DeltaV Whitepaper

January 2013 – Page 1 DeltaV InSight for Intelligent Control

DeltaV™ InSight for Intelligent

Process Control
DeltaV™ InSight improves plant performance with intelligent monitoring, diagnostics, and adaptive controller
tuning.

www.DeltaV.com
DeltaV Whitepaper
January 2013 – Page 2 DeltaV InSight for Intelligent Control

Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3

Extending PlantWeb with Intelligent Control ........................................................................ 3

DeltaV InSight – An Intelligent Control Performance Suite ................................................. 5

Embedded Process Learning ............................................................................................... 6

Intelligent Control Performance Monitoring .......................................................................... 7

Advanced Controller Tuning ................................................................................................. 9

Control Performance Reports............................................................................................. 10

Adaptive Control ................................................................................................................. 10

Control Performance Improvement Services ...................................................................... 11

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Introduction
Manufacturers lose millions of dollars each year due to process variability and poor control performance, often
unaware they even have a problem. Control engineers are typically overworked and ill-equipped to monitor and
maintain the hundreds of control loops and instruments for which they are responsible. And contributing to the
problem, traditional control systems don’t provide a systematic way to monitor, diagnose and improve process
control performance.

DeltaV InSight provides a systematic approach to improving control by monitoring control performance; identifying
and diagnosing problem loops; recommending tuning and maintenance improvements; and continuously adapting
to changing conditions to optimize plant performance.

What makes DeltaV InSight special is its ability to automatically learn process characteristics by continuously
evaluating plant conditions and calculating process models based on normal day-to-day operations. These
process models may be applied in a wide range of applications to precisely benchmark control performance,
diagnose problems, calculate tuning parameters, adjust tuning for adaptive control, test control configurations,
and train operators.

DeltaV InSight has evolved from Emerson’s research in the area of on-line adaptive control technology. The core
Adapt Technology provides the ability to efficiently calculate dynamic response models based on normal day-to-
day operations. The original intent for this technology was for closed loop adaptive control; however it became
apparent through customer interviews and marketing surveys that the Adapt technology could be used in many
other ways to monitor performance, identify and diagnose problems, and improve control performance across the
entire control system. By incorporating the Adapt learning algorithms throughout the DeltaV control system, we
are able to systematically identify opportunities, diagnose problems, and automatically improve performance
through Intelligent Process Control.

DeltaV InSight is the intelligent evolution of our legacy products DeltaV Inspect and DeltaV Tune. DeltaV Insight
incorporates all the functionality of the original Inspect and Tune products, plus significant improvements in model
based monitoring, diagnostics, and adaptive tuning.

Extending PlantWeb™ with Intelligent Control

Emerson has revolutionized the process control industry with the introduction
of PlantWeb which provides Predictive Intelligence through the use of
Intelligent Field Devices. We now take Predictive Intelligence a step further
with the introduction of Intelligent Control. By embedding learning
algorithms directly into the control system, we can systematically apply the
knowledge we acquire to:

 Locate hidden variability and underperforming control loops

 Monitor control performance against model based performance

benchmarks

 Identify problems and diagnose causes such as faulty valves or process interactions

 Prevent downtime; increase availability

 Reduce variability, increase quality and throughput; and

 Sustain gains from performance improvements

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Never before have intelligent learning algorithms been implemented across an entire control system to identify
control performance problems and profit opportunities. The knowledge acquired by these learning algorithms
provide an insight into the process previously only possible through weeks and months of testing by control
experts. Now control engineers can quickly measure the performance of their plant and troubleshoot problems in
a fraction of the time it takes with traditional control systems.

DeltaV InSight provides Intelligent Control using Emerson’s Adapt Technology which enables DeltaV to
automatically Learn a process, Evaluate its performance, and Improve control through advisory or closed loop
adaptive control.

The embedded Adapt algorithms provide DeltaV the ability to Learn or acquire knowledge about a process by
constantly observing every control loop and identifying process models. As conditions change, the algorithms re-
identify or re-learn the process automatically; and can remember the process behavior for different operating
conditions. Therefore when conditions change, such as feed rate or product selection, DeltaV InSight can
remember the process characteristics based on past experience.

We can then use this information to Evaluate control loop performance, by continuously validating our process
models and using them as benchmarks for comparing current performance vs. best performance. The models
can also be used to diagnose problems when the process doesn’t respond as expected; for example, with a
sticking valve.

And third we take action to Improve Control Performance by Advising Operations when control loops are
underperforming, recommending tuning parameters or maintenance action, and ultimately provide automatic
retuning of control loops with continuous adaptive control.

By Learning the Process, Evaluating Control Performance, Diagnosing problems, and Improving plant
performance, we are extending the power of PlantWeb’s Predictive Intelligence all the way from intelligent field
devices through an Intelligent Control system.
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A Systematic Approach for

Sustained Performance
Analyze and
Diagnose
Identify Problems Re-Tune
And Prioritize Or Fix Cause

Monitor Advanced
Performance Control

DeltaV InSight – An Intelligent Control Performance Suite

DeltaV InSight provides an integrated control performance suite of applications to monitor, analyze, diagnose, and
improve control performance. With DeltaV InSight the user can:

 Monitor performance of all control loops and process measurements to detect abnormal conditions such as
high process variability, limited control outputs, or manual operation. Gain insight into process performance
with embedded learning algorithms which identify process models and performance indices.

 Identify and prioritize problem loops based on control performance and operational importance

 Analyze and diagnose process performance to pinpoint the cause of control problems such as poor tuning or
limited control valves.

 Quickly tune loops with adaptive tuning which recommends tuning based on normal day-to-day operations; no
invasive plant tests are required. Adaptive tuning is possible with our embedded learning algorithms which
continuously calculate adaptive process models and diagnostics for every loop in DeltaV

 Adapt to changing conditions with continuous closed loop adaptive control; ideal for non-linear processes or
processes with significant changes that frequently need new tuning.

 Build a strong foundation for advanced control by keeping critical loops well tuned and operating properly.

DeltaV InSight is the intelligent evolution of our legacy DeltaV Inspect and DeltaV Tune products. All of the
capabilities of Inspect and Tune are maintained plus significant new features are added including:

 A new user interface provides seamless navigation between monitoring, diagnostics, and advanced tuning
functions. New trends provide historical benchmarking for control performance indices.
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 Process model analysis provides additional insight into process characteristics. Embedded learning
algorithms continuously calculate new process models for monitoring, tuning, and analysis.

 Tuning recommendations are available for every control loop in the system with no additional plant testing.

 Model based performance monitoring accurately identifies control loops that are underperforming with a new
Tuning Index.

 Control performance reports are easily scheduled or generated on-demand to provide operations,
maintenance and control personnel with reports that track key performance indicators.

 Closed loop adaptive control continuously updates tuning parameters and remembers optimal tuning for up to
five operating regions.

And best of all, this technology is completely embedded into DeltaV and does not require any additional
configuration. As an embedded application in the DeltaV system, InSight requires no software installation,
integration, or configuration. Using DeltaV software’s common configuration database, InSight automatically
recognizes input, output and control blocks as they are added to or deleted from the system. This means faster
startups and less maintenance.

Embedded Process Learning

DeltaV InSight uses learning algorithms embedded in the controller to calculate process models and diagnostics
for every control loop in the system. These models and diagnostics are used for intelligent performance
monitoring and adaptive tuning to accurately identify problems and recommend tuning improvements. Process
learning is easily enabled from DeltaV Explorer or DeltaV InSight for individual control modules or entire controller
nodes. No module download is required to enable process learning.

Never before has a Control System provided embedded learning algorithms for every control
loop; enabling intelligent monitoring, diagnostics, and adaptive tuning.

DeltaV InSight calculates process models based on process changes made by the operator or automated
procedures such as batch control sequences. Whenever there is a change in the setpoint (or output when
controller is in manual), InSight captures the process input and output data and performs an efficient calculation to
identify process dynamics. These process models are stored in a database for users to evaluate performance
over time and to identify potential process non-linearities and degradations, such as the fouling of catalysts, heat
transfer surfaces, and sensors.

A unique aspect of DeltaV InSight is that it is an embedded part of every DeltaV system. Calculations for control
performance, diagnostics, adaptive tuning, and adaptive control are performed directly in the controller. Historical
data analysis and reporting are performed on a PC workstation with user access from any DeltaV PC on the
system network. DeltaV InSight's architecture is shown below.
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DeltaV InSight Architecture

Embedding DeltaV InSight into the automation system improves both ease of use and calculation performance.
InSight is easy to use because there is no additional configuration required. InSight configuration is automatic:
every time a control loop is added, deleted, or modified in the control system, InSight configuration is
automatically updated with the latest configuration. DeltaV InSight also performs better because the control
calculations are embedded directly in the controller. Calculations for control performance, diagnostics, and tuning
require a lot of information, which can significantly add to system communications loading. Embedded
calculations greatly reduce the system communications as compared with traditional OPC data access.
Furthermore, for fast loops, it’s virtually impossible to scan the control loop via OPC fast enough for accurate
calculations.

Intelligent Control Performance Monitoring

The ability to quickly inspect control and measurement loops is of primary importance to industrial applications.
Poorly tuned loops and malfunctioning field devices can jeopardize product quality and, quite often, production or
yield. DeltaV InSight provides advanced process monitoring that allows under-performing loops to be identified
instantly.

DeltaV InSight provides control performance monitoring for you to quickly assess control conditions across your
entire system. Overview displays provide a summary of the abnormal control conditions for the selected system,
area and module level. Once an abnormal condition is detected, you may easily drill down to get detailed
performance metrics and historical information on specific control blocks.
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The Control Conditions monitored for every control loop

and reported in the Overview and Summary displays
include:

 Uncertain Input. A block's process variable is bad,

uncertain, or limited.

 Limited Control. A downstream condition is limiting the

control block action; for example, the output is at a
maximum limit.

 Incorrect Mode. The actual mode of a block does not

match the normal mode configured for the block.

 Large Variability. A block's standard deviation and

variability index are exceeding their maximum limits.

 Process Oscillation. A block’s process variable has

oscillatory behavior.

 Recommended Tuning. A tuning recommendation has

been calculated that significantly improves control.
InSight Control Performance Monitoring

 Device Alerts. Indicates when a control module has

one or more devices that have had active device alerts.

DeltaV InSight calculates the percent time that these control conditions exist and reports them as an abnormal
condition if the percent time exceeds a defined global limit. Abnormal control conditions are indicated in overview
graphs and summary tables from which the user may drill down on specific blocks for more detailed control
performance indices and historical trends.

The Control Performance Indices provided on a block basis include:

 Standard Deviation is calculated for each AI, AO and control block.

 Variability Index (or modified Harris Index) is calculated for each control block and indicates the control
performance as compared to minimum variance control.

 Tuning Index is a model-based performance index that provides an easy-to-understand benchmark

comparing current tuning with the desired tuning based on calculated process dynamics. The Tuning Index is
the predicted % change in control variability for the new tuning recommendation.

 % Time Limited provides an indication of how often any of the control conditions listed above are active.

DeltaV InSight performance monitoring is easy to use because it automatically configures itself as control
strategies are added to or deleted from the system. No communications interface or mapping of tags is required.
Default performance limits for control conditions and performance indices are provided and may be easily
changed based on your specific knowledge of your process.
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Asset Alert Monitoring
DeltaV InSight also provides overview displays with summary status information for all devices (Fieldbus and
HART) that are monitored for maintenance state. Four asset alert levels are reported including: Asset Failed,
Maintenance Soon, Advisory, and Communications Failed. Detailed asset information is also easily available by
launching AMS Device Manager from DeltaV InSight for any device in question.

Advanced Controller Tuning

DeltaV InSight provides two basic approaches to loop tuning:

 On-demand tuning—Uses on-demand testing of the process to automatically provide tuning

recommendations. (Previously available with DeltaV Tune.)

 Adaptive tuning—Uses past operator changes in setpoint or output to automatically provide tuning
recommendations. No additional plant tests are required.

DeltaV InSight's On-Demand Tuning is available for PID and Fuzzy

Logic control blocks in the DeltaV controller or Emerson Foundation
fieldbus devices. Tuning recommendations are available on demand
by initiating automatic testing of the process. During the tests, the
loop remains under control to prevent large disturbances to the
process. The on-demand tuning method is based on the Aström-
Hägglund algorithm referred to as the relay-oscillation method. Users
may easily adjust the desired speed of response for the control loop
to speed up or slow down the closed loop response. Advanced users
may also specify optional tuning rules for modified Ziegler-Nichols,
Lambda, or Internal Model Control.

InSight On-Demand Tuning

DeltaV InSight's Adaptive Tuning is available for all PID

blocks that have embedded process learning enabled and
reside in either DeltaV or Emerson Foundation Fieldbus
devices. Adaptive tuning is based on process models that
are continuously calculated based on changes the operator
makes during normal day-to-day operation. The process
models used for tuning are validated using quality parameters
for model identification and model variability. Tuning
recommendations are automatically provided for validated
models based on Lambda or IMC tuning rules.

The unique value of DeltaV InSight’s adaptive tuning comes

not only from providing optimal tuning recommendations, but
from proactively identifying loops that need to be re-tuned.
For each PID block, a tuning index provides a quantitative
metric for the predicted % change in variability for the new
tuning recommendation. With a tuning index it is possible to
identify and rank control loops that need tuning, before
operational or variability problems are reported. InSight Adaptive Tuning and Simulation
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For the advanced user, DeltaV InSight also provides sophisticated but easy-to-use loop simulation and model
analysis tools. The simulation allows control loop performance to be predicted before the new tuning is used. The
user can view a simulated loop response based on the recommended tuning parameters and compare the
response with the current tuning parameters. You can also assess loop stability for different tuning parameters
with a robustness plot. The model analysis tool provides insight into process characteristics and can be used to
validate model consistency, identify non-linearities, or process changes over time.

Control Performance Reports

DeltaV InSight Performance Reports help operations,
maintenance and control personnel track control performance
and identify opportunities for improvement. Standard “out of
box” reports are provided for system overview, area control
performance, and detailed loop analysis. DeltaV InSight
automatically accounts for all control configuration changes,
making it Easy to generate and maintain performance reports.
These reports may be created on-demand or easily scheduled
for automatic generation, such as for monthly or weekly reports.

Furthermore, DeltaV InSight reports are easily customized to

include additional key performance indicators such as critical
alarms, energy consumption, or production rates. Based on
Microsoft Excel templates, reports are easy to enhance using
DeltaV Reporter, an Excel Add-in provided free with DeltaV,
which lets you add process, alarm and event information to your
InSight reports. InSight Control Performance Reports

Adaptive Control
With DeltaV InSight’s Adaptive Control (Adapt), you may never
have to re-tune that problem loop again. Adaptive controllers
continuously adjust their tuning parameters to account for
changing conditions and non-linear process dynamics. And
Adapt not only calculates optimal tuning when process
conditions change, but also remembers the best tuning from the
last time it was controlling in the same operating region. So
Adapt learns and adjusts to new environments, AND remembers
the last time it experienced similar conditions. This is truly
“Intelligent Control”.

DeltaV InSight’s Adaptive Control includes the following

features:
InSight Adaptive Control
 Fully adaptive control for any DeltaV PID control block

 Coordinates model identification and adaptive tuning calculations for closed-loop, automatic mode.

 User defined state variables to account for known non-linearities

 Up to five operating regions for automatic switching to previously calculated tuning

 Expert users may specify performance criteria for adaptive tuning

For maximum flexibility, DeltaV Adapt enables PID blocks to operate in one of three adaptive control modes:
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 Full Adaptive Mode – Continuously adjusts tuning parameters based on the last good model calculated for
each operating region.

 Partial Adaptive Mode – Adjusts tuning parameters only when operating regions change, and only using
process models that have been approved for each region.

 Learn Only Mode – Process learning and adaptive tuning recommendations are calculated for each operating
region but no tuning parameter changes are written to the on-line PID block.

Control Performance Improvement Services

Emerson’s Control Performance Improvement Services provide a

cost effective way to increase asset performance and minimize
unplanned maintenance, freeing customer engineers from the day-
to-day maintenance of hundreds of discrete and analog control
loops. And with efficient tools like DeltaV InSight, DeltaV Analyze,
and our Guardian program, we can quickly uncover additional
control improvement opportunities for our customers.
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