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Linear Algebra Module 12

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MERLBEN DUQUE
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10 views2 pages

Linear Algebra Module 12

Uploaded by

MERLBEN DUQUE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Binalonan, Pangasinan

College of Teacher Education


First Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024
MODULE 12
Determinant
I. Objectives

At the end of the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. Define the determinant of a square matrix.
2. Compute the determinant of 2×2, 3×3 and 4×4 matrices.

II. Lecture

We emphasize that an n x n array of scalars enclosed by straight lines, called a


determinant of order n, is not a matrix but denotes the determinant of the enclosed array of
scalars (i.e., the enclosed matrix). The determinant function was first discovered during the
investigation of systems of linear equations. We shall see that the determinant is an
indispensable tool in investigating and obtaining properties of square matrices. The definition
of the determinant and most of its properties also apply in the case where the entries of a matrix
come from a commutative ring. We begin with a special case of determinants of orders 1, 2,
and 3. Then we define a determinant of arbitrary order. This general definition is preceded by
a discussion of permutations, which is necessary for our general definition of the determinant.
Example Problems:
Determinant of a 2×2 Matrix

Find the determinant of the matrix:

2 3
A=[ ]
1 4

det(A) = (2)(4)−(3)(1)
=8 – 3
=5
Determinant of a 3×3 Matrix
1 2 3
B = [4 5 6]
7 8 9
5 6 4 6 4 5
det(B) = 1[ ]- 2[ ]+ 3[ ]
8 9 7 9 7 8
= 1((5)(9)−(6)(8))−2((4)(9)−(6)(7))+3((4)(8)−(5)(7))
= 1(45−48)−2(36−42)+3(32−35)
= 1(−3)−2(−6)+3(−3)
= −3+12−9
det(B) = 0
5 3 7
C = [ 2 −5 8]
−6 4 9
−5 8 2 8 2 −5
det(C) = 5[ ]- 3[ ] + 7[ ]
4 9 −6 9 −6 4
= 5((-45-32)-3(18+48)+7(8-30))
= 5(-77)- 3(66)+(-22)
= -358-198-154
det(C) = -737
Determinant of a 4×4 Matrix
2 3 1 4
D = [1 5 2 0]
3 1 4 2
0 2 5 3
5 2 0 1 2 0 1 5 0 1 5 2
det(D) = 2[1 4 2] -3[ 3 4 2] + 1[3 1 2] -4[ 3 1 4]
2 5 3 0 5 3 0 2 3 0 2 5
4 2 1 2 1 4
= 2(5[ ] -2[ ] + 0[ ]) = 2[5(2)-2(-1)] = 2(12) = 24
5 3 2 3 2 5
4 2 3 2 3 4
= -3(1[ ] -2[ ] + 0[ ]) = -3[1(2)-2(9)] = -3(-16) = 48
5 3 0 3 0 5
1 2 3 2 3 1
= 1(1[ ] -5[ ] + 0[ ]) = 1[1(-1)-5(9)] = 1(-46) = -46
2 3 0 3 0 2
1 4 3 4 3 1
= -4(1[ ] -5[ ] + 2[ ]) = -4[1(-3)-5(15)+2(6)] = -4(-66) = 264
2 5 0 5 0 2
= 24+48-46+264
det(D) = 290

Activity:
Compute the determinants of the following:
3 0 4
1. A = [2 3 2]
0 5 −1
0 4 1
2. B = [5 −3 0]
2 3 1

1 −2 5 2
3. C = [0 0 3 0]
2 −4 −3 5
2 0 3 5

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