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Radio Navigation10

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20 views13 pages

Radio Navigation10

Uploaded by

asdomareissa2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MICROWAVE LANDING SYSTEM

(MLS)
OVERVIEW:-
• Introduction
• ILS Disadvantages
• The MLS system
• Principle of Operation
• Airborne Equipment
INTRODUCTION:-
• The Microwave Landing System (MLS) was
designed to replace ILS with an advanced
precision approach system
• MLS is a precision approach and landing system
that provides position information
• provided in a wide coverage sector and is
determined by :-
• an azimuth angle measurement.
• an elevation measurement.
• a range measurement.
ILS DISADVANTAGES
• There are only 40 channels available worldwide.
• ILS cannot be sited in hilly areas and it requires
large expanses of flat, cleared land to minimize
interference with the localizer and glide slope
beams.
• The azimuth and glide slope beams are fixed and
narrow.
• Vehicles, taxiing aircraft, low-flying aircraft and
buildings have to be kept well away from the
transmission sites to minimize localizer and glide
slope course deviations (bending of the beams).
THE MLS SYSTEM:-
• There are 200 channels available worldwide.
• The azimuth coverage is at least ± 40° of the runway
• The coverage of the Microwave Landing System in the UK
extends to 20NM up to a height of 20000FT
• There is no problem with back course transmissions; a
secondary system is provided to give overshoot and departure
guidance ± 20° of runway direction up to 15° in elevation to a
range of 10 NM and a height of 10000 f
• Because of its increased azimuth and elevation coverage
aircraft can choose their own approaches.
THE MLS SYSTEM:-

• It operates in the SHF band, 5031 - 5090.7 MHz. This enables it


to be sited in hilly areas without having to level the site.
• The MLS has a built-in DME.
• • MLS gives positive automatic landing indications plus definite
and continuous on/off flag indications for the localizer and glide
slope needles.
• up to 15° in elevation to a range of 10 NM and a height of
10000 f FOR BACK COURSE
• The identification prefix for the MLS is an ‘M’ followed by two
letters
THE MLS SYSTEM:-
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION :-
• MLS employs the principle of Time Division Multiplexing
• only one frequency is used on a channel but the transmissions
from the various angle
• • Azimuth location. Time referenced scanning beam (TRSB) is
utilized in azimuth and elevation as follows: the aircraft
computes its azimuth position in relation to the runway center
line by measuring the time interval in microseconds between the
reception of the ‘to’ and ‘fro’ scanning beams.
• Glide slope location. Another beam scans up and down at a
uniform speed within its elevation limits
• OTHER COMPONENTS OF THE SYSTEM ARE:
• Back azimuth. Gives go-around and departure guidance ± 20°
of runway direction up to 15° in elevation
Airborne Equipment
• AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT
• The airborne equipment is designed to continuously display the position of
the aircraft in relation to the preselected course and glide path along with
distance information during approach as well as during departure.
• Display
• The display consists of two cross bars similar to an ILS display except that
the indications are given relative to the selective course. It is possible to
program the computer to give segmented approaches and curved
approaches for which a DME-P must be installed on the ground.
• Control Unit
• In order to receive ILS, MLS and GPS transmissions, aircraft are equipped
with multi-mode receivers and a combined control unit for ease of use by the
flight crew.
Airborne Equipment

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