Nama​ : Aditya

Alfarel Putra
Nawall Putra Shadat
Afendi
NIM​ : 21120122140035
21120123140140
Kelas​ : Kecerdasan Buatan – D

Find the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Variance for each of these data sets.
1.​ [12 23 34 44 50 70 98]
a)​ Mean:
7
𝑋 = ∑ 𝑋𝑖
𝑖=1

12+23+34+44+59+70+98
𝑋= 7

331
𝑋= 7

𝑋 = 47, 29
b)​ Standard Deviation
X 2
(𝑥 − 𝑥)
12 1.245,02
23 589,99
34 176,67
44 10,83
50 7,34
70 515,68
98 2.571,84
Total 5.147,86

5.147,86
𝑠= 6

𝑠= 857, 94
𝑠 = 29, 29
c)​ Varians
2 5.147,86
𝑠 = 6

2
𝑠 = 857, 94
2.​ [ 12 15 25 27 32 88 99 ]
 a)​ Mean
7
𝑥 = ∑ 𝑋𝑖
𝑖=1

12+15+25+27+32+88+99
𝑋= 7

𝑋 = 42, 57
X 2
(𝑥 − 𝑥)
12 933,55
15 759,37
25 308,41
27 242,31
32 111,70
88 2.064,01
99 3.185,21
Total 5.604,56

b)​ Standar Deviation

5.604,56
𝑆= 6

𝑆= 934, 09
𝑆 = 30, 55
c)​ Varians
2 5.604,56
𝑆 = 6

2
𝑆 = 934, 09
3.​ [ 12 15 25 27 32 88 99]
a)​ Mean
7
𝑋 = ∑ 𝑋𝑖
𝑖=1

15+35+78+82+90+95+97
𝑋= 7

𝑋 = 42, 57
 X 2
(𝑥 − 𝑥)
12 933,46
15 759,84
25 308,50
27 242,37
32 111,69
88 2.604,22
99 3.185,97
Total 5.605,05

b)​ Standard Deviation

5.605,05
𝑆= 6

𝑆= 934, 18
𝑆 = 30, 54
c)​ Varians
2 5.605,05
𝑆 = 6

2
𝑆 = 934, 18
Work out the covariance betwwen the x and y dimensions in the following 2 dimensional data
set, and describe what the result indicates about the data.
𝑛𝑋𝑛
𝐶 (
= ( 𝐶𝑖,𝑗 , 𝐶𝑖,𝑗 = 𝑐𝑜𝑣 𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑖 , 𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑖 ) )
4.​ Calculate the covariance matrix for this 3 dimensional set of data.
Item Number 1 2 3 4 5 Mean
X 10 39 19 23 28 23,8
Y 43 13 32 21 20 25,8

(𝑥 − 𝑥) (𝑦 − 𝑥)
-13,8 17,2
15,2 -12,8
-4,8 6,2
 -0,8 -4,8
4,2 -5,8

∑(𝑋𝑖− 𝑋)(𝑦𝑖− 𝑦)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑛−1

− 482,20
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 4

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑦) = -120,55

5.​ Calculate the covariance matrix for this 3 dimensional set of data.
Item Number 1 2 3 Mean
X 1 -1 4 1,33
Y 2 1 3 2
Z 1 3 -1 1
Deviasi
2 2
(𝑥 − 𝑥) (𝑥 − 𝑥) (𝑦 − 𝑦) (𝑦 − 𝑦) (𝑧 − 𝑧) (𝑧 − 𝑧)2
-0,33 0,1089 0 0 0 0
-2,33 5,429 -1 1 2 4
2,67 7,13 1 1 -2 4

(𝑥 − 𝑥)(𝑦 − 𝑦) (𝑥 − 𝑥)(𝑧 − 𝑧) (𝑦 − 𝑦)(𝑧 − 𝑧)

0 0 0
2,33 9,32 -4
2,67 10,68 4

𝐶𝑜𝑣 = [𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑥, 𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑥, 𝑧) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑦, 𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑦, 𝑦) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑦, 𝑧) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑧, 𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑧, 𝑦) 𝐶𝑜𝑣(𝑧, 𝑧) ]

●​ Kovarians (x,x)
2
∑(𝑥𝑖− 𝑥)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑥) = 𝑛−1

12,67
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑥) = 2

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑥) = 6, 34
 ●​ Kovarians (y,y)
2
∑(𝑦𝑖− 𝑦)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑦, 𝑦) = 𝑛−1

2
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑦, 𝑦) = 2

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑦, 𝑦) = 1
●​ Kovarians (z,z)
2
∑(𝑧𝑖− 𝑧)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑧 , 𝑧) = 𝑛−1

8
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑧 , 𝑧) = 2

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑧 , 𝑧) = 4
●​ Kovarians (x,y)
( )
∑ 𝑥𝑖− 𝑥 (𝑦𝑖− 𝑦)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑛−1

5
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 2

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑥) = 2, 5
●​ Kovarians (x,z)
( )
∑ 𝑥𝑖− 𝑥 (𝑧𝑖− 𝑧)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑧) = 𝑛−1

−10
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑧) = 2

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑥, 𝑧) = − 5
●​ Kovarians (y,z)

( )
∑ 𝑦𝑖− 𝑦 (𝑧𝑖− 𝑧)
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑛−1

−4
𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑦, 𝑧) = 2

𝐶𝑜𝑣 (𝑦, 𝑧) = − 2

Matriks Kovarians
𝑐𝑜𝑣 = [6, 34 2, 5 − 5 2, 5 1 − 2 − 5 − 2 4 ]