REVIEW 4

I. PHONETICS
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following
questions.
1. A. break B. breath C. thread D. tread
2. A. enough B. plough C. rough D. tough
3. A. stopped B. expected C. finished D. faced
4. A. deafening B. frightening C. happening D. threatening
5. A. dream B. mean C. peace D. steady
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following
questions.
1. A. campaign B. global C. balance D. carbon
2. A. analytical B. opportunity C. qualification D. university
3. A. cultural B. heritage C. memory D. represent
4. A. overcrowded B. inhabitant C. geography D. convenient
5. A. infectious B. essential C. precaution D. properly

II. VOCABULARY
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning
to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. He is truly a reliable friend. He will always be with me and never let me down.
A. mean B. independent C. decisive D. dependable
2. It is important to maintain the biological diversity of the rainforests.
A. similarity B. identity C. variety D. compatibility
3. In the past, a lot of countries denied having contributed to global warming.
A. agreed B. refuted C. approved D. avoided
4. Life expectancy for both men and women has improved greatly in the past
twenty years.
A. Living standard B. Longevity C. Life skills D. Lifeline
5. The factory needs to hire a large number of well-trained workers and it is
willing to offer them a high salary if they meet the demands.
A. skillful B. educated C. well-known D. hard-working
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. I can't concentrate on my work because of the noise caused by my children.
A. focus B. abandon C. neglect D. allow
2. My parents seemed fully satisfied with the result of my entrance exam.
 A. pleased B. contented C. disappointed D. joyful
3. Sulphur dioxide is released into the atmosphere from coal power, which
makes global warming more and more serious.
A. freed B. pushed C. trapped D. threw
4. I have great respect for his ideas although I don't agree with them.
A. appreciation B. admiration C. recognition D. disregard
5. There was a very positive response to our new design - people seemed very
pleased with it.
A. hopeful B. confident C. negative D. motive
Give the correct forms of words in brackets.
1. Is your (AWARE) ________ campaign going to focus on social issues,
environmental problems or educational themes?
2. Cutting down forests is destroying the earth’s ecosystems. The governments
should stop (FOREST) ________ .
3. She is suffering from (DEPRESS) ________ caused by too much pressure at
school.
4. The park has the largest (VARIOUS) ________ of birds in northern Viet Nam with
more than 3,000 bird species.
5. There are still (RESPONSIBLE) ________ tourists who drop litter on the trails,
which pollutes the water and soil.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following sentences.
1. Buying ________ made from wild animals is not good, is it?
A. productive B. production C. produce D. products
2. People don't want to ________ the environment, do they?
A. harm B. harmful C. harmless D. harmlessly
3. Drinking too much alcohol may ________ violent behaviors.
A. mention to B. lead to C. refer to D. contribute for
4. You shouldn’t feel ________ when you are bullied. You need to stand up to
bullies.
A. cheerful B. excited C. damaging D. ashamed
5. Many people have recently become ________ of physical attacks in the streets.
A. patients B. victims C. goals D. objectives
6. The zoo is actively involved in breeding programs to help save endangered
________.
A. species B. groups C. classes D. kinds
7. Deforestation is ________ the local flora and fauna in the region.
A. breaking B. collapsing C. destroying D. dying
8. We need to protect the ________ in the local ecosystems.
A. biodiversity B. diversify C. diverse D. diversity
9. The ________ park is protected by the government.
A. nation B. national C. nature D. natural
10. ________ is a common problem. This happens when someone has to suffer
from bad words from others.
A. Physical bullying B. Verbal bullying C. Social bullying D.
Cyberbullying
11. The area, which is home to many rare species of plants, became nature
________ two years ago.
A. reservation B. preserve C. preservation D. reserve
12. Many students want to apply to ________ schools to study skills for jobs after
secondary schools.
A. boarding B. specialist C. vocational D. language
13. Medical advances have helped to increase ________ expectancy.
A. live B. life C. living D. lives
14. There is often a ________ gap in extended families.
A. generation B. generational C. education D. educational
15. These policies are designed to reduce the impact of ________ change.
A. weather B. atmosphere C. environment D. climate
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
1. We post photos of environmentally-friendly activities on society media.
A B C D
2. As the oldest national park in Viet Nam, Cuc Phuong is a natural habit of
many rare
A B C
animals and plants in Asia.
D
3. Although the government's effort to protect Cuc Phuong, several problems
have been reported.
A B C D
4. A group of friends are making jokes of a boy's height.
A B C D
5. In addition to, rare animals were hunted legally, some of which were
rescued and
A B C
returned to the forest.
D

III. GRAMMAR
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following sentences.
1. Many teenagers become depressed ________ cyberbullying.
A. because of B. because C. as D. despite
2. Ecosystems are damaged ________ people pollute the environment.
A. although B. however C. besides D. as
3. ________ our campaign was a success, we still need to do more to stop
cyberbullying.
A. Since B. Though C. In spite of D. Because
4. People are not allowed to camp or hunt in the forest ________ it has become a
nature reserve.
A. despite B. as a result C. therefore D. since
5. There have been many campaigns to end deforestation. ________, trees are still
being cut down.
A. In addition B. However C. Besides D. Therefore
6. The climbers reached the mountain’s summit ________ the challenges they
encountered during their journey.
A. despite B. though C. since D. as
7. ________ doing environmental projects, Mandy is helping teenagers find part-
time jobs.
A. In addition B. However C. In addition to D. As a result
8. We made an effort to save our local park. ________, it was sold to a property
developer.
A. However B. As a result C. Therefore D. Besides
9. People have known more about the consequences of deforestation. ________,
they are trying to protect forests instead of cutting down trees.
A. As a consequence B. In addition C. However D.
Therefore
10. I wanted to stay longer ________ I was really enjoying parties.
A. because of B. since C. though D. despite
11. She didn't go to school ________ her illness.
A. because B. despite C. because of D. in spite of
12. Mary was tired. ________, she went to bed early.
A. As a result B. Besides C. In addition D. However
13. ________ they felt depressed, they tried to win the match.
A. Because B. Although
C. Therefore D. As a consequence
14. The children played in the sun all afternoon. ________, they felt tired.
A. In addition to B. However C. As a consequence D. Besides
15. They made efforts to protect wildlife in this park. ________, they couldn’t
protect animals from hunting.
A. However B. As a result C. Therefore D. Although
16. They go to the ________ pool near their house every day.
A. swim B. to swim C. swam D. swimming
17. An ________ family has several generations in the same house.
A. nuclear B. extended C. basic D. common
18. ________ education is one of the compulsory subjects at schools.
A. Chemical B. Mental C. Physical D. Verbal
19. We need a new ________ machine. The old one was out of order.
A. washing B. wash C. to wash D. washed
20. His wife is a ________. She does every chore and spends time reading books.
A. housekeeping B. house keep C. keeping house D. housekeeper

IV. SPEAKING
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best
completes each of the following exchanges.
1. Lan is talking to Minh.
Lan: I'm afraid I can't go to the cinema with you.
Minh: ________.
A. Opps! That’s not good. B. What a pity. I really wanted you to watch
the film.
C. It's a pity you did that. D. Oh no. Why
did you do that?
2. Lan is talking to Minh.
Lan: My brother had a bad flu.
Minh: ________.
A. I'm sorry to hear that. How’s he? B. It doesn’t matter.
C. I don't think it’s good for him. D. Where did he study?
3. Lan is talking to Minh.
Lan: I hate being bullied at school. My friends don't like me.
Minh: ________.
A. I can’t help you. B. What do they do with their
friends?
C. Never do that again. D. I know how it
feels.
4. Lan is talking to Minh.
Lan: Do you like watching cartoons?
Minh: ________.
 A. They are really interesting. B. They’re my favourite.
C. They are not mine. D. Thanks for
asking me.
5. Lan is talking to Minh.
Lan: Let's go to the nature museum this afternoon to get some ideas for our
reports.
Minh: ________.
A. I hate moving. B. I’m really into watching them.
C. Great idea! I love it. D. I can’t stand
being in one place.

V. READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate
the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
from 1 to 10.
Homelessness is a pressing social issue (1) ________ affects millions of people
around the world. Defined as lacking a stable, safe, and adequate place to live,
homelessness transcends geographical boundaries and impacts individuals and
families (2) ________ diverse backgrounds.
One of the primary causes of homelessness is the lack of affordable housing.
Rising rents and property prices have (3) ________ many individuals and families
out of the housing market, forcing them to seek shelter in temporary
accommodations or on the streets. (4) ________ , economic hardships, job loss,
and limited access to social support systems can exacerbate the issue, leaving
vulnerable populations at an [5] ________ risk of becoming homeless. A significant
subset of the homeless population comprises individuals struggling (6) ________
mental health issues. The lack of proper mental health care and support can lead
to a downward spiral, leaving people without the resources to maintain stable
housing or employment. Tragically, this cycle perpetuates their homelessness,
making it difficult for them to reintegrate (7) ________ society. Another vulnerable
group affected by homelessness is youth. Many young people experience family
breakdowns, abuse, or neglect, leaving them without a stable home environment.
Without proper guidance and support, they can end up (8)________ on the streets,
facing increased risks of exploitation, substance abuse, and involvement in
criminal activities.
Homelessness not only impacts individuals’ well-being but also places a
burden on society as a whole. It (9) ________ public resources as governments try
to provide emergency shelters, food, and medical care for the homeless
population. Additionally, it creates challenges for local communities as the
presence of homeless encampments can lead to concerns about safety and public
(10) ________ .
(Adapted from Reuters)
1. A. who B. that C. when D. where
2. A. of B. with C. from D. at
3. A. pulled B. pushed C. paused D. pulsed
4. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
5. A. increase B. decrease C. increased D. decreased
6. A. by B. with C. for D. of
7. A. onto B. to C. in D. into
8. A. to live B. to be lived C. living D. being lived
9. A. trains B. rains C. sends D. strains
10. A. health B. attention C. argument D. mentality
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 17.
Ecosystems are intricate and interconnected systems that encompass all
living organisms and their physical environment. These diverse ecosystems,
ranging from rainforests to coral reefs, play a vital role in sustaining life on Earth
and providing essential services to human societies.
A key characteristic of ecosystems is their delicate balance. Each component,
whether it be plants, animals, microorganisms, or abiotic factors like water and
soil, interacts with others in a complex web of relationships. These interactions
create a dynamic equilibrium that allows the ecosystem to thrive and maintain
its functionality.
One crucial aspect of ecosystems is biodiversity. The variety of species within
an ecosystem contributes to its resilience and adaptability. A diverse range of
plants and animals ensures that if one species is affected by a disturbance,
others can step in and fulfill similar ecological roles, preventing catastrophic
collapses. Unfortunately, human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and
overexploitation of resources have led to a decline in biodiversity, disrupting the
balance and stability of many ecosystems.
Another fundamental concept in understanding ecosystems is the flow of
energy and nutrients. Producers, such as plants and algae, convert sunlight into
energy through photosynthesis. This energy is then transferred through the food
chain as herbivores eat plants, and carnivores eat herbivores. Decomposers
break down dead organisms, returning nutrients to the soil for the next
generation of plants. This interconnected flow of energy and nutrients is vital for
the functioning and sustainability of the ecosystem.
(Adapted from EcoWatch)
11. What is the title of the passage?
A. The Importance of Biodiversity in Ecosystems
B. The Role of Producers in Ecosystems
C. Understanding the Ecosystems
D. Human Impact on Coral Reefs
12. According to the passage, what is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
A. Convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis.
B. Break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil.
C. Fulfill similar ecological roles as herbivores.
D. Interact with abiotic factors like water and soil.
13. The word "thrive” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. prosper B. regress C. diminish D. struggle
14. The word "its” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. species' B. ecosystem's C. biodiversity’s D. crucial
aspect’s
15. The word "decline" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. dwindling B. advancement C. commencement D. multiplication
16. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Human activities have led to a decline in biodiversity in many ecosystems.
B. Ecosystems are composed of living organisms and their physical
environment.
C. Producers convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis.
D. Overexploitation can enhance the resilience of ecosystems through
reproduction.
17. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Coral reefs are not important for sustaining life on Earth.
B. Human activities have no impact on the balance and stability of ecosystems.
C. The interconnected flow of energy and nutrients is crucial for ecosystem
sustainability.
D. Biodiversity has no effect on an ecosystem's resilience and adaptability.