UNT-4

fall stack Develepmeu Sukers to he woiking of

both the tont-end (user Jatefae ) ancd back-e
Cselvee, data bese, and appltation Logic) a weh
applieation atwoe sytem,
-’ full stack deuelspels have expettise in a wide hange
ef technologi. and Can aandle vious aspects of a
profet, from designing . the se intekace to managing
databasps Ond Seveis.
’Tha llo them to develop endto- end ssutions
and io highly valucd in the field ef Aeb and sctale
dbalepment
Vaib, telnolgies and
heb deelopmeut invelues

Componeats. he foundatinel aspechs of keb dkuclopmaat

9. Domain Names
4. HTML to. Vn Contel

3Java Sonipt In, Rupetive Daign

t. font- End Deelbprnent
5. Bat- End Deueop
mest 3. Testing and De begging
6leb Famenks 4. SEO (SatckkngineCptni
7. HTTP -3atin)
15. Contut Managemeut
6. hleb ttti
sytem.
 4) HTMA CHypeteat Maskup hanguage ):
TML h used t stucha the Content of web
eleneut like headige paiagra=
It Consistt of
-ph,
-Ps, ist, links nd mde,
mele. NhicA create the baic
Stuu tute tot a ebpage
R Css CCaitading Shyle sheet)? Csc t ceed

keb pages. Contnls the Layout,

Colors tont, And éwiall W'sual presentatin f
HTML elemeutt.
Can be agpled nline in the <style >
element , fes.
n eeteenal CSS

3) Javaseript:- Jaua Sept io a pramnig

Hat Anables iatesachvit anod cyana'
languang
behaviear Csed
tonmony
animetians, anc spnding to
A. Grogt- End Deuelopntuti- I focuse! to he csee itel

Saponsie and viualy gpealiy

-t inalvg Cnatuy
 heheits ing tHTML, css, and Jonitnipt
5. Back End Develepmeut Boch.end deuelopmeut de»l,
Kith -the sefuct. skle ot seb anpitons.
- t intludes seruet cetup , cbtabase, ,, ad sehe -cide
,Node.je d PH?
6. Web framiwKs -
Fremeóks ike Reah, rgba,
Ruay on Pailh, and
Expess
sucturs
back-crd) prvide pre- butE toots and
to Simpy
Hypertext Tranee fiotcoli HITP i the protorol
Uaed -fa tans letins deta betozen -tke client Cbrose )
and seel.
t ineideg methods like .GET and PoT te
Seaues ting and snding dta..
3 Web Hoshng To make e a hehsit attessible
on the intesnet, yu ned kub heting. popala hesting
pirviders inclade AhWs, Heoku, Buehost, and olkes
9 Domain Name' A domain Name the neb acoes
hat yes tye to atteyk your st (C9. kQw. taamplk. Com).
’ Veu an segstes domain nanes
10. Veston Contrel - Tocls ike and platfa ke
Gttub esseatial fa tackng changes to yoay Cadi,
collaborcding ith othee, and monoging yor PrfetCode bay
 4

Il Responsie Deigo?-- Creating Kebsites that dapt

to devites Cruckal.
Valious screen Sizes and
guesies help ackieue
tecanigat
uponsie desigoss Iike medla

8 Chdesstanding seusily fraoièes

euting dlaai Protecting aginst Commorn
as
attacke leg' Cros -site ceniptig, sal injeetiàn ) and
using HTTPS , s vital to protecti your

13. Tsting and Debufging- Regulaly tesing yar

wsit fa Compatitilig , peskomente, and fenckionalt
Lssues esential. Debbugging tools and. þia chtes
ond ti eoTS,
help iaertibt
4. SEO CSearch Ergine Cptimizatn) 3 Optimigig yur
kekie fa Seasck engines Can imDroMe is vicibilg in
seaslh Sesutte. ha involvesseleant heyut:
meta tage, and Creating gualit
ualily Con tent
I5 Content Managemeut Sytes(CMS)2- CMs platent
tk Wod Press, Drupal, ond Joomla make it easie th
Ceate and manage heb lontent whout entensive Ceua
knewledge Otherhan -lhese thee bs Some addticaal
ypets to be Invglad ac hles Seant, neb acressiaiil wel
Peskemanee optimi safim.
 HTMA Web sekueis Shell :&
.HTMLç hlelbselers:
H6e Cortent and structuse of
HTML fles Contai) tae
Sequests a wes page , the
Neb pages, Ahen a
serue? proreces he lequtest aweb page.
heb see
-the Corespondjg TML fle to the usei'e brwsa.
R. kleb sesuee Contignhaton
heed a beb
To sesne TML Ales, yeu tepicaly
sehwe solunte bke Apache, Ngin, Mieraseßt Tis.
These Seuess ale Conligued -to lidten foltheIntoning.
requesfed
HTTP Seguest and sepond biy Sonding
HTMA files to the ctient
3 Shel Sipting -
Can be sed In the Cmtet of hes
Shel scigtig
8e\nessfA veits purposes, suck as uctometion, ssuep
maintainaote, depbymnt. lacty
Shell Senyt to aubmat
> tumple yea miglY use
ke upetrg Neka't'e tonted, tontguig
cha.
stingt
 cooseede nd taske Selated to Web
COmnon shetl Commands
Seves:
Neb &evess
4y starting and caping
To stat a boeb selvee , you typically
Command ikeg
’ for Apahe:

setvice apacke2 stast

Sudo
’ for Ngint Start
Sudo sesvice
Sewite ngtn Sinag Comnand

but seplae " st pr "stop

'sudo seerile apache z Stop
status - A webselvee, llse
check Hhe statar ot
’To
10

&uvite apache2 statiu'

Sudo
’ For NgSudo sete ngx stalus
3

Yeu can edt he Cotyuatin flas yer

heb seluer tet edu lie
hce fue behanes intluding.
viatual hests , secturl, settings, and moe
Sudo nano tuapache2 /apake 2.Cont
Fles
dog.iles to mont sevel activtg
you carn v'ew
dagnose ixues. Common Loq tiles include e los
and ttes logs
ky- Viwing Apacke elor dog:
Sudo tail -f Ivaa/loglapache2./ erro.log'
5 Managing leb Eilesg
you, on ue shel Commands ike 'cp,
and Cchmod' to manage fes and diaectories Selbd
+TML fles,
to your Neb selueo, such as Cepyig
fles,and changing le peimis
moving fles, Temeving
6-Kestosting Web eiweas
AHte makiny changcs to sesuee Conioetiogs, yau
elten ned to Rectort the sewey t the changes to
take ekfeet Apahel Sudo sewite apache estat
(Aghiz Stdo Sewite nginz Aestat
 Steuait, Tesks
you Can use shell Commande
Commands to apply seCaasty
Updalas, Confqure -fseaall Aules , and ped
Setuaitg
8. kleb Seruer Contyl panels
’Some hleb hosting contrsl panele, lke efanel d
plesk, previde a Neb- base nteefare få managing
web Selves setings, comains and ddatat
bases.
-heye panels aten hav Conwnana- lihe equ'valentr.

Nate' Sesee- Related Comande

Sequiies
Rumi ng
asministvative . priuileges so tou ma "ypialyneed
to use 'Sudo' CSupaues ) to exeuto these Command.
Atltonaly, the peite Cnmand and poths may
Votu ckpendng on yeur SAvee sehup and peiathing
syten.
’ Auway bnercise Cautie kohen makig Changes to
your web sewer Contigusaton to avod disrupting
your websitt ncthenalily
 Web seuel Shel Deinatin: ît sefes to a Command-hine
Shell acces to a web seluet,
Jnteckate oi
THs allolos administts and deuelopets to inteact with
teetbased Commands
and anag the web seRue
usingintekae (Gu1).
Sather than a a graphical User
t inc ludes tae following Conceptr
includes
ntesface CCLI) : A CLI prrvides a
A
1. Command- ine
tert -based ony to inteaact with a Computa o eive
input Com mands cund Seceie teut- based
seceive
’Uces can
eutput in Sesponge.
R kleb Seue Aces - With Shell access to a web selWe,
yeu Con penfom vOsious "lasks Salated to Contiguting,
tnaintaining , and trouble shoo ting the neb Sesves ana
web ppliations hosted on it,
3. Tasks:- Commorn taske usig a a web Sewes Shell iaetnd

inclucle Conkig1ring sewn settingc, managing Ales and

daectone Checkng t logs insktirg sogeiate, Sunning
ipts, and pesning wes maintainan ce. she! is often
Artes to the weh seweg
Besticted and Sequites authentatin Typicaly throgh
Secuss Shot! ) t emett attess.
’ mea_«tes oRe fn plaee to pofect the seruq -
unauthoriged alless.
5. Commds and
Opeiading Sgtemsi The Specht
Shell
based

Onthe web gerver softie ((eg Apache, Nginz )

and.e undetlging opsating sytem (egdinux,
w)
Wind
G. Adminis heflue Ysivileges manyt sesiee managemeut
tasks aquiße admini styefiue B supeUJer privleger,
ten achiaved by uig he Sudo Command In Unix
Like systemy
A stuet shell orovides a test-based infefaie
ta managing anc Con'gting heb eers, mating it
powatal tool fe keb adninisthatety ond denebpes
ha heed tine- 9rained Cor
Contl their Selued
en vonmeuts
 UNX CLI Vehsin Cont el

Unix Commaud- línc intestace to yeS Ion Cotee

vession Cotrel systems like Git
ynicalliy hulus utiligug
’ Git is a t1Rcd distibute d Vess ion Contgt
Cantel systenm
idely he DNIX]Ainuy CiI
that woke Seanlely in
Hese ae the basic Steps an Commande
enironsNet
f Vossióp Contd with Git.
- 1. ins tall
Git
it Git å not alteads Installed o your
UNIR- based systea, yeu Can ingtal it uaing
yeur package manags.
For En! Dbuntu:
afduino
Sudo apt-qet insta!l git

-To Creatt a new Git sepesitoy

diaecty. here you ant to navigate to the
statt esion Contrel aud
csharp
git init
 ’ To clone
euisting Git Aepository fom a Sensle
Seurce (e9 GtHub), y6u Can
bash
Cqycode
git elone <Aepositoy.url>
3, Basic Vesion Contol Commands:
git add <file> Atd Changes from
fon a fle
to the staging alea.
’ 9it Commit m 'Coamit mesage": Commit staged
Changes with a deseviptie mexage.
’ ' git stotu'; Check the status of your woiking
and staged changeu.
dixectoy
-’'git og Vied the Commit histos of the
Aeposdy. Show the dstlences bétaseen your
’ 'it diff:
and th last Co nit.

’it bYancu': dut

dist ailable branchcs and higklyAt
the Cuient braneh.

dq. Branching and Meaging

byan ch Create a ney brenct.
<brancAname

’ g i t Cheekeut sbraneh name: SNitek to a

cifelent brancl,
 meme <banca hame> : Merge Changes fuom
ne branch into nother. 13)

5. Remote Repesitory Tntenction! Add

Temote
<Aepository- url>':
.Semote Aepository. <bran ch.name >
push Kemote hame>

loal changes to a 2emote epository.

fush yor
’git pull <note tram > <branCh-name> : push
Changos from a amot Sepositoy to yeur lotal acpocity,
PThese e SOme of the fundamental qit Comnand: wsed
in a UNX C1T envisonment for Vesion Cortol
’ By Wsing 6it, you Can tact Changes, Colla borat
oI h olhers, mangge branhes, cnd maintai) aa detailkd
youn prçject.
docen
Mate Suye to aeler to Git's docuimentation or Use
git --help for more inkalnation spezifte Git
Comnands and options .
 HTNL
Stt tHteb
Git and
-tools wed fa
nd Collaboattoo on
Veision Contl Cnd
dewlspmeut Prjete including tHTMA fles.
Heae's a breif Bvetuew how they co8k togeie?:
4.Git distrtbutedVesten Contrt eyteg
in thelr
that dlenos deuatopey to tack changes
Cede eeg -time.
’ t wsed to manage te cource Code of a
Pjt. yu Can Ceate . ai Gt Aspoatoy, to stole
your t TML frles and tack elanges. made to
then:
GHtub s a aa deb-based platm
that prevides
prevides hesting fhett sopostonies,
acd
a social omnd cellatora.Be aspet to Gt alleoing
muttiple pesple -to oôt
Sinutaneeuly
’Gttub pevides deates ike tsue trackig,, pull
S0quest and Coda 2evilw,
mahing it a popues
clheite t open- souTte and pivat sowale ceselpreat.
Hese's a Simple wkfouo -f using Git and Gittlab
Aith HTMA fle les
 (15)
git tnitto Initialize anew Gt Repos
dsucdongrate
2 mML les- Geato yeur tI MA Hles
(Eg:- inder ktinl) a modity eistirg ones hin he

Projet dizec toy

s Add changes Use glt add frlenane,html' to
stage -the Changes you want fo Commit. yue
Can abo wse git add . to stage al changes
te directdy
d Commit Changes-- Commit tfhe slagzd Changes
git Commit -m " your Comnmit muage
using s Rtg T you hwant to
5. Puch to Gt tub:-
Collaborato oith othegs back up your Code c)
Gittub, Cneato. a spositol
the hstsucfiens t push yourn local Sapoctoqy to
GtHub usinggit push
6. Collaborate others Com clone your GHtub
Aepositu make clanges,and submit pull Segueste
to leview and melge.
you
&at &Gt Hub ofa mansy moe teatans and wokßlows to
managing code. you an also ae Git t broncling s meyging , and
usclving Contlicts, whiCk oe cssenhial or lage? projeeft
 16)
Css lert
Heel's hew yeu (an use Git and Gt Heb ntth
4.Tnitalize a haven't

hauigate to your project dieta and un git fart e

to
tnitalige
R Cneata os css fles- Create youn css
tles (ea. style: cus ) e8 make Changes to existhg Once s
Klthin ysur Pprojeut ciectou.
3 Add changest To stage the Changes mode to
your css files, we git add flenagne.css Altenálk
-ely , we e git add to stage al changes io the
däcthat
t Commit changy! Comnit the staged Change with
"ur Commite
uing git Comnit -m
a
a descsiptie mesage
kant to Collaboral oith ohele
yeu
5 Püsh to.GtAubi- k
batkup your Code by Gttub, Cneate a
Sepaty
Follon -th instuctons Poided by Gittb to push yourtc
lotal AupostÝy -o the remota Supaitoly uaing gt puch'.
CCollaboaton otha teom membes a Contribüloe Can clef
yeur Gt Hub epositoy mate changes to Css fles, and
submt pull eqests or you to Seyiew.
Cec Asle., Nke HM iles, Can be eastly managtd
Css
with Git ÇGt Hulo t tracks changus alloas you to rol back to
previous Veisio needed, and GitHub prndes Collaboratim
 and Gode --shaling
Coe Capabilities. TÂi, b£k foso heps
mantained and Vessinec
ensuse that your CSS ae

UNIT - 1 Questions
No:f1
4. Define full Stack Developnent ? CRMpage
hleb Seues Shell ? (aM]page Noo
3. What is Git 6t Hub ? (2M] page Ne:
4. What is nleb Developnent and euplain heijasies
technologies and Compontnts iovelied 9 CeM], poge Noi|)
5. hlhat s shell stipting ?GuGiue Somg task elated
Commands to Web seveis?
6 Eplain the hiaking of Web serwei shel in
Suspect to cerot aspets ! TsmJ-page alo:1
4 Explain in detail abaut UNX ComMcund-linG
Intetae ession Contn!
Explain in detail about he wotfoJ -f
&.
Git and GitHub oith HTML fles [cm
uing
,page No;
|14,151
9. Explin indelail aboluk the kdkfbw t8 using
ond GtHab Nith Css ile ) &m]o
sMJ.pogc No:
Git