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CP CPK

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36 views2 pages

CP CPK

Uploaded by

n.santoshichitra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CP (Process Capability):

Definition: Process Capability (CP) refers to the ability of a process to


produce output that meets the customer's specifications.

Calculation: 𝐶𝑃=𝑈𝑆𝐿−𝐿𝑆𝐿6×𝜎CP=6×σUSL−LSL

𝑈𝑆𝐿USL: Upper Specification Limit


𝐿𝑆𝐿LSL: Lower Specification Limit

𝜎σ: Process standard deviation



Interpretation:

 CP values:
 Less than 1: The process spread is wider than the specification
limits, indicating that the process is incapable of meeting
specifications consistently.
 Equal to 1: The process spread is equal to the specification
limits, implying that the process is capable of meeting
specifications.
 Greater than 1: The process spread is narrower than the
specification limits, demonstrating that the process is capable
of meeting specifications with room to spare.

Significance:

 Helps identify whether a process is capable of meeting customer


requirements.
 Useful for comparing different processes or process improvements.
 Guides decision-making for process adjustments or redesign to
improve capability.

CPK (Process Capability Index):


Definition: Process Capability Index (CPK) measures the capability of a
process to produce output within specifications while considering process
centering.

Calculation: 𝐶𝑃𝐾=min⁡(𝑈𝑆𝐿−𝜇3×𝜎,𝜇−𝐿𝑆𝐿3×𝜎)CPK=min(3×σUSL−μ
,3×σμ−LSL)

 𝜇μ: Process mean

Interpretation:

 CPK values:
 Less than 1: The process spread is insufficient to meet
specifications consistently, considering both variation and
centering.
 Equal to 1: The process spread is adequate to meet
specifications, but with no margin for error due to variation or
centering.
 Greater than 1: The process spread exceeds specifications,
providing a margin for error due to variation or centering.

Significance:

 Reflects both the capability of the process and its alignment with
the target value.
 Helps in assessing whether the process is capable of meeting
specifications considering variation and centering.
 Enables comparison between processes or process improvements
while accounting for both capability and centering.

Key Differences:
 Focus: CP assesses capability solely based on process spread
relative to specifications, while CPK considers both spread and
centering.
 Formulas: CP uses the process spread divided by 6 times the
standard deviation, while CPK incorporates process centering by
comparing the distance between the mean and specification limits
to 3 times the standard deviation.
 Interpretation: CP indicates potential capability, while CPK reflects
actual capability accounting for process centering.

In summary, CP and CPK are essential tools in quality management,


providing insights into process capability and performance relative to
specifications and centering. They guide decision-making for process
improvement and optimization to ensure consistent product quality and
customer satisfaction.

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