14 December 2024

LAB 4 ¶

NEWTON RAPHSON METHOD

Write the python code to find the root of f(x)=x^3-5*x^2=0 using newton raphson method

In [7]: 1 x=symbols("x")
2 def NR(f,x0,e):
3 it=1
4 d=diff(f,x)
5 print("f(x)=",f)
6 print("df(x)/dx=",d)
7 print("Initial guess=",x0)
8 x0=float(x0)
9 cond=True
10 while cond:
11 if d.subs({x:x0})==0:
12 print("Derivative is 0,can't compute")
13 break
14 h=f.subs({x:x0})/d.subs({x:x0})
15 x1=x0-h
16 x0=x1
17 print("Iteration no:\t",it,"\t x=",x0)
18 it+=1
19 cond=np.abs(f.subs({x:x1}))>e
20 if it>25:
21 print("Solution diverges")
22 break
23 return x0
24 NR(x**3-5*x**2,0,0.000005)

f(x)= x**3 - 5*x**2

df(x)/dx= 3*x**2 - 10*x
Initial guess= 0
Derivative is 0,can't compute

Out[7]: 0.0
In [5]: 1 from sympy import symbols, diff
2 import numpy as np
3 ​
4 x = symbols("x") # Define the symbol x
5 ​
6 def NR(f, x0, e):
7 """
8 Newton-Raphson Method for solving f(x) = 0
9 Parameters:
10 f: sympy expression - The function whose root is to be determined.
11 x0: float - Initial guess for the root.
12 e: float - Tolerance level for stopping criterion.
13 ​
14 Returns:
15 x0: float - Approximation of the root.
16 """
17 it = 1 # Iteration counter
18 d = diff(f, x) # Derivative of the function
19 print("f(x) =", f)
20 print("df(x)/d(x) =", d)
21 print("Initial Guess:", x0)
22 ​
23 # Ensure x0 is a floating-point number
24 x0 = float(x0)
25 cond = True # Condition to continue iteration
26 ​
27 while cond:
28 if d.subs({x: x0}) == 0: # Check if derivative is zero
29 print("Derivative is 0, can't compute further.\n")
30 break
31 h = f.subs({x: x0}) / d.subs({x: x0}) # Compute h = f(x0)/f'(x0)
32 x1 = x0 - h # Update guess
33 print(f"Iteration no: {it}, x = {x1}")
34 ​
35 # Check convergence criterion
36 cond = np.abs(f.subs({x: x1})) > e
37 x0 = float(x1) # Update x0 for the next iteration
38 it += 1
39 ​
40 if it > 25: # Stop if the method does not converge within 25 iterations
41 print("Solution diverges or did not converge within 25 iterations.")
42 return None
43 ​
44 return x0
45 ​
46 # Example usage
47 result = NR(x**3 - 5*x**2, 0, 0.000005)
48 print("Root:", result)
49 ​

f(x) = x**3 - 5*x**2

df(x)/d(x) = 3*x**2 - 10*x
Initial Guess: 0
Derivative is 0, can't compute further.

Root: 0.0

Write the python code to find the root of f(x)=x^3-2*x^2+x+1=0 using newton raphson
method
In [16]: 1 x=symbols("x")
2 def NR(f,x0,e):
3 it=1
4 d=diff(f,x)
5 print("f(x)=",f)
6 print("df(x)/dx=",d)
7 print("Initial guess=",x0)
8 x0=float(x0)
9 cond=True
10 while cond:
11 if d.subs({x:x0})==0:
12 print("Derivative is 0,can't compute")
13 break
14 h=f.subs({x:x0})/d.subs({x:x0})
15 x1=x0-h
16 x0=x1
17 print("Iteration no:\t",it,"\t x=",x0)
18 it+=1
19 cond=np.abs(f.subs({x:x1}))>e
20 if it>25:
21 print("Solution diverges")
22 break
23 return x0
24 result = NR(x**3 - 2*x**2+x+1, 0, 0.000005)
25 print("Root:", result)

f(x)= x**3 - 2*x**2 + x + 1

df(x)/dx= 3*x**2 - 4*x + 1
Initial guess= 0
Iteration no: 1 x= -1.00000000000000
Iteration no: 2 x= -0.625000000000000
Iteration no: 3 x= -0.485785953177258
Iteration no: 4 x= -0.465955919735989
Iteration no: 5 x= -0.465571374907092
Root: -0.465571374907092

Write the python code to find the root of f(x)=sin(x)+x**-1=0 using newton raphson method
using x0=.5
In [13]: 1 x=symbols("x")
2 def NR(f,x0,e):
3 it=1
4 d=diff(f,x)
5 print("f(x)=",f)
6 print("df(x)/dx=",d)
7 print("Initial guess=",x0)
8 x0=float(x0)
9 cond=True
10 while cond:
11 if d.subs({x:x0})==0:
12 print("Derivative is 0,can't compute")
13 break
14 h=f.subs({x:x0})/d.subs({x:x0})
15 x1=x0-h
16 x0=x1
17 print("Iteration no:\t",it,"\t x=",x0)
18 it+=1
19 cond=np.abs(f.subs({x:x1}))>e
20 if it>25:
21 print("Solution diverges")
22 break
23 return x0
24 result = NR(sin(x)-x**2+1, 0.5, 0.000005)
25 print("Root:", result)

f(x)= -x**2 + sin(x) + 1

df(x)/dx= -2*x + cos(x)
Initial guess= 0.5
Iteration no: 1 x= 10.5428955023812
Iteration no: 2 x= 5.38324944022858
Iteration no: 3 x= 2.54804796530244
Iteration no: 4 x= 1.71544102182517
Iteration no: 5 x= 1.44881875199292
Iteration no: 6 x= 1.41045157893933
Iteration no: 7 x= 1.40962438837635
Root: 1.40962438837635

Write the python code to find the root of f(x)=exp(x)-3x*2=0 using newton raphson method using
x0=1
In [19]: 1 x=symbols("x")
2 def NR(f,x0,e):
3 it=1
4 d=diff(f,x)
5 print("f(x)=",f)
6 print("df(x)/dx=",d)
7 print("Initial guess=",x0)
8 x0=float(x0)
9 cond=True
10 while cond:
11 if d.subs({x:x0})==0:
12 print("Derivative is 0,can't compute")
13 break
14 h=f.subs({x:x0})/d.subs({x:x0})
15 x1=x0-h
16 x0=x1
17 print("Iteration no:\t",it,"\t x=",x0)
18 it+=1
19 cond=np.abs(f.subs({x:x1}))>e
20 if it>25:
21 print("Solution diverges")
22 break
23 return x0
24 result = NR(exp(x)-3*x**2, 1, 0.000005)
25 print("Root:", result)

f(x)= -3*x**2 + exp(x)

df(x)/dx= -6*x + exp(x)
Initial guess= 1
Iteration no: 1 x= 0.914155281832543
Iteration no: 2 x= 0.910017665783406
Iteration no: 3 x= 0.910007572548888
Root: 0.910007572548888

Write the python code to find the root of f(x)=log(x)+x**2-4=0 using newton raphson method
using x0=2
In [20]: 1 x=symbols("x")
2 def NR(f,x0,e):
3 it=1
4 d=diff(f,x)
5 print("f(x)=",f)
6 print("df(x)/dx=",d)
7 print("Initial guess=",x0)
8 x0=float(x0)
9 cond=True
10 while cond:
11 if d.subs({x:x0})==0:
12 print("Derivative is 0,can't compute")
13 break
14 h=f.subs({x:x0})/d.subs({x:x0})
15 x1=x0-h
16 x0=x1
17 print("Iteration no:\t",it,"\t x=",x0)
18 it+=1
19 cond=np.abs(f.subs({x:x1}))>e
20 if it>25:
21 print("Solution diverges")
22 break
23 return x0
24 result = NR(log(x)+x**2-4, 2, 0.000005)
25 print("Root:", result)

f(x)= x**2 + log(x) - 4

df(x)/dx= 2*x + 1/x
Initial guess= 2
Iteration no: 1 x= 1.84596729320890
Iteration no: 2 x= 1.84110183746662
Iteration no: 3 x= 1.84109705845469
Root: 1.84109705845469

In [ ]: 1 ​

In [ ]: 1 ​