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Measures of Position Eda

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11 views2 pages

Measures of Position Eda

Uploaded by

perolhannah8
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Measures of position Dispersion or variation- degree to which numerical data

There are times that the position of a value relative to tend to spread about an average value.
the other observations in a data set must be Common measures of variability:
determined. 1. Range
Quantiles- dividing the arranged set of data in equal 2. Mean deviation
parts. 3. Standard deviation
Median- dividing the set into 2 equal parts 4. Variance
Quartile- a measure of relative standing, dividing the set 5. Semi-interquartile range
into 4 equal parts. 6. 10-90 percentile range
Q1. The first quartile, is the value of x that exceeds one
fourth of the measurement and is less than the Range:
remaining three fourths. -difference between the smallest and largest value
Q2. It is the median -Unstable descriptive measures of dispersion for very
Q3. The value of x that exceeds three-fourths of the large sample.
measurement and is less than the one-fourth. -unreliable, 2 values are used in computation

Rules for ungrouped data: Mean deviation or average dev. (MD)


When measurements are arranged in order of
magnitude, that is increasing or decreasing.
1. Q1= 0.25 (n+1) Standard Deviation(s)
2. Q2= 0.50 (n+1) - It is the square root of the average deviation
3. Q1= 0.75 (n+1) from the mean, or simply the square root of the
variance.
When q1 and q2 are not integers, the quartile are The variance is the square of the standard deviation.
found by interpolation. Charlier’s check: in computation of the mean and
standard deviation by the coding method makes use of
Deciles: Divide the distribution into 10th or equal parts.
the identities.
A data set has nine deciles which are denoted by
∑ f (U + 1) = ∑ fu + N
d1,d2,d3….d9. ∑ f (U + 1)2 = ∑ fu2 +2fu + N
The 1st decile is the number that divides the bottom
Sheppard’s correction for variance.
10% of the data from the top 90%. D5=Q2
The computation of the standard deviation is somewhat
For ungrouped, divide the data set into 10 th and the error due to grouping data into classes (grouping error).
determine the no. dividing the 10th. K= nd/10 To adjust for grouping error use correction.
Corrected variance= variance – c2/12
Percentiles: Coefficient of variation- is the ratio of the standard
Are position measures used in educational and health- variation to the mean. Used to compare variability of
related fields to indicate the position of an individual tow or more sets of data.
group. Standardized variable- measures the deviation from the
For ungrouped, Percentile= <(no. of values below x) + mean in units of standard deviation. (standardized
0.5/ total no of values> x 100 score)
If c is not a whole number, round it up to the next whole
number. Shape of distribution:
If c is a whole number, use the number between c and Measures the variability tell the average distance from
c+1. the center but do not fire the overall picture of the
distribution.
MEASURES OF VARIABILITY
These are measures of the ave. distance of each Normal distribution. A bell-shaped appearance the
observation from the center of the distribution. It mean=median=mode.
measures the homogeneity and heterogeneity of a
particular group. Moments of grouped data:
a. About zero
b. About the mean
c. About any origin

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