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Very Important Class Notes

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15 views9 pages

Very Important Class Notes

Uploaded by

notsureabout99
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sequences and Series

Case Study Based Questions


Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow:

1. A.M. and G.M. Inequality


Let a, b be two positive real numbers, then
(√a-√b)² 20
⇒ a+b-2 √ab≥0

A.M≥ G.M.
Equality holds iff a = b
i.e., A.M. = G.M. iff a = b
The A.M. and G.M. inequality for two variables
can be generalised to n variables.
If a1, a2, a3....an are n positive real numbers, then

(A) If x, y, z are positive integers, then find value of the expression (x + y) (y + z) (z + x).
(B) Find the minimum value of the expression 3x + 3¹-x, x∈R and if three positive real
numbers a, b, c are in A.P. and abc = 4, then find the minimum possible value of b.
(C) Find the common ratio of a GP whose sum of infinite terms is 8 and its second term
is 2.

Ans. (A) A.M.> G.M.

On multiplying three inequalities, we get


(B) :- A.M. > G.M.

So, the minimum value of 3x +31-x is 2√3.


Given a, b, c are in A.P.
So, 2b = a + c
and abc = 4
We know that, A.M. > G.M.

(C) Let a be the first term and r be the common ratio of the G.P.

2. A sequence of non-zero numbers is said to be a geometric progression, if the ratio of


each term, except the first one, by its preceding term is always constant. Rahul, being a
plant lover, decides to open a nursery and he bought few plants and pots. He wants to
place pots in such a way that the number of pots in the first row is 2, in second row is 4
and in the third row is 8 and so on.....

(A) The constant multiple by which the number of pots is increasing in every row
is:
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 8
(d) 1
(B) The number of pots in 8th row is:
(a) 156
(b) 256
(c) 300
(d) 456
(C) The difference in number of pots placed in 7th row and 5th row is:
(a) 86
(b) 50
(c) 90
(d) 96
(D) Total number of pots upto 10th row is:
(a) 1046
(b) 2046
(c) 1023
(d) 1024
(E) If Rahul wants to place 510 pots in total, then the total number of rows
formed in this arrangement is:
(a) 7
(b) 8
(c) 9
(d) 5

Ans. (A) (a) 2


Explanation: The number of pots in each row is 2, 4, 8....
This forms a geometric progression,

Hence, the constant multiple by which the number of pots is increasing in every row is 2.
(B) (b) 256
Explanation: Number of pots in 8th row = ag

(C) (d) 96
Explanation: Number of pots in 7th row,

Required answer = 128 - 32 = 96


(D) (b) 2046
Explanation: Total number of pots upto 10th row

(E) (b) 8
Explanation: Let there be n number of rows.

3. A person was employed in a company on the condition that he will be paid rupees 2,
4, 6, 8, 10,... for the work done in the company on 1st, 2nd 3rd day.
(A) Name the progression of amount received by the person.
(a) A.P.
(b) G.P.
(c) A.P. and G.P.
(d) None
(B) The common difference of the sequence is:
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
(C) The first term of the sequence is:
(a) 2
(b) 4
(C)6
(d) 8
(D) The total amount received in 10 days in rupees is:
(a) 115
(b) 105
(c) 120
(d) 110
(E)

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Ans. (A) (a) A.P.


Explanation: The given series 2, 4, 6, 8, is
A.P. because the common difference is same as
(B) (b) 2
a₂-a₁ = 2
a3-a₂ = 2
Explanation: The common difference as the
A.P. 2, 4, 6, 8,...
a₂-a₁ =4-2=2
a3-a₂=6-4=2
a4-a3=8-6=2
(C) (a) 2
Explanation: The first term of A.P 2, 4, 6, 8. is 2.
(D) (d) 110
Explanation: Here a = 2, d= 2 and n = 10
So,
(E) (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

12. A group of students obtain the sum of first n

named as Bn and sum of cubes of n natural

(A) Find the value of A5, and B3..


(B) Find the value of C2, and the sum of first n natural number is also the sum of n
numbers of A.P whose first term is 1 and common difference is also 1.
(C) What is the geometric mean of 6 and 24?
Ans.

(B)
(C) Given two data values are 6 and 24. So, n = 2.
So, to find the geometric mean of 6 and 24, we have to take the square root for the
product of 6 and 24.
Geometric Mean = √(6x24)
Geometric Mean = √(144)
Thus, the square root of 144 is 12.
Therefore, the geometric mean of 6 and 24 is 12.

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