Database System

1. What is the full form of DBMS?

a) Data of Binary Management System
b) Database Management System
c) Database Management Service
d) Data Backup Management System
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: DBMS is abbreviated as Database Management System. Database
Management System stores the data and allows authorized users to manipulate and
modify the data.
2. What is a database?
a) Organized collection of information that cannot be accessed, updated, and managed
b) Collection of data or information without organizing
c) Organized collection of data or information that can be accessed, updated, and
managed
d) Organized collection of data that cannot be updated
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It is defined as an organized collection of data or information for easy
access, updating, and management in a computer.
3. What is DBMS?
a) DBMS is a collection of queries
b) DBMS is a high-level language
c) DBMS is a programming language
d) DBMS stores, modifies and retrieves data
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: DBMS is nothing but a storehouse wherein the authorized user can create
a database to store, modify or retrieve the organized data in the table. It can be modified
or retrieved by users who have access to DBMS only.
4. Who created the first DBMS?
a) Edgar Frank Codd
b) Charles Bachman
c) Charles Babbage
d) Sharon B. Codd
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Charles Bachman along with his team invented the first DBMS known as
Integrated Data Store (IDS).
5. Which type of data can be stored in the database?
a) Image oriented data
b) Text, files containing data
c) Data in the form of audio or video
d) All of the above
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The reason for creating the database management system was to store
large data and these data can be of any form image, text, audio, or video files, etc.
DBMS allows the users to store and access the data of any format.
advertisement
6. In which of the following formats data is stored in the database management system?
a) Image
b) Text
c) Table
d) Graph
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The data is stored in a table format intended to manage the storage of data
and manipulate stored data to generate information.
7. Which of the following is not a type of database?
a) Hierarchical
b) Network
c) Distributed
d) Decentralized
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Different types are:
1) Centralized
2) Distributed
3) Relational
4) NoSQL
5) Cloud
6) Object-oriented
7) Hierarchical
8) Network
8. Which of the following is not an example of DBMS?
a) MySQL
b) Microsoft Acess
c) IBM DB2
d) Google
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: MySQL, Microsoft Access, IBM DB2 are database management systems
while Google is a search engine. MySQL is a Linux-based database management
system, Microsoft Access is a tool that is a part of Microsoft Office used to store data,
IBM DB2 is a database management system developed by IBM. Google’s Bigtable is the
database that runs Google’s Internet search, Google Maps, YouTube, Gmail, and other
products.
9. Which of the following is not a feature of DBMS?
a) Minimum Duplication and Redundancy of Data
b) High Level of Security
c) Single-user Access only
d) Support ACID Property
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Single-user Access only” is not a feature of DBMS. DBMS allows multiple
users to access and manipulate the database concurrently. It provides mechanisms to
handle concurrent access and ensure data consistency and integrity among multiple
users.
The important features of a database management system are:

 Minimum Duplication and Redundancy of Data

 High Level of Security
 Mulitple-user Access
 Support ACID Property

10. Which of the following is a feature of the database?

a) No-backup for the data stored
b) User interface provided
c) Lack of Authentication
d) Store data in multiple locations
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The important features are:
1) Provides backup for the data stored by the user and the user can retrieve the data
whenever required.
2) Provides User-interface to access the data.
3) Only authorized users can access the stored data.
4) Data is stored in one central location but multiple authorized users can access the
data.
11. Which of the following is not a function of the database?
a) Managing stored data
b) Manipulating data
c) Security for stored data
d) Analysing code
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: It allows authorized users to update, store, manipulate, or access data.
Since data is stored in table format it is easy to access the data and perform the required
functions. It also removes duplicate and redundant data.
12. Which of the following is a function of the DBMS?
a) Storing data
b) Providing multi-users access control
c) Data Integrity
d) All of the above
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The purpose of creating DBMS was to store the data. The data stored in
the database management system can be can accessed by multiple users if the access
is provided. The data stored will be accurate and complete hence providing data
integrity.
13. Which of the following is a component of the DBMS?
a) Data
b) Data Languages
c) Data Manager
d) All of the above
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The components of DBMS are as follows:
1) Hardware: Like a hard drive, monitor, etc.
2) Software: Provides a user interface
3) Data Manager: Manages operations of DBMS.
4) Data: The collection of information on the DB is known as data.
5) Data Languages: Languages like DDL, DML, DAL, and DCL allow to perform
operations like creating, modifying, storing, or retrieving data.
14. Which of the following is known as a set of entities of the same type that share same
properties, or attributes?
a) Relation set
b) Tuples
c) Entity set
d) Entity Relation model
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In the actual world, an entity is a distinct “thing” or “object” from all other
objects. For example: Each employee of an organization is an entity.
15. What is information about data called?
a) Hyper data
b) Tera data
c) Meta data
d) Relations
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Information about data is known as Metadata. Metadata describes the data
in detail by providing additional information like type, length of the data, etc. Metadata
helps the user to understand the data.
16. What does an RDBMS consist of?
a) Collection of Records
b) Collection of Keys
c) Collection of Tables
d) Collection of Fields
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: It consists of a collection of tables i.e., the data is organized in tabular
format. The columns of the relation are known as Fields and rows of the relation are
known as fields. Constraints in a relation are known as Keys.
17. The values appearing in given attributes of any tuple in the referencing relation must
likewise occur in specified attributes of at least one tuple in the referenced relation,
according to _____________________ integrity constraint.
a) Referential
b) Primary
c) Referencing
d) Specific
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Consider 2 relations r1 and r2. r1 may include among its attributes the
primary key of relation r2. This attribute is called a foreign key from r1, referencing r2.
The relation r1 is also called the referencing relation of the foreign key dependency, and
r2 is called the referenced relation of the foreign key.
18. _____________ is a hardware component that is most important for the operation of
a database management system.
a) Microphone
b) High speed, large capacity disk to store data
c) High-resolution video display
d) Printer
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Since all the data are stored in form of memory in the disk, a high speed,
and large-capacity disk is required for the operation of the database management
system.
19. The DBMS acts as an interface between ________________ and
________________ of an enterprise-class system.
a) Data and the DBMS
b) Application and SQL
c) Database application and the database
d) The user and the software
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A database management system is an application that acts as an interface
between the user and the database. The user interacts with the application to access
data.
20. The ability to query data, as well as insert, delete, and alter tuples, is offered by
____________
a) TCL (Transaction Control Language)
b) DCL (Data Control Language)
c) DDL (Data Definition Langauge)
d) DML (Data Manipulation Langauge)
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: A query is a request for data or information. Relational Schema is the
design and structure of the relation. DDL consists of commands that help in modifying.
DML performs the change in the values of the relation.
21. ______________ is a set of one or more attributes taken collectively to uniquely
identify a record.
a) Primary Key
b) Foreign key
c) Super key
d) Candidate key
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Foreign key creates a relationship between two relations. Super key is the
superset of all the keys in a relation. A candidate key is used to identify tuples in a
relation.
22. Which command is used to remove a relation from an SQL?
a) Drop table
b) Delete
c) Purge
d) Remove
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Delete command is used to delete the existing record from the table. The
drop table deletes the whole structure of the relation. Purge removes the table which
cannot be obtained again.
23. Which of the following set should be associated with weak entity set for weak entity
to be meaningful?
a) Neighbour set
b) Strong entity set
c) Owner set
d) Identifying set
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Every weak entity must be linked to an identifying entity; in other words, the
existence of the weak entity set is contingent on the presence of the identifying entity
set. The weak entity set that the identifying entity set identifies is said to be owned by the
identifying entity set. Owner entity set is another name for it.
24. Which of the following command is correct to delete the values in the relation
teaches?
a) Delete from teaches;
b) Delete from teaches where Id =’Null’;
c) Remove table teaches;
d) Drop table teaches;
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: To delete the entries from the table Delete from table command should be
used.
25. Procedural language among the following is __________
a) Domain relational calculus
b) Tuple relational calculus
c) Relational algebra
d) Query language
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Non-Procedural Languages are Domain relational calculus and Tuple
relational calculus. Relational algebra is a procedural language that takes input in the
form of relation and output generated is also a relation.
26. _________________ operations do not preserve non-matched tuples.
a) Left outer join
b) Inner join
c) Natural join
d) Right outer join
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Left outer join returns all the rows from the table that is on the left side and
matching rows on the right side of the join. Inner join returns all rows when there is at
least one match in BOTH tables. Natural join returns the common columns from the
tables being joined. A right outer join returns all the rows from the table that is on the
right side and matching rows on the left side of the join.
27. Which forms have a relation that contains information about a single entity?
a) 4NF
b) 2NF
c) 5NF
d) 3NF
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If and only if, for each of its non-trivial multivalued dependencies X \
twoheadrightarrow Y, a table is in 4NF. X is a superkey—that is, X is either a candidate
key or a superset thereof.
28. The top level of the hierarchy consists of ______ each of which can contain _____.
a) Schemas, Catalogs
b) Schemas, Environment
c) Environment, Schemas
d) Catalogs, Schemas
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Schemas represent the logical configuration of the DBMS. Catalogs consist
of metadata of the objects and system settings used.
29. _______ indicates the maximum number of entities that can be involved in a
relationship.
a) Greater Entity Count
b) Minimum cardinality
c) Maximum cardinality
d) ERD
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The term cardinality refers to the uniqueness of data values included in a
single column (attribute) of a table in SQL (Structured Query Language).
30. The user IDs can be added or removed using which of the following fixed roles?
a) db_sysadmin
b) db_accessadmin
c) db_securityadmin
d) db_setupadmin
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Along with security, as the name suggests the db_accessadmin role also
handles access. db_sysadmin refers to the system administrator. db_securityadmin as
the name suggests it involves granting or declining permission to access the data
ensuring security.
31. Why the following statement is erroneous?

SELECT dept_name, ID, avg (salary)

FROM instructor
GROUP BY dept_name;

a) Dept_id should not be used in group by clause

b) Group by clause is not valid in this query
c) Avg(salary) should not be selected
d) None
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Any property that does not occur in the group by clause must only appear
in an aggregate function if it also appears in the select clause; otherwise, the query is
considered incorrect.
32. The traditional storage of data organized by the customer, stored in separate folders
in filing cabinets is an example of ______________ type of ‘database’ management
system.
a) Object-oriented database management system
b) Relational database management system
c) Network database management system
d) Hierarchical database management system
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: In an object-oriented database management system, the data is stored in
the form of objects. In a relational DBMS, the data is stored in the form of tables.
Hierarchy is obtained by Parent-Child Relationship. Parent-Child Relationship Type is
basically a 1:N relationship.
33. After groups have been established, SQL applies predicates in the ___________
clause, allowing aggregate functions to be used.
a) Where
b) Having
c) Group by
d) With
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The “with” clause was introduced to reduce the complexity of the queries
which are lengthy. The “with” clause allows you to define a temporary relation whose
definition is only visible to the query in which it appears.
34. Which of the following is not the utility of DBMS?
i) Backup ii) Loading iii) Process Organization iv) File organization
a) i, ii, and iv only
b) i, ii and iii only
c) i, iii and iv only
d) All i, ii, iii, and iv
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Backup utility is used to create a copy of the db as a backup. Loading utility
is used to load existing file. File organization is used to relocate the files and create new
access path. Processing is not an utility.
35. What does a foreign key combined with a primary key create?
a) Network model between the tables that connect them
b) Parent-Child relationship between the tables that connects them
c) One to many relationship between the tables that connects them
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Using the two relationships mother and father gives us a record of a child’s
mother, even if we don’t know who the father is; if the ternary connection parent is used,
a null value is necessary. In this scenario, binary relationship sets are preferred.
36. Which of the following is correct according to the technology deployed by DBMS?
a) Pointers are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
b) Cursors are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
c) Locks are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
d) Triggers are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Pointers are used to access data with great speed and accuracy.
Consistency is maintained using locks.
37. Which of the following is correct regarding the file produced by a spreadsheet?
a) can be used as it is by the DBMS
b) stored on disk in an ASCII text format
c) all of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: For updating the value in ASCII text format, a regular text file is used.
38. What is the function of the following command?

Delete from r where P;

a) Clears entries from relation

b) Deletes relation
c) Deletes particular tuple from relation
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In the command the P gives condition to delete a particular tuple.
39. ______ resembles Create view.
a) Create table . . . as
b) Create view as
c) Create table . . .like
d) With data
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The ‘create table… as’ statement is similar to the ‘create view… as’
statement in that both are defined with queries. The main distinction is that table
contents are set when the table is built, whereas view contents always reflect the current
query result.
40. The query specifying the SQL view is said to be updatable if it meets which of the
following conditions?
a) select clause contains relation attribute names but not have expressions, aggregates,
or distinct specification
b) from clause has 1 relation
c) query does not have group by or having clause
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: To update the view in sql all the conditions must be satisfied.
41. When the “ROLLUP” operator for expression or columns within a “GROUP BY”
clause is used?
a) Find the groups that make up the subtotal in a row
b) Create group-wise grand totals for the groups indicated in a GROUP BY clause
c) Group expressions or columns specified in a GROUP BY clause in one direction, from
right to left, for computing the subtotals
d) To produce a cross-tabular report for computing subtotals by grouping phrases or
columns given within a GROUP BY clause in all available directions
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A view can be thought of as a virtual table that gets its data from one or
more table columns.
42. Which of the following is the best way to represent the attributes in a large db?
a) Dot representation
b) Concatenation
c) Relational-and
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Concatenation in DBMS is used to join two or more table fields of the same
table or different tables. Example inst sec and student sec.
43. Which of the following is the subset of SQL commands used to manipulate Oracle
Structures, including tables?
a) Data Described Language
b) Data Retrieval Language
c) Data Manipulation Language
d) Data Definition Language
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: DDLs are used to define schema and table characters and consist of
commands that help in modifying. DML performs the change in the values of the relation.
44. Which of the following functions construct histograms and use buckets for ranking?
a) Ntil()
b) Newtil()
c) Rank()
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ntile(n) returns the number of the bucket in which each tuple is stored, with
bucket numbers beginning with 1.
45. __________ command is used in SQL to issue multiple CREATE TABLE, CREATE
VIEW and GRANT statements in a single transaction.
a) CREATE CLUSTER
b) CREATE PACKAGE
c) CREATE SCHEMA
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A schema is a description of a system’s structure in a formal language
supported by the database management system, and it refers to data organization as a
blueprint for how a db is built.
46. Which of the following key is required in to handle the data when the encryption is
applied to the data so that the unauthorised user cannot access the data?
a) Primary key
b) Authorised key
c) Encryption key
d) Decryption key
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The encryption key is used to encrypt the message. Even if the message is
intercepted by an enemy, the enemy will be unable to decrypt and interpret the message
because he lacks the key.
47. Which of the following is known as the process of viewing cross-tab with a fixed
value of one attribute?
a) Dicing
b) Pivoting
c) Slicing
d) Both Pivoting and Dicing
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Slice procedure takes one dimension from a cube and turns it into a new
sub-cube. Dice takes two or more dimensions from a cube and creates a new sub-cube
from them.
48. For designing a normal RDBMS which of the following normal form is considered
adequate?
a) 4NF
b) 3NF
c) 2NF
d) 5NF
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Because most 3NF tables are free of insertion, update, and deletion
anomalies, an RDBMS table is sometimes regarded as “normalized” if it is in the Third
Normal Form.
49. Which of the following is popular for applications such as storage of log files in a
database management system since it offers the best write performance?
a) RAID level 0
b) RAID level 1
c) RAID level 2
d) RAID level 3
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: RAID level 0 refers to data stripping. RAID level 1 refers to disk mirroring
with block striping. RAID level 2 refers to bit-level stripping and RAID level 3 refers to
byte-level striping with dedicated parity.
50. Which of the following represents a query in the tuple relational calculus?
a) { }{P(t) | t }
b) {t | P(t)}
c) t | P() | t
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A nonprocedural query language is the tuple relational calculus. It specifies
the needed information but does not provide a detailed strategy for obtaining it.
51. The oldest DB model is _______________
a) Network
b) Physical
c) Hierarchical
d) Relational
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Network model has data stored in a hierarchical network flow. In a
relational DBMS, the data is stored in the form of tables. Hierarchy is obtained by
Parent-Child Relationship
52. Evaluate the statements issued by the DBA in the given sequence if OE and SCOTT
are the users and the ORDERS table is owned by OE.

CREATE ROLE r1;

GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON oe. orders TO r1;
GRANT r1 TO scott;
GRANT SELECT ON oe. orders TO scott;
REVOKE SELECT ON oe.orders FROM scott;

What would be the outcome after executing the statements?

a) The REVOKE statement would give an error because the SELECT privilege has been
granted to the role R1
b) The REVOKE statement would remove the SELECT privilege from SCOTT as well as
from the role R1
c) SCOTT would be able to query the OE.ORDERS table
d) SCOTT would not be able to query the OE.ORDERS table
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: To perform operations on objects, the REVOKE statement is used to
revoke rights from a single user or role, or from all users.
53. Which of the following establishes a top-to-bottom relationship among the items?
a) Relational schema
b) Network schema
c) Hierarchical schema
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: A data model in which the data is structured into a tree-like structure is
known as a hierarchical model. The structure allows information to be represented using
parent-child relationships.
54. A major goal of the db system is to minimize the number of block transfers between
the disk and memory. Which of the following helps in achieving this goal?
a) Secondary storage
b) Storage
c) Catalog
d) Buffer
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Every block has a copy on disc, however, the copy on the disc may be an
earlier version of the block than the version in the buffer.
55. What happens if a piece of data is stored in two places in the db?
a) Storage space is wasted & Changing the data in one spot will cause data
inconsistency
b) In can be more easily accessed
c) Changing the data in one spot will cause data inconsistency
d) Storage space is wasted
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: One of the main features of a database management system is minimum
data duplication and redundancy. Hence, is always consistent and so there is no
duplication.
56. The logical design, and the snapshot of the data at a given instant in time is known
as?
a) Instance & Relation
b) Relation & Schema
c) Domain & Schema
d) Schema & Instance
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Instance is an instance of time, the relation is also known as table consists
of data with similar characteristics, Domain is the collection of values that an attribute
can contain and schema is a representation.
1. The____condition allows a general predicate over the relations being joined.
a) On
b) Using
c) Set
d) Where
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: On gives the condition for the join expression.
2. Which of the join operations do not preserve non matched tuples?
a) Left outer join
b) Right outer join
c) Inner join
d) Natural join
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: INNER JOIN: Returns all rows when there is at least one match in BOTH
tables.
3.SELECT *FROM student JOIN takes USING (ID);

The above query is equivalent to

a)SELECT * FROM student INNER JOIN takes USING (ID);

b)SELECT * FROM student OUTER JOIN takes USING (ID);

c)SELECT * FROM student LEFT OUTER JOIN takes USING (ID);

d) None of the mentioned

View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Join can be replaced by inner join.
4. What type of join is needed when you wish to include rows that do not have matching
values?
a) Equi-join
b) Natural join
c) Outer join
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: An outer join does not require each record in the two joined tables to have
a matching record..
5. How many tables may be included with a join?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Join can combine multiple tables.
6. Which are the join types in join condition:
a) Cross join
b) Natural join
c) Join with USING clause
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: There are totally four join types in SQL.
7. How many join types in join condition:
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Types are inner join, left outer join, right outer join, full join, cross join.
8. Which join refers to join records from the right table that have no matching key in the
left table are include in the result set:
a) Left outer join
b) Right outer join
c) Full outer join
d) Half outer join
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: RIGHT OUTER JOIN: Return all rows from the right table and the matched
rows from the left table.
9. The operation which is not considered a basic operation of relational algebra is
a) Join
b) Selection
c) Union
d) Cross product
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
10. In SQL the statement select * from R, S is equivalent to
a) Select * from R natural join S
b) Select * from R cross join S
c) Select * from R union join S
d) Select * from R inner join S
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: None.
1. Consider money is transferred from (1)account-A to account-B and (2) account-B to
account-A. Which of the following form a transaction?
a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 and 2 individually
d) Either 1 or 2
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The term transaction refers to a collection of operations that form a single
logical unit of work.
2. A transaction is delimited by statements (or function calls) of the form __________
a) Begin transaction and end transaction
b) Start transaction and stop transaction
c) Get transaction and post transaction
d) Read transaction and write transaction
View Answer
3. Identify the characteristics of transactions
a) Atomicity
b) Durability
c) Isolation
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Because of the above three properties, transactions are an ideal way of
structuring interaction with a database.
Subscribe Now: DBMS Newsletter | Important Subjects Newsletters
advertisement
4. Which of the following has “all-or-none” property?
a) Atomicity
b) Durability
c) Isolation
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Either all operations of the transaction are reflected properly in the
database, or none are.
5. The database system must take special actions to ensure that transactions operate
properly without interference from concurrently executing database statements. This
property is referred to as
a) Atomicity
b) Durability
c) Isolation
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Even though multiple transactions may execute concurrently, the system
guarantees that, for every pair of transactions Ti and Tj, it appears to Ti that either Tj
finished execution before Ti started or Tj started execution after Ti finished.
Participate in Database Management System Certification Contest of the Month
Now!
6. The property of a transaction that persists all the crashes is
a) Atomicity
b) Durability
c) Isolation
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: After a transaction completes successfully, the changes it has made to the
database persist, even if there are system failures.
7. __________ states that only valid data will be written to the database.
a) Consistency
b) Atomicity
c) Durability
d) Isolation
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If for some reason, a transaction is executed that violates the database’s
consistency rules, the entire transaction will be rolled back and the database will be
restored to a state consistent with those rules.
8. Transaction processing is associated with everything below except
a) Producing detail summary or exception reports
b) Recording a business activity
c) Confirming an action or triggering a response
d) Maintaining a data
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Collections of operations that form a single logical unit of work are called
transactions.
9. The Oracle RDBMS uses the ____ statement to declare a new transaction start and
its properties.
a) BEGIN
b) SET TRANSACTION
c) BEGIN TRANSACTION
d) COMMIT
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Commit is used to store all the transactions.
10. ____ means that the data used during the execution of a transaction cannot be used
by a second transaction until the first one is completed.
a) Consistency
b) Atomicity
c) Durability
d) Isolation
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Even though multiple transactions may execute concurrently, the system
guarantees that, for every pair of transactions Ti and Tj, it appears to Ti that either Tj
finished execution before Ti started or Tj started execution after Ti finished.

1. The log is a sequence of _________ recording all the update activities in the
database.
a) Log records
b) Records
c) Entries
d) Redo
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The most widely used structure for recording database modifications is the
log.
2. In the ___________ scheme, a transaction that wants to update the database first
creates a complete copy of the database.
a) Shadow copy
b) Shadow Paging
c) Update log records
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If at any point the transaction has to be aborted, the system merely deletes
the new copy. The old copy of the database has not been affected.
3. The ____________ scheme uses a page table containing pointers to all pages; the
page table itself and all updated pages are copied to a new location.
a) Shadow copy
b) Shadow Paging
c) Update log records
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Any page which is not updated by a transaction is not copied, but instead
the new page table just stores a pointer to the original page.

4. The current copy of the database is identified by a pointer, called ____________

which is stored on disk.
a) Db-pointer
b) Update log
c) Update log records
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Any page which is not updated by a transaction is not copied, but instead
the new page table just stores a pointer to the original page.
5. If a transaction does not modify the database until it has committed, it is said to use
the ___________ technique.
a) Deferred-modification
b) Late-modification
c) Immediate-modification
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Deferred modification has the overhead that transactions need to make
local copies of all updated data items; further, if a transaction reads a data item that it
has updated, it must read the value from its local copy.

6. If database modifications occur while the transaction is still active, the transaction is
said to use the ___________technique.
a) Deferred-modification
b) Late-modification
c) Immediate-modification
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: We say a transaction modifies the database if it performs an update on a
disk buffer, or on the disk itself; updates to the private part of main memory do not count
as database modifications.
7. ____________ using a log record sets the data item specified in the log record to the
old value.
a) Deferred-modification
b) Late-modification
c) Immediate-modification
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Undo brings the previous contents.
8. In the __________ phase, the system replays updates of all transactions by scanning
the log forward from the last checkpoint.
a) Repeating
b) Redo
c) Replay
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Undo brings the previous contents.
9. The actions which are played in the order while recording it is called ______________
history.
a) Repeating
b) Redo
c) Replay
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Undo brings the previous contents.
10. A special redo-only log record < Ti, Xj, V1> is written to the log, where V1 is the
value being restored to data item Xj during the rollback. These log records are
sometimes called
a) Log records
b) Records
c) Compensation log records
d) Compensation redo records
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Such records do not need undo information since we never need to undo
such an undo operation.
1. The language used application programs to request data from the DBMS is referred to
as __________
a) DML
b) DDL
c) Query language
d) All of the Mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements are used for managing
data in database. DML commands are not auto-committed. It means changes made by
DML command are not permanent to database, it can be rolled back.
2. In SQL, which of the following is not a data Manipulation Language Commands?
a) Delete
b) Truncate
c) Update
d) Create
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The SQL TRUNCATE TABLE command is used to delete complete data
from an existing table.You can also use DROP TABLE command to delete complete
table but it would remove complete table structure form the database and you would
need to re-create this table once again if you wish you store some data.
3. Which of the following is not a type of SQL statement?
a) Data Manipulation Language (DML)
b) Data Definition Language (DDL)
c) Data Control Language (DCL)
d) Data Communication Language (DCL)
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Data Communication Language (DCL) is not a type of SQL statement.
4. Which of the following is not included in DML (Data Manipulation Language)
a) INSERT
b) UPDATE
c) DELETE
d) CREATE
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in a
database.Tables are organized into rows and columns; and each table must have a
name.
5. TRUNCATE statement in SQL is a –
a) DML statement
b) DDL statement
c) DCL statement
d) TCL statement
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The SQL TRUNCATE TABLE command is used to delete complete data
from an existing table.so its a DDL statement.

6. In SQL, which command is used to add new rows to a table?

a) Alter Table
b) Add row
c) Insert
d) Append
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Alter Table will change the structure of the table.
7. Stack is also called __________
a) First In First Out (LIFO)
b) Last In First Out (FIFO)
c) First In Last Out (FILO)
d) First Come First Served (FCFS)
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Stack works on the First In Last Out.
8. A table that displays data redundancies yields ____________ anomalies.
a) Update
b) Insertion
c) Deletion
d) All of the Mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Table that displays data redundancies yields update, insertion, deletion
anomalies.
9. A type of query that is placed within a WHERE or HAVING clause of another query is
called
a) Master query
b) Sub query
c) Super query
d) Multi-query
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Sub-query that is placed within a WHERE or HAVING clause of another
query.
10. The three language components of a database management system (DBMS) like
DDL, DCL, DML.
Two different types of people (users and practitioners) are concerned with them. Which
of them do users of a DBMS usually deal with?
a) DDL
b) DML
c) DDL and DCL
d) DCL and DML
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The users and practitioners are concerned with only Data manipulation
language component of DBMS.

1. The log is a sequence of _________ recording all the update activities in the
database.
a) Log records
b) Records
c) Entries
d) Redo
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The most widely used structure for recording database modifications is the
log.
2. In the ___________ scheme, a transaction that wants to update the database first
creates a complete copy of the database.
a) Shadow copy
b) Shadow Paging
c) Update log records
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If at any point the transaction has to be aborted, the system merely deletes
the new copy. The old copy of the database has not been affected.
3. The ____________ scheme uses a page table containing pointers to all pages; the
page table itself and all updated pages are copied to a new location.
a) Shadow copy
b) Shadow Paging
c) Update log records
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Any page which is not updated by a transaction is not copied, but instead
the new page table just stores a pointer to the original page.
Subscribe Now: DBMS Newsletter | Important Subjects Newsletters
advertisement

4. The current copy of the database is identified by a pointer, called ____________

which is stored on disk.
a) Db-pointer
b) Update log
c) Update log records
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Any page which is not updated by a transaction is not copied, but instead
the new page table just stores a pointer to the original page.
5. If a transaction does not modify the database until it has committed, it is said to use
the ___________ technique.
a) Deferred-modification
b) Late-modification
c) Immediate-modification
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Deferred modification has the overhead that transactions need to make
local copies of all updated data items; further, if a transaction reads a data item that it
has updated, it must read the value from its local copy.
Get Free Certificate of Merit in Database Management System Now!
6. If database modifications occur while the transaction is still active, the transaction is
said to use the ___________technique.
a) Deferred-modification
b) Late-modification
c) Immediate-modification
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: We say a transaction modifies the database if it performs an update on a
disk buffer, or on the disk itself; updates to the private part of main memory do not count
as database modifications.
7. ____________ using a log record sets the data item specified in the log record to the
old value.
a) Deferred-modification
b) Late-modification
c) Immediate-modification
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Undo brings the previous contents.
8. In the __________ phase, the system replays updates of all transactions by scanning
the log forward from the last checkpoint.
a) Repeating
b) Redo
c) Replay
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Undo brings the previous contents.
9. The actions which are played in the order while recording it is called ______________
history.
a) Repeating
b) Redo
c) Replay
d) Undo
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Undo brings the previous contents.
10. A special redo-only log record < Ti, Xj, V1> is written to the log, where V1 is the
value being restored to data item Xj during the rollback. These log records are
sometimes called
a) Log records
b) Records
c) Compensation log records
d) Compensation redo records
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Such records do not need undo information since we never need to undo
such an undo operation.