IoT

Internet of Things
Lecture #3
What is IoT
• Physical objects (or groups of such objects) with sensors, processing
ability, software, and other technologies that connect and exchange
data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other
communications networks
• Due to development of:
• Computers
• Sensors
• Embedded systems
• Machine learning
IoT based energy management
• Achieving energy efficiency by using IoT
• Process automation
• Operational efficiency
• Savings
• Improved security
Benefit of IoT (1)
• Reduce energy spending (Economic benefit)
• Smart metering
• Real-time power usage monitoring
• Data driven prediction
• Better control on spending and investment
• Eliminate waste
• Minimize carbon emission
• Integration of IoT energy consumption and management software to optimize
the use of resources, measure and analyze environmental impact, and build
future-oriented strategies focused on net zero goals
Benefit of IoT (2)
• Better comply with regulations
• Use analytics tools to see how they comply with current environmental
regulations
• The tools can show if customers qualify for industry certifications, incentives
and programs
• Integrate green energy
• Transition towards green energy is inevitable
• Using energy monitoring sensors, performance and power consumption data,
utilities can maximize the use of renewables in their services and adopt
energy conservation strategies
Benefit of IoT (3)
• Optimize asset maintenance
• Sensors and data analytics can be used to monitor the condition and
performance of machinery and equipment on power plants and distribution
networks including the adoption of IoT in renewable energy sector (solar
fields, dams, wind farms, etc.)
• Automate process
• Producers can automate costly on-site asset management and improve
maintenance operations
• Utilities rely on power consumption data to automate dynamic pricing
calculation
Benefit of IoT (4)
• Cut operational expenses
• Optimized workforce and effective asset maintenance lead to a significant
decrease in operational expenses
• Estimated to cut down on 90% of time and effort spent on energy analysis,
reporting and calculation
• Predict consumption and spending and plan accordingly
• Energy management with IoT data + machine learning algorithms = energy
consumption prediction
• Effective strategy for energy conservation using IoT data and machine
intelligence can be determined
Benefit of IoT (5)
• Identify malfunctions and prevent them
• Use predictive algorithms is to identify possible issues in operations even
before they happen and take preventive actions instead of dealing with real
damage
• Use predictive algorithms is to identify possible issues in operations even
before they happen and take preventive actions instead of dealing with real
damage
• Effectively address outages and accidents
• In cases of accidents or blackouts by natural causes, smart analytics systems
are still widely used to minimize damage and resolve issues.
• Using sensor data, operators can locate the problem, find out how severe the
damage is and create an effective repair plan
Applications of IoT energy-saving technologies
• Smart light, temperature, air condition control
• Energy management systems
• Green energy solutions
• Energy storage
• Connected stations, plants, solar and wind fields
Simple examples of “energy saving plan” from
computers
(1) Task scheduler on PC for PC shutdown
• The Task Scheduler is a tool included with Windows that allows
predefined actions to be automatically executed whenever a certain
set of conditions is met. For example, you can schedule a task to run a
backup script every night, or send you an e-mail whenever a certain
system event occurs.
• On Linux machine:
• shutdown –h now
• shutdown –h now + 2 hours
• shutdown –h now + 15 minutes
(2) Remote login and shutdown
• Secure Shell (SSH)
• Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
• Utilize IP address, username, password of remote computer
• Example
• ssh root@server2 "/sbin/shutdown -h now"
(3) Advanced scripting
• Through batch file (.bat) or shell script (.sh)
• To be run on remote computer
• For more accurate execution
• For example:
• Wait for the computer to complete the calculation
• Every 1 minute check if the output file has been generated
• If the output file exists:
• Send email to the user saying that the calculation has been completed
and output file has been created
• Shutdown the computer
Simple software and hardware utilization
Webcam recording automation
• Software : Python (Anaconda)
• https://www.anaconda.com/
• Hardware : Webcam
• Cheap one, purchased online
import subprocess, json

out = subprocess.getoutput("PowerShell -Command \"& {Get-PnpDevice | Select-Object

Status,Class,FriendlyName,InstanceId | ConvertTo-Json}\"")
j = json.loads(out) Python programming language
for dev in j:
print(dev['FriendlyName'],dev['InstanceId’])

Output
import usb.core
import usb.backend.libusb1

dev = usb.core.find(idVendor=0x1B3F,idProduct=0x4167)
Python programming language
print(dev)

Output
import cv2

cap = cv2.VideoCapture(1) Python programming language

while(1):
ret,frame = cap.read()
cv2.imshow('frame',frame)
if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
break

cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
import cv2
import time

codec = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*'XVID')
output = cv2.VideoWriter('CAPTURE.avi', codec, 30, (640, 480))

strtm = "08:44:00"
endtm = "08:44:10"

myCond = True
while myCond:
tmstr = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
if tmstr == strtm:
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(1)
Python programming language
while(1):
tmend = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
ret,frame = cap.read()
cv2.imshow('MY WEBCAM CAPTURE',frame)
if tmend == endtm:
myCond = False
break
elif cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
myCond = False
break
else:
output.write(frame)

cap.release()
output.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
IoT example : MTE student final project
Data stored in cloud and reviewed from anywhere
IoT example : Sensor gerak
https://www.youtube.com/embed/UCNkDr4Jkho?start=5
IoT example : Smart metering
https://www.youtube.com/embed/FVGvR9qlEc8?start=5
IoT example : Smart energy management
https://www.youtube.com/embed/a7W8OYUH0ZM?start=5