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Zigbee 12

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Helen Lemma
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4 views16 pages

Zigbee 12

Uploaded by

Helen Lemma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADAMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

School of Eletrical and computing


Department: electronics and communication
engineering
group memeber Id
1.Fraol Tilaye
2.Gada Tamasgen
3.Hailemeskel Zewde ugr/22958/13
4.Hayat Alewi Nassir
5.Helen Lema Megersa
ZIGBEE
content outline
Introduction
operating frequency band and modulation
multiple access and transmit power
zigbee antenna types and application
zigbee achitecture
standard of zigbee and physical layer

Zigbee coverage and application


Introduction
introduction

Zigbee is a wireless communication protocol


designed for low-power, low-data-rate IoT
applications. Operating mainly in the 2.4 GHz
band, it supports mesh networking, enabling
devices to relay data over multiple nodes for
greater range and reliability. With its focus on
energy efficiency, Zigbee is ideal for battery-
operated devices needing long lifespans.
operating frequency of zigbee

Zigbee is a low-power, wireless communication protocol


designed for short-range, low-data-rate IoT
applications. It uses a mesh network topology for
reliability, low power consumption for long-lasting
battery life, and supports data rates between 20-250
kbps, ideal for simple IoT data like sensor readings.
Operating primarily in the 2.4 GHz band, Zigbee
networks cover up to 100 meters and consist of
coordinators, routers, and end devices.
modulation

Zigbee uses different modulation techniques based on the


operating frequency band:
1. 2.4 GHz: Uses O-QPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
with DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum), which provides
resilience to interference and supports a data rate up to 250 kbps.
2. 915 MHz: Employs BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) with DSSS,
offering a data rate up to 40 kbps.
3. 868 MHz: Also uses BPSK with DSSS, with a data rate up to 20
kbps.
multiple acess

CSMA-CA: Nodes check the channel for activity before


transmitting. If the channel is clear, the device transmits; if not, it
waits and retries. This helps minimize collisions and is well-suited
for Zigbee’s low-power, low-data-rate communication.

TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) (optional): In some cases,


Zigbee networks may use TDMA in synchronized or scheduled
communication, especially in time-sensitive applications like
industrial IoT.
transmit power
Zigbee typically operates with a transmit (Tx) power ranging from -30
dBm to +20 dBm

Zigbee devices typically use a low default Tx power around 0


dBm (1 mW) to conserve battery life and minimize interference.
Some devices allow for adjustable Tx power levels, with a max
of +20 dBm (100 mW), which can extend range but may reduce
battery longevity and increase interference. Balancing Tx power
is key for optimizing both range and energy efficiency in Zigbee
networks.
zigbee type antenna

Zigbee antenna types:


PCB Antenna: Compact, low-cost, for short range.
Chip Antenna: Small, moderate range, fits compact devices.
Dipole Antenna: Better range, used where strong signal is
needed
Monopole Antenna: Simple, moderate range, cost-effective.
Patch Antenna: Flat, directional, ideal for fixed applications.
Zigbee architecture
Coordinator: The primary device in a Zigbee network,
responsible for initializing the network, assigning
addresses, managing network security, and storing
network information.
Router: Intermediate devices that help extend the
network's range by forwarding data between other
devices.
End Device: These devices are typically battery-operated
and have minimal functionality.
Standards
• IEEE 802.15.4: Defines the PHY and MAC layers, which provide
the foundation for Zigbee's low-power and low-data-rate
transmission.
• Zigbee Alliance Specifications: Define higher-layer protocols,
including network and application layers, adding features for
security, device discovery, and application profiles that ensure
interoperability among Zigbee devices from different
manufacturers.
Zigbee algorithm networks use CSMA/CA to manage transmissions,
avoiding collisions without strict scheduling.
zigbee coverage:
Zigbee networks cover up to 100 meters ind
oors and more outdoors, especially when mesh networking extends the
range by using multiple devices to relay data. Single-link distances vary
from 10 to 100 meters depending on conditions.
Physical layer of zigbee:
PHY Layer Standard: Based on IEEE 802.15.4.
Frequency Bands:
• 2.4 GHz (250 kbps globally),
• 915 MHz (40 kbps,
Americas),
• 868 MHz (20 kbps, Europe).
zigbee Smart Home: Lighting, security and
01
application appliance control.

Industrial IoT: Monitoring, automation,


02 and predictive maintenance.

03 Energy Management: Smart meters, grid


monitoring, and energy efficiency.

Healthcare: Patient monitoring, wearable


04 devices, and medical alerts.

Agriculture: Soil monitoring, irrigation


05 control, and crop management.
Thank
You

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