Writing as an Ongoing Conversation: A Closing Theory of Writing​

Kevin Chris Carpio​

Introduction

This essay is both a reflection on what I have learned and a guide for how I intend to

improve. It emphasizes writing as not merely a static act but a dynamic process where ideas are

constantly evolving, connecting, and engaging with broader contexts and audiences. Rather than

viewing a piece of writing as a self-contained artifact, this theory positions it as part of a larger

dialogue, emphasizing the interconnectedness of thought and communication. A closing theory

of writing rooted in this concept focuses on three key elements: connecting to the bigger picture,

encouraging reflection, and maintaining momentum. By examining these elements, we can

understand how this theory shapes effective and meaningful conclusions, fostering deeper

engagement and continued intellectual growth.

Writing as a Part of an Ongoing Dialogue

Kenneth Burke’s metaphor of the “unending conversation,” presented in his Philosophy

of Literary Form, provides a foundation for this theory. Burke likens writing to entering a parlor

where a discussion is already in progress. You listen for a while, contribute your perspective, and

then leave, knowing the conversation will persist in your absence. This idea underscores the

collaborative and iterative nature of writing, where individual contributions build on existing

ideas and pave the way for future exploration.

In this context, a closing theory of writing serves as an invitation for readers to continue

engaging with the ideas presented. The conclusion is not a definitive endpoint but a stepping

stone, connecting the writer’s thoughts to the broader discourse. This perspective shifts the role

of the conclusion from simply summarizing arguments to actively engaging readers in ongoing

reflection and action.

Connecting to the Bigger Picture

One of the primary functions of a strong closing theory is to link the specific discussion

of the text to broader contexts or implications. This connection can take many forms: addressing

societal issues, exploring philosophical questions, or considering practical applications. By

situating the discussion within a larger framework, the conclusion adds depth and significance to

the writing, encouraging readers to think beyond the immediate scope of the text.

For example, in Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” the conclusion

transcends the specific context of the civil rights movement, addressing universal themes of

justice, morality, and the human condition. King’s closing remarks resonate not only with his

immediate audience but with future generations, emphasizing the enduring relevance of his

message. This ability to connect the particular to the universal is a hallmark of the ongoing

conversation theory, demonstrating how a well-crafted conclusion can extend the life and impact

of a piece of writing.
Writing as an Ongoing Conversation: A Closing Theory of Writing​
Kevin Chris Carpio​
Professor Sunshine​
WRT 200​
12/08/2024

Encouraging Reflection

Reflection is a cornerstone of the ongoing conversation theory, both for writers and

readers. A strong conclusion invites readers to consider the implications of the arguments

presented, prompting them to explore their own perspectives and beliefs. This reflective process

is not passive; it demands active engagement, encouraging readers to question assumptions, draw

connections, and envision possibilities.

From the writer’s perspective, crafting a reflective conclusion requires careful

consideration of the audience’s needs and expectations. By posing thought-provoking questions,

offering nuanced insights, or suggesting avenues for further exploration, the writer creates a

space for intellectual growth and dialogue. This approach aligns with Paulo Freire’s concept of

critical pedagogy, which emphasizes education as a collaborative process of inquiry and

transformation. In the context of writing, the conclusion becomes a site of mutual discovery,

where writer and reader collaborate in the pursuit of understanding.

Maintaining Momentum

Unlike traditional conclusions that seek to “wrap up” an argument, the ongoing

conversation theory emphasizes maintaining momentum. This involves crafting a conclusion that

leaves readers with a sense of curiosity and inspiration, compelling them to engage further with

the ideas presented. By framing the conclusion as a beginning rather than an end, the writer
Writing as an Ongoing Conversation: A Closing Theory of Writing​
Kevin Chris Carpio​
Professor Sunshine​
WRT 200​
12/08/2024

encourages readers to take action, whether through continued research, discussion, or personal

reflection.

One effective strategy for maintaining momentum is to end with a call to action or a

provocative statement. This technique is particularly effective in persuasive and argumentative

writing, where the goal is to inspire change or advocate for a cause. For instance, climate activist

Greta Thunberg often concludes her speeches with urgent appeals to her audience, reinforcing

the immediacy and importance of her message. Similarly, academic writers can use their

conclusions to highlight unresolved questions or propose new areas of inquiry, signaling that the

conversation is far from over.

The Role of Clarity and Complexity

Balancing clarity and complexity is essential in implementing an ongoing conversation

theory of writing. While the conclusion should provide a clear and accessible summary of the

main arguments, it must also acknowledge the complexity of the issues discussed. This balance

ensures that the conclusion is both intellectually rigorous and engaging, appealing to a diverse

audience.

Achieving this balance requires thoughtful word choice, logical transitions, and a

nuanced understanding of the subject matter. For example, a scientific article might conclude by

summarizing key findings while also acknowledging limitations and suggesting directions for
Writing as an Ongoing Conversation: A Closing Theory of Writing​
Kevin Chris Carpio​
Professor Sunshine​
WRT 200​
12/08/2024

future research. This approach not only reinforces the validity of the research but also invites

collaboration and innovation, reflecting the iterative nature of scientific inquiry.

Collaborative and Social Dimensions of Writing

The ongoing conversation theory emphasizes the collaborative nature of writing, where

feedback and interaction play a crucial role in shaping ideas. This collaborative process extends

to the conclusion, which often incorporates insights gained through dialogue with peers,

instructors, or readers. By engaging with diverse perspectives, the writer can create a conclusion

that resonates with a broader audience, reflecting the collective nature of knowledge production.

This social dimension of writing aligns with Vygotsky’s social learning theory, which

highlights the role of interaction in cognitive development. In the context of writing, the

conclusion becomes a site of shared understanding, where the writer synthesizes multiple

viewpoints to create a cohesive and impactful message. This process not only enhances the

quality of the writing but also reinforces the idea that writing is a communal, iterative endeavor.

Practical Applications of the Theory

The ongoing conversation theory has practical implications for writers across genres and

disciplines. In academic writing, it encourages students to view their work as part of a larger

scholarly dialogue, fostering a sense of intellectual curiosity and responsibility. In creative

writing, it inspires authors to craft endings that linger in the reader’s mind, sparking imagination
Writing as an Ongoing Conversation: A Closing Theory of Writing​
Kevin Chris Carpio​
Professor Sunshine​
WRT 200​
12/08/2024

and emotion. In professional contexts, it emphasizes the importance of adaptability and audience

awareness, guiding writers to craft conclusions that align with the goals and expectations of their

intended audience.

For educators, this theory provides a framework for teaching writing as a dynamic and

reflective process. By encouraging students to view conclusions as opportunities for engagement

and exploration, educators can help them develop critical thinking skills and a deeper

appreciation for the power of writing. This approach aligns with contemporary pedagogical

practices that prioritize active learning and student-centered instruction, creating a more

inclusive and empowering educational experience.

Conclusion

The ongoing conversation theory of writing offers a transformative approach to crafting

conclusions, emphasizing connection, reflection, and momentum. By situating writing within a

larger dialogue, this theory challenges traditional notions of closure, inviting readers and writers

to engage in a continuous process of inquiry and discovery. Whether in academic, creative, or

professional contexts, this theory provides a powerful framework for creating meaningful and

impactful writing that transcends the boundaries of the text. As we embrace writing as an

evolving and collaborative endeavor, the closing theory of writing reminds us that every

conclusion is also a new beginning, a catalyst for thought, action, and connection.