Unit 3 Summative Assessment Review Guide KEY NAME:

1. Technology required.
A study investigated the relationship between the amount of daily food waste measured in pounds
and the number of people in a household. The data in the table displays the results of the study.

number of food waste Use graphing technology to create the line of best fit for the data
people in (pounds), 𝑦
in the table.
household, 𝑥
2 3.4 a. What is the equation of the line of best fit for this data?
Round numbers to two decimal places.
3 2.5
4 8.9
4 4.7 b. What is the slope of the line of best fit? What does it
4 3.5 mean in this situation? Is this realistic?
4 4
5 5.3
5 4.6
c. What is the 𝑦-intercept of the line of best fit? What does
5 7.8 it mean in this situation? Is this realistic?
6 3.2
8 12
2. A table of values and the plot of the residuals for the line of best fit are shown.

𝑥 𝑦 a. Which point does the line estimate

1 10 the best?
2 8
2.5 9.5
b. Which point does the line estimate
4 8 the worst?
5 8
6 7.5
7.2 7
8.5 6

3. Tyler creates a scatter plot that displays the relationship between the grams of food a hamster eats,
𝑥, and the total number of rotations that the hamster’s wheel makes, 𝑦. Tyler creates a line of best fit
and finds that the residual for the point (1.4,1250) is -132. The point (1.2,1364) has a residual of
117. Interpret the meaning of 117 in the context of the problem.
4. A researcher creates a scatter plot that displays the relationship between the number of years in
business, 𝑥, and the percentage of company business that is fair trade, 𝑦. The researcher creates a
line of best fit, 𝑦 = 0.091𝑥 + 0.060, and wants to find the residuals for the companies that have been
in business for 3 years.
a. Find the residuals for the two points representing companies that have been in business for 3
years, (3,0.42) and (3,0.3).

b. Compare the residuals for the two companies who have been in business for 3 years. How are
they different? How are they similar? What does the information about the residuals for the
two companies tell you about their fair trade business?

5. The correlation coefficient, 𝑟, is given for several different linear models for a data set. Which value
for 𝑟 indicates the worst fit for the data?
a. 0.01 b. 0.5 c. -0.99 d. 1

A. 0.01

6. Which of the following is the best estimate of the correlation coefficient for the line of best fit shown
in the scatter plot?

a. -0.9 B. -0.4
b. -0.4
c. 0.4
d. 0.9
7. A group of 125 college students are surveyed about their note taking and study habits. Some results
are represented in the table.

prefer writing notes by prefer typing don't take notes

hand notes
study for less than 1 hour 22 8
study for 1 hour or more 38 28 3
How many students prefer typing notes and study for less than 1 hour?
ANSWER: 26

8. The number of miles driven, 𝑥, and the number of gallons remaining in the gas tank, 𝑦, have a strong
negative relationship.
Explain what it means to have a strong negative relationship in this context.

9. Technology required. Use a graphing calculator to answer the questions.

𝑥 𝑦
a. What is an equation of the line of best fit?
10.2 31
10.4 27
10.5 29 b. What is the value of the correlation coefficient?
10.5 30 What does this tell you?
10.5 31
10.6 26
10.8 25
10.8 26
10.9 27
11 24
11.2 22
10. Technology required.
Data about the outside temperature and gas used for heating a building are given in the table.

temperature gas usage Use a graphing calculator to create the line of best fit for the data.
(deg F) 𝑥 (therms) 𝑦
a. What is the equation of the line of best fit for this data?
58 5,686 Round numbers to the nearest whole number.
62 7,373
64 5,805
67 5,636
b. What is the slope of the line of best fit? What does it mean
70 3,782 in this situation?
73 3,976
74 3,351
74 3,396
c. What does the line of best fit estimate for gas usage when
75 2,936
the outside temperature is 59 degrees Fahrenheit?
73 3,078
65 4,549
59 7,022
58 6,106
d. How does the actual gas usage compare to the estimated
62 4,566 gas usage when the outside temperature is 59 degrees
64 4,608 Fahrenheit?
67 5,790
70 6,501
73 3,843
11. A seed is planted in a glass pot and its height is measured in centimeters every day.

The best fit line is given by the equation 𝑦 = 0.404𝑥 − 5.18,

where 𝑦 represents the height of the plant above ground level,
and 𝑥 represents the number of days since it first sprouted.
a. What is the slope of the best fit line? What does the slope of the
line mean in this situation? Is it reasonable?

b. What is the 𝑦-intercept of the best fit line? What does the 𝑦-
intercept of the line mean in this situation? Is it reasonable?

12. At a restaurant, the total bill and the percentage of the bill left as a tip is represented in the scatter
plot.

The best fit line is represented by the equation 𝑦 = −0.632𝑥 +

27.1, where 𝑥 represents the total bill in dollars, and 𝑦
represents the percentage of the bill left as a tip.
a. What does the best fit line estimate for the percentage
of the bill left as a tip when the bill is $15? Is this reasonable?

b. What does the best fit line predict for the percentage of
the bill left as a tip when the bill is $50? Is this reasonable?
13. A recent study investigated the amount of battery life remaining in alkaline batteries of different
ages. The scatter-plot shows this relationship between the different alkaline batteries tested.

The scatter plot includes a point at (7,15). Describe the

meaning of this point in this situation.

14. Data is collected about the number of wins and losses by a random sample of teams with an animal
mascot and those with another kind of mascot. The column relative frequencies are shown in the
table. Based on the information in the table, is there an association between the variables? Explain
your reasoning.
animal other type of
mascot mascot
wins 74% 49%
losses 26% 51%

15. A random selection of indoor and outdoor pool managers are surveyed about the number of people
in each age group that swim there. Results from the survey are displayed in the two-way table. Based
on the data, does there appear to be an association between pool type and age group? Explain your
reasoning.

outdoor pool indoor pool

younger than 18 317 41
18 or older 352 163
16. Data from a random sample of people are collected about how they watch movies in the genres of
action or mystery. Which value would best fit in the missing cell to suggest there is no association
between the genre and how the movies are watched?

streaming movies disc rental

action 526 147
mystery 317

a. 19 b. 89 c. 147 d. 320

ANSWER: B. 89

17. A survey is given to 1,432 people about whether they take daily supplemental vitamins and whether
they eat breakfast on a regular basis. The results are shown in the table.
take daily vitamins no daily vitamins
eat breakfast 384 476
no breakfast 268 304
Create a relative frequency table that shows the percentage of the entire group that is in each cell.
18. Several college students are surveyed about their college location and preferred locations for a
spring break trip.

bike run
summer 108 212
winter 98
college near the coast college away from the coast
beach break 37 54
ski break 24 36
a. What percentage of people who prefer to spend spring break at the beach go to a college
away from the coast?

b. What percentage of people who prefer to spend spring break skiing go to a college away from
the coast?

19. A group of people are surveyed about whether they prefer to bike or run to exercise, and whether
they prefer summer or winter weather. The results are in the table.
What value could go in the blank cell so that the percentage of people who like to bike and also
prefer winter weather is 10%?

20. Many adults are selected at random to respond to a survey about their favorite season and whether
they have allergies or not. The two-way table summarizes the results from the survey.
allergies no allergies
winter 43 21
spring 12 13
summer 35 33
fall 33 35
a. Which season is the least popular in this group?

b. How many more people have allergies than people without allergies in this group?

c. How many people were surveyed in this group?

21. A random sample of people are asked about their preferences regarding home decoration and their
interest in fashion. Complete the two-way table so it has the characteristics listed.
– 150 people responded to the survey.
– 70% of the responders do not pay attention to fashion.
– 33 of the responders who prefer neutral decorations also do not pay attention to fashion.
– 20 of the responders who pay attention to fashion also prefer colorful decorations in their
home.
prefer colorful decorations prefer neutral decorations
pay attention to fashion
do not pay attention to fashion

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