PSD5_240219_231818

Date of performance:13/2/2024 NAME: A.
GANESH
Date of submission:20/2/2024 PIN NO. :2205A21L64
AIM: To Create a simulation model for a single-phase fully controlled rectifier

of 230V, 50Hz frequency and having motor parameters as 230V,650 RPM,
armature circuit resistance of 0.08 ohms and 8mH and Torque of 1000 N-m.
Calculate and determine the output average voltage for a firing angle (α)
Note: Firing angle "α" for 30 degrees
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL NO. NAME OF THE NO OF BLOCKS
BLOCK REQUIRED
1 Dc voltage source 1
2 Gain 1
3 Constant 1
4 DC Machine 1
5 Bus selector 1
6 Thyristor 4
7 AC voltage source 1
(230V)
8 Display 3
9 Pulse generators 4
10 Scope 2
11 Current 2
measurement
12 Voltage 2
measurement
13 Power Gui 1
Date of performance:13/2/2024 NAME: A. GANESH
THEORY:
Thyristors are used in a single-phase fully regulated rectifier to convert
alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
Because both the positive and negative halves of the ac supply are used in
single phase full wave-controlled rectifiers (or converters), the effective value
of the dc voltage is higher and the ripple content is lower than in halfwave
rectifiers. Two fundamental Single Phase Full Wave Controlled Rectifier designs
exist. They are categorized according to the kind of configuration that is
utilized, such as bridge and midpoint converters. Thyristors can be used in
place of some or all of the diodes in full wave rectifiers. The essential elements
are:
1. Thyristors (SCRs): These semiconductor devices control the current flow by
turning on at specific firing angles (α).
2. Supply Voltage: In our case, it’s 230V AC at 50Hz.
3. Motor parameters: 230V,650 RPM and Armature circuit resistance of 0.08
ohms and 8mH and Torque of 1000 N-m
Operation:
• At α = 0°, the thyristor conducts throughout the AC cycle, resulting in
maximum output voltage.
• As α increases, the conduction angle decreases, reducing the average output
voltage.
• For α = 30°, 60°, and 90°, calculate the average output voltage using the
formula:
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 =2 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 /𝜋* cosα
where (Vmax) is the peak supply voltage.
Understanding the rectifier’s behaviour at different firing angles helps optimize
power conversion efficiency.
FORMULA REQUIRED:
FOR ALPHA: 1. a*(0.02/360) (for T1 and T3)
2. (180+a) *(0.02/360) (for T2 and T4)
PROCEDURE:
1. Start MATLAB 2023 and start a fresh, empty Simulink model.
2. Go to the library and get every block needed for the experiment.
3. Using the specified parts, construct the circuit as it appears in the simulation
model.
4. Define the simulation's parameters, such as the supply voltage, frequency,
and load resistance. For firing angles, use formulas 1 and 2 for T1 and T2,
respectively.
5. To capture the behaviour of a steady state, run the simulation for the
necessary amount of time.
6. To find firing angles, measure the average DC output voltage over the load.
SIMULATION BLOCKS REQUIRED:

Power Gui: A GUI (graphical user interface) is a tool that may be used in
software environments like MATLAB/Simulink to simulate power systems and
analyse their behaviour.
Voltage measurement: the technique of calculating, often in volts, the

electrical potential difference between two locations in an electrical circuit.
Current measurement: the measurement of electric charge flow through a

conductor in an electrical circuit; this charge flow is commonly expressed in
amps (amps).
Scope: Short for oscilloscope, a device used to visually display and analyse the
waveform of electrical signals, such as voltage or current, over time.
Pulse generators: Commonly used in electronic testing and measurement are
devices that generate electrical pulses or square wave signals with regulated
frequency, amplitude, and pulse width.
AC voltage source (230V): a source of electrical energy that generates 230

volts of alternating current (AC), which is commonly utilized to power
equipment and gadgets in areas where 230-volt mains power is available.
Thyristor: a semiconductor that can conduct current in only one way and is
frequently used as a solid-state switch in power control applications. It is
activated by a control signal.
Display: A signal in your model is connected to the Display block, which then
shows the signal's value during simulation.
Bus Selector: The elements you choose by name are extracted from the input
bus hierarchy by the Bus Selector block. The chosen elements can be output by
the block individually or in a new virtual bus.
Dc Machine: A wound-field or permanent magnet DC machine is

implemented using the DC Machine block. You can use the field terminals (F+,
F−) of the wound-field DC machine to make the machine model either shunt-
connected or series-connected. The torque applied to the shaft is provided by
the Simulink® input TL.
Constant: The Constant block generates a real or complex constant value

signal. Use this block to provide a constant signal input. The block generates
scalar, vector, or matrix output, depending on: The dimensionality of the
Constant value parameter. The setting of the Interpret vector parameters as 1-
D parameter
Gain: The input is multiplied by a constant number (gain) using the Gain
block. Each of the input and gain can be a matrix, vector, or scalar. The Gain
parameter allows you to provide the value of the gain. You can specify matrix
or element-wise multiplication using the Multiplication option.
Dc Voltage Source: The DC Voltage Source block is a perfect example of a

voltage source since it has the capacity to sustain a certain voltage across its
terminals regardless of the amount of current passing through it. The Constant
voltage option allows you to select the output voltage, which can be either
positive or negative.
SIMULATION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Fig(1): Circuit diagram
SIMULATION PARAMETERS:
CONVERTER: -
INPUT: SINGLE PHASE
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 230V
FREQUENCY: 50HZ
MOTOR PARAMETERS: 230V, 650 RPM, and armature circuit resistance of 0.08
ohms and 8mH and Torque = 1000 N-m
FIRING ANGLE: 30 DEGREES
AVERAGE VOLTAGE: 179.421 volts
SIMULATION TIME: 0.10 s
Gain: 12 SPEED wm (rad/s): 113 RPM
Armature current ia (A): 31.27A
Electrical Torque Te (n m): 21.24
PARAMETERS:
SI CONSTANT SPPED CURRENT TORQUE

NO. [RPM] [AMPS] [N/M]
1 12 1178 25.67 25.67
2 10 1221 23.97 25.24
3 8 1265 22.28 22.54
4 6 1308 20.58 20.82
5 4 1351 18.88 19.11
FIG (2): SCOPE 1 ( INPUT AND OUTPUT CURRENT AND VOLTAGE

CHARACTERISTICS)
FIG(3): SCOPE 2 (SPEED, ELECTRICAL TORQUE AND ARMATURE CURRENT

CHARACTERISTICS)
SIMULATION RESULT:
HENCE, WE CONCULDE THAT Motor Specifications For The Simulation
Model Are 230V, 650 RPM, Armature Circuit Resistance Of 0.08 Ohms
And 8 Mh, Torque Of 1000 N-M For A Firing Angle Of 30 Degrees, And
Single-Phase 230V, 50Hz Frequency.
Firing angle:[30]
Input voltage:230 VOLTS
Output voltage:179.421 VOLTS

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Date of performance:13/2/2024 NAME: A.

AIM: To Create a simulation model for a single-phase fully controlled rectifier

SIMULATION BLOCKS REQUIRED:

Voltage measurement: the technique of calculating, often in volts, the

Current measurement: the measurement of electric charge flow through a

AC voltage source (230V): a source of electrical energy that generates 230

Dc Machine: A wound-field or permanent magnet DC machine is

Constant: The Constant block generates a real or complex constant value

Dc Voltage Source: The DC Voltage Source block is a perfect example of a

SIMULATION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig(1): Circuit diagram

SI CONSTANT SPPED CURRENT TORQUE

FIG (2): SCOPE 1 ( INPUT AND OUTPUT CURRENT AND VOLTAGE

FIG(3): SCOPE 2 (SPEED, ELECTRICAL TORQUE AND ARMATURE CURRENT

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