2015 ARML Local Problems

Team Round
T-1 For a number x, let Sx be the set {5, 5, 5, 7, 8, 13, x}. Compute the sum of the values of
x such that the mean, median, and mode of Sx can be arranged to form an increasing
arithmetic sequence.
1 1 1 1 2
T-2 Compute the value of N for which + + + = .
log2 100 log3 100 log6 100 log9 100 logN 100
T-3 A non-negative integer is called falling if its digits are strictly decreasing from left to
right. 9876543210 is the largest falling number, 0 is the smallest. If all of the falling
numbers were written in a list from smallest to largest, compute the 1000th number on
that list.
T-4 Compute the length of the interval of values of x such that (x − 1)2 ≤ 2|x − 2|.
T-5 Pentagon OP QRS has vertices at O(0, 0), P (8, 0), Q(8, 4), R(2, 4), and S(0, 8). The line
y = mx divides OP QRS into two regions of equal area. Compute m.
T-6 Compute the number of ordered triples of integers (x, y, z) such that xy − |z| = 20 and
|x + y| − z = 15.
T-7 Define a positive integer N to be lucky if there exists a positive integer a such that a7
has exactly N positive divisors. Compute the number of positive integers less than 2015
that are lucky.
x2 +3x−18
T-8 Compute the sum of all real values of x that satisfy (x2 − 16x + 40) = 1.
T-9 Given square SQU A with SQ = 6. Equilateral triangles U AR, QU E, SQC, and SAT
are constructed in the exterior of SQU A. Compute the area of RECT .
T-10 For each positive integer k, let Sk denote the increasing arithmetic sequence of 1000
integers, whose first term is 1, and whose common difference is k. For example, S3 is the
sequence 1, 4, 7, . . . , 2998. Compute the number of sequences in S1 , S2 , S3 , . . . , S1000 that
contain the term 2015.
T-11 If g(x) = x(x − 1), then compute the sum of all real solutions to g(g(x)) = 30.
T-12 A path along a grid’s edges is called up-right if it consists solely of movement along
segments in the upward or rightward direction. Compute the expected number of up-
right paths remaining in the grid below from A to B if exactly one of the 12 segments is
randomly removed from the grid.

T-13 For a positive integer n, let p(n) be the product of the digits of n and s(n) be the sum of
the digits of n. Compute the sum of the values of n less than 100 such that n = p(n)+s(n).
T-14 A twenty-sided die is rolled twice, getting numbers x and y. Compute the probability
that log10 x + log10 y is an integer.
T-15 A deck of 3 red cards, 3 white cards, and 3 blue cards is shuffled and dealt into three
rows of three cards. Compute the probability that there are no red cards in the first row,
no white cards in the second row, and no blue cards in the third row.
 Individual Round

I-1 The graph of y = ax2 + bx + c passes through (−1, −3), (1, 3), and (2, 12). Compute abc.
I-2 Eight rational numbers are written on a blackboard. Their average is 15. One of the
numbers is erased, and the average of the numbers remaining on the board is 12. Compute
the value of the number that was erased.

I-3 Given real numbers x and y such that x + y = 4 and x3 + y 3 = 28. Compute x2 + y 2 .
I-4 Triangle N AP has side lengths N A = 10, AP = 17, and N P = 21. R and S are on N P
such that AR is the altitude to segment N P and AS is the angle bisector from A to N P .
Compute RS.

I-5 Johanna and Edward play a game with a 6-sided die. For each turn, a player rolls a
die until they roll a 1, in which case they lose the game, or until they roll a 5 or 6, in
which case their turn is over and the other player rolls the die under the same rules. The
game continues until some player rolls a 1 and loses. If Johanna plays first, compute the
probability that she wins the game.
I-6 The line x = a intersects the graphs of f (x) = log10 (x) and g(x) = log10 (x + 5) at points
B and C, respectively. If BC = 1, compute a.

I-7 Regular hexagon HEXAGO has vertices H(4, 1) and E(8, 1). The hexagon lies entirely
in the first quadrant. If the coordinates of X are (x1 , y1 ) and the coordinates of A are
(x2 , y2 ), compute x1 + x2 + y1 + y2 .
I-8 Let X = 20202020202020202020, the 20-digit number consisting of 10 copies of the digits
2 and 0. Similarly, let Y = 15151515151515151515, the 20-digit number consisting of 10
copies of the digits 1 and 5. Compute the sum of the digits of XY .

√ √ √ √
value of x that solves ( 2x + 1 + x + 3)2 + 2x + 1 + x + 3 = 12 is of the form
I-9 The √
A − B where A and B are positive integers. Compute A + B.
I-10 Square ARM L has unit side lengths and center O. D and E are on AR, with D between
A and E. If m(∠DOE) = 45◦ and DE = 37 , compute the largest value of ER.
 Relay Round

R1-1 If A, B, C, and D are (not necessarily distinct) digits such that A B C D + A B C +

A B + A = 2015. Compute (A + C)(B + D).
R1-2 Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the number of positive integers less than or equal to 2015
that are relatively prime to T .

R2-1 The positive integer N can be written in the form pa q b , where p and q are distinct primes,
and a and b are positive integers. If the number 25N is a perfect square with exactly 27
positive divisors, compute the smallest possible value of N .
R2-2 Let T = T N Y W R. A positive integer is small-prime-free if it is not a multiple of 2, 3,
or 5. Compute the T th smallest small-prime-free integer.
R2-3 Let T = T N Y W R. The product of two consecutive positive odd integers is 3T . Compute
the average of these two integers.

1 1 1 1
R3-1 2
− 3
= 7
+ N
. Compute N .
R3-2 Let T = T N Y W R. There are k competitors in a contest. There are T ways to select a
winner and a runner-up. Compute k.
R3-3 Let T = T N Y W R. A positive integer is a palindrome if its digits read the same for-
wards as backwards. There are exactly 20 integers between 1 and N inclusive that are
palindromes when written in base T . Compute the smallest (base-10) value of N .
R3-4 Let T = T N Y W R. Compute the smallest value of n such that the product of any n
consecutive integers is a multiple of T .
R3-5 Let T = T N Y W R. There are circles of radius T with centers A, R, M , and L. ARM L
is square of side length 2T . If x is the area that is inside ARM L but outside any of the
circles, compute x to the nearest tenth. Pass back your answer in decimal form.
R3-6 Let T = T N Y W R. A book that was originally priced K dollars is on sale for T dollars,
a discount of D percent. If K and D are both positive integers, compute the minimum
value of D.

Tiebreaker

TB Compute the sum of the integral values of x such that x2 + 60x + 1000 is a perfect square.

APASS
20
APASS
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