Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Polytechnic, Satara.

Capstone Project Synopsis

On
“Ardinuo Based Electrical Appliance Control"

Presented by
Mr .Ayush Rajendra Mane
Mr .Ganesh Vilas Kadam
Mr .Sourabh Sakaram Sawadekar
Mr .Vaibhav Dada Harpale
Program: Diploma in Electrical Engineering

Class: TYEE Year: 2024-25(Semester 5 )

Course: Capstone Project Planning

(Subject Code: 17508)

Guided By
Mrs. A.P Utekar
 Electrical Engineering Department
[2024-25]

Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Polytechnic, Satara

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Mr .Ayush Rajendra Mane. Mr .Ganesh Vilas Kadam ,

Mr.Sourabh Sakaram Sawadekar, Mr .Vaibhav Dada Harpale" of Third Year

( Semester 5 ) have successfully completed the synopsis work entitled Ardinuo Based

Electrical Appliance Control in the Course of Capstone Project Planning of Program

Diploma in Electrical Engineering of Maharashtra State of Technical Education,

Mumbai, Maharashtra State.

Mrs. A.P Utekar Mr. M.D Bhujbal Prin.N .B Devi.

Guide Head of department Principal

Date: / /2021
Place: Satara.
 ABSTRACT

This paper presents a low cost flexible and reliable home automation system with additional

security using Ardinuo microcontroller, with IP connectivity through local Wi- Fi for accessing

and controlling devices by authorized user remotely using Smart phone application. The

proposed system is server independent and uses Internet of things to control human desired

appliances starting from industrial machine to consumer goods. The user can also use

different devices for controlling by the help of web-browser, smart phone or IR remote

module. To demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this system, in this paper we

present a home automation system using Ardinuo UNO microcontroller and esp8266-01 as

a connectivity module. It helps the user to control various appliances such as light, fan, TV

and can take decision based on the feedback of sensors remotely. We have tested our

system through conducted experiment on various environmental conditions.

Mr .Ayush Rajendra Mane

Mr .Ganesh vilas kadam
Mr .Sourabh sakaram Sawadhkar
Mr .Vaibhav Dada harpale
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With immense pleasure, I am presenting this report on capstone

project synopsis as a part of the curriculum of Diploma in Electrical
Engineering. I wish to thank all the people who gave me endless support
right from the stage the idea was conceived.
I express with all sincerity and deep sense of gratitude to
Mrs.A.P.Utekar who have given me many worthwhile suggestions and
guided me by encouraging generously throughout the capstone project
synopsis work. It is my proud privilege to offer sincere and well devoted
thanks for his valuable support and guidance.
I would like to thank Head of Department, Mr.M.D Bhujbal and
Principal, Prof. N .B Devi for their support which helped me to achieve the
needful.
Finally I wish to thank all teaching and nonteaching faculty members
of Electrical Engineering Department and librarian for their constructive
comments, suggestions and criticism and all those who have directly or
indirectly helped me in carrying out this capstone project synopsis work.
 INDEX

Sr.
Content Page No
No.
1 Introduction 1

2 Literature review 2

3 Block diagram 4

4 Hardware Discription 5

5 Conclusion & Future Scope 8

6 Referances 9
 1. Introduction
As rapid change in technology always aims to serve the mankind, the
expectation for living a simple yet advance life keeps on increasing . Internet has become an
important part of human’s social life and educational life without which they are just helpless.
The Internet of things (Iot) devices not only controls but also monitors the electronic,
electrical and various mechanical systems which are used in various types of
infrastructures. These devices which are connected to the cloud server are controlled by a
single user (also known as admin) which are again transmitted or notified to the entire
authorized user connected to that network. Various electronics and electrical devices are
connected and controlled remotely through different network infrastructures.
Web browser present in laptop or smart phone or any other smart technique
through which we can operate switches, simply removes the hassle of manually operating a
switch. Now a day’s although smart switches are available they proves to be very costly,
also for their working we required additional devices such as hub or switch. As there is rapid
change in wireless technology several connectivity devices are available in the market which
solves the purpose of communicating medium with the device and the micro-controller.
Starting from Bluetooth to Wi-Fi, from ZigBee to Z-wave and NFC all solve the purpose of
communicating medium. RF and ZigBee are used to used in most wireless networks. In this
project we have taken ESP8266-01 Wi-Fi module which is programmed through Ardinuo
UNO to control various devices.
The rest of sections in this paper is organized as follows: Section II provides a
system overview of the system. The hardware design is explained in Section III, Section IV

discusses about the software design and experimental results are discussed in Section V. At
the end the paper concludes by looking at the future research and recommendations which
are required to make the system more effective.
 2. Literature Review
Home automation is a challenging one not only to the developer but also to the
consumer. Developer has to choose the component as per the customer requirement. Due
to all the customer demands are not equal hence they have to compromise with the existing
products. Through detailed study of “Home Automation Using Internet of Thing” proposed by
Shopan Dey, Ayon Roy and Sandip Das, it is found that they have used Raspberry pi
module to connect ESP8266-01 module to the internet. Through this module they are
controlling various devices through web page and also through android application . K.
Venkatesan and Dr. U. Ramachandraiah in their paper have implemented Zigbee module in
Ardinuo mega through which they are controlling devices.
They have used various sensors for various purpose. Also they have provided
real time notification, feedback on web-server in which customers can see what is
happening in their home . With the help of logic gates, a Raspberry pi, 555 timer and flip-flop
also the devices are controlled from web app.
Paper proposed by Shashank Shiva Kumar Jha, Vishwateja Mudiam Reddy,
Tapan Pokharna, Naresh Vinay shows how this is operated and controlled . International
Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue 770 “Programmable Infrared
Accessory Light Switch” by Warsuzarina Mat Jubadi and Normaziah Zulkifli shows how TV
remote is used to control room light and other appliances.
Here IR remote and one IR receiver is used and programmed in such a way that
it stores the frequency of the existing remote and use them directly to control appliances.
So, here we introduce Ardinuo Uno with ESP8266-01 module. This is not only cost-effective

but also prove to be the easiest one when it comes in term of programming and also
implementation
 Maximum
Range
Available IEEE Network Power Data Rate
(in Cost
technology Standard Topology Consumption Maximum
meter)
(in mW)
1 to 3
Bluetooth 802.15.1 One to Many 100 10 medium
Mbps
Zigbee 802.14.5 Star, cluster, 3 20 to
100 high
mesh 250kbps
Esp8266- 802.11 Star, mesh 100 1 to
150 Low
01 11Mbps

Table-1 Comparison of Different communication module

From table 1, it is observed that Esp8266-01 works on 802.11 b/g/n protocol whereas
Zigbee uses 802.14.5 protocol. Zigbee consumes least power as 3mW whereas Wi-Fi and
Bluetooth consumes nearly 100mW. But if we compare speed of Esp8266 has maximum
speed up to 11mbps but Zigbee has only 250kbps. Clearly esp8266 defeat Zigbee and
Bluetooth not only in cost but also in speed . Fig.1 is giving a brief idea about the
interconnection of microcontroller , peripheral devices as well as sensors and what is the
architecture behind it .
 3. Block Diagram

Figure. 1. Network Architecture of Figure . 2. Home automation system

IOT devices
 4. Hardware Description
This hardware implementation contains 4 different parts. (i)A 16X2 LCD display for
displaying status of the system and IP address of the local Wi-Fi network (ii) Relay for
switching the load automatically, (iii) Ardinuo as decision maker and (iv) esp8266 version 1
for connecting to local Wi-Fi.

A. Ardinuo UNO
The UNO proves to be Ardinuo’s flagship board for beginner and also for advanced users.
The system needs a micro-controller to process data and connects different modules for
control. This purpose was solved by Ardinuo Uno which has ATMEGA328p processor. It has
6 analog input pins and 14 digital input/output pins. It can operate with either 5V from USB
plug or 12V from external power supply. In Ardinuo Uno pin 1 and 0 are used as default
transmission and receiving pin (Figure.3). International Journal of Pure and Applied
Mathematics Special Issue 772
Figure.3 Ardinuo Uno

Figure. 4: relay module

B. Relay
Relay is connected to the Ardinuo Uno and its output is connected to the home
appliances in a sequence as (i) fan (ii) light (iii) room-heater and (iv) TV set. Relay takes low

current and voltage and triggers the switch which is connected to a high voltage. 4 input pins
of relay are connected to Ardinuo which takes5V supply from it and can trigger up to 10A,
250Vsupply

C. ESP8266-01
The ESP8266-01 is a highly compact board, used as a peripheral for any board through
serial (RX/TX) and also as a standalone board. The board requires 3.3 V and can be
programmed with any FTDI operating at 3.3 V. The pins include power (+3.3 V and
GROUND), RX / TX, CH_PD to enable the chip and 2 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO)

D. WIFI
Wi-Fi(wireless fidelity) is a wireless communication technology which is used here to provide
a hotspot through which ESP8266-01 module can connect. The router will assign a unique
IP address to the module for establishing a connection between smart phone and ESP8266-
01.
 5. Conclusion and Future Scope
In this project we focused on different process of operating or controlling
electrical and electronic appliances remotely with the help of Ardinuo. This method of
controlling such applications is referred to as automation. The experimental setup which we
designed has its focal point on controlling different home appliances providing 100%
efficiency. Due to advancement in technology, Wi-Fi network is easily available in all places
like home, Office Building and Industrial Building so proposed wireless network easily
controlled using any Wi-Fi network. The wiring cost is reduced. Since less wiring is required
for the switches. This also eliminates power consumption inside the building when the loads
were in off conditions. This system is also platform independent allowing any web browser in
any platform to connect ESP8266-01. The system is fully functional through android
application known as “ESP8266 Wifi control”.
The delay to turn ON is 3 sec and turn OFF is 2 sec for any load. For future use,
the researchers would recommend as : (i)Reducing the time delay to turn on and off of an
appliance (ii) Adding speech recognition to the system (iii)using automatic smart phone
detection through Wi-fi such that it will operate the loads automatically when it is in range.

(iv) Expansion of range of Wi-Fi such that one can operate in permissible long distance
through smart phone.
 6. References
1) K. Venkatesan and Dr. U. Ramachandraiah, Networked Switching and Polymorphing

Control of Electrical Loads with Web and Wireless Sensor Network, 2015 International

Conference on Robotics, Automation, Control and Embedded Systems (RACE), Chennai,

(2015), 1-9.

2) ShopanDey,Ayon Roy and SandipDas, Home Automation Using Internet of Thing , IRJET,

2(3) (2016),1965-1970.

3) VishwatejaMudiam Reddy, NareshVinay, TapanPokharna and Shashank Shiva Kumar

Jha, Internet of Things Enabled Smart Switch, Thirteenth International Conference on

Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN), Hyderabad, (2016),1-4

4) Warsuzarina Mat Jubadi and NormaziahZulkifli, Programmable Infrared Accessory Light

Switch, International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, Kuala

Lumpur,(2007), 1130-113