PROBABILITY

Single Correct Answer Type

1. A fair die is tossed eight times. The probability that a third six is observed on the eight throw, is
7
𝐶2 × 55 7
𝐶 × 55 7
𝐶2 × 55 d) None of these
a) b) 2 c)
67 68 66
2. A natural number 𝑥 is chosen at random from the first 100 natural numbers. The probability that 𝑥 +
100
𝑥
> 50 is
1 11 11 d) None of these
a) b) c)
10 50 20
3. A coin is tossed 4 times. The probability that at least one head turns up, is
1 2 14 15
a) b) c) d)
16 16 16 16
4. There are 4 white and 4 black balls in a bag and 3 balls are drawn at random. If balls of same colour are
identical, the probability that none of them is black, is
a) 1/4 b) 1/14 c) 1/2 d) None of these
5. A box contains 10 mangoes out of which 4 are rotten. 2 mangoes are taken out together. If one of them is
found to be good, the probability that the other is also good is
a) 1/3 b) 8/15 c) 5/13 d) 2/3
6. A five digit number is chosen at random. The probability that all the digit are distinct and digits at odd
places are odd and digits at even place are even, is
1 2 1 1
a) b) c) d)
60 75 50 75
7. If two dice are thrown together, then the probability that the sum of numbers appearing on them is 9, is
1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
9 6 4 3
8. If 𝑋 follows a binomial distribution with parameters 𝑛 = 6 and 𝑝. If 4(𝑃(𝑋 = 4)) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 2), then 𝑝 =
a) 1/2 b) 1/4 c) 1/6 d) 1/3
9. A man is known to speak truth in 75% cases. If he throws an unbiased die and tells his friend that it is a six,
then the probability that it is actually a six, is
a) 1/6 b) 1/8 c) 3/4 d) 3/8
10. If 𝑚 rupee coins and 𝑛 ten paise coins are placed in a line, then the probability that the extreme coins are
ten paise coins, is
𝑛(𝑛 − 1)
a) 𝑚+𝑛 𝐶𝑚 b) c) 𝑚+𝑛 𝑃𝑚 d) 𝑚+𝑛 𝑃𝑛
(𝑚 + 𝑛)(𝑚 + 𝑛 − 1)
11. The number of times a die must be tossed to obtain a 6 at least once with probability exceeding 0.9 is at
least
a) 13 b) 19 c) 25 d) None of these
12. Two dice are thrown 𝑛 times in succession. The probability of obtaining a double six at least once is
1 𝑛 35 𝑛 1 𝑛 d) None of these
a) ( ) b) 1 − ( ) c) ( )
36 36 12
13. Seven chits are numbered 1 to 7. Four chits are drawn one by one with replacement. The probability that
the least number appearing on any selected chit is 5, is
3 4 6 3 5×4×3 3 4
a) ( ) b) ( ) c) d) ( )
7 7 73 4
14. Probability of throwing 16 in one throw with three dice is
1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
36 18 72 9
15. 𝐴 1 𝐵 1
For two events 𝐴 and 𝐵, if 𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃 (𝐵) = 4 and 𝑃 (𝐴) = 2, then

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 𝐴′ 3
a) 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent b) 𝑃 ( ) =
𝐵 4
𝐵′ 1 d) All of the above
c) 𝑃 ( ) =
𝐴′ 2
16. If the probability that 𝐴 and 𝐵 will die with in a year are 𝑝 and 𝑞 respectively, then the probability that
only one of them will be alive at the end of the year is
a) 𝑝 + 𝑞 b) 𝑝 + 𝑞 − 2𝑝𝑞 c) 𝑝 + 𝑞 − 𝑝𝑞 d) 𝑝 + 𝑞 + 𝑝𝑞
17. In a binomial distribution the mean is 15 and variance is 10. Then parameter 𝑛 is
a) 28 b) 16 c) 45 d) 25
18. Three squares of a chess board are chosen at random, the probability that two are of one colour and one of
another
a) 16/21 b) 8/21 c) 32/12 d) None of these
19. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are any two events, then probability that exactly one of them occurs is
a) 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) + 2 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
b) 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
c) 𝑃(𝐴̅) + 𝑃(𝐵̅) + 2 𝑃(𝐴̅ ∩ 𝐵̅)
d) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵̅) + 𝑃(𝐴̅ ∩ 𝐵)
20. The mean and variance of a binomial variable 𝑋 are 2 and 1 respectively. The probability that 𝑋 takes
values greater than 1, is
5 8 11 1
a) b) c) d)
16 16 16 16
21. If a fair coin is tossed 20 times and let we get head 𝑛 times, then probability that 𝑛 is odd, is
1 1 5 7
a) b) c) d)
2 6 8 8
22. If a dice is thrown twice, the probability of occurrence of 4 at least once, is
a) 11/36 b) 7/12 c) 35/36 d) None of these
23. A box contains 9 tickets numbered 1 to 9 inclusive. If 3 tickets are drawn from the box without
replacement. The probability that they are alternatively either {odd, even, odd} of {even, odd, even} is
5 4 5 5
a) b) c) d)
17 17 16 18
24. (𝑘+1)𝑎
If the range of a random variable 𝑋 is {0,1,2,3,4,…}with 𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑘) = 3𝑘 for 𝑘 ≥ 0, then 𝑎 is equal to
2 4 8 16
a) b) c) d)
3 9 27 81
25. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two events such that 𝑃(𝐴) > 0 and 𝑃(𝐵) ≠ 1,then 𝑃(𝐴̅|𝐵̅) is equal to
1 − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) 𝑃(𝐴̅)
a) 1 − 𝑃(𝐴|𝐵̅) b) 1 − 𝑃(𝐴̅|𝐵) c) d)
𝑃(𝐵) 𝑃(𝐵̅)
26. Two numbers are selected randomly from the set 𝑆 = {1,2,3,4,5,6} without replacement one by one. The
probability that minimum of the two number is less than 4, is
1 14 1 4
a) b) c) d)
15 15 5 5
27. A number is chosen at random among the first 120 natural numbers. The probability of the number
chosen being a multiple of 5 or 15 is
1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
8 5 24 6
28. Four numbers are chosen at random from {1,2,3,…,40}. The probability that they are not consecutive, is
1 4 2469 7965
a) b) c) d)
2470 7969 2470 7969
29. A person draws a card from a pack of playing cards, replaces it and shuffles the pack. He continues doing
this until he draws a spade. The chance that he fail the first two times is
9 1 1 9
a) b) c) d)
64 64 16 16

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30. Two numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏 are chosen at random from the set of first 30 natural numbers. The probability that
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 is divisible by 3 is
9 12 15 47
a) b) c) d)
87 87 87 87
31. A coin is tossed 10 times. The probability of getting exactly six heads is
512 105 100
a) b) c) d) 10 𝐶6
513 512 153
32. Let 𝐴 = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}, 𝐵 = {2, 4, 6, 8}. If a cartesian product 𝐴 × 𝐵, if chosen at random, the probability of
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 9 is
1 1 c) 1 d) 0
a) b)
4 5
33. One hundred identical coins, each with probability 𝑝 or showing up heads are tossed once. If 0 < 𝑝 < 1
and the probability of heads showing on 50 coins is equal to that of heads showing on 51 coins, then the
value of 𝑝 is
1 49 50 51
a) b) c) d)
2 101 101 101
34. India plays two ODI matches each with Australia and Pakistan. The probability of India getting 0, 1, 2 are
0.45, 0.05, 0.50. The probability of India getting at least 7 points in the series is
a) 0.00875 b) 0.875 c) 0.0875 d) None of these
35. For a poisson variate 𝑋, if 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 3𝑃(𝑋 = 3), then the mean of 𝑋 is
a) 1 1 1 1
b) c) d)
2 3 4
36. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two independent events, the probability that both 𝐴 and 𝐵 occur is 1/8 and the probability
that neither of them occurs is 3/8. The probability of the occurrence of 𝐴, is
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a) , b) , c) , d) ,
2 4 3 4 4 6 5 2
37. The probability that a certain kind of component will survive a given shock test is 3. The probability that
4
exactly 2 of the next 4 components tested survive is
9 25 1 27
a) b) c) d)
41 128 5 128
38. A bag contains 2 white and 4 black balls. A ball is drawn 5 times with replacement. The probability that at
least 4 of the balls drawn are white, is
8 10 11 8
a) b) c) d)
141 243 243 41
39. 6 boys and 6 girls sit in a row randomly. The probability that all 6 girls sit together, is
1 1 1 d) None of these
a) b) c)
64 8 132
40. If there are 6 girls and 5 boys who sit in a row, then the probability that no two boys sit together is
6!6! 7!5! 6!7! d) None of these
a) b) c)
2 ! 11 ! 2 ! 11 ! 2 ! 11 !
41. In Q. 14 if 𝑚 > 𝑛 then the probability that the mapping selected is an injective map is
𝑛
𝑛! 𝑛! 𝐶𝑚 d) None of these
a) b) c)
(𝑛 − 𝑚) ! 𝑚𝑛 (𝑛 − 𝑚) ! 𝑛𝑚 𝑛 𝑚

42. 1+𝑎 1−𝑎

If ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) are probability of two mutually exclusive events, then set of all values of 𝑎 is
a) −1 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 1 b) −7 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 5 c) −1 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 2 d) −4 ≤ 𝑎 ≤ 1
43. An urn contains nine balls of which three are red, four are blue and two are green. Three balls are drawn
at random without replacement from the urn. The probability that the three balls have different colours, is
1 2 1 2
a) b) c) d)
3 7 21 23
44. If 𝑋 is a random-variable with distribution given below:
𝑋 : 0 1 2 3
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) : 𝑘 3 𝑘 3 𝑘 𝑘

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 The value of 𝑘 and its variance are
a) 1/8, 22/27 b) 1/8, 23/27 c) 1/8, 24/27 d) 1/8, 3/4
45. If the letters of the word ‘MISSISSIPPI’ are written down at random in a row, the probability that four 𝑆′s
come consecutively is
8 4 161 d) None of these
a) b) c)
165 165 165
46. Probability of all 3 digit numbers having all the digits same is
1 3 7 d) None of these
a) b) c)
100 100 100
47. A random variable 𝑋 has the following probability distribution
𝑿 1 2 3 4
𝑷(𝑿) 𝑘 2𝑘 3𝑘 4𝑘
Then, the mean of 𝑋 is
a) 3 b) 1 c) 4 d) 2
48. In a test, an examines either guesses or copies or knows the answer to a multiple choice questions with
1 1
four choices. The probability that he makes a guess is and the probability that he copies the answer is .
3 6
1
The probability that his answer is correct given that he copies it is 8. The probability that his answer is
1
correct, given that he guesses it is .The probability that they knew the answer to the questions given that
4
he correctly answered is
24 31 24 29
a) b) c) d)
31 24 29 24
49. The probability that a number 𝑛 chosen at random from 1 to 30, to satisfy 𝑛 + (50/𝑛) > 27 is
7 3 3 1
a) b) c) d)
30 10 5 5
50. Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two events and 𝑃(𝐴′ ) = 0.3, 𝑃(𝐵) = 0.4, 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵′ ) = 0.5, then𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵′ ) is
a) 0.5 b) 0.8 c) 1 d) 0.1
̅̅̅̅̅
51. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two events such that 𝑃(𝐴) ≠ 0and 𝑃(𝐵) ≠ 1, then 𝑃 ( )is equal to
𝐴
𝐵
𝐴 𝐴̅ 1 − 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) 𝑃(𝐴̅)
a) 1 − 𝑃 ( ) b) 1 − 𝑃 ( ) c) d)
𝐵 𝐵 𝑃(𝐵̅) 𝑃(𝐵)
52. If the letters of the word ‘MISSISSIPPI’ are written down at random, in a row the probability that no two ′𝑆′
occur together is
5 7 6 d) None of these
a) b) c)
33 33 31
53. Suppose 𝐸 and 𝐹 are two independent events of a random experiment. If the probability of occurrence of 𝐸
1 1
is5and the probability of occurrence of 𝐹 given 𝐸 is 10,then the probability of non-occurrence of at least
one of the events 𝐸 and 𝐹 is
1 1 49 1
a) b) c) d)
18 2 50 50
54. If 𝑋 is a binomial variate with the range {0,1,2,3,4,5,6} and 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 4𝑃(𝑋 = 4), then the parameter 𝑝
of 𝑋 is
1 1 2 3
a) b) c) d)
3 2 3 4
55. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are arbitrary events, then
a) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ≥ 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) b) 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) ≤ 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵)
c) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) d) None of the above
56. For two events 𝐴 and 𝐵,if 𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃 (𝐴) = 1 and 𝑃 (𝐵) = 1, then
𝐵 4 𝐴 2
𝐴′ 3
a) 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent events b) 𝑃 ( ) =
𝐵 4

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