General Mathematics

General Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 14:
Domain and Range of Inverse
Functions
General Mathematics
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 14: Domain and Range of Inverse Functions
First Edition, 2020

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 What I Need to Know

In this learning module, you will know more about the domain and range, and how to
determine the domain and range of an inverse function. This module was designed and
written with you in mind. It is here to help you easily master the procedure in finding
the domain and range of an inverse function.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define domain and range.
2. Find the domain and range of a given inverse function.
3. Represent the domain and range using set builder notation.

What I Know

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What do you call to the set of all allowable values of the independent variable?
a. Range c. Real Numbers
b. Domain d. Inverse Function

2. Which of the following is not allowed as the value of the independent variable if
the function is a fraction?
a. zero c. decimal number
b. negative number d. irrational number

3. What is the domain and range of the function (𝑥) = 𝑥 − 5 ?

a. The domain is all real numbers except -5 and the range is all real numbers
except 0.
b. The domain is all real numbers and the range is all real numbers except 0.
c. The domain is all real numbers except -5 and the range is all real numbers.
d. The domain and range are all real numbers.

4. What is the inverse of (𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 6 ?

𝑥+6 𝑥−6
a.. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3
c. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3

3 3
b. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥−6
d. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥+6

1
 5. Which of the following pairs of functions is NOT the inverse of each other?

a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 5

𝑥
b.𝑓 (𝑥) = 3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) =
3

c. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3

d.𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 2

3
For numbers 6-10, consider the function (𝑥) = .
𝑥+1

6. What is the domain of the function?

a. {𝑥 Є 𝑅1} c. {𝑥 ≠ −1}
b. {𝑥 ≠ 0} d. {𝑥 ≠ 1}

7. What is the Range of the function?

a. {𝑦 ≠ 0} c. {𝑦 ≠ 3}
b. {𝑦 ≠ 1} d. {𝑦 ≠ −1}

8. What is the inverse of the function?

3+𝑥 𝑥
a. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = c. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) =
𝑥 3+𝑥
3−𝑥 𝑥
b. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥
d. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3−𝑥

9. What is the domain of f-1?

a. {𝑥 ≠ 0} c. {𝑥 ≠ −3}
b. {𝑥 ≠ 3} d. {𝑥 ≠ −1}

10. What is the range of f-1?

a. {𝑦 ≠ 0} c. {𝑦 ≠ 1}
b. {𝑦 ≠ 𝑦} d. {𝑦 ≠ −1}

For numbers 11-15, consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2.

11. What is the domain of the function?

a. {𝑥 > 2} c. {𝑥 > 0}
b. {𝑥 Є ≠ 2} d. {𝑥 Є 𝑅}

12. What is the range of the function?

a. {𝑦 ≥ 2} c. {𝑦 < 2}

b. {𝑦 > 2} d. {𝑦 > 0}

2
13. What is the inverse of the function?

a. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2 c. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = √𝑥 − 2

b. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 2 + 𝑥 2 d. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = √𝑥 + 2

14. What is the domain of f-1 ?

a. {𝑥 ≥ −2} c. {𝑥 < −2}

b. {𝑥 ≥ 2} d. {𝑥 < 2}

15. What is the range of f-1 ?

a. {𝑦Є 𝑅} c. {𝑦 < 2}
b. {𝑦Є > 2} d. {𝑦 > −2}

3
 Lesson Finds the Domain and
1 Range of an Inverse
Function
Start Lesson 1 of this module by assessing your knowledge of the basic skills in finding
the inverse of a function. This knowledge and skill will help you understand easily on
how to find the domain and range of an inverse function. Seek the assistance of your
teacher if you encounter any difficulty. This topic is about finding the domain and range
of an inverse function.

What’s In

Recall that a function has an inverse if and only if it is one-to-one and every one-to-one
function has a unique inverse function.

Below are the steps in solving for the inverse of a function:

a. Write the function in the form y=f(x);
b. Interchange the x and y variables;
c. Solve for y in terms of x;
d. Replace y by f-1(x);
e. Verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions.

Example 1: Find the inverse of 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 8 .

Solution: The equation of a function is 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 8. Interchanging the x and y variables,

we get 𝑥 = 3𝑦 − 8.
Solving y for x: 3𝑦 = 𝑥 + 8
𝑥+8
𝑦=
3
𝑥+8
Therefore, the inverse of 𝑓 (𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 8 is 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3

To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:

𝑥+8 3𝑥−8+8
𝑓[𝑓 −1 (𝑥)] = 3 ( 3
)−8 𝑓 −1 [𝑓(𝑥)] = 3
3𝑥
= x+8 = 3
=x =x
Therefore, f is the inverse of f.
-1

4
Example 2: Find the inverse of 𝑓(𝑥) = √2𝑥 + 1 .

Solution: The equation of a function is 𝑦 = √2𝑥 + 1. Interchanging the x and y variables,

we get 𝑥 = √2𝑦 + 1.
Solving y for x: 2𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 1
𝑥 2 −1
𝑦= 2
𝑥 2 −1
Therefore, the inverse of 𝑓 (𝑥) = √2𝑥 + 1 is 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 2

To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:

2
𝑥 2−1 (√2𝑥+1) −1
𝑓[𝑓 −1 (𝑥)] = √2 ( 2
)+1 𝑓 −1 [𝑓(𝑥)] = 2
2𝑥+1−1
= √𝑥 2 − 1 + 1 = 2
=x =x
Therefore, f is the inverse of f.
-1

Example 3: Find the inverse of 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 4 .

Solution: The equation of a function is 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 4. Interchanging the x and y variables,

we get 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 + 4.
Solving y for x: 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 − 4
𝑦 = √𝑥 − 4
Therefore, the inverse of 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 4 is 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = √𝑥 − 4

To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:

𝑓[𝑓 −1 (𝑥)] = (√𝑥 − 4 )2 + 4 𝑓 −1 [𝑓(𝑥)] = √𝑥 2 + 4 − 4
= 𝑥−4+4 = √𝑥 2
=x =x
Therefore, f is the inverse of f.
-1

Notes to the Teacher

The notation f-1 is used to represent the inverse of a function f.

To verify that the f and f-1 are inverse functions:

and

5
 What’s New

Let’s Find Out!

A. Complete the table of each given function.

1. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 5𝑥 + 20

x -2 0 2 4 6
f(x)

𝑥
2. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 4 + 5

x -30 -20 -10 0 10

f(x)

B. Graph the functions in one Cartesian Plane

6
C. Answer the following questions:

1. What can you say about the two given functions?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

2. Based from the table of values, describe the domain and range of the first
function with respect to the domain and range of the other function.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

3. What can you say about the graphs of the two functions?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

4. Drawing a diagonal line (y=x), what can you say about the graphs with
respect to line y=x?
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

5. Can you give any other observation/s?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

7
 What is It

In the activity that you have done, were you able to

determine the relationship of the domain and range of the function and its inverse? Have
you seen their graphs? You will find out the easy way and understand it clearly as you
go through the next session of this module.

From the previous lesson, you already learned that the domain of a function is the set
of input values that are used for the independent variable and the range of a function
is the set of output values for the dependent variable. But, from this lesson, how will
you determine the domain and range of an inverse function?

A relation reversing the process performed by any function f(x) is called inverse of f(x).

To determine the domain and range of an inverse function:

The outputs of the function f are the inputs to f−1, so the range of f is also the domain
of f−1. Likewise, because the inputs to f are the outputs of f−1, the domain of f is the
range of f−1. We can visualize the situation.

Domain of f Range of f
f(x)

a b

f-1(x)
Range of f -1 Domain of f -1

This means that the domain of the inverse is the range of the original function and that
the range of the inverse is the domain of the original function.

8
 Original Function Inverse Relation

x 2 3 5 10 x 6 8 12 21

y 6 8 12 21 y 2 3 5 10

The domain of the original function is (2,3,5,10) and the range is (6,8,12,21). Therefore
the domain of the inverse relation will be (6,8,12,21) and the range is (2,3,5,10).

Properties of an Inverse Function

If the f-1 inverse function exists,

1. f-1 is a one to one function, f is also one-to-one.
2. Domain of f-1= Range
3. Range of f-1 = Domain of f.

𝒙+𝟐
Example 1. Find the domain and range of the inverse function 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) =
𝟑
Solution:
To find the domain and range of an inverse function, go back to the original
function and then interchange the domain and range of the original function.

The original function is f(x) = 3x-2. The original function’s domain is the set of
real numbers and the range is also the set of real numbers. Thus, the domain
𝒙+𝟐
and range of 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = is the set of all real numbers.
𝟑

Example 2. Find the domain and range of 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 and its inverse.
Solution:
Let 𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐
Interchange x and y: 𝒙 = 𝟑𝒚 + 𝟏𝟐
Solve for y.
𝟑𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐
𝒚 = (𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐)/𝟑
𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = (𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐)/𝟑

Determine the domain and range of f and f-1.

You have 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 a and 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = (𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐)/𝟑
Domain of (f) ={𝒙€𝑹}Range of (f)= {𝒚€𝑹}
Domain of (f-1) = {𝒙€𝑹} Range of (f-1) ={𝒚€𝑹}

9
 To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:
𝑓[𝑓 −1 (𝑥)] = 3(𝑥 − 12 /3) + 12 𝑓 −1 [𝑓(𝑥)] = (3𝑥 − 12 − 12)/3
= x-12+12 = 3x/3
=x =x
Therefore, f-1 is the inverse of f.

Example 3. Find the domain and range of 𝒇(𝒙) = √𝒙 + 𝟐 and its inverse.
Solution:
Let 𝒚 = √𝒙 + 𝟐
Interchange x and y: 𝒙 = √𝒚 + 𝟐
Solve for y.
𝒙𝟐 = 𝒚 + 𝟐
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐
𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐

Determine the domain and range of f and f-1.

You have 𝒇(𝒙) = √𝒙 + 𝟐 a and 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐
Domain of (f) ={𝒙 ≥ −𝟐} Range of (f)= {𝒚 ≥ 𝟎}
Domain of (f-1) = {𝒙 ≥ 𝟎} Range of (f-1) ={≥ −𝟐}

To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:

2
𝑓[𝑓 −1 (𝑥)] = √𝑥 2 − 2 + 2 𝑓 −1 [𝑓(𝑥)] = (√𝑥 + 2) − 2
= √𝑥 2 = x+2-2
=x =x
Therefore, f-1 is the inverse of f.

Example 4. Consider f(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓. Find the inverse and its domain and range.

Solution:
Let 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓
Interchange x and y: 𝒙 = 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟓

Solve for y.
𝒚𝟐 = 𝒙 + 𝟓
𝒚 = √𝒙 + 𝟓
𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = √𝒙 + 𝟓

Determine the domain and range of f and f-1.

You have 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓 and 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) = √𝒙 + 𝟓
Domain of (f ) ={𝒙 𝝐 𝑹} Range of (f)= {𝒚 > −𝟓}
Domain of (f-1 ) = {𝒙 > −𝟓} Range of (f-1) ={𝒚 𝝐 𝑹}

10
 To verify if f and f-1 are inverse functions:
2
𝑓 −1 [𝑓(𝑥)] = (√𝑥 + 5) − 5 𝑓[𝑓 −1 (𝑥)] = √𝑥 2 − 5 + 5
= x+5-5 = √𝑥 2
=x =x
Therefore, f-1 is the inverse of f.

What’s More

Practice Activity

A. Find the inverse of f. Determine the domain and range of each resulting inverse
functions. Write your answer inside the box provided.

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1
f-1 = Solution:

Domain

Range

2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 + 2

f-1 = Solution:

Domain

Range

11
 𝑥+2
3. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 5

f-1 = Solution:

Domain

Range

4. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2

f-1 = Solution:

Domain

Range

5. 𝑓 (𝑥) = √1 + 𝑥

f-1 = Solution:

Domain

Range

12
 What I Have Learned

Think It Over And Complete Me!

A. Complete The Paragraph
Remember that an inverse function is a _________________ function.
Whereas, the ___________ of the inverse function is the range of the one-to-one
function and the ___________ of the inverse function is the domain of the one-to-
one function.
To find the domain and range of an inverse function, go back to the
____________ function and then ______________ the domain and range of the
original function.

B. How is the skill in operating fractions and radicals relevant in determining the
domain and range of the inverse function? Explain.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

C. You have understood that inverse function is a function that reverses another
function. In life, if it so happens that you have done some mistakes, you can only
correct it and not reverse it. But if you would be given a chance to reverse one
thing in your life, what would it be and why?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

13
 What I Can Do

EXPLORE DEEPER AND THINK WISELY

Now that you have deeper understanding of the topic, you are ready to solve the
problems below.

1. Temperatures are normally expressed in degrees Celcius or degress Fahrenheit.

A temperature reading expressed in degrees Celsius can be converted to degrees
Fahrenheit, and vice versa.
a. Determine a function F that expresses a given temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius.
Solution:

b. Determine a function C that expresses a given temperature in degrees Celsius

to degrees Fahrenheit.
Solution:

c. Verify if the functions F and C are inverse Functions.

Solution:

d. Determine the domain and range of the functions and its inverse.

14
2. The formula S= (n-2) 180 gives the sum of the measures of the angles of n-sided
polygon where n is the input and S is the output.
a. Solve the formula for n so that S becomes the input and n becomes the output.
Solution:

b. Write the formula in (a) as the inverse function of f(x) = (x-2) 180.
Solution:

c. Verify is the two functions are inverse functions.

Solution:

d. Determine the domain and range of the function and its inverse.

Rubrics:

Score For letters a and b For letter c For letter d

4 The function or The functions were The domain and range
formula was verified as inverse of the function and its
determined or functions with inverse were correctly
formulated with completely shown determined and
properly shown procedures. properly written.
procedures.
3 The function or The functions were The domain and range
formula was verified as inverse of the function and its
determined or functions with inverse were correctly
formulated with partially shown determined but it was
partially shown procedures. improperly written.
procedures.

15
 2 The function or The functions were The domain was
formula was not not verified as inverse correct but the range is
determined or functions and other incorrect or vice versa.
formulated and other alternative procedures
alternative procedures was shown.
was shown.
1 The function or The functions were The domain and range
formula was not not verified as inverse was not correctly
determined or functions without any determined and
formulated without procedure. improperly written.
any procedure or
solution.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What do you call to the resulting y-values after we have substituted in the
possible x - values?

a. Range c. Real Numbers

b.Domain d. Inverse Function

3. Which of the following is not allowed as the value of the independent variable
under the square root sign?
a. zero c. decimal number

b. negative number d. fraction

3. What is the domain and range of the function (𝑥) = 5𝑥 + 2 ?

a. The domain is all real numbers except 2 and the range is all real numbers
except 0.
b. The domain is all real numbers and the range is all real numbers except 0.
c. The domain is all real numbers except 2 and the range is all real numbers.
d. The domain and range are all real numbers.

16
4. What is the inverse of (𝑥) = 9𝑥 + 5 ?
𝑥−5 𝑥+5
a. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 9
c. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3

9 9
b. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥−5
d. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥+5

5. Which of the following pair of functions is NOT the inverse of each other?
𝑥
a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 5

2−𝑥
b.𝑓 (𝑥) = 2 − 3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 3

1 1
c. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥

d.𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = √𝑥

3
For numbers 6-10, consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑥−2.

6. What is the domain of the function?

a. {𝑥 ≠ 3} c. {𝑥 ≠ 2}
b. {𝑥 ≠ 0} d. {𝑥 ≠ −2}

7. What is the Range of the function?

a. {𝑦 ≠ −2} c.{𝑦 ≠ 3}

𝑏. {𝑦 > 0} d. {𝑦 ≠ 0}

8. What is the inverse of the function?

2𝑥−3 𝑥
𝑎. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = c. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
𝑥 2𝑥−3

2𝑥+3 𝑥
b. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = d. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
𝑥 2𝑥+3

9. What is the domain of f-1?

𝑎. {𝑥 ≠ 0} c. {𝑥 ≠ −2}
𝑏. {𝑥 ≠ 2} d. {𝑥 ≠ 3}

10.What is the range of f-1?

a. {𝑦 ≠ 3} c. {𝑦 ≠ −2}
b. {𝑦 ≠ −3} d. {𝑦 ≠ 2}

For numbers 11-15, consider the function (𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1 .

17
 11. What is the domain of the function?

a. {𝑥 ≥ −1} c. {𝑥 ≥ 0}

b. {𝑥 ≥ 1} d. {𝑥 < 1}

12.What is the range of the function?

a. {𝑦 < 1} c. {𝑦 Є 𝑅}

b. {𝑦 > 0} d. {𝑦 > 1}

13.What is the inverse of the function?

1
a. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 1 c. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥2

b. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1 d. 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2

14. What is the domain of f-1 ?

a. {𝑥 > 1} c. {𝑥 < 1𝑅}

b. {𝑥Є 𝑅} d. {𝑥 > 0}

15. What is the range of f-1?

a. {≥ 1} c. {𝑦 < 1}
b. {≥ −1} d. {𝑦 ≥ 1}.

Additional Activities

Give Me More Companions

In this section, you are going to think deeper and test further your understanding of
domain and range of inverse function. Ask someone who can help you to find the correct
solutions and answer.

Tom and Jerry are school mates and they are playing a number- guessing game.
Tom asks Jerry to think of a positive number, triple the number, square the results and
then add 7. If Jerry’s answer is 43, what was the original number? Use the concept of
the inverse function and its domain and range in your solution.

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What I What's More Assessment
Know 1. B
A
A 2. D
D
C
D 3.
A
A
4. C
B
A
B 5. B
D
A
A
D
C
D
D
A
B
C
C
B
B
A
B
A
Answer Key
References

Alday, Eward M., Batisan, Ronaldo S., and Caraan, Aleli M.General Mathematics.
Makati City: Diwa Learning Systems Inc.,2016.67-68.

Oronce, Orlando A., and Mendoza, Marilyn O.General Mathematics. Quezon City:Rex
Bookstore, Inc.,2016.32-39.

Oronce, Orlando. General Mathematics. Quezon City:Rex Bookstore, Inc.,2016. 40- 51

General Mathematics Learner’s Material. First Edition. 2016. pp. 77- 81

*DepED Material: General Mathematics Learner’s Material

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