JAISON’S

ACADEMY
SESSION: 2024-25
CLASS: XII (COMMERCE)
SUBJECT: Informatics Practices
TOPIC: LIBRARY MANAGEMENT

SUBMITTED BY: Yash Singh

STUDENT NAME MRs.Vandna
S.NO. DESCRIPTION

1  LIBRARY MANAGEMENT

2 INTRODUCTION

3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

4  PROPOSED SYSTEM

5 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE



6  PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

7  INITIATION PHASE
8  REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS PHASE
9  DESIGN PHASE

10  SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

11  PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC

12  PLANNING PHASE

13  DEVELOPMENT PHASE

14  INTEGRATION & TESTING PHASE

15  IMPLEMENT PHASE

16  REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS PHASE

17  DESIGN PHASE
18  OPERATION AND MAINTAINANCE PHASE

19  CSV TABLES

20  SOURCE CODE

21  OUTPUT

22  HARDWARE & SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

23  BIBLIOGRAPHY
  
INTRODUCTION

The library management system is basically a database based project done with

help of python language. this project is very usefull for the librarians to keep a count on

what project they have and how much they sold or issuied books. This project
ifield
is mult

project ,so that it can be modified for various purposes.

 
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project is to let the students apply the

programming knowledge into a -real

world situation/problem and exposed the

students how programming

skills helps in developing a good software.

• Write programs utilizing modern software tools.

• Apply object oriented programming principles effectively when developing small

to medium sized projects.

• Write effective procedural code to solve small to m

mediu
sized problems.

• Students will demonstrate a breadth of knowledge in informatics practises , as

exemplified in the areas of systems, theory and software development.

• Students will demonstrate ability to conduct a research or applied Informatics

Practises project, requiring writing and presentation skills which exemplify

scholarly style in informatics practises.

  
PROPOSED SYSTEM:

Today one cannot afford to rely on the fallible human beings of be really wants to

stand against today’s merciless competition where not to wise saying “to err is human” no

longer valid, it’s outdated to rationalize your mistake. So, to keep pace with time, to bring

about the best result without malfunctioning and greater efficiency so to replace the

unending heaps of flies with a much sophisticated hard disk of the computer.

One has to use the data management software. Software has been an ascent in

atomization various organisations. Many software products working are now in markets,

which have helped in making the organizations work easier and efficiently. Data management

initially had to maintain a lot of ledgers and a lot of paper work has to be done but now

software product on this organization has made their work faster and easier. Now only this

software has to be loaded on the computer and work can be done.

This prevents a lot of time and money. The work becomes fully automated and any

information regarding the organization can be obtained by clicking the button.

Moreover, now it’s an age of computers of and automating such an organization gives the

better look.
  
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC):

The systems development life cycle is a project management technique that

divides complex projects into smaller, moreilyeas
managed segments or phases.
Segmenting projects allows managers to verify the successful completion of project
phases before allocating resources to subsequent phases.
Software development projects typically include initiation, planning, design,
development, testing, implementation, and maintenance phases. However, the phases
may be divided differently depending on the organization involved.
For example, initial project activities might be designated as request,
requirements
-definition, and planninghases,
p or initiation, concept
-development,
and planning phases. End users of the system under development should be involved
in reviewing the output of each phase to ensure the system is being built to deliver the
needed functionality

PhASES OF SYSTE
M DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
 
INITIATION PHASE
The Initiation Phase begins when a business sponsor identifies a need or an opportunity.
The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to:
 • Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business accomplishments of
the organization or a deficiency related to a business need.

• Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need.

• Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to satisfy the need
including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a change in
the business process offer a solution?

• Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship. The Sponsor

designates a Project Manager and the business need is documented in a Concept
Proposal. The Concept Proposal includes information about the business process
andthe relationship to the Agency/Organization.

• Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal results in a

Project Management Charter which outlines the authority of the project manager to
begin the project.

 SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE:

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or opportunity is
validated by the Agency/Organization Program Leadership and the
Agency/Organization CIO.

The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:

• Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives.

• Identify system interfaces.

• Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business need.

• Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives, critical success factors,

and performance measures.

• Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the basic

functional requirements
 • Identify and initiate risk mitigat
ion actions, andDevelop high
-level technical
architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of operations. This phase
explores potential technical solutions within the context of the business need.
• It may include several trade
-off decisions suchas the decision to use COTS
software products as opposed to developing custom software or reusing software
components, or the decision to use an incremental delivery versus a complete,
onetime deployment.
• Construction of executable prototypes is encourage
d to evaluate technology
to support the business process. The System Boundary Document serves as an
important reference document to support the Information Technology Project
Request (ITPR) process.
• The ITPR must be approved by the State CIO before the
ject
procan move forward
.
 
PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC:

 
PLANNING PHASE:

The planning phase is the most critical step in completing development, acquisition,
and maintenance projects. Careful planning, particularly in the
rly stages
ea of
a project, is necessary to coordinate activities and manage project risks effectively. The depth
and formality of project plans should be commensurate with the characteristics and risks of
a given project. Project plans refine the information gathered during the initiation phase by
further identifying the specific activities and resources required to complete a
project.

A critical part of a project manager’ sjob is to coordinate discussions between user,

audit, security, design, development, and network personnel to identify and document as
many functional, security, and network requirements as possible. During this phase, a
plan is developed that documents the approach to be used and includes a discussion of
methods, tools, tasks, resources, project schedules, and user input. Personnel assignments,
costs, project schedule, and target dates are established.

A Project Management Plan is created with components related to acquisition

planning, configuration management planning, quality assurance planning, concept
of operations, system security, verification and validation, and systems engineering
management planning.

 
REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS PHASE:

This phase formally defines the detailed functional user requirements using high-
level requirements identified in the Initiation, System Concept, and Planning phases. It also
delineates the requirements in terms of data, system performance, security, and
maintainability requirements for the system. The requirements are defined in this phase to
alevel of detail sufficient for systems design to proceed. They need to be measurable,
testable, and relate to the business need or opportunity identified in the Initiation Phase.
The requirements that will be used to determine acceptance of the system are captured in
the Test and Evaluation MasterPlan.

 The purposes of this phase are to:

• Further define and refine the functional and data requirements and document
them in the Requirements Document,
 • Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be supported (i.e.,
verify what information drives the business process, what information is
generated, who generates it, where does the information go, and who processes it),

• Develop detailed data and process models (system inputs, outputs, and the process.

• Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used to determine
acceptable system performance.

 
DESIGN PHASE:

The design phase involves converting the informational, functional, and network
requirements identified during the initiation and planning phases into unified design
specifications that developers use to scriptprograms during the development phase.
Program designs are c onstructed in various ways. Using a top-down approach, designers
first identify and link majorprogram components and interfaces, then expand design
layouts as they identify and link smaller subsystems and connections. Using a bottom-up
approach, designers first identify and link minor program components and interfaces,
then expand design layouts as they identify and link larger systems and connections.
Contemporary design techniques often use prototyping tools that build mock-up designs of
items such as application screens, database layouts, and system architectures. End users,
designers, developers, database managers, and network administrators should review and
refine the prototyped designs in an iterative process until they agree on an acceptable
design. Audit, security, and quality assurance personnel should be involved in the review
and approval process. During this phase, the system is designed to satisfy the functional
requirements identified in the previous phase. Since problems in the design phase could be
very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software development, a variety of
elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk.

 These include:

• Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design features.
• Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to the new system.

• Determining the operating environment.

• Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs.

• Allocating processes to resources.

• Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software module. The result is a draft
System Design Document which captures the preliminary design for the system.
• Everything requiring user input or approval is documented and reviewed by the user. Once
these documents have been approved by the Agency CIO and Business
Sponsor, the final System Design Document is created to serve as the
Critical/Detailed Design for the system.

• This document receives a rigorous review byAgency technical and functional

representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business requirements. Concurrent with the
development of the system design, the Agency Project Manager begins development of the
Implementation Plan, Operations and Maintenance Manual, and the Training Plan.

 
DEVELOPMENT PHASE:

The development phase involves converting design specifications into

executable programs. Effective development standards include requirements that
programmers and other project participants discuss design specifications before
programming begins. The procedures help ensure programmers clearly understand
program designs and functional requirements. Programmers use various techniques to
develop computer programs. The large transaction oriented programs associated with
financial institutions have traditionally been developed using procedural
programming techniques. Procedural programming involves the line-by-line scripting of
logical instructions that are combined to form a program.Effective completion of
the previous stages is a key factor in the success of the Development phase.
  The Development phase consists of:

• Translating the detailed requirements and design into system components.

• Testing individual elements (units) for usability.

• Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.

 
INTEGRATION AND TEST PHASE:

• Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is conducted during
the integration and test phase. The user, with those responsible for quality assurance,
validates that the functional requirements, as defined in the functional requirements
document, are satisfied by the developed or modified system. OIT Security staff assess
the system security and issue a security certification and accreditation prior to
installation/implementation.

 
Multiple levels of testing are performed, including:

• Testing at the development facility by the contractor and possibly supported

by end users

• Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with contract personnel

• Operational testing by the end user alone performing all functions.

Requirements are traced throughout testing,a final Independent Verification &
Validation evaluation is performed and all documentation is reviewedand
accepted prior to acceptance of the system.

 
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE:
 This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the user.
In this phase, the system is installed to support the intended business functions. System
performance is compared to performance objectives established during the planning
phase. Implementation includes user notification, user training, installation of
hardware, installation of software onto production computers, and integration of the
system into daily work processes. This phase continues until the system is operating in
production in accordance with the defined user requirements.

 
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE:

The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued

performance in accordance with user requirements and needed system modifications
are incorporated. Operations continue as long as the system can be effectively adapted
to respond to the organization’s needs. When modifications or changes are identified,
the system may reenter the planning phase.

 
The purpose of this phase is to:

 • Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

• Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
 • Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the functional requirements
continue to be satisfied.

• Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired.

  CSV TABLES :
 
BOOK AVAILABLE IN LIBRARY:

 
:
BOOKS ISSUED BY MEMBERS
 
MEMBERS OF LIBRARY :

sOURCe CODE:
 OUTPUT:

To get output : press f5

• TO ADD NEW BOOK DETAILS IN A CSV :
ENTER BOOK DETAILS WHICH USER WANT TO PUT IN CSV FILE
• TO SEARCH FOR A BOOK :
ENTER NAME OF BOOK WHICH USER WANT TO SEARCH
 TO DELETE A BOOK:
ENTER BOOK DETAILS TO DELETE A BOOK FROM CSV FILE
 To show all books present in the csv file:

 To add a new member in a library:

ENTER MEMBER DETAILS WHICH USER WANT TO PUT IN CSV FILE
 TO SEARCH FOR A MEMBER:
ENTER MEMBER DETAILS WHOM USER WANT TO SEARCH
  To delete a member :
Enter details of member which user want delete
 To show all members in library:

 For issue a book:

Enter details to issue a book
 FOR RETURN A BOOK:
  To show all issued books:  TO Delete a Issue
a Book:

Enter details to delete a issued books

 To view charts/graphs :
 
Graph between no. of books and their costs
  
Graph for number of issued by
members

 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:



 
SOFTWARE REQIREMENT:

I.OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS 7 AND ABOVE

II. PROCESSOR : PENTIUM(ANY) OR AMD

ATHALON(3800+- 4200+ DUAL

CORE)

III. MOTHERBOARD : 1.845 OR 915,995 FOR PENTIUM 0R MSI

K9MM-V VIA
K8M800+8237R PLUS CHIPSET

FOR AMD ATHALON

VIII. MONITOR : 14.1 or 15 -17 inch

IX. K ey board and mouse : YES

X. Pri nter : (if print is required – [Hard copy])

 
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
• Windows OS

• Python
  BIBLIOGRAPHY:
 INFORMTICS PRACTISES WITH PYTHON,

By Preeti Arora
 WEBSITE: https://www.wikipedia.org

V. Hard disk : 500GB