PHYSICS

Thermodynamics
No. of Questions Maximum Marks Time
30 120 1 Hour
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
• This test contains 30 MCQ's. For each question only one option is correct. Darken the correct circle/ bubble in the
Response Grid provided on each page.
• You have to evaluate your Response Grids yourself with the help of solutions provided at the end of this book.
• Each correct answer will get you 4 marks and 1 mark shall be deduced for each incorrect answer. No mark will be given/
deducted if no bubble is filled. Keep a timer in front of you and stop immediately at the end of 60 min.
• The sheet follows a particular syllabus. Do not attempt the sheet before you have completed your preparation for that
syllabus.
• After completing the sheet check your answers with the solution booklet and complete the Result Grid. Finally spend time
to analyse your performance and revise the areas which emerge out as weak in your evaluation.

1. The relation between U, P and V for an ideal gas in an (a) 4200 J (b) 5000 J
adiabatic process is given by relation U = a + bP V. Find the
(c) 9000 J (d) 9800 J
value of adiabatic exponent ( ) of this gas
3. An insulated container of gas has two chambers separated by
b 1 b 1
(a) (b) an insulating partition. One of the chambers has volume V1
b a and contains ideal gas at pressure P1 and temperature T1.
a 1 a The other chamber has volume V2 and contains ideal gas at
(c) (d)
b a b pressure P2 and temperature T2. If the partition is removed
2. Carbon monoxide is carried around P without doing any work on the gas, the final equilibrium
a closed cycle abc in which bc is an P2 b temperature of the gas in the container will be
isothermal process as shown in the
figure. The gas absorbs 7000 J of heat T1T2 ( PV PV
1 1T1 P2V2T2
a (a) 1 1 P2V2 ) (b)
as its temperture increases from 300 P1 c PV
PV
1 1T2 P2V2T1 1 1 P2V2
K to 1000 K in going from a to b. The O V
quantity of heat rejected by the gas V1 V2
PV
1 1T2 P2V2T1 T1T2 ( PV
1 1 P2V2 )
during the process ca is (c) PV (d)
1 1 P2V2 PV
1 1T1 P2V2T2
 EBD_7504
P-42

4. The efficiency of an ideal gas with adiabatic exponent ‘ ’ for P

the shown cyclic process would be
A
( 2 ln 2 1) 2P0
(a) v
/ 1
2V0 C P0 B
(1 2 ln 2)
(b) /( 1)
V0 2V0 V
( 2 ln 2 1) V0 A
(c) B 9P0 V0 9P0 V0
/( 1) (a) (b)
T0 2T0 T 2nR nR
( 2 ln 2 1)
(d) 9P0 V0 3P0 V0
/( 1) (c) (d)
5. A refrigerator works between 4°C and 30°C. It is required to 4nR 2nR
remove 600 calories of heat every second in order to keep 10. Consider a spherical shell of radius R at temperature T. The
the temperature of the refrigerated space constant. The black body radiation inside it can be considered as an ideal gas
U
power required is: (Take 1 cal = 4.2 joule) of photons with internal energy per unit volume u = T4
(a) 2.365 W (b) 23.65 W (c) 236.5 W (d) 2365 W V
1 U
6. A system goes from A to B via two processes I and II as and pressure p . If the shell now undergoes an
shown in figure. If U1 and U2 are the changes in internal 3 V
energies in the processes I and II respectively, then the adiabatic expansion the relation between T and R is :
relation between U1 and U2 is 1 1
p (a) T (b) T
(a) U1 = U2 II R R3
(b) U2 < U1 A B (c) T e–R (d) T e–3R
I 11. The specific heat capacity of a metal at low temperature (T)
(c) U2 > U1
3
(d) can not be determined v –1 –1 T
is given as C (kJK kg ) 32 . A 100 g vessel of
7. A mass of diatomic gas ( = 1.4) at a pressure of 2 400
atmospheres is compressed adiabatically so that its this metal is to be cooled from 20 K to 4 K by a special
temperature rises from 27°C to 927°C. The pressure of the refrigerator operating at room temperature (27°C). The
gas in final state is amount of work required to cool in vessel is
(a) 28 atm (b) 68.7 atm (c) 256 atm (d) 8 atm (a) equal to 0.002 kJ
8. A diatomic ideal gas is used in a Carnot engine as the working (b) greater than 0.148 kJ
substance. If during the adiabatic expansion part of the cycle (c) between 0.148 kJ and 0.028 kJ
the volume of the gas increases from V to 32 V, the efficiency (d) less than 0.028 kJ
of the engine is 1
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.75 (c) 0.99 (d) 0.25 12. A diatomic ideal gas is compressed adiabatically to of
32
9. 'n' moles of an ideal gas undergoes a process A B as its initial volume. If the initial temperature of the gas is Ti (in
shown in the figure. The maximum temperature of the gas
Kelvin) and the final temperature is aTi, the value of a is
during the process will be :
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 5
Physics P-43

13. In a Carnot engine, the temperature of reservoir is 927°C 18. The temperature-entropy diagram of a reversible engine
and that of sink is 27°C. If the work done by the engine cycle is given in the figure. Its efficiency is
when it transfers heat from reservoir to sink is 12.6 × 106J,
1
the quantity of heat absorbed by the engine from the (a) T
reservoir is 4
2T0
(a) 16.8 × 106 J (b) 4 × 106 J 1
(c) 7.6 × 106 J (d) 4.2 × 106 J (b)
2
14. 5.6 litre of helium gas at STP is adiabatically compressed to 2 T0
0.7 litre. Taking the initial temperature to be T1, the work (c)
3
done in the process is
1 S
9 3 15 9 (d) S0 2S0
(a) RT1 (b) RT1 (c) RT1 (d) RT1 3
8 2 8 2 19. If the ratio of specific heat of a gas at constant pressure to
15. Four curves A, B, C and D are drawn in the figure for a given that at constant volume is , the change in internal energy
amount of a gas. The curves which represent adiabatic and of a mass of gas, when the volume changes from V to 2V at
isothermal changes are constant pressure P, is
R
(a) (b) PV
P B ( 1)
C
A
D
PV PV
(c) (d)
( 1) ( 1)
20. A Carnot engine whose efficiency is 40%, receives heat at
V
500K. If the efficiency is to be 50%, the source temperature
(a) C and D respectively (b) D and C respectively
for the same exhaust temperature is
(c) A and B respectively (d) B and A respectively (a) 900 K (b) 600 K (c) 700 K (d) 800 K
16. A reversible engine converts one-sixth of the heat input 21. Calculate the work done when 1 mole of a perfect gas is
into work. When the temperature of the sink is reduced by compressed adiabatically. The initial pressure and volume
62ºC, the efficiency of the engine is doubled. The of the gas are 105 N/m2 and 6 litre respectively. The final
temperatures of the source and sink are volume of the gas is 2 litres. Molar specific heat of the gas at
(a) 99ºC, 37ºC (b) 80ºC, 37ºC constant volume is 3R/2. [Given (3)5/3 = 6.19]
(c) 95ºC, 37ºC (d) 90ºC, 37ºC (a) –957 J (b) +957 J (c) – 805 J (d) + 805 J
17. When the state of a gas adiabatically changed from an 22. 1 gm of water at a pressure of 1.01 × 105 Pa is converted into
equilibrium state A to another equilibrium state B an amount steam without any change of temperature. The volume of 1
of work done on the stystem is 35 J. If the gas is taken from g of steam is 1671 cc and the latent heat of evaporation is
state A to B via process in which the net heat absorbed by 540 cal. The change in internal energy due to evaporation of
the system is 12 cal, then the net work done by the system 1 gm of water is
is (1 cal = 4.19 J) (a) 167 cal (b) 500 cal
(a) 13.2 J (b) 15.4 J (c) 12.6 J (d) 16.8 J (c) 540 cal (d) 581 cal
 EBD_7504
P-44 NTA JEE Main

23. A diatomic gas initally at 18ºC is compressed adiabatically (a) the source is increased by 50°C
to one eighth of its original volume. The temperature after (b) the sink is decreased by 50°C
compression will be (c) source is increased by 25°C and that of sink is
(a) 18ºC (b) 887ºC (c) 327ºC (d) 395.5°C decreased by 25°C
24. An ideal gas goes from state A to (d) both source and sink are decreased by 25°C each.
state B via three different processes 28. Helium gas goes through a cycle
as indicated in the P-V diagram : P A 1 B C
2 ABCDA (consisting of two isochoric 2p0
If Q1, Q2, Q3 indicate the heat a and isobaric lines) as shown in figure.
absorbed by the gas along the 3 B
Efficiency of this cycle is nearly p0 D
three processes and U1, U2, U3 A
(Assume the gas to be close to ideal
indicate the change in internal
energy along the three processes V gas) V 2V 0 0
respectively, then
(a) 15.4% (b) 9.1% (c) 10.5% (d) 12.5%
(a) Q1 > Q2 > Q3 and U1 = U2 = U3
29. The volume of an ideal gas is 1 litre and its pressure is equal
(b) Q3 > Q2 > Q1 and U1= U2 = U3 to 72 cm of mercury column. The volume of gas is made
(c) Q1 = Q2 = Q3 and U1 > U2 > U3 900 cm3 by compressing it isothermally. The stress of the
(d) Q3 > Q2 > Q1 and U1> U2 > U3 gas will be
(a) 8 cm of Hg (b) 7 cm of Hg
1
25. A Carnot engine, having an efficiency of = as heat (c) 6 cm of Hg (d) 4 cm of Hg
10 30. A gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable frictionless
engine, is used as a refrigerator. If the work done on the
system is 10 J, the amount of energy absorbed from the piston. Its initial thermodynamic state at pressure Pi = 105
reservoir at lower temperature is Pa and volume Vi = 10–3 m3 changes to a final state at Pf = (1/
(a) 99 J (b) 90 J (c) 1 J (d) 100 J 32) × 105 Pa and Vf = 8 × 10–3 m3 in an adiabatic quasi-static
26. In a thermodynamic process, fixed mass of a gas is changed process, such that P3 V5 = constant. Consider another
in such a manner that the gas release 20 J of heat and 8 J of thermodynamic process that brings the system from the same
work was done on the gas. If the initial internal energy of initial state to the same final state in two steps: an isobaric
the gas was 30 J, the final internal energy will be expansion at Pi followed by an isochoric (isovolumetric)
(a) 2 joule (b) 18 joule (c) 42 joule (d) 58 joule
process at volume Vf . The amount of heat supplied to the
27. A Carnot engine is working between 127°C and 27°C. The
increase in efficiency will be maximum when the temperature system in the two-step process is approximately
of (a) 112 J (b) 294 J (c) 588 J (d) 813 J
 PHYSICS

Kinetic Theory
No. of Questions Maximum Marks Time
30 120 1 Hour
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
• This test contains 30 MCQ's. For each question only one option is correct. Darken the correct circle/ bubble in the
Response Grid provided on each page.
• You have to evaluate your Response Grids yourself with the help of solutions provided at the end of this book.
• Each correct answer will get you 4 marks and 1 mark shall be deduced for each incorrect answer. No mark will be given/
deducted if no bubble is filled. Keep a timer in front of you and stop immediately at the end of 60 min.
• The sheet follows a particular syllabus. Do not attempt the sheet before you have completed your preparation for that
syllabus.
• After completing the sheet check your answers with the solution booklet and complete the Result Grid. Finally spend time
to analyse your performance and revise the areas which emerge out as weak in your evaluation.

1. Air is pumped into an automobile tube upto a pressure of 3. A gaseous mixture consists of 16 g of helium and 16 g of
200 kPa in the morning when the air temperature is 22°C.
Cp
During the day, temperature rises to 42°C and the tube oxygen. The ratio of the mixture is
expands by 2%. The pressure of the air in the tube at this Cv
temperature, will be approximately
(a) 1.62 (b) 1.59
(a) 212 kPa (b) 209 kPa
(c) 1.54 (d) 1.4
(c) 206 kPa (d) 200 kPa
4. Two containers A and B are partly filled with water and
2. 4.0 g of a gas occupies 22.4 litres at NTP. The specific heat closed. The volume of A is twice that of B and it contains
capacity of the gas at constant volume is 5.0JK–1. If the
half the amount of water in B. If both are at the same
speed of any quantity x in this gas at NTP is 952 ms–1, then
temperature, the water vapour in the containers will have
the heat capacity at constant pressure is (Take gas constant
pressure in the ratio of
R = 8.3 JK–1 mol–1)
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 1
(a) 7.5 JK–1 mol–1 (b) 7.0 JK–1 mol–1
–1
(c) 8.5 JK mol –1 (d) 8.0 JK–1 mol–1 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 4 : 1
 EBD_7504
P-46

5. The figure shows the volume V versus temperature T graphs 8. Figure shows a parabolic graph between T and 1/V for a
for a certain mass of a perfect gas at two constant pressures mixture of a gases undergoing an adiabatic process. What
of P1 and P2. What inference can you draw from the is the ratio of Vrms of molecules and speed of sound in mixture?
graphs? V P2 T
(a) 3/ 2
(a) P1 > P2 P1
(b) P1 < P2 2
(b) 2 2T0
(c) P1 = P2 1 T T0
(d) No inference can be drawn due to insufficient
information. (c) 2/3 1/V
1/V0 4/V0
6. Consider an ideal gas confined in an isolated closed chamber.
As the gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion, the average (d) 3
time of collision between molecules increases as Vq, where
9. 1 mole of a monatomic and 2 mole of a diatomic gas are
Cp mixed. The resulting gas is taken through a process in which
V is the volume of the gas. The value of q is : molar heat capacity was found 3R. Polytropic constant in
Cv
1 1 the process is
(a) (b) (a) –1/5 (b) 1/5 (c) 2/5 (d) –2/5
2 2
10. A thermally insulated vessel contains an ideal gas of
3 5 5 3 molecular mass M and ratio of specific heats . It is moving
(c) (d)
6 6 with speed v and it suddenly brought to rest. Assuming no
7. Work done by a system under isothermal change from a heat is lost to the surroundings, its temperature increases
volume V1 to V2 for a gas which obeys Vander Waal's by
n2 ( –1) Mv 2
equation (V n) P nRT is (a) Mv 2 K (b) K
V 2 R 2R
( – 1) ( –1)
(c) Mv 2 K (d) Mv 2 K
V2 n V1 V2 2( 1) R
(a) nRT log e n2 2R
V1 n V1V2 11. The temperature at which proton in hydrogen gas would
have enough energy to overcome a barrier of 4.14 × 10–14 J is
V2 n V1 V2
(b) nRT log10 n2 (Boltzmann constant = 1.38 × 10–23 JK–1)
V1 n V1V2 (a) 2 × 109 K (b) 109 K (c) 6 × 109 K (d) 3 × 109 K
V2 n V1 V2 12. If 2 moles of an ideal monatomic gas at temperature T0 is
(c) nRT loge n2 mixed with 4 moles of another ideal monatomic gas at
V1 n V1V2
temperature 2T0, then the temperature of the mixture is
V1 n V1V2 5 3 4 5
(d) nRT log e n2 (a) T0 (b) T0 (c) T0 (d) T0
V2 n V1 – V2 3 2 3 4
Physics P-47

13. The root mean square velocity of hydrogen molecules at 19. The temperature of the mixture of one mole of helium and
300 K is 1930 metre/sec. Then the r.m.s velocity of oxygen one mole of hydrogen is increased from 0°C to 100°C at
molecules at 1200 K will be constant pressure. The amount of heat delivered will be
(a) 482.5 metre/sec (b) 965 metre/sec (a) 600 cal (b) 1200 cal
(c) 1930 metre/sec (d) 3860 metre/sec (c) 1800 cal (d) 3600 cal
14. For a gas, difference between two specific heats is 5000 J/ 20. The P-V diagram of a diatomic gas is a straight line passing
mole°C. If the ratio of specific heats is 1.6, the two specific through origin. The molar heat capacity of the gas in the
heats in J/mole-°C are process will be
(a) CP = 1.33 × 104, CV = 2.66 × 104
4R
(b) CP = 13.3 × 104, CV = 8.33 × 103 (a) 4 R (b) 2.5 R (c) 3 R (d)
3
(c) CP = 1.33 × 104, CV = 8.33 × 103
21. Three perfect gases at absolute temperatures T1, T2 and T3
(d) CP = 2.6 × 104, CV = 8.33 × 104 are mixed. The masses of molecules are m1, m2 and m3 and
15. A graph is plotted with PV/T on y-axis and mass of the gas the number of molecules are n1, n2 and n3 respectively.
along x-axis for different gases. The graph is Assuming no loss of energy, the final temperature of the
(a) a straight line parallel to x-axis for all the gases mixture is :
(b) a straight line passing through origin with a slope
n1T1 n2T2 n3T3 n1T12 n2T22 n3T32
having a constant value for all the gases (a) (b)
n1 n2 n3 n1T1 n2T2 n3T3
(c) a straight line passing through origin with a slope
having different values for different gases
n12T12 n22T22 n32T32 T1 T2 T3
(d) a straight line parallel to y-axis for all the gases (c) (d)
n1T1 n2T2 n3T3 3
16. A gas mixture consists of 2 moles of oxygen and 4 moles of
Argon at temperature T. Neglecting all vibrational moles, 22. A sample of an ideal gas occupies a volume V at a pressure
the total internal energy of the system is P and absolute temperature T. The mass of each molecule is
(a) 4 RT (b) 15 RT (c) 9 RT (d) 11RT m. The equation for density is
17. One mole of a gas occupies 22.4 lit at N.T.P. Calculate the (a) m k T (b) P/k T
difference between two molar specific heats of the gas. (c) P/(k T V) (d) P m/k T
J = 4200 J/kcal. 23. N molecules, each of mass m, of gas A and 2 N molecules, each
(a) 1.979 k cal/kmol K (b) 2.378 k cal/kmol K of mass 2 m, of gas B are contained in the same vessel which
(c) 4.569 kcal/kmol K (d) 3.028 k cal/ kmol K is maintained at a temperature T. The mean square velocity of
18. If the intermolecular forces vanish away, the volume molecules of B type is denoted by V2 and the mean square
occupied by the molecules contained in 4.5 g water at V
standard temperature and pressure will be velocity of A type is denoted by V1, then 1 is
V2
(a) 5.6 litre (b) 4.5 litre
(c) 11.2 litre (d) 6.5 litre (a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 1/3 (d) 2/3
 EBD_7504
P-48

24. A vessel has 6g of hydrogen at pressure P and temperature of 1 litre capacity, without any change in temperature. The
500K. A small hole is made in it so that hydrogen leaks out. total pressure would be
How much hydrogen leaks out if the final pressure is P/2 (a) 1.5 atm (b) 0.5 atm (c) 2.0 atm (d) 1.0 atm
and temperature falls to 300 K ? 28. If the potential energy of a gas molecule is
(a) 2g (b) 3g (c) 4g (d) 1g U = M/r6 – N/r12, M and N being positive constants. Then
25. The work of 146 kJ is performed in order to compress one the potential energy at equilibrium must be
kilomole of gas adiabatically and in this process the (a) zero (b) M2/4N (c) N2/4M (d) MN2/4
temperature of the gas increases by 7°C. The gas is (R = 8.3 29. Consider a gas with density and c as the root mean
J mol–1 K–1) square velocity of its molecules contained in a volume. If
(a) diatomic the system moves as whole with velocity v, then the pressure
(b) triatomic exerted by the gas is
(c) a mixture of monatomic and diatomic 1 2 1
(d) monatomic (a) c (b) (c v ) 2
3 3
26. The molar heat capacities of a mixture of two gases at constant
1 1
volume is 13R/6. The ratio of number of moles of the first gas (c) (c – v) 2 (d) (c –2 – v ) 2
to the second is 1 : 2. The respective gases may be 3 3
(a) O2 and N2 (b) He and Ne 30. At 10° C the value of the density of a fixed mass of an ideal
(c) He and N2 (d) N2 and He gas divided by its pressure is x. At 110°C this ratio is:
27. One litre of oxygen at a pressure of 1 atm, and 2 litres of 383 10 283
(a) x (b) x (c) x (d) x
nitrogen at a pressure of 0.5 atm are introduced in the vessel 283 110 383