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Assignment Designs For University Student

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25 views6 pages

Assignment Designs For University Student

Uploaded by

xafariqbal333
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment No 2

Submitted By:
Zafar Iqbal
Subject Name:
Database Systems

Class:
BS. AI 2nd

Roll No:
47

Session:
2023-2027

Submitted To:
Mr. Mehtab Mushtaq

UNIVERSITY OF KOTLI AJK

1
3.18: Examine the documentation sets of Microsoft SQL Server,
Oracle, and IBM’s DB2 system to identify their support for the fol-
lowing:
1.client–server architecture
2.Web services
3.service-oriented architecture

Answer:

1 Client–server architecture
All three DBMSs support a client-server architecture, which is a fundamental
concept for database systems.

1.1 Microsoft SQL Server:


• Operates on a client-server model where the database server (SQL Server)
handles queries, transactions, and processing, while client applications
(e.g., SQL Server Management Studio, or custom applications) connect to
the server to send requests.
• Supports connectivity via various protocols, such as TCP/IP, Named
Pipes, and Shared Memory.

1.2 Oracle Database:


• Uses a client-server model with dedicated database processes on the server.
• Clients can connect to the database using Oracle Net Services.
• Provides tools like SQL*Plus and Oracle SQL Developer for interaction
with the database.

1.3 IBM DB2:


• Adopts the client-server architecture with DB2 database engines running
on servers and client tools or applications connecting via protocols like
TCP/IP.
• Offers features like DB2 Connect for integrating DB2 databases with client
systems.

2 Web services
All these DBMSs provide web service integration capabilities to allow applica-
tions to interact with databases over the web.

2
2.1 Microsoft SQL Server:
• Provides support for RESTful web services through SQL Server Reporting
Services (SSRS) and SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS).
• Allows exposing stored procedures and queries as web services using the
Microsoft OData protocol.
• Supports SOAP-based services for application integration.

2.2 Oracle Database:


• Offers Oracle REST Data Services (ORDS), which allows RESTful APIs
to interact with database objects like tables, queries, and procedures.
• Includes SOAP and REST-based integration with Oracle Fusion Middle-
ware and other Oracle tools.

2.3 IBM DB2:


• Provides REST API capabilities, enabling applications to interact with
database objects using standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT,
DELETE).

• Includes web services integration through IBM Data Server Gateway for
RESTful and SOAP-based services.

3 Service-oriented architecture (SOA)


SOA refers to designing systems that interact via loosely coupled services. All
three DBMSs integrate seamlessly into SOA environments.

3.1 Microsoft SQL Server:


• Can be used in SOA by exposing its data and procedures as services using
SSRS, SSIS, and OData.

• Easily integrates with Microsoft’s SOA-based tools like BizTalk Server.

3.2 Oracle Database:


• A core component of Oracle’s SOA Suite, which provides a platform for
building, deploying, and managing SOA applications.
• Supports SOA patterns using web services, messaging (JMS), and inte-
gration frameworks.

3
3.3 IBM DB2:
• Integrates with IBM’s SOA infrastructure via IBM WebSphere.
• Provides tools like DB2 Connect to enable database services in SOA ar-
chitectures.

3.19: Search the Web for a number of Web services other than the
ones discussed in Section 3.2. What do these services have in com-
mon? Identify whether the services access a database.

Answer:
Web Services

Google Maps API:


• Provides mapping, geocoding, and directions functionality via RESTful
APIs.
• Does not directly interact with databases but accesses Google’s internal
geolocation data.
Amazon S3 API:
• Enables storage and retrieval of data in the cloud.
• Acts as a storage layer that often integrates with databases for data access
and processing.
Stripe API:
• Facilitates online payment processing via REST APIs.
• Interacts with databases to store transaction records and user data se-
curely.
Twilio API:
• Allows sending and receiving SMS, voice, and WhatsApp messages via
REST APIs.
• Uses databases internally to store user communication records.
YouTube Data API:
• Enables access to video metadata, playlists, and other data.
• Relies on databases for managing video content, comments, and user data.
Common Features of Web Services
• Protocol:

4
• Use standard web protocols (HTTP/HTTPS) for communication.
• Format: Exchange data using formats like JSON or XML.
• Authentication:
• Often require API keys, OAuth tokens, or session-based security mecha-
nisms.
• Accessibility:
• Can be accessed programmatically by various client applications (web,
mobile, etc.).
• Database Access:
• While some services directly access databases (e.g., Stripe, Amazon S3),
others (e.g., Google Maps) access other structured or unstructured data.
3.20: Based on the Oracle architecture described in section 3.7,
examine the structure of two other DBMSs of your choice. Describe
features common to all three DMBSs.

Answer:
Oracle Database Architecture
Components:
• Instance: Composed of the System Global Area (SGA) and background
processes.
• Database: Physical files stored on disk (data files, control files, redo
logs).
• Tools: Includes SQL*Plus, Oracle SQL Developer, and Oracle Enterprise
Manager.
Microsoft SQL Server Architecture
Components:
• Instance: Contains a relational engine and storage engine.
• Storage: Database objects are stored in .mdf, .ndf, and .ldf files.
• Tools: Includes SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and SQL Server
Data Tools (SSDT).
• Features: Provides high availability with Always On Availability Groups,
in-memory databases, and integration with cloud services.
IBM DB2 Architecture
Components:

5
• Instance: Includes database manager processes and memory structures.
• Storage: Uses tablespaces to manage database objects and data files.
• Tools: Includes IBM Data Studio for management and DB2 Connect for
integration.

• Features: Offers built-in analytics, advanced compression, and support


for both row-based and columnar storage.
Common Features of Oracle, SQL Server, and DB2
1. Relational Model: All follow the relational database model, supporting
SQL for querying and manipulation.
2. Scalability: Designed to handle enterprise-scale applications with fea-
tures like clustering and load balancing.
3. ACID Compliance: Transactions in all three databases adhere to the
ACID properties.

4. Backup and Recovery: Provide robust tools for database backups and
recovery (e.g., RMAN in Oracle, SQL Server Agent, and DB2’s Backup
utility).
5. Cross-Platform Support: Work on multiple operating systems, includ-
ing Windows, Linux, and Unix.
6. Security: Implement role-based access, encryption, and authentication
mechanisms.

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