EXPERIMENT NO.

7
FILE ORGANIZATION TECHNIQUES

A) SINGLE LEVEL DIRECTORY:

AIM: Program to simulate Single level directory file organization technique.

DESCRIPTION:
The directory structure is the organization of files into a hierarchy of folders. In a single-level
directory system, all the files are placed in one directory. There is a root directory which has all
files. It has a simple architecture and there are no sub directories. Advantage of single level
directory system is that it is easy to find a file in the directory.

SOURCE CODE :
#include<stdio.h>
struct
{
char dname[10],fname[10][10];
int fcnt;
}dir;

void main()
{
int i,ch; char
f[30]; clrscr();
dir.fcnt = 0;
printf("\nEnter name of directory -- ");
scanf("%s", dir.dname);
while(1)
{
printf("\n\n1. Create File\t2. Delete File\t3. Search File \n
4. Display Files\t5. Exit\nEnter your choice -- ");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1: printf("\nEnter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",dir.fname[dir.fcnt]);
dir.fcnt++; break;
case 2: printf("\nEnter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(i=0;i<dir.fcnt;i++)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir.fname[i])==0)
{
printf("File %s is deleted ",f); strcpy(dir.fname[i],dir.fname[dir.fcnt-1]); break;
}

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 }
if(i==dir.fcnt)
printf("File %s not found",f);
else

dir.fcnt--;
break;
case 3: printf("\nEnter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(i=0;i<dir.fcnt;i++)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir.fname[i])==0)
{
printf("File %s is found ", f);
break;
}
}
if(i==dir.fcnt)
printf("File %s not found",f);
break;
case 4: if(dir.fcnt==0)
printf("\nDirectory Empty");
else
{
printf("\nThe Files are -- ");
for(i=0;i<dir.fcnt;i++)
printf("\t%s",dir.fname[i]);
}
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}
getch();}

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OUTPUT:

Enter name of directory -- CSE

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 1

Enter the name of the file -- A

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 1

Enter the name of the file -- B

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 1

Enter the name of the file -- C

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 4

The Files are -- A B C

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 3

Enter the name of the file – ABC File

ABC not found
1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 2

Enter the name of the file – B

File B is deleted
1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File
4. Display Files 5. Exit Enter your choice – 5

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B) TWO LEVEL DIRECTORY

AIM: Program to simulate two level file organization technique

Description:
In the two-level directory system, each user has own user file directory (UFD). The system
maintains a master block that has one entry for each user. This master block contains the
addresses of the directory of the users. When a user job starts or a user logs in, the system's
master file directory (MFD) is searched. When a user refers to a particular file, only his own UFD
is searched.

SOURCE CODE :

#include<stdio.h>
struct
{
char dname[10],fname[10][10];
int fcnt;
}dir[10];

void main()
{
int i,ch,dcnt,k; char
f[30], d[30]; clrscr();
dcnt=0;
while(1)
{
printf("\n\n1. Create Directory\t2. Create File\t3. Delete File");
printf("\n4. Search File\t\t5. Display\t6. Exit\t Enter your choice --");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1: printf("\nEnter name of directory -- ");
scanf("%s", dir[dcnt].dname);
dir[dcnt].fcnt=0;
dcnt++;
printf("Directory created"); break;
case 2: printf("\nEnter name of the directory -- ");
scanf("%s",d);
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
if(strcmp(d,dir[i].dname)==0)
{
printf("Enter name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",dir[i].fname[dir[i].fcnt]);

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 dir[i].fcnt++;
printf("File created");
}
if(i==dcnt)
printf("Directory %s not found",d);
break;
case 3: printf("\nEnter name of the directory -- ");
scanf("%s",d);
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
{
if(strcmp(d,dir[i].dname)==0)
{
printf("Enter name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(k=0;k<dir[i].fcnt;k++)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir[i].fname[k])==0)
{
printf("File %s is deleted ",f);
dir[i].fcnt--;
strcpy(dir[i].fname[k],dir[i].fname[dir[i].fcnt]);
goto jmp;
}
}

printf("File %s not found",f); goto jmp;

}
}
printf("Directory %s not found",d);
jmp : break;
case 4: printf("\nEnter name of the directory -- ");
scanf("%s",d);
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
{
if(strcmp(d,dir[i].dname)==0)
{
printf("Enter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(k=0;k<dir[i].fcnt;k++)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir[i].fname[k])==0)
{
printf("File %s is found ",f); goto jmp1;
}
}
printf("File %s not found",f); goto jmp1;
} Page 44
}
 printf("Directory %s not found",d); jmp1: break;
case 5: if(dcnt==0)
printf("\nNo Directory's ");
else
{
printf("\nDirectory\tFiles");
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
{
printf("\n%s\t\t",dir[i].dname);
for(k=0;k<dir[i].fcnt;k++)
printf("\t%s",dir[i].fname[k]);
}
}
break;

default:exit(0);
}
}
getch();
}

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OUTPUT

1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File

4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice -- 1
Enter name of directory -- DIR1 Directory created

1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File

4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit Enter your choice -- 1
Enter name of directory -- DIR2 Directory created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit Enter your choice -- 2
Enter name of the directory – DIR1
Enter name of the file -- A1
File created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice -- 2
Enter name of the directory – DIR1

Enter name of the file -- A2

File created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6.
Exit Enter your choice – 6

VIVA QUESTIONS
1. Define directory?
2. List the different types of directory structures?
3. What is the advantage of hierarchical directory structure?
4. Which of the directory structures is efficient? Why?
5. What is acyclic graph directory?

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