Machine Learning JNTU HYDERABAD MACHINE LEARNING B.TECH. /CSE é IT/R16 & R18 UNIT -I Introduction: Well-posed learning problems, designing a learning system, Perspectives and issues in machine. Learning Concept learning and the general to specific ordering: Introduction, a concept learning task, concept learning as search, find-S: finding a maximally specific hypothesis, version spaces and the candidate elimination algorithm, remarks on version spaces and candidate elimination, inductive bias. Decision Tree Learning: Introduction, decision tree representation, appropriate problems for decision tree learning, the basic decision tree learning algorithm, hypothesis space search in decision tree learning, inductive bias in decision tree learning, issues in decision tree learning. UNIT - 1 Artificial Neural Networks ~ 1: Introduction, neural network representation, appropriate problems for neural network learning, perceptions, multilayer networks and the back-propagation algorithm. Artificial Neural Networks ~ 2: Remarks on the Back-Propagation algorithm, An illustrative example: face recognition, advanced topics in artificial neural networks. Evaluation Hypotheses: Motivation, estimation hypothesis accuracy, basics of sampling theory, a general approach for deriving confidence intervals, difference in error of two hypotheses, comparing learning algorithms. Page 1 of 191¢ Learning, Riyaz Mohammed ‘UNIT - 111 Bayesian learning: Introduction, Bayes theorem, Bayes theorem and concept learning, Maximum Likelihood and least squared error hypotheses, maximum likelihood hypotheses for predicting probabilities, minimum description length principle, Bayes optimal classifier, Gibs algorithm, Naive Bayes classifier, an example: learning to classify text, Bayesian belief networks, the EM algorithm, Computational learning theo: approximately correct hypothesis, sample complexity for finite hyp Introduction, probably learning an thesis space, sample complexity for infinite hypothesis spaces, the mistake bound model of learning. Instance-Based Learning: Introduction, k-nearest neighbour algorithm, locally weighted regression, radial basis functions, case-based reasoning, remarks on lazy and eager learning UNIT - IV Genetic Algorithms: Motivation, Genetic algorithms, an illustrative example, hypothesis space search, genetic programming, models of evolution and learning, parallelizing genetic algorithms, Learning Sets of Rules: Introduction, sequential covering algorithms, learning rule sets: summary, learning First-Order rules, learning sets of First- Order rules: FOIL, Induction as inverted deduction, inverting resolution. Reinforcement Learning: Introduction, the learning task, Q-learning, non- deterministic, rewards and actions, temporal difference learning, generalizing from examples, relationship to dynamic programming. UNIT -V Analytical Learning ~ 1: Introduction, learning with perfect domain theories: PROLOG-EBG, remarks on explanation-based learning, explanation-based learning of search control knowledge. Analytical Learning ~ 2: Using prior knowledge to alter the search objective, using prior knowledge to sugment search operators.