DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE

PHILIPPINES, INC.
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

FIRST SEMESTER SY: 2022-2023

INTRODUCTION
Human Behavior and Victimology covers the study of human behavior with emphasis on the concept of
human development and abnormal behavior. It includes strategies and approaches for handling different
kinds of abnormal behavior in relation to law enforcement and criminal proceedings. It also includes the
study of victimization, the role of community and techniques in assisting offenders’ reintegration and victim
recovery.
TOPIC 1. OVERVIEW OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
BEHAVIOR
 It refers to the actions of organism or system, usually in relation to its environment, which includes
the other organisms or systems around as well as the physical environment.
 It is the response of the organism or system to various stimuli or inputs.
 Behavior is anything that you do that can be directly observed, measured and repeated.

HUMAN BEHAVIOR
 The range of actions and mannerisms exhibited by humans in conjunction with their environment,
responding to various stimuli or inputs, whether external or internal, conscious or subconscious,
overt or covert and voluntary or involuntary.

This is influenced by:

a. Attitudes h. beliefs
b. Emotions i. reasoning
c. Culture j. values
d. Ethics k. religion
e. Authority l. rapport
f. Motivation m. persuasion
g. Coercion n. genetics
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
 It is the process of a person’s growth and maturation throughout their lifespan, concerned with the
creation of an environment where people are able to develop their full interests and need.

 Physical development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills,
and health and wellness.

 Cognitive development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and
creativity.

 Psychosocial development involves emotions, personality, and social relationships.

 A. PERSONALITY THEORY - Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns
of thinking, feeling and behaving.
I. Psychoanalytic Theory by Sigmund Freud
The Structure of Personality or Tripartite Personality
1. ID – The pleasure principle. It wants immediate satisfaction with no consideration for the reality of
the situation. It is the childish, selfish, primitive, pleasure-oriented part of personality with no ability
to delay gratification.
2. EGO – The moderator between the id and super ego which seeks compromise to pacify both. It is
also known as reality principle.
3. SUPER EGO – It internalizes society and parental standards of good and bad, right or wrong.
LEVEL OF AWARENESS
1. The Conscious Level – It consist of whatever sensation and experiences you are aware at a given
moment of time.
2. The Preconscious Level – Encompasses experiences that are not conscious at the moment but
can easily be retrieved into awareness. It is also known available memory.
3. The Unconscious Level – The deepest and major stratum of the human mind.

MODEL OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT (PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGE)

TWO BASIC INSTINCT

Instinct - a natural desire or tendency that makes you want to act in a particular way.
1. Eros – named after the Greek God of love. It includes the sex drives and drives such as hunger
and thirst.
2. Thanatos – named after Greek God of death. It includes destructive motives. It highly influences
the personality of a person.

II. TRAITS THEORY

It refers to the characteristics of an individual, describing a habitual way of behaving, thinking and feeling.

Kinds of Trait by ALLPORT:

1. Common Traits – Personality traits that are shared by most members of a particular culture.
2 Individual Traits – Personality that define a person’s unique individual qualities.
3. Cardinal Traits – It is a powerful and dominating behavioral predisposition that provides the
pivotal point in a person’s entire life.
4. Central Traits – The core traits that characterize an individual’s personality.
5. Secondary Traits – Traits that are inconsistent and appears only in specific circumstances.
Kinds of Trait by GOLDBERG:
1. Extraversion - sociable, outgoing, talkative, assertive, persuasive, decisive and active.
2. Neuroticism – prone to emotional instability. They tend to experience negative emotions and to be
moody, irritable, nervous and prone to worry.
3. Conscientiousness – individuals who are dependable, organized, reliable, responsible, thorough
and hardworking.
4. Agreeableness – individuals who are pleasant, good natured, warm, sympathetic and cooperative.
5. Openness to Experience – individual who are imaginative, curious, broad minded, and cultured.
Kinds of Trait by EYSENCK:
1. Extrovert – person that is sociable, out-going, and active.
2. Introvert – person that is withdrawn, quiet, and introspective.
3. Emotionally Unstable – person who are anxious, excitable, and easily disturbed.

TEMPERAMENT
 It refers to the fundamental groundwork of character, generally presumed to be biologically
determined and existent early in life. The part of your character that affects your moods and the
way behave.
Types of Temperament:
1. Melancholic – sad, gloomy
2.Choleric – hot-tempered, irritable
3. Phlegmatic – sluggish, calm
4. Sanguine - cheerful, hopeful

Psychological Studies in Relation to Crime and Delinquency

1. August Aichorn (Wayward Youth)
T h e c a u s e o f c r i m
life. The child as a human being normally follows only his pleasure impulse instinctive.
2. Cyril Burt (General Emotionality)
Criminals are weak willed or easily led because of a deficiency of a particular instinct.
3. William Healy (Individual Delinquency)
Frustration of the individual causes emotional discomfort; personality demands removal of pain, and
pain is eliminated by substitute behavior, that is, crime delinquency of the individual.
4. Walter Bromberg(Crime and the Mind)
Criminality is the result of emotional immaturity. A person is emotionally matured if he has learned to
control his emotion effectively and who lives at peace with himself and harmony with the standards of
conduct which are acceptable to society.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY by JEAN PIAGET

SOCIO-CULTURAL THEORY or SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY by LEV VYGOTZKY

 It argues that social interaction precedes development. This is the foundation of constructivism.
Constructivism asserts that human construct knowledge and meaning from their experience.
BIO-ECOLOGICAL THEORY or HUMAN ECOLOGY THEORY by URIE BRONFENBRENNER
FIVE ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS:
1. MICROSYSTEM – The direct environment we have in our lives. This is the setting in which we have
direct social interactions with these social agents.
2. MESOSYSTEM – The mesosystem involves the relationships between the microsystems in one’s life.
3. EXOSYSTEM – The setting in which there is link between the context where in person does not have
any active role and the context where in is actively participating.
4. MACROSYSTEM – The actual culture of an individual.
5. CHRONOSYSTEM – This involves the transitions and shifts in one lifespan.
MORAL DEVELOPMENT BY LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
 This theory made us understand that morality starts from the early childhood years and can be
affected by several factors.
 He found out that children are faced with different moral issues, and their judgements on whether
they are to act positively or negatively over each dilemma are heavily influenced by several factors.