TEST 4

SECTION ONE. LISTENING (40 pts)

Part 1: You will hear an interview with Roland Brundy, the new chairman of the television channel
GTV.
For questions 1-5, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.
1. According to Roland Brundy, what will be the result of competition within the media?
A. a narrower range of programmes on GTV
B. the development of new technology
C. an increase in GTV’s staff numbers
D. greater potential for creativity
2. Roland feels that in order to have ‘artistic’ standing, a channel needs
A. an awareness of history. B. to build up expertise.
C. accomplished actors. D. to buy expensive programmes.
3. According to Roland, the main problem in reacting to competition is that
A. it is hard to avoid copying others.
B. all solutions are open to criticism.
C. viewers object to change.
D. it is hard to interpret the market accurately.
4. How does Roland feel about the impact of technology?
A. sceptical B. undecided C. negative D. fearful
5. Roland says that one problem with his type of work is that it is hard to
A. adapt to change. B. operate objectively.
C. judge its importance. D. measure your success.
Part 2: For question 6-10, listen to a piece of BBC news
Listen and decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
6. The Child Well-Being Index has been going for over 75 years.
7. The child death rate has halved since 1975.
8. Children's health has got worse in the past two decades.
9. The report says obesity causes an abundance of fast food.
10. The number of kids below the poverty line hasn't changed for 20 years.
PART 3. For question 11-20, Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS
for each answer.
Australian Aboriginal Art
ANCIENT ART
Rock and bark painting
Sand drawings
(11) .....................................
Decorations on weapons and tools
Cave art
protected from (12) .........................
styles include dot paintings (e.g. arrows, water holes and (13)............... ) and naturalistic art
main function: (14) .................................
Use of ochre
Reason
readily available
soil or rock contains (15) ......................
produces many colours and shades of red
artist's palette found that is (16)................... old
Preparation
ochre collected
turned into a (17) ....................
fluid binder, e.g. tree sap or (18) ............................... added
MODERN ART
Artists use acrylic colours and (19) ....................
Paint and decorate pottery and a range of (20) .........................
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SECTION TWO: PHONETICS
Part 1. Pick up the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others. (3pts)
21. A. canal B. casino C. canary D. canon
22. A. century B. culture C. coin D. camel
23. A. debt B. nib C. absorb D. absent
Part 2. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others in each group. (2pts)
24. A. identity B. result C. heritage D. unique
25. A. musician B. electronic C. alive D. creation
Part 3. For questions 26-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to each of the following
questions. (10pts)
26. Jack has egg ______ because he couldn't remember how to spell "Batman"!
A. on his teeth B. on his face C. on his shirt D. on his fingers
27. As the maestro lifted his baton the theater was so still you could hear ______ .
A. his heartbeat B. a pin drop C. bird wings D. the drum beating
28. I don't agree with you, but your idea certainly gives me food _____.
A. for fun B. for considerC. for thought D. for thinking
29. I think I understand the nuts and ______ of the operation.
A. screws B. hammer C. nails D. bolts
30. I'll be back in the twinkling of ______ .
A. an eye B. a lighting bolt C. a smile D. a laugh
31. Look, I will pay you back. Would you please call the ______?!
A. hunters off B. tigers off C. dogs off D. apes off
32. Ever since he married Jane, he's had a new ______ on life.
A. rent B. lease C. title D. loan
33. Oh, I'm sorry. I shouldn't have said that. I guess I really put my ______ in my mouth.
A. foot B. hand C. elbow D. knee
34. You need to keep a stiff ______ no matter what! Don't get nervous!
A. nose B. right arm C. eyebrow D. upperlip
35. I think you can take what he says at ______ value.
A. real B. face C. true D. straight
Part 4. For questions 36-40, each of the following sentences contains ONE mistake. FIND and
CORRECT it. (5pts)
36. There were too many books on the shelves that I didn’t know which one to choose.
37. He is the man that his novel won the Pulitzer prize last year.
38. While preparing for your wedding, keeping in mind that this is just the first step in your future
lives of love together.
39. Species become extinct or danger for a number of reasons, but the primary cause is the
destruction of habitat by human activities.
40. The Southeast Asian Games, also knowing as the SEA Games, is a biennial multi-sport event
involving participants from the current eleven countries of Southeast Asia.
Part 5. For questions 41- 45, supply the correct form of each word given in brackets. (5pts)
No matter how well-(41) (intend) _____ their bosses may be, many smokers feel persecuted _____ by their
firms' (42) (smoke) _____, policies. “Just call me Sneaky Pete,” says a salesman of novelty items who
would face being fired if his smoking habit was discovered. Says he: “It’s (43) (credit)__________ unfair. I
was a smoker when they hired me, and then, out of the blue, I’m supposed to stop just because the boss
says so”. Some employees fear their chances for advancement may be choked off by their smoking habit
though (44) (favor) _____ toward nonsmokers is rarely (45) (explicate) _____. Len Bell, director of human
resources at Pacific Northwest Bell, says a bias against smoking "could be in the back of a manager's mind
when making decisions on a promotion.
Part 6. For questions 46-50, complete each sentence with a suitable form of one of the phrasal verbs in
the box. Use each one ONCE only. There is an extra one that you do not need to use. (5pts)
cut down on come up to cook up count on cut off get down
46: Robert ________________ a story about his car having broken down.
47. Don’t ________________ Lisa because she is a compulsive liar.

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48. He________________ coffee, alcoholic drink and ate a balanced diet.
49. Carol’s performance didn’t really ________________ her usual high standard.
50. One of the goals of the campaign is to _______________ the enemy from its supplies.
SECTION THREE. READING COMPREHENSION
Part 1. For questions 51-60, read the following passage and choose the answer A, B, C or D best fits
each gap. (10pts)
One of the groups of consumers targeted by advertisers is, oddly enough, a group with very little money of
its own, but which has a huge (51) ______ the way others spend their money. And in some ways, children
and advertisers could have been made for (52) ______. After all, it is easy to fool younger children
into believing (53) ______ anything and if an advertisement shows them how Biffo Breakfast Cereal will
help them run faster than their friends, then (54) ______ they are concerned, that is the truth. They also
have strong feelings of admiration for action heroes or cartoon characters or sports stars, and will want to
be (55) ______their favourite star, and drink the same cola or eat the same sweets. And when children want
something badly enough, they won't stop nagging their parents until they (56) ______ it. Advertisements
will even (57) ______them with the arguments they can use when they are told that a water-firing robot or
a giant chocolate bar is not good (58) ______, or too expensive, or not available in the supermarket. This is
why most EU countries place (59) ______upon television advertising aimed at children. Some countries
have (60) ______ban on ads promoting toys during children's programmes.
51. A. cause of B. reason why C. influence upon D. outcome which
52. A. each other B. the worst C. ever D. the time being
53. A. more and more B. all in all C. as good as D. just about
54. A. unless B. whatsoever C. as far as D. supposing
55. A. just like B. exactly the same C. as is D. in imitation
56. A. stop B. achieve C. gain D. get
57. A. offer B. explain C. fill D. supply
58. A. at it B. for them C. with them D. to it
59. A. handicaps B. rules C. restrictions D. conditions
60. A. a total B. an utter C. as sheer D. a thorough
Part 2. For questions 61-70, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use
only ONE word in each gap. (10pts)
THE CULT OF CELEBRITY
Once, children had ambitions to be doctors, explorers, sportsmen, artists or scientists. Now taking their lead
from TV, they just "want to be famous". Fame is no longer a reward for gallant service or great, perhaps even
selfless endeavour. It is an end in (61) ______, and the sooner it can be achieved, the sooner the lonely bedroom
mirror can be replaced by the TV camera and flash gun, the better. Celebrity is the profession (62)_____ the
moment, a vainglorious vocation which, (63) ______ some 18th- century royal court, seem to exist largely so
that the rest of us might watch and be amazed (64) ______ its members live out their lives in public, like self-
regarding members of some glittering soap opera.
Today, almost (65) ______ can be famous. Never has fame (66) ______ more democratic, more ordinary,
more achievable. (67)______ wonder it's modern ambition. It's easy to see why people crave celebrity, (68)
______ generations reared on the instant fame offered by television want to step out of the limousine (69)
______ the flashlights bouncing around them. Who doesn't want to be the centre of attention at some time
in their lives?
Modern celebrity, peopled by the largely vain and vacuous, fills a need in our lives. It peoples talks shows,
sells goods and newspapers and rewards the famous for-well, (70) ______famous.
Part 3. For questions 71-75, read the text below and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D for each of
the questions. (5pts)
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from
about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we
need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability,
risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease.
These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas
continues.

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 How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are
governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities
mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever
before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and
societal development. Well-managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale
and network effects while reducing the impact on climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can
make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can
spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For
example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment
opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create
severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants.
The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban
expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary
conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face
of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each
of these areas, we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the
mechanism of insurance.
(Adapted from https://www.zurich.com)
71. Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. What Has Driven Rapid Urbanization?
B. The Risks of Rapid Urbanization in Developing Countries
C. The Global Risks 2015 Report on Developing Countries
D. Infrastructure and Economic Activities in Cities
72. The word “profound” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. right B. meaningful C. deep D. severe
73. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A. Weather and climate in the city will not be improved.
B. Urbanization makes water supply system both efficient and effective.
C. People may come up with new ideas for innovation.
D. Urbanization minimizes risks for economic, cultural and societal development.
74. According to the passage, urban expansion facilitates the spread of disease because _______.
A. poverty cannot be eliminated thoroughly
B. most of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums
C. too many people hope for a better life in cities
D. employment opportunities in cities are greater than those in rural areas.
75. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
A. About 54% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050.
B. Urbanization brings important benefits for development as well.
C. Rapidly increasing population density can help solve poverty.
D. Risks cannot be addressed effectively no matter how well cities are governed.

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Part 4. For questions 76-80, the reading passage has six paragraphs, A–E. Choose the correct heading for
paragraphs B–F from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i–viii. (5pts)
List of Headings
i New developments in sunglasses lenses
ii The use of sunglasses in early courts Your answers:
iii How the physical shape of early sunglasses developed 76. Section A ______
77. Section B ______
iv The introduction of sidepieces on sunglasses
78. Section C ______
v The origins and early history of sunglasses 79. Section D ______
vi Ways in which sunglasses have become trendy 80. Section E ______
vii The arrival of modern sunglasses
viii Advertising campaigns for sunglasses

THE HISTORY OF A COOL IMAGE

A The history of sunglasses can be traced back to ancient Rome around the year AD 60, where the
Emperor Nero is said to have watched gladiator fights whilst holding up polished emerald-green gems to
his eyes, thus reducing the effect of the sun's glare. The very first actual recorded evidence of the use of
sunglasses can be found from a painting by Tommaso da Modena in Italy, 1352, showing a person wearing
sunglasses.
Earlier, around the twelfth century in China, sunglasses were worn by court judges, not to protect their eyes
from the sun, but in order to conceal any expressions in their eyes as it was important to keep their thoughts
and opinions secret until the end of each trial. These were flat panes of quartz that had been polished
smooth and then smoked to give their tint. It was not until 1430 that prescription glasses were first
developed in Italy to correct vision, and these early rudimentary spectacles soon found their way to China,
where they were again tinted by smoke to be used by the judges. The frames were carved out of either
ivory or tortoiseshell, and some were quite ornate. During the 17th century, prescription glasses were being
used in England to help elderly long-sighted people to see better. The Spectacle Makers Company was
founded in England, which started manufacturing prescription glasses for the public and whose motto was
"A Blessing to the Aged".
B The development of sunglasses, however, remained static until the work of James Ayscough, who
was known for his work on microscopes in London around 1750. He experimented with blue and green
tinted lenses, believing they could help with certain vision problems. These were not sunglasses, however,
as he was not concerned with protecting the eyes from the sun's rays.
Prescription spectacles continued to be developed over the next few decades, especially regarding the
design of the spectacle frames and how to get them to sit comfortably on the nose. The frames were made
from leather, bone, ivory, tortoiseshell and metal, and were simply propped or balanced on the nose. The
early arms or sidepieces of the frames first appeared as strips of ribbon that looped around the backs of the
ears. Rather than loops, the Chinese added ceramic weights to the ends of the ribbons which dangled down
behind the tops of the ears. Solid sidepieces finally arrived in 1730, invented by Edward Scarlett.
C Sunglasses, as we know them today, were first introduced by Sam Foster in America, 1929. These
were the first sunglasses designed specifically to protect people's eyes from the harmful sun's rays. He
founded the Foster Grant Company, and sold the first pair of Foster Grant sunglasses on the boardwalk by
the beaches in Atlantic City, New Jersey. These were the first mass-produced sunglasses, and from this
year onwards, sunglasses really began to take off.
D In 1936, Edwin H Land patented the Polaroid filter for making polarized sunglasses. This type of tint
reduces glare reflected from surfaces, such as water. Later in that same year, Ray-Ban took the design of
pilots' sunglasses further by producing the aviator style sunglasses that we know today, using this recently
invented polarized lens technology. The edge of the frame characteristically drooped away at the edges by
the cheeks in a sort of tear drop shape, to give a full all-round protection to the pilots' eyes, who regularly
had to glance down towards the aircraft's instrument panel. The polarized lens reduced the glare from light
reflected off the instrument panel. Pilots were given these sunglasses free of charge, but in 1937 the general

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public were allowed to purchase this aviator-style model that "banned" the sun's rays as Ray-Ban
sunglasses.
E In 1960, Foster Grant started a big advertising campaign to promote sunglasses, and pretty soon
famous film stars and pop stars started wearing sunglasses as part of their image. The public began to adopt
this new fashion of wearing sunglasses, not just to protect their eyes from bright light, but also as a way of
looking good. Today, sunglasses are continuing to be improved with efficient UV blocking tints, cutting
out all the harmful ultra-violet light. Various coloured tints are now available and, of course, the frame
styles are very varied and exciting. Now you can really make a statement with your fashion sunglasses,
transforming your image or creating a new one. Designer sunglasses have certainly come a long way in just
a few years, and now not only protect our eyes from the harmful sun's rays, but are also an important
fashion accessory - and it all started nearly 2,000 years ago with the Roman Emperor Nero!

SECTION FIVE: WRITING

Part 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it. (5pts)
81. He brought the umbrella along but it didn’t rain.
→ He needn’t…………………………………………….
82. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice.
→ Rarely………………………………………………….
83. He was sorry he hadn’t said goodbye to her at the airport.
→ He regretted……………………………………………
84. I was greatly relieved to hear that her condition was not serious.
→ It was with…………………………………………….
85. Its lack of irregular verbs makes Esperanto a unique language.
→ Unlike other………………………………………….
Part 2. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the
word given. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN. You must use between TWO and FIVE
WORDS, including the word given (5pts)
86. They have arranged to see the director tomorrow morning. ARRANGEMENTS
→ They have…………………the director tomorrow morning.
87. The last time Peter saw John was the day they left school. SEEN
→ Peter has …………………….. the day they left school.
88. The demand for tickets was so great that people queued day and night. SUCH
→ It was ………………. for tickets that people queued day and night.
89. We agree that each of us would do the washing up on alternative days. TURNS
→ We agree …………………………… to do the washing up.
90. It took her a long time to recover from her illness. GET
→ It took her a long time …………….… her illness.
Part 3. Essay writing
"Some people think that the detailed criminal description on newspaper and TV has bad influences, so this
kind of information should be restricted on the media."
Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Your essay should be about 250 words.