0% found this document useful (0 votes)
16 views8 pagesDevelopment of Surfaces of Solids
Jex
Uploaded by
Nilay SarkarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
16 views8 pagesDevelopment of Surfaces of Solids
Jex
Uploaded by
Nilay SarkarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 8
DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES OF SOLIDS.
NG
‘ASSUME OBJECT HOLLOW AND MADE-UP OF THIN SHEET. CUT OPEN IT FROM ONE SIDE AND
UNFOLD THE SHEET COMPLETELY. THEN THE SHAPE OF THAT UNFOLDED SHEET IS CALLED
DEVELOPMENT OF LATERLAL SUEFACES OF THAT OBJECT OR SOLID.
LATERLAL SURFACE IS THE SURFACE EXCLUDING SOLID’S TOP & BASE.
ENGINEERING APLICATION:
THERE ARE SO MANY PRODUCTS OR OBJECTS WHICH ARE DIFFICULT TO MANUFACTURE BY
CONVENTIONAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, BECAUSE OF THEIR SHAPES AND SIZES.
THOSE ARE FABRICATED IN SHEET METAL INDUSTRY BY USING
DEVELOPMENT TECHNIQUE. THERE IS A VAST RANGE OF SUCH OBJECTS.
PL
Boiler Shells & chimneys, Pressure Vessels, Shovels, Trays, Boxes & Cartons, Feeding Hoppers,
Large Pipe sections, Body & Parts of automotives, Ships, Aeroplanes and many mor.
WHAT IS.
7 To leam methods of development of surfaces of
our owsEctIVE I=) ahhh
INTHIS TOPIC? different solids, their sections and frustums.
J. Development i diferent drawing than PROJECTIONS.
[But before going ahead 3 hor wing AREA, east 22D pli roving
note following 3. Hence all dinensions oft mst be TRUE dimensions
gmornivoinis: {As tis representing shape ofan un-flded shee, no edges can renin hidden
ee And hence DOTTED LINES are never shown on development.
Development of lateral surfaces of different solids. hae
(Lateral surface is the surface excluding top & base)
Gplinder: A Rectangle Cone: Sestorofcieley PT Aids: (No.of wiangles)
oo
He Height D= base diameter
Prisms: Now Rectangles
L-Slant height.
0 = R x30”
west SE" He Height $= Edge of base
Cube: Six Squares.
Tarohedrn: For Balter Tangles OO
Al sites
‘equal in length DEVELOPMENT OF
FRUSTUM OF CONE
FRUSTUMS
DEVELOPMENT OF
FRUSTUM OF SQUARE PYRAMID.
t
Lf
L,= Slant
L, = Slant height of cut part
SECTIONING A SOLID.
An object (here a solid ) is cut by
some imaginary cutting plane
to understand internal details of that object.
STUDY NEXT NINE PROBLEMS OF
SECTIONS & DEVELOPMENT
Base side
Top side
L= Slant edge of pyramid
edge of cut part
ee
‘The action of cutting is called
SECTION! a solid
&
‘The plane of cutting is
SECTION PLANE.
led
‘Two cutting actions means section planes are recommended,
A) Section Plane perpendicular to Vp and inclined to Hp.
(This is a definition of an Aux. Inclined Plane i.e. A.I.P.)
NOTE:- This section plane appears
asa straight line in FV.
B) Section Plane perpendicular to Hp and inclined to Vp.
(This is a definition of an Aux. Vertical Plane i.e. A.V.P.)
NOTE:- This section plane appears
as a straight line in TV.
Remember:-
1, After launching a section plane
either in FV or TV, the part towards observer
is assumed to be removed.
2. As far as possible the smaller part is
assumed to be removed.
ae Tee ForTV
eRe Te Be) ic)
IMPORTANT TERMS
IN SECTIONING.
SECTION
PLANE
AY »
Warenond SHAPE
or sEcTIO SECTION
SECTION LINES
(45° to XY)
Apparent Shape
of section
SECTIONAL TV.
( AA
Typical Section Planes
&
Typical Shapes
Of
Sections,
i Triangle _ Section Plane — ‘Ellipse
Section Plane’
Th
ary ough Generators
2
‘Section Plane Parallel! Section Plane
to end generator. Parallel to Axis.
Trapezium Problem 1: A pentagonal prism, 30 mm base side & 50 mm axis is standing on Hp on
its base with one side of the base perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a section plane
inclined at 45° to the HP, through midpoint of axis. Draw F.V, sectional T.V & sec. Side
view. Also draw true shape of section and Development of surface of remaining solid.
Problem 2: A cone, 50 mm base diameter and 70 mm axis is standing on it's base on Hp.
It cut by a section plane 45° inclined to Hp through base end of end generator. Draw
projections, sectional views, true shape of section and development of surfaces of
remaining solid.
Problem 3: A right circular cylinder, base 50 mm diameter and axis 60 mm long, is
standing on HP on its base. It has a square hole of size 25 in it. The axis of the hole
bisects the axis of the cylinder and is perpendicular to the VP. The faces of the square
hole are equally inclined with the HP. Draw its projections and develop lateral surface
of the cylinder.
Problem 4 : A square prism of 40 mm edge of the base and 65 mm height stands on its
base on the HP with vertical faces inclined at 452 with the VP. A horizontal hole of 40
mm diameter is drilled centrally through the prism such that the hole passes through
the opposite vertical edges of the prism, draw the development og the surfaces of the
prism
Problem 5: An oblique cylinder with 50mm diameter and 70 mm long axis, has its axis
inclined at 60° to the base. Its axis is parallel to the V.P. Its base is resting on H.P. Draw
the development of its lateral surface Problem 4: A pentagonal prism , 30 mm base side & 50 mm axis
is standing on Hp on it’s base with one side of the base perpendicular to VP.
Itis cut by a section plane inclined at 45° to the HP, through mid point of axis.
Draw Fy, sec.Tv & sec. Side view. Also draw true shape of section and
Development of surface of remaining solid.
AC
[For True Shape:
IDraw x,y, // to sec. plane
[Draw projectors on it from!
ut points.
n above projectors from
4; and join in sequence.|
[Draw section lines in it.
It is required true shape.
Solution Steps:/or sectional views:
Draw three views of standing prism.
Locate sec.plane in Fv as described.
Project points where edges are getting
Cut on Tv & Sv as shown in illustration.
Join those points in sequence and show
Section lines in it.
Make remaining part of solid dark.
DEVELOPMENT
For Development:
Draw development of entire solid. Name from
cut-open edge L.e. A. in sequence as shown.
n ; Mark the cut points on respective edges.
peticeienconie poms Join them in sequence in st. lines.
pone’ Peas Make existing parts dev.dark. Problem 2: Acone, 50 mm base diameter and 70 mm axis is Solution Steps:for ie
a :for sectional views:
standing on it's base on Hp. It cut by a section plane 45? inclined Dias tree vicwe of caged
to Hp through base end of end generator.Draw projections, Locate sec.plane in Fv as described.
sectional views, true shape of section and development of surfaces Project points where generators are
of remaining solid. getting Cut on Tv & Sv as shown in
illustration.Join those points in
sequence and show Section lines in it.
Make remaining part of solid dark.
SECTIONAL S.V
IFor True Shape:
Draw x,y, // to sec. plane
Draw projectors on it from| For Development
points 7 Draw development of entire solid. \
Mark distances of points Name from cut-open edge i.e. A. és
f Sectioned part from Tv, in sequence as shown.Mark the cut.
In above projectors from points on respective edges.
“Ys and join in sequence eee Join them in sequence in curvature.
Draw section lines in it. SECTIONAL T-V Make existing parts dev.dark.
it is required true shape. BR
