2021 5th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computer Technologies and Optimization Techniques (ICEECCOT) | 978-1-6654-3272-6/21/$31.

00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICEECCOT52851.2021.9707960

2021 5th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computer Technologies and Optimization Techniques (ICEECCOT) 10-11,
December 2021

Digital Electronic Voting Machine Using Raspberry

Pi and Touchscreen Display
Shubham Raut Vishal Talekar Aniket Govardhan
dept. of Electronics & dept. of Electronics & dept. of Electronics &
Telecommunication, Telecommunication, Telecommunication,
K.K.W.I.E.E. R K.K.W.I.E.E. R K.K.W.I.E.E. R
Nashik, India Nashik, India Nashik, India
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
m

Abstract— India is one of the democratic countries; the two Voters used to cast their votes on ballot paper back in the
major elections in India are General elections and Assembly day. EVMs were initially deployed on an experimental basis
elections. These elections are taken with the help of an in Kerala's No.70 Parvur assembly constituency in 1982, as a
Electronic Voting Machine (EVM). It is necessary to be present replacement for ballot paper. In 1998, the widespread use of
in the home constituency during elections, one cannot vote EVM began. Since then, EVMs have been used in all Lok
from another constituency to the candidate of his/her Sabha and legislative assembly elections. The election
constituency. As a result, lots of people are not able to cast commission establishes voting booths in each locality. The
their votes in elections. To solve this issue there is a necessity of voter is unable to select the voting centre of his or her choice.
such a system that enables voters to vote in their respective
If a voter is not present in that locality during the election, he
constituency from another constituency.
or she cannot cast their vote. This is the biggest disadvantage
Digital Electronic Voting Machine (DEVM) allows voters to of current system [7].
vote who are not available in their constituency during Taking into consideration of all limitations of EVM, the
elections because of their employment, education, business, etc. proposed system suggests a solution for voting of migrants.
This proposed system should be implemented in the area where Digital Electronic Voting Machine allows voter to choose
the migration of people from another constituency is more. their home constituency. The system consists of candidate
There should be a special polling booth for migrant people,
data of all 543 constituencies. Admin will grant permission
where those people can cast their vote on DEVM. People of
that constituency can vote in an ordinary way using EVM. This
to vote by adding his credentials and add voters constituency
system is implemented using Raspberry Pi 4 and Touchscreen number so that voter will be able to cast his or her vote. A
Display. The Graphical User Interface is created using Python vote cast by voter gets saved in candidate data and
that gives voters an option to select their home constituency to increments each time a new vote is added. Security is always
cast their vote. The system includes the candidate data of all been the main concern when it comes to digital voting and to
543 constituencies. The result of the votes is stored in the avoid any security breach whole process will be offline and
memory of Raspberry Pi with respect to the selected require admin involvement to make voting easy and secure.
constituency. As a result, the voting percentage will increase The final result will be announced after combining the count
which is a good sign for democracy. collected from all DEVM [4].

Keywords—Electronic Voting Machine, Voting, constituency,

II. PRESENT ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM
Digital Electronic Voting Machine, Raspberry Pi 4, Touchscreen
Display, Graphical User Interface, Python In 1989, the Election Commission of India collaborated
with Bharat Electronics Limited and Electronics Corporation
I. INTRODUCTION of India Limited to develop the Indian electronic voting
machine (EVM). An EVM is made up of two components: a
Democracy is the world’s most healthy and participatory control unit and a ballot unit. A five-meter cable connects the
form of government. It promotes cooperation and two components. The ballot unit allows voters to vote via
coordination between public and private systems, as well as labelled buttons, while the control unit manages the ballot
between citizens and government. It allows residents to elect units, stores voting counts, and displays them on 7 segment
their representatives and engage in the workings of LED displays. The controller in EVMs has been permanently
government, where people exert power and political programmed by the manufacturer at the time of production.
importance by voting. India is the largest democracy which Once the controller is manufactured and the programmed, no
consists of the 2nd largest population in the world. A large one (including the manufacturer) can change it [10] [11].
number of people of this population migrate to urban areas
for various reasons like education, employment, business, One of the voting booth officers operates the control unit,
etc. hence unable to vote for their home constituency. while the voter operates the ballot unit in private. After
According to the most current voting system used in Indian verifying the voter's identity, the officer electronically
elections, the average voting percentage ranges from 60% to activates the ballot unit, allowing a new vote to be cast.
70%. There can be many reasons for it, one of them is When a voter casts a vote, the ballot unit registers it in its
because a person cannot vote from any constituency [5]. memory. The polling booth officer enters a close command
from the control unit to register the vote and relock the unit

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to prevent duplicate votes. When the next voter with a fresh enter their Aadhaar number on the Touchscreen Display, and
voter ID arrives to vote, the process is repeated [12] . then scan their fingerprint, which will be compared to a
database kept in the cloud. If it matches, just the voter has
The EVMs are powered by a standard 6 volt battery. the right to vote. The vote count is encrypted and kept in the
Because some sections of India do not have power, this cloud after each vote is cast. Although the concept is very
design allows EVMs to be used without interruption modern and innovative but it has its own limitations, by
throughout the country. The units are segregated and the considering the Indian voting scenario use of any digital or
control units are transferred separately in guarded premises Internet-based system for authentication and voting makes
after a poll closes on a certain election day [3] . the system more vulnerable to the security thefts and
malfunctions [1].
The paper "Smart voting" highlighted the issue related to
the online voting system currently used in many developed
countries which are like unreliable system, complicated
setup, keeping mind the Indian voting scenario, not
compatible with current trends This paper also mentioned
how we can eliminate these issues by online voter id
generation which is link to Aadhar features like fingerprint
impression and retina scan of individual voter to enhance
the security and minimize manual work. The proposed idea
Fig. 1. Electronic Voting Machine of generating voter id for people above 18 years by fetching
info from Aadhar database, so this way nobody will be left
without having a voter ID card and missing their right to
III. LITERATURE SURVEY vote [2].
According to the study report “Inclusive Elections in
India: A Study on Domestic Migration and Issues in IV. PROPOSED SYTEM
Electoral Participation”, different reasons for migration are The proposed system uses a Raspberry Pi 4 with a Touch
given and detailed numbers of male and female migrants screen Display to allow voters from any constituency to vote.
from rural and urban areas are given (Migrants per 1000 The system allows voters to vote from any constituency in
Persons). The study's main goal is to examine the historical India, and they can vote from any legitimate polling booth.
trends, scope, patterns, and forms of domestic migration in We are using a combination of hardware and software in
India. The purpose of this study is to review the available this system. The Raspberry Pi 4 is a hardware device with a
literature on domestic migration in India and to identify the Touchscreen Display. It saves the results to the Raspberry
challenges and obstacles that domestic migrants experience Pi's memory.
when exercising their voting rights. The following table will
give you exact information [6]. The Touch screen display of the system consists of
Graphical User Interface, which is created using Python. It
TABLE.1. REASONS FOR MIGRATION (MIGRANTS PER 1000 gives voters an option to select their home constituency to
PERSONS) cast vote. The system includes the candidate data of all 543
constituencies of India. On entering constituency number
voters can see the list of candidates of that constituency on
the display. The vote count is incremented and then saved in
memory after each vote is cast.

A. System Design

In a paper “Electronic Voting System using Biometrics,

Raspberry Pi and TFT module" use of Raspberry Pi in voting
machine was defined in an effective manner with additive
features like using Biometrics for identification and
verification. The Raspberry Pi 3B+ was employed in the
suggested system, which was then connected to the
Fingerprint Scanner and Touch Display. The voter must first Fig. 2. Design of the System

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 • Using keyboard the number given to the D. Voting Procedure
constituency is entered to cast the vote on • In this proposed system we have two activities one is
Touchscreen Display. for voting and another to declare the vote count after
• According to this number Raspberry Pi shows the the election.
list of candidates of that constituency on Touch • For voting activity admin will enter his voting
Display with virtual buttons to cast the vote. credentials and set up the DEVM.
• Voter press the button given on Touchscreen • Voter is verified by election committee administrative
Display to cast vote for his/her favorite candidate. person.
• This vote is finally recorded in memory of • Admin will enter constituency number so that voter
Raspberry Pi. will be able to see candidate list for that constituency
• Power requirement of the system is provided by on display.
Power supply. • Voter can vote his or her favorite candidate by
pressing vote button in front of candidate name. After
B. Raspberry Pi 4 confirmation vote gets incremented and stored in
The Raspberry Pi is a credit card-sized computer with a 1.5 memory.
GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 processor, on-board • Once voting activity completed admin can enter the
802.11ac Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5, full gigabit Ethernet, 2-8 GB result credentials and fetch the vote count stored in
of RAM, and dual-monitor capability through a pair of that machine.
micro-HDMI connections for up to 4K resolution [9]. The
job of Raspberry Pi in this system is to process all candidate
data of each constituency and store the result in its 4GB of
storage space.

Fig. 3. Raspberry Pi 4 Module

C. Touchscreen Display
In this system, Raspberry Pi 4 is connected with a 10.1-
inch TFT Touchscreen Display through HDMI port [8]. It has
a better display of 1024x600 resolutions. This display is
used as a ballot unit for DEVM. On this display, the voter is
able to see the list of candidates and cast their vote by
choosing the right candidate from that list.

Fig. 4. Touchscreen Module Fig. 5. Voting Procedure Flowchart

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E. Implementation Plan
The following points should be considered for successful
implementation of the system:
• Identifying the major cities in India where migrants
from other constituencies are more.
• Before the elections voter must have registered
himself as a migrant.
• Verification of registered migrant voters should be
done.
• Removing their names from the voter list of their
home constituency. And making a separate list of
migrant voters for that area.
Fig. 7. Admin Login
• Providing them migrant voter cards that contain their
constituency name and number. So, that person on the
control unit can easily verify the voter and can enter This is the page where the admin can enter
right constituency number on control unit. constituency number of respective voter so that he or she
• Special polling booth should be established for will be able to see candidate list of his home constituency.
migrant voters with DEVM.
• After the election, the result of all constituencies from
that constituency should be transferred via fax.

V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
In this system, Graphical User Interface is developed
using python in PyCharm. PyCharm is a cross-platform
editor developed by JetBrains. PyCharm comes with
everything you'll need to get started with Python
development. After running the python script on the
Raspberry Pi 4, we obtained the results.
This is the homepage of the proposed system which
consist of two activities voting and result. For conducting
elections first voting option should be selected. After
elections to count votes result option should be selected. Fig. 8. Constituency Page

The voter can vote for his or her favorite candidate

by pressing the vote button in front of the candidate's name.
After confirming the choice his or her vote will get stored in
the memory.

Fig. 6. Homepage

This is the admin login page. Admin can log in

with a unique password and begin voting. Only the admin
can start the voting by entering right credentials. Fig. 9. Candidate List

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 After completing the voting activity for getting Study on Migration and News on Participation in Elections”,
November 2015.
results admin need to select result option from the
[7] "Electronic Voting Machine, Chapter 39, Reference handbook,
homepage. Then entering right credentials and constituency Election commission of India". Press Information Bureau. Archived
number he or she would be able to see result page. from the original on 7 March 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
On top of the result page constituency number will [8] Raspberry Pi TFT LCD-3.5 inch, https://veerobot.com/store/MOD-
get displayed followed by vote count of each candidate. HUMLCDD-1150.
[9] https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-the-raspberry-pi-4-everything-
you-need-to-know-about-the-tiny-low-cost-computer/
[10] https://eci.gov.in/
[11] https://bel-india.in/
[12] https://www.ecil.co.in/

Fig. 10. Result Page

VI. CONCLUSION
Lots of people in India come under the category of
temporary migrants due to employment, education, business,
etc. reasons. So, the government has to face many problems
while managing different facilities for them. Participation in
the electoral procedure is also one of them. Because those
people are mostly not able to cast their vote in elections as
they are far away from their home constituency. So, Digital
Electronic Voting Machine (DEVM) will solve this problem
by providing them facility to vote for their favorite candidate
from any other constituency rather than home constituency.
Also, voter’s time and money for travel purposes will
reduce. As a result, the overall voting percentage will also
increase which will be helpful to strengthen our democracy.
This System also proves that using technology in the right
way can make the voting process easy and more inclusive.

REFERENCES

[1] A. M. Jagtap, V. Kesarkar and A. Supekar, "Electronic Voting

System using Biometrics, Raspberry Pi and TFT module," 2019 3rd
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[2] B. R., R. B. S., S. P. and K. V.K.G., "Smart voting," 2017 2nd
International Conference on Computing and Communications
Technologies (ICCCT), 2017, pp. 143-147, doi:
10.1109/ICCCT2.2017.7972261.
[3] Vishesh Shrivastava; Girish Tere (2016). "An Analysis of Electronic
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[5] Sangeeta Jain and Pradeep Jain, "Electronic Voting: Issues,
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[6] Report Submitted by Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai to the
Election Commission of India (ECI) “Inclusive Elections in India: A

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