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x (Lec-25 or 30)Java SE(String Handling)

Java program

Uploaded by

ashishpatel01012002
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 17

JAVA SE

(CORE JAVA)
LECTURE-30
Today’s Agenda

• String Handling.

• Different classes to handle String

• Constructors and Methods of class String.


String Handling

• Java provides 3 classes to handle Strings as per situation,


these are

1. String

2. StringBuffer

3. StringBuilder

*StringBuilder will be covered in the Multithreading chapter.


String class

• String objects in java are immutable i.e. content once stored


cannot be changed.

• For Example,
String city=“Bhopal”;
System.out.println(city);
city=“Indore”;
System.out.println(city);
Though the output will change but the Objects won’t.
Constructors of String

 String():- String S=new String();

 String(String):- String S=new String(“Bhopal”);

 Difference in Initialization:-
String s1=new String(“Sky”);
String s2=new String(“Sky”);

String s3=“Sky”;
String s4=“Sky”;
Constructors of String

• To check the memory diagram we can compare the object


references,
String s1=new String(“Sky");
String s2=new String(“Sky");
String s3=“Sky";
String s4=“Sky";
System.out.println(s1==s2);
System.out.println(s3==s4);
Constructors of String

 String(char[ ]):- Coverts a character array to String object.

 String(char[ ],int1,int2):-
int1- Starting index
int2- Number of characters to be converted into String
char arr[ ]={‘H’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’};
String s=new String(arr,0,4);
System.out.println(s); Hell
• In java anything in “ ”(double quotes) is
considered to be a string to be precise a String
object.
• Example :- “Bhopal”.length(); 6
Methods of String class

• public boolean equals(Object):- Derived from Object


class. It compares object references when object of any other
class is passed. But it compares the strings when a String is
passed. So, every class can override equals in its own way.

• public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String):- Method


belongs to String class and ignores case sensitivity.
Methods of String class

• public int compareTo(String):- Method belongs to String class and


compares string and returns 0 if true else difference of their ASCIIs.

• public int compareToIgnoreCase(String):- Similar to above method


but ignores case sensitivity.

• public int indexOf(int) :- Returns index of the character present in the


string, which is passed in the argument. If not found returns -1. It is a case
sensitive method.

• public int indexOf(String):- Accepts a substring as argument and


returns the beginning index where the substring occurs.

• public int length():- Gives length of string.


Methods of String class

• public char charAt(int):-Takes index number and gives character at


that index

 public void getChars(int, int, char[ ], int):- Takes multiple


characters and pastes their copy to an array of characters.

 public boolean startsWith(String):- Tests if this string starts with


the specified prefix.

 public boolean startsWith(String,int):- Tests if this string starts


with the specified prefix beginning a specified index.

 public boolean endWith(String):- Tests if this string ends with the


specified suffix.
Methods of String class

• public int lastIndexOf(int):- Returns the index within this


string of the last occurrence of the specified character.

• public int lastIndexOf(String):- Returns the index within this


string of the rightmost occurrence of the specified substring.

• public String substring(int, int):- Returns a new string that is


a substring of this string. The first argument is starting index for
substring and second argument is end index-1 of the substring.

• public String substring(int):- Returns the substring from index


passed as argument till the last index of the string.
Methods of String class

• public String toUpperCase( ):- Converts all the


characters of the String to upper case.

• public String toLowerCase( ):- Coverts all the characters


of the String lower case.
 There won’t be any change in the calling String object, just a
copy of that String will be returned.

• public static String valueOf(any primitive data


type):- Returns the string representation of the passed data
type argument.
Class StringBuffer

• The objects of class StringBuffer in java are mutable i.e.


content of an object can be changed without creating a new
object.

• StringBuffer is used when data of a class may change in


future. Example, Salary of an employee.

• StringBuffer also has same methods as that of the class


String except some of them.

• StringBuffer is also present in the package java.lang.


Constructors of StringBuffer

• public StringBuffer( ):- Creates an object with size 16


characters initialized with ‘\0’.

• public StringBuffer( int):- Creates a string buffer with


specified capacity in the argument and initialized with null
character s.

• public StringBuffer( String):- The object is created and


initialized with the string passed in the argument and is
appended with 16 null characters(‘\0’).
Methods of Class
StringBuffer

• public int capacity( ):- This method returns the current


capacity. Using this method we can confirm the extra 16
characters reserved by java.

• public void ensureCapacity(int):- Increases capacity to


the argument passed.

• public StringBuffer append(String):- An overloaded


function and can append any data type.
StringBuffer s=new StringBuffer(“India”);
s.append(“is my country”);
System.out.println(s);
Methods of Class
StringBuffer

• public StringBuffer reverse( ):- As the name suggests it


reverses the original string.

start index, end index+1, new string

• public StringBuffer replace(int, int, String):- This


method replaces the characters in a substring of this
sequence with characters in the specified String.
StringBuffer s=new StringBuffer(“Hello World”);
s.replace(6, 11, “India”);
System.out.println(s); Hello India
End Of Lecture 30

For any queries mail us @: [email protected]


Call us @ : 0755-4271659, 7879165533

Agenda for Next Lecture:


1. Graphical User Interface in Java

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