THE DOMINANT INDONESIAN CULTURE PATTERNS

Lecturer :
Nur Habibah. S. Hum., M. Pd.

Group 6 :

Daffa Belinda : 241114288203022

Mutiara Utami : 211014288203012
Wanda Fitri Mulia : 211014288203031

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MUARA BUNGO
2024
 PREFACE

Assalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,

All praise and thanks are due to Allah SWT, who has granted us time and
opportunity, allowing Writer to complete this task on time and without any
shortcomings.
The purpose of this paper is to review the course "Multiculturalism and
Language Education" on the topic of "The Dominant Indonesian Culture Patterns."
Writer aware that this paper is not perfect and may contain errors, whether intentional
or unintentional, such as in the writing of names, places, dates, and others. Therefore,
any constructive criticism and suggestions are highly appreciated.
This is the paper that Writer have prepared. Writer hope this paper can be
useful for both myself and the readers.
Wassalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.

Bungo, 22 November 2024

Writer

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

Preface ........................................................................................................................... i

Table Of Content .........................................................................................................ii

CHAPTER I (INTRODUCTION)

A. Background ............................................................................................................ 1

B. Formulation Of the Problem ................................................................................ 1

C. Objectives Of the Discussion ................................................................................ 2

CHAPTER II (DISCUSSION)

A. Definition Of Archipelago Culture ...................................................................... 3

B. The Dominant Culture Patterns In Indonesian .................................................. 3

C. Characteristics Of Indonesian Culture ............................................................... 6

CHAPTER III (CONCLUSION)

A. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 8

B. Suggestion ............................................................................................................... 9

REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 10

Click here to enter text.

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background

Indonesia, as the largest archipelagic country in the world, has a very wide
cultural diversity, encompassing various tribes, languages, religions, and traditions
spread throughout the archipelago. This diversity makes Indonesia a unique nation
with various cultural patterns that influence each other, but still have similarities in
several aspects. The dominant cultural patterns in Indonesia not only reflect the values
passed down from ancestors, but also play an important role in shaping the way of
thinking, attitudes, and behavior of Indonesian society to this day.

Historically, Indonesia has been influenced by various cultures, both from

within the country such as Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic cultures, and from abroad
through colonization and international trade. However, there are a number of cultural
patterns that remain dominant and are characteristic of Indonesian society, both at the
local and national levels. Some of these cultural patterns include the values ​ ​ of
mutual cooperation, a strong social hierarchy, respect for parents and elders, and
habits of interaction that prioritize politeness.

The importance of understanding these cultural patterns lies in their significant

influence on the social, economic, and political dynamics of Indonesia. The culture of
mutual cooperation, for example, is deeply embedded in the lives of Indonesian
people, both in the context of daily life and in solving collective problems. Meanwhile,
the strong value of harmony in interacting and maintaining social relations allows
conflict to be avoided through diplomatic means, although sometimes it leads to the
suppression of individual freedom for the sake of group interests.

However, along with the development of the times and globalization, some of
these cultural patterns face challenges and changes. The influence of foreign cultures,
especially Western culture, is getting stronger and can cause a shift in traditional
values. Therefore, understanding the dominant cultural patterns in Indonesia is very
important to maintain a balance between preserving traditional cultural values ​ and
adapting to changing times.

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 This paper aims to identify and analyze the dominant cultural patterns in
Indonesian society. By understanding the existing cultural patterns, it is hoped that
ways can be found to strengthen Indonesian cultural identity amidst the ever-growing
flow of globalization.

B. Formulation of The Problem

1. What is Archipelago Culture ?
2. What is The Dominant Culture Patterns in Indonesian ?
3. What is Characteristic of Indonesian Culture ?

C. Objectives of the Discussion

1. To know what is Archipelago Culture
2. To know what The Dominant Culture Patterns in Indonesian
3. To know what are The Characteristics of Indonesian Culture

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Definition of Archipelago Culture

Culture literally comes from Latin, namely colere, which means working the
land, cultivating, maintaining the fields (according to Soerjanto Poespowardojo 1993).
Meanwhile, according to Selo Soemardjan and Soelaiman Soemardi, culture is the
means of work, taste, and creation of society. From various of these definitions, an
understanding of culture is a knowledge system that includes a system of ideas or
ideas contained in the human mind, so thatin everyday life, culture is abstract. The
embodiment of culture is objects that are created by humans as cultured beings.
created by humans as cultured beings,in the form of behavior and objects that are real,
for example patterns of behavior, language, living equipment, social organization,
religion, art, and others. organization, religion, art, and others, all of which are
intended to help humans in living their lives to help humans in carrying out life in,
while Nusantara is a term that refers to the entire Indonesian archipelago. The word
Nusantara comes from two Sanskrit words, namely nusa which means island and
antara which means outside or in between.
Therefore, archipelago culture is the diversity that emerges and develops
throughout Indonesia. It includes the traditional arts in the country. Culture is a set of
attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviors shared by a group of people, but different for
each individual, communicated from one generation to the next. Archipelago culture
can be defined as cultures that have grown and developed from ancient times and
become a legacy for the current generation.

B. The Dominant Culture Patterns in Indonesian

1. Gotong royong
According to Koentjaraningrat (2013). "Gotong-royong is joint work in an
effort to meet needs and face problems together. Gotong-royong is an activity that has
a positive impact that has existed since long ago. And has many benefits for
individuals and the environment. From this definition, it can be concluded that the
attitude of gotong-royong is the way a person directs himself to cooperate with other
people or groups to obtain joint results.

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 According to Vivit and Agus (2019) the following are the benefits of mutual
cooperation (gotong royong):
 Strengthening Social Bonds
 Makes work easier
 Teaches the importance of harmony and mutual respect between communities
 Teaches the importance of sharing
 Foster a sense of empathy to help each other

2. Science and Technology

The development of science and technology is something that cannot be
separated from the development of society and culture, with all the norms, values,
meanings, beliefs, habits, and mentalities built into it. There are certain cultural values
in society that encourage the development of science and technology (Yasraf 2014).
The relationship between science and technology with culture is a reciprocal
relationship, the cultural values of certain communities strongly support the
development of science and technology. From this description, it can be seen that
science and technology greatly affect our culture, here is how science and technology
affect our culture
 Changes in Communication: Information technologies, such as cell phones and
social media, are changing the way people interact, facilitating long-distance
communication and speeding up the dissemination of information.
 Lifestyle Transformation: Technological advancements bring about changes in
lifestyles, including ways of working, learning and socializing, which often shift
traditional values
 Social Transformation: Science and technology can change the social structure
and mindset of society, introducing new ideas that may conflict with existing
values
 Cultural Preservation: Technology also plays a role in preserving culture through
digitization of traditions and dissemination of knowledge
 Creativity and Innovation: The interaction between science, technology and
culture can foster creativity, resulting in innovative solutions to
societal challenges

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3. Progress and Change
The Indonesian cultural landscape is marked by a continual quest for progress
and adaptation to change. This is evident in the country's rapid urbanization,
economic growth, and social transformations. Science and technology serve as
catalysts for this progress, enabling innovations that address societal challenges and
enhance quality of life.

4. Activity and Work

Work culture is a group of basic thoughts or mental programs that can be
utilized to improve work efficiency and human cooperation owned by a group of
people.
Activity and work culture in indonesia. Indonesia has a distinctive and unique
work culture, although this work culture may sometimes be difficult for foreigners to
understand, it has nonetheless helped the country's company stand out. Foreigners
who understand this work culture will also be likely to succeed in indonesia
The business culture business culture can be defined as a set of beliefs. Ethics
and attitudes within a business setting culture is the main constituent in business and
has an influence on the premeditated course of business cultural. Culture impacts the
administration's decisions and all business functions from secretarial to manufacturing
to productions and the next is work environment in typical indonesian workplace.

The following are some points regarding work environment in an indonesian

workplace :
1. The first is addressing superiors. The indonesians know about the importance of
their superiors and are used to addressing them by suitable titles in indonesia.
Indonesian people must have to call them by Pak/Bapak which means sir or Ibu
which means Mrs. No one can call them by by their first name until and unless
they are loved to do so .
2. The second is making the leaders happy there is an environment of making the
leaders happy in an indonesian workplace. Generally the assistant employees
obey their seniors or boss and don't question them, the assistant or subordinate
employees never talk back if their seniors give orders for any type of work
because they only want to make their leaders happy.

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3. The third is avoiding clashes. The employers in indonesia try their best to avoid
any kind of places there is an environment of peace in an indonesian workplace
4. The fourth is friendship between co-workers. There is an environment of peace
and friendship in an indonesian workplace, the co-workers don't hesitate to ask
personal questions and in this way an environment of friendship goes on
5. Then next is personal criticism. There is an environment of private criticism in an
indonesian workplace, people there referred to keep criticism private rather than
discuss it in public, in this way this culture does much to protect the pride of the
employers
6. Greeting the most superior first in indonesia as a subordinate employer. It is
essential to know about the superiors of the company greeting the most senior
first is seen as good conduct
7. Giving handshakes in indonesia seniors are given handshakes first though the
style varies from company to company giving handshakes with little pressure is
common in indonesia
8. Being professional at all times during working hours employees must be
professional regardless of situations. They are to be helpful friendly and good
team members and they are advised to avoid gossiping to avoid any sort of
trouble
9. Arriving on time it is highly appreciated to arrive on the workplace on time or
earlier
10. The last is showing gratitude indonesian employees trying to be helpful and
friendly and understand each other and say thank you after receiving help from a
colleague it seemed to be good manners because it show gratitude

C. Characteristics of Indonesian Culture

a) Ethnic Diversity (Keragaman Etnis)
The archipelago is inhabited by various ethnic groups with different languages,
customs and traditions. Each tribe has a unique cultural heritage
b) Traditional Arts (Kesenian Tradisional)
Performing arts such as dance, music, theater and wayang are an important part of
Indonesian culture. Example are traditional dances such as the Pendet dance from Bali,
the Saman dance from Aceh, and wayang kulit performances from Java.

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c) Culinary (Kuliner)
Traditional dishes from various regions in the archipelago have distinctive and varied
falvors, such as rendang from Minangkabau, soto from Java, coto makassar from
Makassar, etc.
d) Architecture (Arsitektur)
Traditional buildings such as traditional houses, temples, and palaces are also part of
the archipelago’s cultural heritage. Famous examples of architecture include
Borobudur Temple and Prambanan Temple in Indonesia.
e) Religious Culture (Kebudayaan Religius)
Religion plays an important role in Indonesian culture, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism
and Buddhism are religions
f) Local Wisdom (Kearifan Lokal)
Customs, traditions and life philosophies passed down from generation to generation
are also an important part of Indonesian culture. Examples are the philosophy of
mutual cooperation, the custom of deliberation and consensus, as well as various
traditional ceremonies such as weddings, death ceremonies, and so on.

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 CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

A. Conclusion
Culture broadly refers to the shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices that
characterize a group of people, encompassing language, art, religion, and social habits.
Archipelago culture is specific to the unique practices and traditions that develop
within island communities, influenced by their geographic isolation and maritime
environment, leading to distinct social structures and lifestyles.

Indonesian culture showcases several dominant patterns, including:

1. Collectivism: Prioritizes community and family over individualism.
2. Respect for Tradition: Strong adherence to customs and rituals.
3. Religious Influence: Predominantly Islamic, with elements from Hinduism,
Buddhism, and indigenous beliefs.
4. Diversity: A rich tapestry of ethnic groups and cultural practices across the
archipelago.
5. Hierarchy and Respect: Valuing social hierarchy and respect for elders.
6. Harmony: Emphasizing the importance of social harmony and conflict avoidance.

Indonesian culture is marked by its rich diversity influenced by various ethnic groups,
languages, and religions. Key features include:
 Traditional Music and Dance: Performing arts are integral to cultural expression.
 Vibrant Arts and Crafts: Rich artistic traditions are prevalent.
 Culinary Diversity: Varied traditional dishes from different regions.
 Communal Values: Emphasis on social cohesion and harmony.
 Religious Influences: Notably strong influences from Hinduism, Buddhism, and
Islam.
 Festivals and Rituals: Significant role in community life, reflecting cultural
richness.

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B. Suggestion
This paper is a paper that contains information and insights about The
Dominant Indonesian Culture Patterns following the purpose of this paper, we hope
readers can better understand the information contained in this paper. Therefore, this
paper must be read carefully and correctly so that the reader can really understand
the content. We as authors would like to apologize for the shortcomings of this paper.
We know that this paper is far from perfect. So we need advice from readers for the
perfection of this paper. We hope that this paper we have made can be useful for
anyone, thank you.

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 REFERENCES
Piliang, Y. A. (2014). Transformasi budaya sains dan teknologi: Membangun daya
kreativitas. Jurnal Sosioteknologi, 13(2), 76.
Piliang, Y. A. (2013). Budaya teknologi di Indonesia: Kendala dan peluang masa
depan. Jurnal Sosioteknologi, 12(28), 247.
Kurniawan, V., & Tinus, A. (2019). Pelestarian nilai gotong-royong melalui
kelompok seni kuda lumping. Jurnal Civic Hukum, 4(2), 174
Darmawan, M. A., & Yusuf-Junnan, M. (2023). Gotong-royong (Haridesi) pada
masyarakat di Desa Wumbuburo Kecamatan Kabaena Timur Kabupaten Bombana.
Jurnal SELAMI IPS, 16(1), 17-27.

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