ART APPRECIATION-MIDTERM NOTES ART AND ITS NATURE ACCORDING TO

ARISTOTLE’S TEACHING REGARDING ART

HUMANITIES
1. Art aims at imitating nature.
WHAT IS HUMANITIES IN A SPECIFIC WORD? 2. Imitation is natural to man.
1. Human condition 3. It is natural to man to delight in work of imitation.
2. Values ART IS:
3. Meaning
1. Art is everywhere.
MEANING OF HUMANITIES 2. Art as expression and communication.
- Generally refers to arts, literature, music, 3. Art as creation.
architecture, dance, theater, or other subject, all of 4. Art as beauty. (aesthetics)
which have one objective which focus the attention 5. Art as experience.
on the life and achievement of man Nature – mother of all art
- Inherently human, man’s experiences, values, 6. Art is everything.
sentiments, ideals and goals. BASIC REASON WHY THERE IS A NEED TO
- Humanities also questions “Why are you existing in UNDERSTAND AND APPRECIATE ART:
this world?”
- Expressions of man’s feeling and thoughts 1. Part of man’s daily life.
- According to Latin authors, humanities deal with 2. Everyone has a creative power.
moral teaching. 3. Ever child is a potential artist.
4. Art is the guide to culture.
Moral teaching 5. Art benefits man materially, emotionally, spiritually,
- good and bad impressions intellectually, socially.
- we should be refined and 6. Art develops man’s personality.
cultured
TWO DIVISION OF ARTS
- In medieval age, its metaphysis of religions
1. ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
philosopher, the goal is the cultivation of spiritual
➢ Practical or useful arts – a human activity direct
life and the preparation here after.
producing of things or need of people with the
purpose of being practical rather than attractive
ART APPRECIATION

ART ❖ Areas Of Arts:

- comes from the Latin word “ars” which means • Industrial Arts – useful in our lives
craftmanship, inventiveness, mastery of form, skill ex. machinery, weldings, carpentry,
- it is the making or composition that being useful for tools, etc.
our human needs or the arrangement of certain • Agricultural Arts – ex. farming, and
elements and qualities made for contemplation of gardening
the time and relaxation of the spirit • Homemaking Arts – ex. crochets,
- expression or application of human creative skill and embroidery, works, baking, cooking,
imagination
food presentation
- serves as an original record of human achievements
- the process of using our senses and emotions in • Business and Distributive Arts – ex.
making creative activities stenography, book keeping
• Fishery Arts – ex. layering soil and
ART APPRECIATION fishing
- the ability to interpret art and enjoy them
➢ Fine Arts – products using human creative skills,
AESTHETICS spirit and mind should achieve
- pertains to beauty or object which emphasizes ▪ the artist of fine arts is independent and free
beauty rather than usefulness to express themselves; their interest is fine
arts
ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENT OF ARTS
▪ in fine arts there is a visual art which is
1. Art must be man-made. perceived by our arts
2. It must be benefit and satisfy man.
3. It must be expressed through certain medium and ❖ Visual Arts
material. • 2-dimensional art – ex. paintings,
drawings, mosaic, printmaking,
calligraphy, and photography

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 • 3-dimensional art – ex. architecture, • Contour Hatching – follows the
pottery and sculpture contour or curve of the object
• Performing arts – body movement, • Stippling – placing many dots in the
gestures and expression paper to indicate shading
ex. dance, theater, film • Line Quality – the thickness of the line

➢ Liberal Arts – use of mind such as intellectual 2. SHAPE – when lines intersect to enclose a
reasoning (math and logics) figure/shape
▪ to learn new skills and development of
man’s intellect ❖ Two Categories Of Shape
• Geometric shape – any structure, open
➢ Major Arts (Fine or Aesthetic) – actual and potential or closed, having a definite shape and
expressiveness properties made up of lines, curves and
▪ the goal is to express of feelings joints (follows math equations/ based
on math principles)
➢ Minor Arts (Utilitarian or Practical) - the purpose is
useful and must be functional like practical or useful • Organic Shape – shapes often
art curvilinear in appearance that are
similar to those found in nature, such
2. ACCORDING TO MEDIA AND FORMS as plants, animals, and rocks
➢ Plastic Arts –it is derived from the word plasticize
meaning to mold, describes any art form which 3. COLOR – an element that refers to reflected light
involves modelling or molding in 3d ▪ most dominant or the most important
- physical manipulation of plastic by molding and it element
should be 3D
▪ most common examples: sculpture ❖ Three Characteristics
▪ most common material: sandstones, bone, • Hue – single color, the origin or the
ivory, wood, clay base
▪ example figure: monument of Dr, Jose Rizal • Intensity or Saturation – the brightness
or dullness of a color
▪ mixed with gray, black or white it
➢ Mixed Media Arts – it refers to a visual art that is chill
combines variety of media in a single artwork • Value – refers to the lightness or
▪ some art material used include, but not darkness
limited to is paint, cloth, paper, wood, and ▪ the lighter it is to white
found objects ▪ the darker it is to black
▪ ex. assemblages, collages, and sculpture ▪ hue + white = tint
▪ hue + black = shade
➢ Phonetic Arts – make technology that can convert lines ▪ hue + gray = tone
of recorded dialogues in a speech
▪ relating to the sound of a word or the ❖ The Color Wheel – a circular arrangement of
sounds that are used in languages colors organized by chromatic relationship to
*phenomena- basic unit of sound one another
- ex. music, drama, literature, spoken poetry -discovered by Isaac Newton
in the 17th century
ELEMENTS OF ARTS

1. LINE – most basic element of arts Consists of:

• Primary colors – red, blue, yellow
❖ Types Of Lines • Secondary colors – mixing of two primary
• Contour line – outline of the object colors
• Cross-contour line – follows the • Tertiary colors – combination of primary
contour of the object and emphasize and secondary
form
• Hatching line – a row line, all facing in ❖ Seven Major Color Schemes
the same direction • Monochromatic – a single hue color
• Cross-hatching line – similar to -from light to dark vice versa if you
hatching add value
• Scumbling – tiny, squiggly, circular
sort of lines
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 • Analogous Color Scheme – a color scheme ▪ light color is light source or light reflected
that are formed by pairing one main color within
with the two directly next to it on the color
wheel 5. FORM – has depth as well as width and height
-any three hue in the color wheel
that are next to each other or side by side 6. TEXTURE – surface quality of an object that we
sense through touch
• Complementary Colors – two hue colors
that opposites each other
-visualize it as drawing a line from one 7. SPACE – real space is three dimensional
color on the wheel to another -in a work of art, this refers to a felling of
depth or 3d
• Split Complementary Colors – refers to a ▪ Negative space – surrounds the primary or
color scheme that includes one dominant main object
color and two colors directly adjacent to the ▪ Positive space – the space occupied by the
dominant color compliment primary object
-three hue colors that consists of -the relationship between negative and
one prominent color and two colors positive space can affect impact of work of
adjacent to the complementary color art

SUBJECT OF ART- any person or object which is the main

• Triadic – uses three color that illustrate by
focus of the art
a triangle rotating the color wheel
-evenly spaced around 1. PRESENTATIONAL ART – with subject
Ex. Paintings, sculpture
• Square – consists of four color that connects 2. NON-PRESENTATINAL ART – without subject
color using a square shape Ex. Abstract
3. SPACE ART – 2D & 3D
• Rectangle or tetradic – uses four color that 4. TIME / AUDITORY ART – heard
formed a rectangle shape Ex. Music and literatures
-ranged into two complimentary colors 5. COMBINED ARTS – heard, involves time and
space
6. PLASTIC ART
❖ Common Psychological Effects Of Color 7. MIXED ART
• White – purity, innocence, cleanliness,
sense of space, neutrality, mourning(in
some culture/society)
• Black – authority, power, strength, evil,
intelligence, death or mourning
• Gray – neutral, timeless, practical
• Red – love, romance, gentle, warmth,
comfort, energy, excitement, intensity, life,
good
• Orange – happy, energetic, excitement,
enthusiasm, warmth, wealth, prosperity,
sophistication, change, stimulation
• Yellow – happiness, laughter, cheery,
warmth, optimism
• Green – natural, cool, growth, money,
health, tranquility, fertility
• Blue – calmness, serenity, cold, wisdom,
loyalty, truth, focused
• Purple – royalty, wealth, sophistication,
wisdom, exotic, spiritual, prosperity,
respect, mystery
• Brown – reliability, stability, friendship,
warmth, comfort, serenity, natural, organic

4. VALUE – describe the brightness of color

▪ dark color is lack of light
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