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Aswin TS Working Principle of Dpist Sys Simplified Notes Unit 1

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23 views4 pages

Aswin TS Working Principle of Dpist Sys Simplified Notes Unit 1

Uploaded by

tejeswarkomara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is a Distributed System?

A distributed system is a group of independent computers that work together to appear


as one system to users. These computers communicate over a network, share tasks, and
resources, and collaborate to complete tasks efficiently.

Working Principle of a Distributed System

1. Distributed System Software:

This software coordinates the activities of the connected computers (nodes) and enables
resource sharing such as hardware, software, and data.

2. Database Usage:

A central database stores the data processed by each node in the system.
3. Autonomous Systems with a Common Application:

Every autonomous system (independent computer or node) has its own application but
shares a central database for data synchronization.

4. Middleware Service for Data Transfer:

Middleware services connect the central system to the autonomous systems. This
middleware acts as a bridge, enabling communication and managing data that might not
be supported locally on individual systems.

5. Middleware Components for Communication:

Middleware services also add functionality that might not exist in the local or central
system, ensuring seamless data sharing and communication.

6. Data Segmentation and Sharing:

The central system divides data into segments or modules and distributes them to
autonomous systems for processing.

7. Processing and Centralized Storage:

After processing, the autonomous systems return the processed data to the central
database via the network.

Connection to the Diagram

Central System: The main storage and management point.

Autonomous Systems (Nodes): Independent systems processing data.

Middleware Layer: The intermediary enabling communication between the central and
local systems.

Data Flow: The movement of data between the central database and autonomous
systems for processing and storage.

Characteristics of Distributed Systems

1. Resource Sharing:

Distributed systems allow sharing of resources like hardware, software, and data across
all connected systems.

2. Openness:

Systems are designed to be extended and improved easily, promoting collaboration and
innovation.
3. Concurrency:

Multiple users or systems can perform tasks simultaneously, enabling efficient


multitasking.

4. Scalability:

These systems can grow by adding more computers (nodes) to accommodate increased
demand.

5. Fault Tolerance:

If one part fails, the system continues to operate without significant performance loss.

6. Transparency:

The complexity of the system is hidden from users, ensuring seamless operation.

Advantages of Distributed Systems

1. Scalability:

Systems can expand easily by adding new computers, handling increased demand
without reconfiguring.

2. Reliability and Fault Tolerance:

Even if one part of the system fails, others compensate, ensuring uninterrupted services.

3. Performance:

Tasks are divided among multiple nodes, speeding up processes and improving system
performance.

4. Resource Sharing:

Efficient use of resources by sharing them across the system, reducing redundancy and
cost.

5. Geographical Distribution:

Nodes can be spread worldwide, providing faster access to resources for users in
different locations.

Disadvantages of Distributed Systems

1. Software Limitations:

Software suitable for fully utilizing distributed systems is still underdeveloped.


2. Security Concerns:

Sharing resources across multiple systems increases vulnerability to unauthorized


access.

3. Network Overload:

High data transfer volumes can saturate networks, slowing down operations.

4. Database Complexity:

Managing distributed databases is more challenging compared to centralized databases.

5. Potential for Network Delays:

If multiple nodes send data simultaneously, the network may become congested.

Use Cases of Distributed Systems

1. Finance and Commerce:

Examples: E-commerce platforms (Amazon, eBay) and online banking systems.

2. Information Society:

Examples: Search engines, Wikipedia, and cloud computing services like Google Drive

3. Cloud Technologies:

Examples: AWS, Microsoft Azure, Salesforce.

4. Entertainment:

Examples: Online gaming, music streaming, and video platforms like YouTube.

5. Healthcare:

Examples: Managing patient records online and health informatics systems.

6. Transport and Logistics:

Examples: GPS navigation and route planning with tools like Google Maps

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