01

The Web
and
The Internet
CHLOE P. REOTUTAR, BS INFOTECH
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World Wide Web

The World Wide Web - commonly referred to as
WWW, W3, or simply, the "Web" is an interconnected
system of public webpages accessible through the
Internet.
Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee
Born 8 June 1955 in London, England
Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng
FRSA FBCS, also known as TimBL, is an English According to The Richest, his
personal wealth is valued at
engineer and computer scientist best known as the
$50 million while Celebrity
inventor of the World Wide Web. Net Worth reckon he is worth
$10 million.
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In 1989 Berners-Lee drew up a proposal for
creating a global hypertext document system that
would make use of the Internet. His goal was to
provide researchers with the ability to share their
results, techniques, and practices without having to
exchange e-mail constantly.
Instead, researchers would place such
information “online,” where their peers could
immediately retrieve it anytime, day or night.
Berners-Lee wrote the software for the first Web
server (the central repository for the files to be
shared) and the first Web client, or “browser” (the
program to access and display files retrieved from
the server), between October 1990 and the
summer of 1991.
 WEB WEBSITE WEB PAGE 04

World Wide Web, which is A collection of web pages Web page is a part of
also known as a Web, is a which are grouped together website which comprises
collection of websites or and usually connected links to other web pages.
web pages stored in web together in various ways.
servers accessible through Every web page is a single
the Internet. Each web page of a given HTML document, and all of
website provides explicit links them are connected
It is the leading information —most of the time in the through hyperlinks (or
retrieval service of the form of clickable portion of simply “link”).
Internet. text—that allow the user to
move from one page of the
website to another.
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 TYPES OF WEBSITE
1) STATIC WEBSITE (READ-ONLY WEBSITE)

Static websites are ones that are fixed and display the same content for
every user, usually written exclusively in HTML. Static websites are purely
informational. The word static refers to something that is fixed, that
doesn’t move or change in any way.

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2) DYNAMIC WEBSITE (READ-WRITE INTERACTIVE WEB)

A dynamic website is one that can display different content and

provide user interaction, by making use of advanced
programming and databases in addition to HTML. The word
dynamic refers to elements that are continuously changing,
interactive, and functional.
Instead of being simply informational, dynamic websites include
aspects that are characterized by interactivity and functionality.
They are more complex in terms of building and design, but they
are also more versatile.
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KEY FEATURES OF 07

DYNAMIC WEBSITE
Folksonomy – It allows users to classify websites,
pictures, documents and other forms of data so that
content may be easily categorized and located by users.
Folksonomy is also known as social tagging,
collaborative tagging, social classification and social
bookmarking.
Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is
responsive to user’s input. An example would be a
website that showslocal content.
KEY FEATURES OF 08

DYNAMIC WEBSITE
User Participation – the owner of website is not the only
one who is able to put content. Others are able to place a
content on their own by means of comments, reviews, and
evaluation.
Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on
a one-time purchase. This is synonymous to subscribing to
a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you
spent on Internet or a data plan that charges you for the
amount of bandwidth you used.
KINDS OF WEBSITES 09

1. eCommerce Website - is a website people can directly buy products

from. Any website that includes a shopping cart and a way for you to
provide credit card information to make a purchase falls into this
category.
2. Business Website - is any website that’s devoted to representing a
specific business. It should be branded like the business (the same logo
and positioning) and communicate the types of products and/or services
the business offers
3. Entertainment Website - is any website that showcases entertaining
information for visitors.
KINDS OF WEBSITES 10

4. Portfolio Website - are sites devoted to showing examples of past work. Service
providers who want to show potential clients the quality of the work they provide
can use a portfolio website to collect some of the best samples of past work
they’ve done. This type of website is simpler to build than a business website and
more focused on a particular task: collecting work samples.
5. Media Website - is any website that collects news stories or other
reporting. There’s some overlap here with entertainment websites, but
media websites are more likely to include reported pieces in addition to or
instead of content meant purely for entertainment.
6. Brochure Websites - is a simplified form of business websites.
Sometimes just a simple brochure site that includes just a few pages that lay
out the basics of a business and provide contact information.
 KINDS OF WEBSITES 11

7. Educational Website - is any website of an educational institutions and

those offering online courses fall into the category of educational websites.
These websites have the primary goal of either providing educational
materials to visitors or providing information on an educational institution
to them.
8. Personal Website - Not all websites exist to make money in some way or
another. Many people find value in creating personal websites to put their
own thoughts out into the world. This category includes personal blogs,
vlogs, and photo diaries people share with the world.
KINDS OF WEBSITES 12

9. Web Portal - Oftentimes, these websites designed for internal purposes at a

business, organization, or institution. They collect information in different
formats from different sources into one place to make all relevant information
accessible to the people who need to see it. They often involve a login and
personalized views for different users that ensure the information that’s
accessible is most useful to their particular needs
10. Wiki or Community Forum Website - A wiki is any website where various
users are able to collaborate on content and all make their own tweaks and
changes as they see fit. There are wikis for fan communities, for business
resources, and for collecting valuable information sources
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The Internet
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The Internet or “net” (network of network) is the largest computer

network in the world that connects billions of computer user. The
word internet comes from combination between “interconnection”
and “network”.

Network is a collection of computers and devices connected via

communication channels and transmission media allow to share
resources (hardware, software, data, information). Generally,
nobody owns the internet
BRIEF HISTORY OF INTERNET 15

ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency) started an experimental computer

network in January 2, 1969. Concept – No server, but equal
importance/participation to every computer in the network.
In 1982, the word internet started. In 1986, the first “ free net” created in Case
Western Reserve University. In 1991, the US government allowed business
agencies to connect to internet.

Now all people can connect to the internet and improve their life and work
quality.
 The Internet consists of technologies developed by different
individuals and organizations. Important figures include Robert W.
Taylor, who led the development of the ARPANET (an early
prototype of the Internet), and Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn, who
developed the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) technologies.

16 Robert W. Taylor Vinton Cerf & Robert Kahn

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET
1. Server – is a computer program that provides service to another computer
program and it’s user.

TYPES OF SERVERS
Application Server – a program in computer that provides the business logic for an
application program.
Web Server – a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files.
Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an intermediary between an endpoint device,
such as computer and another server from which a user is requesting.
Mail Server – is an application that receives incoming e-mail from local users and
remote senders and forward outgoing e-mail for delivery
File Server – is a computer responsible for central storage and management of data
files so that other computer on the same network can access them.
Policy Server – is a security component of a policy – based network that provides
authorization services and facilities tracking and control of files.
MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET
2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a numerical label assigned to each device.
This provides identity to a network device.
3. Browser – is an application program that provides a way to look information on
the web.
4. Internet Service Provider (ISP) – is an organization that provides services for
accessing, using or participating in the internet.
5. Domain Name System (DNS) – is the phonebook of internet. We access
information online through domain names.