- 52262

Register No.

BE Degree Examination May 2023

Sixth Semester
Electronics and Communication Engineering
2OECT61 _ ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMTINICATION
(Regulations 2020)

Time: Three hours Maximum, tOO rrrrrk.

Answer all Questions
Part-A (10 x2=20 marks)
1. Mention the types of linear modulation involved in a single message signal. [co1,KU

2. In what way the output signal-to-noise ratio of an AM receiver can be estimated using [col,KU
envelope detector.
3. Give the mathematical form of representing instantaneous frequency of the angle [co2,K3]
modulated signal.
4. Define capture effect. [Co2,K1]

5. In an S-ary PAM system, the binary d.ata stream is 320 kbps. It has raised cosine pulse tco3,K3l
shaping with a ro11 off factor of 0.3. Determine the bandwidth required to transmit the 8-
ary PAM signal.
6. Draw the eye pattern interpretation on the performance of a baseband pulse-transmission [co3,KU
system.
7. Compare QPSK, OQPSK, n/4 QPSK lco4'r<21

8. Compute the transrnission bandwidth required if the message is transmitted through [co4,K3]
MSK digital modulator for the digital message with a data rate of l2kbps.
9. Construct the Huffman code and calculate the efficiency for a discrete memory less source [co5,K3]
within has 6 symbols xr, x2, xB, x4, xE, E xe with the probabilities of 0.2,0.3, 0.26, 0.18, 0.15,
0.03.
10. Find the information gained by observing the source with the probability of P" = 9.25. [co5,K4]

Part-B (5x16=80marks)
11. a. il Illustrate the coherent detector for demodulating DSB-SC modulated wave (8) [co1,K2]
with its spectrum.
ii) Explain how the carrier frequency is translated upward or downward using (8) [co1'K1]
mixer with neat sketch.

(oR)
 l>
ta

b. i) Describe the elements of an AM radio receiver of the superhetrodyn.

receiver.
ii) Interpret the performance of noise analysis in AM receiver using envelop
detection.

12. a. i) Illustrate the expression & block diagram for generating a narrowband FM (8) lCO2.:-:
signal. Compare narrowband FM and AM waves.
ii) Explain the indirect FM system with neat block diagram. (8) lco2,K2l

(oR)

i) Explain the emphasis & de-emphasis used in FM system. (8) [coz,t<2)

ii) What are the nonlinearities effects in FM systems and derive an expression (8) lc02,K3l
in estimating the channel output of band-pass filter.

13. a. Explain the Delta modulation transmitter and receiver system. Illustrate the (16) [co3,K2]
two djfferent forms of quantization error in delta modulation.
(oR)
b. Describe the structure of an adaptive equalizer with neat block diagram and (16) [co3,K2]
constitute the involvement of LMS algorithm in adaptive equalization.

14. a. With neat block diagram, explain the detection of binary PSK signals and (16) [co4,K2]
illustrate the power spectra of BPSK.
(oR)
b. Describe the frequency hop spread spectrum and illustrate slow and fast (16) tco4,K2l
frequency hopping in M-ary FSK with neat sketch.

15. a. r) For the binary sequence of { 001101101110011010}, divide into sub (8) [co5,K3]
sequence using Lempel-ziv coding algorithrn. Find the codebook entries and
their binary codi.ng.
ii) A discrete memory less source has seven symbols whose probabilities of (8) [co5,K4]
occurrence of

Syrnbol So Sr Sz Ss S+ Ss So

Probability o.25 0.25 0.725 0.125 0.125 0.0625 0.0625

Compute Huffrnan code for this source, moving a combined symbol as high
as possible. Lxplain why computed source code has LOOo/o efficiency.

(oR)

2 K- 52262
 for the rate r=112, constraint length I<=4 (8) [co5,K3]
o. 1) consider the encoder the
produced by message
convolutional code. Determine the encoder output
sequence 10111.

oqd
,.'("8

pll2 (8) [co5,K4]

Construct the trellis diagram aoa sta@
t oI
encoder of t=LlZ?
which
with a message ,"qo*"" of length 3. Trace the path through trellis
corresponds to the message sequence of 10111'

os*

K- 52262
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