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How To Code in Python 3
Lisa Tagliaferri

DigitalOcean, New York City, New York, USA

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
4.0 International License.
ISBN 978-0-9997730-0-0
About DigitalOcean

DigitalOcean is a cloud services platform delivering the simplicity

developers love and businesses trust to run production applications at scale.
It provides highly available, secure and scalable compute, storage and
networking solutions that help developers build great software faster.
Founded in 2012 with offices in New York and Cambridge, MA,
DigitalOcean offers transparent and affordable pricing, an elegant user
interface, and one of the largest libraries of open source resources available.
For more information, please visit https://www.digitalocean.com or follow
@digitalocean on Twitter.
Read this book online and receive server credit via https://do.co/python-
book.
DigitalOcean Community Team
Director of Community: Etel Sverdlov
Technical Writers: Melissa Anderson, Brian Boucheron, Mark Drake,
Justin Ellingwood, Katy Howard, Lisa Tagliaferri
Technical Editors: Brian Hogan, Hazel Virdó
How To Code in Python 3

1. Introduction
2. Python 2 vs Python 3: Practical Considerations
3. How To Install Python 3 and Set Up a Local Programming
Environment on Ubuntu 16.04
4. How To Install Python 3 and Set Up a Local Programming
Environment on macOS
5. How To Install Python 3 and Set Up a Local Programming
Environment on Windows 10
6. How To Install Python 3 and Set Up a Local Programming
Environment on CentOS 7
7. How To Install Python 3 and Set Up a Programming
Environment on an Ubuntu 16.04 Server
8. How To Write Your First Python 3 Program
9. How To Work with the Python Interactive Console
10. How To Write Comments
11. Understanding Data Types
12. An Introduction to Working with Strings
13. How To Format Text
14. An Introduction to String Functions
15. How To Index and Slice Strings
16. How To Convert Data Types
17. How To Use Variables
18. How To Use String Formatters
19. How To Do Math with Operators
20. Built-in Python 3 Functions for Working with Numbers
21. Understanding Boolean Logic
22. Understanding Lists
23. How To Use List Methods
24. Understanding List Comprehensions
25. Understanding Tuples
26. Understanding Dictionaries
27. How To Import Modules
28. How To Write Modules
29. How To Write Conditional Statements
30. How To Construct While Loops
31. How To Construct For Loops
32. How To Use Break, Continue, and Pass Statements when
Working with Loops
33. How To Define Functions
34. How To Use *args and **kwargs
35. How To Construct Classes and Define Objects
36. Understanding Class and Instance Variables
37. Understanding Inheritance
38. How To Apply Polymorphism to Classes
39. How To Use the Python Debugger
40. How To Debug Python with an Interactive Console
41. How To Use Logging
42. How To Port Python 2 Code to Python 3
Introduction
Why Learn To Code
Software and technology are becoming increasingly integrated into our
everyday lives, allowing us to accomplish tasks, navigate to destinations,
make purchases, and stay connected with friends. Because of how pervasive
software now is to the human experience, it is important for all of us to
learn some of the key foundational elements of computer programming.
While some may choose to study computer science as part of their formal
education, everyone can benefit from an understanding of algorithmic
thinking and computational processes. Learning how the software that we
use on a daily basis is made can allow us as end users to evaluate how and
why these applications are developed, enabling us to think critically about
these tools and how to improve them.
Just like any other product, computer programs are designed and
developed by people who have unconscious biases, make errors, and may
not be considering all aspects of a problem they are trying to solve. Though
development teams may do thorough testing and work to create
sophisticated and useful programs, they do not always meet the needs and
expectations of all users. While not everyone needs to learn to code
complex programs, learning how coding works can help shape the future of
technology and increase the number of stakeholders, decision makers, and
knowledge producers who can work to build better software for everyone.
Some of us may choose to solve challenging problems within the
technology sector, but for those of us not working in computer science, a
programming background can still be a great asset to our professional
fields. Computer programming provides many applications across domains,
and can help us solve problems in specialities such as medicine, economics,
sociology, history, and literature, to name a few. By integrating technology’s
methodologies into our own fields, we can leverage computational logic
and software design and development practices in our work. When we
synthesize knowledge across spheres and collaborate with people from
different backgrounds, we can innovate in new, more inclusive ways that
can enact meaningful impact across many communities.
Why Learn Python
Extremely versatile and popular among developers, Python is a good
general-purpose language that can be used in a variety of applications. For
those with an understanding of English, Python is a very human-readable
programming language, allowing for quick comprehension. Because Python
supports multiple styles including scripting and object-oriented
programming, it is considered to be a multi-paradigm language that enables
programmers to use the most suitable style to complete a project.
Increasingly used in industry, Python offers a lot of potential for those who
would like to begin coding while also being a good choice for those looking
to pick up an additional programming language.
Learning the key concepts of Python can help you understand how
programs work while also imparting foundational logic that can serve you
in other domains. Understanding what Python and computer programming
can offer you both as a user and as a developer is important as technology is
further integrated into daily life.
As you work through this book, you will be able to increase your
awareness of computer programming, improve your logical thinking, and
eventually become a producer of software. Being able to create software
that runs is a very rewarding endeavor, and can help you serve those around
you by increasing their access and empowering them to become
collaborators. The more communities involved in the creation of software
development, the more communities there will be whose needs are served
by software.
How To Use This Book
This book is designed to be used in a way that makes sense for you. While
it is arranged to ramp up an emerging developer, do not be constrained by
the order: feel free to move throughout the book in a way that makes sense
for you. Once you are familiar with the concepts, you can continue to use
the book as a source of reference.
If you use the book in the order it is laid out, you’ll begin your
exploration in Python by understanding the key differences between Python
3 and the previous versions of the language. From there, you’ll set up a
programming environment for your relevant local or server-based system,
and begin by learning general Python code structure, syntax, and data types.
Along the way, you’ll gain a solid grounding in computational logic within
Python, which can help you learn other programming languages. While the
beginning of the book focuses on scripting in Python, the end of the book
will take you through object-oriented coding in Python, which can make
your code more modular, flexible, and complex without repetition. By the
end of the book, you’ll learn how to debug your Python code and finally
how to port Python code across versions.
When you are done with the book, we encourage you to look at project-
based tutorials to put your knowledge into play while creating projects that
can help you solve problems. While you are working on these projects, you
can continue to refer to the chapters in this book as reference material.
As part of your learning process and once you feel comfortable, we
recommend that you contribute to an open-source project to improve
programs and drive greater access via software and technical documentation
pull requests or repository maintenance. Our community is bigger than just
us and building software together can make sure that everyone has an
opportunity to participate in the technology we use every day.
Python 2 vs Python 3: Practical
Considerations

Python is an extremely readable and versatile programming language. With

a name inspired by the British comedy group Monty Python, it was an
important foundational goal of the Python development team to make the
language fun to use. Easy to set up, and written in a relatively
straightforward style with immediate feedback on errors, Python is a great
choice for beginners.
As Python is a multiparadigm language — that is, it supports multiple
programming styles including scripting and object-oriented — it is good for
general purpose use. Increasingly used in industry by organizations such as
United Space Alliance (NASA’s main shuttle support contractor), and
Industrial Light & Magic (the VFX and animation studio of Lucasfilm),
Python offers a lot of potential for those looking to pick up an additional
programming language.
Developed in the late 1980s and first published in 1991, Python was
authored by Guido van Rossum, who is still very active in the community.
Conceived as a successor to the ABC programming language, Python’s first
iteration already included exception handling, functions, and classes with
inheritance. When an important Usenet newsgroup discussion forum called
comp.lang.python was formed in 1994, Python’s user base grew, paving the
way for Python to become one of the most popular programming languages
for open source development.
General Overview
Before looking into potential opportunities related to — and the key
programmatic differences between — Python 2 and Python 3, let’s take a
look into the background of the more recent major releases of Python.

Python 2

Published in late 2000, Python 2 signalled a more transparent and inclusive

language development process than earlier versions of Python with the
implementation of PEP (Python Enhancement Proposal), a technical
specification that either provides information to Python community
members or describes a new feature of the language.
Additionally, Python 2 included many more programmatic features
including a cycle-detecting garbage collector to automate memory
management, increased Unicode support to standardize characters, and list
comprehensions to create a list based on existing lists. As Python 2
continued to develop, more features were added, including unifying
Python’s types and classes into one hierarchy in Python version 2.2.

Python 3

Python 3 is regarded as the future of Python and is the version of the

language that is currently in development. A major overhaul, Python 3 was
released in late 2008 to address and amend intrinsic design flaws of
previous versions of the language. The focus of Python 3 development was
to clean up the codebase and remove redundancy, making it clear that there
was only one way to perform a given task.
Other documents randomly have
different content
 + − Pub W 97:605 F 21 ’20 260w

“It is not the author’s fault if she has produced a pious memorial
rather than a living portrait.” H. W. Boynton

− Review 2:462 My 1 ’20 130w

Springf’d Republican p11a S 26 ’20
190w

[2]
DAVIS, FRANKLYN PIERRE, ed. Anthology
of newspaper verse for 1919, and year book of
newspaper poetry. $2.50 The author. Enid, Okla.
811.08

20–15478

“Franklyn Pierre Davis of Enid, Okla. carries the anthologizing

tendency a step further by editing an ‘Anthology of newspaper verse
for 1919 and year book of newspaper poetry.’ Selections are made
from a list of papers nationwide in range, and include topical poems,
light verse and serious poetry. The editor says: ‘I hope to be able to
present annually the best of the verse published in the newspapers in
a volume which may preserve for the future the real sentiment of the
American people and the true ideals of American life.’”—Springf’d
Republican

“If the fact be excepted that Mr Davis has done his job rather
badly, one can have nothing but admiration for his endeavor. The
idea is mentally invigorating and susceptible of many admirable
procedures. It is the editor’s own fault that he has not carried it out
in a sufficiently comprehensive manner.” H. S. Gorman

+ − Bookm 52:168 O ’20 500w

Springf’d Republican p8 N 16 ’20 140w

DAVIS, JAMES FRANCIS. Chinese label. il

*$1.75 (2c) Little

20–6429

San Antonio is the scene of this smuggling story and Julian Napier
is the special secret service agent sent down from Washington to
catch the smugglers. Besides opium, he is on the lookout for two
diamonds of great value. A Mexican, a Turk, several Chinese, a
beautiful Armenian woman, a lovely American girl and her father, all
are implicated in the plot. Clever team work between Napier and the
Texas rangers results in the taking of one diamond, and the other is
captured in a spectacular raid on the headquarters of the Chinese
society which was also doing a big opium business. In this raid the
poor dope fiend which the American girl’s father had become met his
death like a man, leaving Ruth to be comforted by Julian.

Booklist 16:347 Jl ’20

“The whole affair is treated lightly, without pretense that it is

anything more than an amusing yarn; and this is refreshing.” H. W.
Boynton

+ Bookm 51:582 Jl ’20 190w

Boston Transcript p9 My 8 ’20 320w

“It all runs logically and with a degree of reserve for which the
reader is grateful. There would be opportunities for the writer to run
amuck, as it were, if he would, but he is artist enough to understand
that the best dramatic effect often can be attained by piquing the
imagination rather than by laying on the crimson paint with a
whitewash brush.”

+ N Y Times 25:277 My 23 ’20 480w

Springf’d Republican p12 My 21 ’20
120w

DAVIS, MALCOLM W. Open gates to Russia. il

*$2 (2½c) Harper 914.7

20–1610

The author pleads for fair dealing and friendliness and co-
operation with Russia in the accomplishment of her great task of
reconstruction, and the object of the book is to point out the practical
ways and means by which mutually satisfactory relationship can be
achieved between Russia and America. The book falls into four parts:
The new importance of Russia; Russia’s immediate necessities;
Russia’s enduring needs; The interest of Russia. “The first part is a
consideration of the question of recent relationships and the
attitudes which they have created. The second ... of the important
opportunities in trade and industry. The third points out social
opportunities, in which considerable opportunities for commercial
enterprise are also involved. Finally, the last part is an answer to
some American misconceptions of Russia and a description of the
real Russia for Americans who wish to know her.” (Chapter 1:
America’s attitude toward awakened Russia)

“It is intensely practical, and for that very reason has value at the
moment beyond the larger number of books upon Russia.”

+ Boston Transcript p6 Ap 14 ’20 330w

“Business men who plan to expand their export trade will find
these pages a mine of information. The conditions and needs are
presented in detail, and valuable suggestions for the conduct of trade
with Russia are given.”

+ Cath World 111:536 Jl ’20 700w

+ Cleveland p42 Ap ’20 60w

Reviewed by Jacob Zeitlin

Nation 110:400 Mr 27 ’20 160w

“It is gratifying to come across a book that is so clear in its recital

of facts as the one Davis has given us. It is in all a volume worth
reading.” Alvin Winston

+ N Y Call p10 Mr 21 ’20 750w

 “The five chapters under the general title, Russia’s enduring needs,
are of great value, and of special interest is the one relating to The
liberated influence of woman.”

+ N Y Times 25:268 My 23 ’20 440w

“It will be perhaps especially suggestive to the American who

contemplates opening business relations with Russia, but it is a
valuable addition to the library of any layman interested in social,
economic, and intellectual conditions in Russia today.”

+ Outlook 124:336 F 25 ’20 80w

+ R of Rs 61:446 Ap ’20 80w

“The volume is one that challenges our present individual

indifference to the Russia of today and of the future.”

+ Springf’d Republican p11a My 30 ’20

1100w

“It should not be neglected by anyone interested in commercial or

other relationships with Russia.” Reed Lewis

+ Survey 44:50 Ap 3 ’20 220w

DAVIS, NORAH. Other woman. *$1.75 (1c)

Century

20–9140
 In this story of dual personality a man, Langdom Kirven, after
excessive fatigue and brain-fag, loses himself and consciousness, and
wakes up in a hospital another man. In the morning he had said
good-bye to his wife and little son and taken a train to New York. The
new man is a crook and a criminal, albeit a genius. After seven years
his one-time bosom friend and business partner, Spencer Ellis, finds
him on a bench in the park, a down and out tramp. Ellis recognizes
Kirven and implores him to return to his old life. But there is no
memory in Kirven, now John Gorham, and Ellis is at last forced to
believe that the external resemblance hides a strange personality.
But he gives Gorham a chance to retrieve his fall in fortunes, which
the latter does with bold and doubtful business methods. He also
falls passionately in love with Naomi, Ellis’ cousin. One morning
after another crisis, John Gorham has fled with all memory of
himself and a bewildered Kirven awakens in the latter’s office. After
this a succession of alternations follows, each one leaving the subject
and his friends more bewildered and perplexed than ever. At last an
eminent physician finds the way out. The split personality can be
unified by a complete realization of the situation and henceforth
Langdom Kirven can go through the remainder of his life whole,
although cursed with a continuous memory.

“Somewhat melodramatic and rather long drawn out, but cleverly

managed. Will appeal to those who read for plot interest.”

+ Booklist 17:157 Ja ’21

“It is a difficult piece of work which is admirably well done.” D. L.

M.

+ Boston Transcript p7 Ag 18 ’20 580w

 “Miss Davis has handled her material very well indeed, with much
ingenuity of invention and with commendable care in the working
out of her great amount of detail and complication. The novel is a
good piece of literary workmanship in construction and
development.”

+ N Y Times 25:321 Je 20 ’20 420w

DAVIS, PHILIP, and SCHWARTZ, BERTHA,

comps. Immigration and Americanization. $4 (1½c)
Ginn 325.7

20–4542

The book is a compilation of selected readings, on the title subject.

It “aims to cover the field of immigration and Americanization from
every possible point of view, subject to the limits of a single volume.
It is particularly designed to meet the needs of high schools, colleges
universities, and chautauquas, which have been frequently at a loss
in recommending to the student, investigator, official, or general
public a handbook on these twin topics.” (Preface) The selections
have been arranged chronologically and include some of the most
recent contributions on the subject from writers including Jane
Addams, Edward Everett, Henry Cabot Lodge, Emily Greene Balch,
Edward A. Steiner, E. A. Goldenweiser, Paul U. Kellogg, John
Mitchell, Edward Alsworth Ross, Edward T. Devine, Lillian D. Wald,
J. E. Milholland, Samuel Gompers, Woodrow Wilson, Franklin K.
Lane, Louis D. Brandeis, Theodore Roosevelt. The contents are in
two parts. In book 1 the selections are classified under: History;
Causes; Characteristics; The new immigration; Effects; Immigration
legislation. Book 2 contains: Americanization: policies and
programs; Distribution; Education; Naturalization and citizenship;
Americanism. There is an appendix, a bibliography and an index.

Booklist 17:51 N ’20

“The book should be of value to both the general reader and the
special student.”

+ Boston Transcript p11 My 22 ’20 200w

“The compilers have exercised diligence and judgment, but with a

few exceptions the selections lack the ‘human touch.’ It would appear
that an undue proportion of space is allotted to the new immigration,
even admitting that from the standpoint of the present time and the
Americanization worker greater emphasis is justifiable.” G: M.
Stephenson

+ − Mississippi Valley Hist R 7:168 S ’20

720w
Survey 44:385 Je 12 ’20 100w

DAVIS, WILLIAM. Hosiery manufacture.

(Pitman’s textile industries ser.) il *$3.50 Pitman 677

A British work designed to meet the rapid development of the

knitted fabrics industry and to supply the demand of new firms for
information. Contents: Development of the knitted fabric; Knitting
and weaving compared; Latch needle knitting; Types of knitting
yarns; Systems of numbering hosiery yarns; Calculations for folded
knitting yarns; Bearded needle knitting; Setting of knitted fabrics;
Various knitting yarns; Winding of hosiery yarns; Circular knitting;
Colour in knitted goods; Colour harmony and contrast; Defects in
fabrics. There are sixty-one illustrations and an index.

DAVIS, WILLIAM STEARNS. History of

France; from the earliest times to the treaty of
Versailles. il *$3.50 (2c) Houghton 944

19–19268

For descriptive note see Annual for 1919.

“Professor Davis has the knack of vivid and fluent narrative. The
tale reads well and is interesting. The author makes the great figures
of French history appear living.” C. H. C. Wright

+ − Am Hist R 26:313 Ja ’21 580w

+ Booklist 61:163 F ’20

“An interesting feature of the story is that which tells of the

relation of France to the crusades. There is an extremely interesting
account of life in France in the feudal ages. The story of the
revolution is told rapidly, but with great brilliancy. As a single
volume history of France this must take its place in the foremost
rank.” E. J. C.
 + Boston Transcript p6 Ja 3 ’20 550w

“Though one can clearly discern the author’s purpose of presenting

his facts fairly and with due justice to all, he has not perfectly
understood the spirit and ideals that have made France. Early and
mediæval France cannot be judged by the ideals of modern American
Protestantism.”

+ − Cath World 111:256 My ’20 220w

“His limited space excludes detailed interpretation of separate

events, and the author is also compelled to give only the most
perfunctory notice to the economic phenomena which are associated
with various stages of French history. On the political side, however,
the work is reasonably complete, and Professor Davis shows an
excellent sense of proportion in laying special stress upon what may
be called the revolutionary era of French history.” W: H: Chamberlin

+ Dial 68:255 F ’20 1500w

+ − Nation 111:109 Jl 24 ’20 300w
New Repub 23:207 Jl 14 ’20 1650w

“The book is much more than a mere history; it is a colorful

romance, with a splendid nation as a background, and most of the
characters cast in a heroic mold.”

+ N Y Times 25:303 Je 6 ’20 420w

 “The present volume is, so far as we know, the only truly
comprehensive history of France. Aside from its comprehensiveness,
the text has been clearly and compactly written by one who has an
enviable knowledge of sources.”

+ Outlook 124:431 Mr 10 ’20 80w

“Though very sympathetic to his subject, and though he often

animadverts to the ravages of the Hun in the present when telling of
the past, his tone is scholarly and his attitude sufficiently impartial.
Mr Davis has added an excellent select bibliography. Unfortunately,
there is almost nothing of French literature and art.”

+ − Review 2:285 Mr 20 ’20 280w

“This book becomes at once the standard single-volume history of

France in the English language.”

+ R of Rs 61:335 Mr ’20 100w

“Not the least attractive feature of the book is the excellent diction.
Many of the illustrations are reproductions of rare prints and
paintings, and they greatly enhance the value of the work, which is,
indeed, a modern and trustworthy textbook.”

+ Springf’d Republican p9a F 29 ’20 140w

DAW, ALBERT W., and DAW, ZACHARIAS

W: Compressed air power. il *$7.50 Pitman 621.5
 “A treatise on the development and transmission of power by
compressed air for engineers and draughtsmen, and for students of
applied science.” (Sub-title) “The compression, expansion, exhaust,
and flow of air and gases are very fully dealt with, formulae deduced
for making the necessary computations, and practical examples
solved to assist those concerned in the design and use of compressed
air plant and machines.” (Preface) The book has seventy-five
illustrations, forty tables and numerous worked out examples, and is
indexed. The authors are members of the Institution of mining and
metallurgy [of Great Britain].

+ N Y P L New Tech Bks p59 Jl ’20 190w

DAWSON, CONINGSBY WILLIAM. Little

house. il *$1.50 (9c) Lane

20–16158

The little house tells its own story. It is a very old and empty little
house, as it stands in “Dolls’ House Square” in London, and on the
nights of air-raids and bombing, it is a very frightened little house.
But it is not too frightened to give shelter to others who are afraid,
too, and so one night when “the little lady who needed to be loved,
but did not know it,” crept in, with her two little children, they are
amply protected. And presently, “the wounded officer who wanted
rest,” looking for a haven from the raid sought it too in the little
house. Then the officer goes off to war, and the little lady comes to
live in the house. After the armistice, the officer returns, and, again
in the shelter of the little house, finds the rest he craves more than
ever, and “the little lady” receives the love she needs. And the little
house feels that its part in the romance has not been inconsiderable.

“By making the house in question narrate the scenes its walls have
witnessed. Mr Coningsby Dawson has aimed, not too successfully, at
imparting a Hans Andersen atmosphere to occurrences which have
not much in common with the traditional material of fairy-tale.”

+ − Ath p892 D 31 ’20 140w

Booklist 17:157 Ja ’21

“A story which has a real Christmas flavor and which would warm
the heart of anybody whatever is ‘The little house.’” Margaret
Ashmun

+ Bookm 52:342 D ’20 120w

“The story has a charm as elusive as the appealing quality that won
so many followers for Maude Adams. It is as endearing as ‘Roaming
in the gloaming’ or ‘Comin’ through the rye.’ In it sentiment keeps
clear of sentimentality.”

+ N Y Times p2 S 19 ’20 1000w

“‘The little house’ is really a Christmas story—and a very delightful

and charming one. The fanciful manner in which the story is told by
the old house in which the scenes take place is beautifully conceived
and finely carried out.”

+ Outlook 126:334 O 20 ’20 60w

 “Mr Dawson has chosen a rather childish allegory as his method,
although, after having read the book, one may look at a house with a
slightly more human feeling of childish fancy. The redeeming feature
of the book is the atmosphere of old London. Aside from these
glimpses of old London, ‘The little house’ is hardly more than a sweet
book for sweet people.”

+ − Springf’d Republican p9a O 17 ’20 330w

“For all its pretty sentiment (or, rather, because of it), the whole
thing is a pure ‘machine,’ the working of which Mr Dawson has
mastered under western influences.”

+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p781 N 25

’20 90w

DAWSON, EDGAR. Organized self-government.

il *$1.40 Holt 353

20–10285

The object of this volume is to serve as a school text-book in

teaching government, organized and political cooperation, the
functions of government and the problems to be met by those who
perform those functions. It is to arouse the child’s interest in
government as a practical subject and to open his eyes to noticing its
effects in the street, in the home, in the school. This latter purpose,
more especially, is to be accomplished by the suggestions and
questions at the end of each chapter. The contents are in five parts.
Part I, Elements of self-government, shows how voluntary
cooperation depends on parliamentary law, rules and legislation,
rulers and officers, and a constitution. Part II, Self-government in
cities, applies these elements to all the details of city government;
Parts III and IV do the same for the states and the United States.
Part V, Some general ideas about self-government, has chapters on:
Socialism and capitalism; Parties and leaders; Organized
government; and Real international law. In the appendix some of the
accepted principles of political cooperation are discussed, i.e. the
short ballot principle; civil service reform; the executive budget; the
principle of responsible leadership; etc.

“The book is sure to take its place among the few best ones in its
field.”

+ School R 28:548 S ’20 530w

DAWSON, RICHARD. Red terror and green: the

Sinn-Fein-bolshevist movement. *$2.50 Dutton
941.5

20–5381

“Mr Dawson builds his thesis that Sinn Fein is Bolshevism by

quoting Sinn Fein leaders, and refers the reader to name, page, date
of his authority. He goes back to the earliest attempts of Ireland to
free herself from England, and traces the whole movement, the
influences behind it and the work of the leaders who led, up to today,
when the new (Irish) nationalism ‘starting with lofty ideals of
national regeneration on the old lines of the ancient culture, begins
to seek its inspirations from modern sources of unspeakable
corruption.’”—Boston Transcript
 Ath p496 Ap 9 ’20 100w

“Will not please those who take the opposite stand, but worth
while as a well done presentation of the objections to Ireland’s
attitude.”

+ Booklist 17:24 O ’20

“As a polemical writer Mr Dawson is a comfort because his proofs

are not of the unidentified sort so common in the mouths of platform
orators. He does not employ vituperation as argument nor
blackguarding as punctuation. ‘Red terror and green’ is a timely,
excellent guide book to the present meaning and purpose of Sinn
Fein.” W. R. B.

+ Boston Transcript p6 Ap 14 ’20 1650w

“So evidently prepared from the standpoint of reactionery British

interests as to become propaganda in its most palpable and,
therefore, most useless form.”

− Cath World 112:550 Ja ’21 80w

Reviewed by Preserved Smith

Nation 110:768 Je 5 ’20 250w

N Y Times p1 Ag 1 ’20 750w
 “The intrigues of Casement with the Germans make excellent
material for building up a theory that Sinn Fein was part of a German
plot, and in a world torn by Bolshevism it is plausible to suggest that
Sinn Fein emissaries have been seeking to combine the forces of
disorder at home with the agencies of disorder in other countries.
But Mr Dawson will not easily convince those who know rural
Ireland that its peasantry—now bitterly Sinn Fein—are now or were
ever bolshevistic.” H. L. Stewart

− + Review 2:601 Je 5 ’20 1150w

R of Rs 61:556 My ’20 80w
+ Spec 124:388 Mr 20 ’20 1200w

“The reader will be impressed rather by the care with which the
author has followed Irish events than by his insight into the psychic
and temperamental change which has affected the Irish people
during the period which he reviews.”

+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p110 F 12

’20 340w

[2]
DAWSON, WILLIAM JAMES. Borrowdale
tragedy. *$2 (2½c) Lane

20–19918

The tragedy of the title, altho the central incident of the book, is by
no means its central theme. The tragedy is the death of old James
Borrowdale, and the subsequent trial of his young wife Flora and her
friend Cecil Twyfold for his murder, of which they are acquitted. The
major part of the book, however, is taken up with the love of Cecil
and Flora, its development while Flora was still bound and the
reaction of the tragedy upon them. The expansion of their characters
is along lines contrary to convention, as Cecil expresses it, they have
taken the “downward path to salvation,” downward, that is, from the
standards of material success that the world sets up. A plea for
individual freedom, as opposed to the usages of conventional society,
is really the keynote of the book.

“There is an undeniable simplicity in the writer’s style, a genial

mellowness that in a tale like this is really extraordinary. There is
hardly a writer today that could take the structure of this novel and
its strong plea for individualism as opposed to social conventions,
with its technically unhappy ending, and not make it despite
brilliancy, a hard and cynical book. On the contrary Dr Dawson has
written with deep humanness and charm. We have had the fortune to
read few novels of the present season with such genuine delight.” S.
L. C.

+ Boston Transcript p8 D 1 ’20 420w

DAY, CLARENCE SHEPARD, jr. This simian

world. il *$1.50 Knopf 817.

20–10010

Ours is a simian civilization. If we had not descended from the

monkey what would our world be like from the point of view of
extraterrestrial beings? If the ant and the bee, or the big cats, or the
elephant or any of the other beasts had achieved the hegemony?
Such whimsical questions with their conjectures were suggested by a
Sunday afternoon Broadway crowd to the author and his friend
Potter. The author’s illustrations are as amusing as his fancies.

“It was a good idea, and Mr Day has a real though immature gift of
lightness in treating a solid subject. But his theme is really too big for
his ninety pages, and although his thinking is honest and courageous
it tends to become unsubstantial.”

+ − Ath p145 Jl 30 ’19 150w

“Aside from the amusing quality there is a basis of shrewd

comment.”

+ Booklist 17:21 O ’20

+ Boston Transcript p4 O 6 ’20 270w

“No less complete and varied than his estimate of man is Mr Day’s
expression of it: a natural blend of wisdom with lightness, humour
with profundity, hope with art, economy with abundance, kindliness
with malice. The quality that makes possible such alliances is the one
most infrequently granted to mortals: Mr Day sees things as they are
beneath accumulated centuries of appearances; he cannot, he will
not be fooled.” Robert Littell

+ Dial 69:197 Ag ’20 1300w

“Mr Clarence Day’s whimsicality is quite virile; it is the expression

of a naturally ingenuous mind; ‘innocent’ in the Nietzschean sense
and not incapable of a certain gentle philosophic malice.”
 + Freeman 1:358 Je 23 ’20 280w

“The most amusing little essay of the year.”

+ Ind 103:318 S 11 ’20 360w

Nation 111:76 Jl 17 ’20 500w

“It ought to interest any lively spirit because of its grace and
reasonableness. And it ought to entrap and enlighten any slack soul
who may pick it up in search for amusement. Amusing it
unquestionably is, but a great deal more than amusing, to follow this
grim parallel between the ways of apes and men.” R. T.

+ New Repub 23:233 Jl 21 ’20 650w

“While his treatment of the subject is amusingly interesting, it is

none the less a serious one. The whole essay is, in fact, a bitter
arraignment of our present order of civilization.” Alvin Winston

+ N Y Call p10 Ag 1 ’20 640w

+ Review 3:306 O 13 ’20 1400w
+ Springf’d Republican p11a Ag 22 ’20
500w
Survey 44:450 Je 26 ’20 200w