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    صهيب_الخطيب[1][1][1][1][2]888

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    صهيب_الخطيب[1][1][1][1][2]888

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    صهيب_الخطيب[1][1][1][1][2]888

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    of 6

     The preparation and charactreization of

    hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride;[Co(NH3)6]Cl3

    Members of the lab group :-


     SOHAIB SALEH .
     AYHAM AL-SHOURA .
    Objective:-
     The objective of this experiment is the preparation and characterization of
    hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride ; [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 .

    Introduction:-
     The complex has six monodentate ammine Ligands in the first coordinetion sphere,the
    complex has chloride anions in second coordination sphere.It has a coordination
    number equal to six.The complex has an octahedral geometry.The complex has (Oh)
    point group.

    Figure 1 Figure 2

    Results and calculations: -


     The complex has an orange color , fig.1. The complex has a powder apperance. The
    mass of the product is (4.56)g.

    → → → → →
    →
    Stoke solution Uv-visible

    The net chemical equation is :-


     4 CoCl2.6H2O(aq) + 24NH3(aq)+2H2O2(aq)+4HCl(aq) →4[Co(NH3)6]Cl3(s)+28H2O(L)

    Determination of the Number of hydrated molecules in a


    complex .
    1. Mass of empty beaker+lable= 47.9509g
    2. Mass of beaker + label + hydrated complex (AB·nH2O) = 48.2734g
    3. Mass of beaker+label+anahydrous complex (AB)= 48.2246g
    4. Mass anhydrous complex (AB)= 0.2737g
    5. Mass of water lost= 0.0488g
    −3
    6. Mole of water= 2.71 ×10 mole
    7. Moles of anhydrous (AB)complex = 1.02×10−3 mole
    8. Ratio of anhydrous complex water = 1:2

    Calculations :-
     Mass of complex = 48.2246 – 47.9509= 0.2737 g.
     Mass of water = 48.2734 –48.2246 = 0.0488 g.
    mass 0.0488
     Mole of water = = =2.71 ×10-3 mole.
    molar mass 18
    mass 0.2737
     Mole of AB = = =1.02 ×10-3 mole.
    molar mass 267.31
     Ratio of anhydrous complex to water → AB : H2O
    −3 −3
    1.02× 10 2.71× 10
     −3
    : −3
    1.02× 10 1.02× 10

     1 : 2
     Chemical formula of complex : [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 . 2H2O .
     Molar mass of complex : 303.31 g/mol .
    The theoretical yield and percentage yield is: -
     The limiting reactant is (CoCl2.6H2O).
     Mole limiting reactant = 0.0359
     Mole product = 0.0359
     Molar mass of product = 285.31g/mol
     Mass product = theoretical yield = ( 0.0359 ) × ( 285.31 ) = 10.24g
    actual mass 4.56
     %yield = × 100 = = 44.53%
    theoritical mass 10.24
    Spectrophotometry measurement .
     Figure 3 : plot of Absorbance Vs. Wavelength is given below .

    1
    0.9
    0.8
    0.7
    Abs

    0.6
    0.5
    0.4
    0.3
    0.2
    0.1
    0
    wavelength (nm)
    360 410 460 510 560 610 660 710 760

     Figure 4 : plot of first derivative Vs. Wavelength is given below .

    0.1
    0.08
    0.06
    first deravitive

    0.04
    0.02
    0
    450
    -0.02 455 460 465 470 475 480 485 490
    -0.04
    -0.06
    -0.08
    -0.1
    wavelength (nm)

     The ʎmax is (468) nm .


     Figure 5 : plot of Absorbance Vs. Concentration .

    0.03
    0.025
    f(x) = 0.0436842105263158
    0.02 x − 0.00189473684210526
    R² = 0.996096009253904
    0.015
    abs.

    0.01
    0.005
    0
    0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
    conc (mM)

     Calculation of molar absorptivity .


    |¿|
    Slope = 0.0019 conc (mM ) ¿
    |¿| |¿|
    = 0.0019×103 M ¿ = 1.9 M ¿ . ε×b = slope = ε× 1cm = 1.9 M-1
    Ε = 1.9 M-1 cm-1 .
     The molar absorptivity = (1.9 M-1 cm-1 ) .

    Discussion :-
     The color change from violet to orange is a result of the change in type of donor
    atom .The reaction yield is good (44.53%) .The λmax of the complex is ( 468 nm )
    this value is in the blue sector of the color wheel figure 3 .The Complementary
    color of the blue sector is orange sector .The Complex should have orange
    color , which match with complex color figure 6 .

    Figure 6 : color wheel

     The molar absorptivity of the complex is (1.9), which is lower than 10 M-1
    cm-1.This means that the complex have center of chemistry .
    Conclusion :-
    I have prepared the complex successfully because , the 468 λmax is dose to the
    reported value .

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