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Class 12 Physics Chapter 7

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Class 12 Physics Chapter 7

Uploaded by

priyabrata.banerjee
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© © All Rights Reserved
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UNIT-7 DUAL NATURE OF MATTER

AND RADIATION

VERY SHO1RT ANSWER QUESTIONS (I Mark)

1. What is the r,est mass of photon?

2. A good minror reflects 80% of light inddent


i on it Which of the following is
correct.

(a) Energry of each reflected photon decrea.s,es by 20%..

{b) Tctal no. otreflected photons deer-eases by 20%. Jtstify youranswerr.

3. Wlhy in a photocell! the cathode is coated with allkali metals.?

4. Name the phenomenon which shows quantum nature of electromagnetic


radiation.

5. Write Einstein's photoelectric equations and specify each term.

6. Which of tine following radiations is more effective for electron emission


from the surface of sodium?

(i} Microwave

(ii) Infrared

(iii} Ultra�iolet

7. A metal emits photoelectrons when red light falls on it. Will this metal emit
photoelectrons when blue light falls on it?
8. Name any two phenomena which show the partilcle nature of radiation.
9. The photoelectric cut off volltage in .a certain photoelectric experiment is
1.SV. What is the max kinetic energy of photoelectrons ,emitted?
10. What is the dle�Broglie wavelength of a 3 kg object moving wfrth a speed
of 2m{s.?
11. What faotors determine the maximum vellocity of the photoelectrons from
a surf.ace?
12. What is the stopping potential applied to a photocell,. in which electrons
with a maximum kinetic energy of 5.6 eV ar,e emitted. Ans. : 5.6 V
13.. Worlk functions of caesiium and lead are 2 .. 14 eV and 4.25 eV respectively.
Wlhlich of the two has a higher threshold wavelength?

C
Ans. ; Work function. ¢ 0 = fri10 -. or '" 0
= h-.A(l

Hence· cae sium h as a hi gher t hreshold wavelength for photoelectric


emission.
14. What is the de-Broglie wavelength of a neutron at absolute temperature
T K?
Ans.:

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIOlNS (2 Mark)


1, Write one similarity and one difference between matter wave and an
electromagnetic wave.
2.. Does a photon have a de Broglie wavelength? Explain.
3. A photon and an electron have energy 200 eV each. Which one of these
has g reate,r de-Brog1lie wavelength?
4, The work function of tlhe following metal is given Na = 2.75 eV, K= 2 3
eV, Mo = 4. t4 eV, Ni = 5.15 eV whireh of these metal will not give a
photo-electric emission for radiation of wave leng�h 3300 A 0 from a laser
source placed at 1m away from the metal. What ha.pp,ens if the llaser is
brouglht nearer and placed 50 cm away.

5. Na.me the experiment for which the followings graph, showing the variation
of intensity of scattered electron with the angle of scattering, was obtained.
Also name the important hypothesis that was confirmed by this experiment.

Incident
ellectron
beam

V = 54 volt

6. In a phctoel,ectric effect expenlment the graph bEtween 1he stoppingpotentii:4


V and frequency of the incident radiation on two different metals P and Q
are shown in Fig.

(i) Which of the two metals has g realer value of work function?

(ii} Find maximum K.E. of electron emitted by light of frequency


v = 8 x 10 14 Hz for metal P.

7. Do all the photons have same dynamic mass? If not, w1hy?

8. Why photoelectrons. ejected from a metal surface have different kinetic


energ1ies although the frequency of incident photons are same?

9. Find the ratio of de-Broglie wavelengths associated with two electrons 'A'
and 'B,' which are accelerated through 8V and 64 volts respectively.
10. The photoele,ctnic current at di istances r1 and r2 of li,ght source from
I
photoelectric cell are 11 and 12 respectively.Find the vallue of
1
f·
. I. I
Ans..
2
c,c -

r
11. Hlow does tlhe maximum kiinetlic energy of emitted electrons vary wrnh the
increase in work function of metals?
A - ns. . d-·ecre
· a
- s
- es with 11··
ncrease 1·1··
n W-o•
-- -: -KE mol!:o:
. = -hv - w·-- o :::::;}· KE
-max ·-·

SHORT ANSWER OUESTI,ONS, (3 IMarks)

1. Explain the working of a photocell? Gfrve its two uses.

2. Find the de !Broglie wavelength associated with an electron .accelerated


through a potential diffe-renoe V.

3. What is Einstein's explanation of photo -electric effect? Explain the laws of


photo electric emission on the basis of quantum nature of light

4. If lkinetic energry of thermal neutron is � kT then show that de�Broglie


.2
wavel,ength ot waves associated with a thermal neutron of mass m at

temperature T k.elvin is .. . h where k is boltz mann constant.


./SmkT
5. Explain Davisson and Germer experiment to v erify the wave nature ot
ellectrons.

6. Explain the ,eUect of increase of {i) frequency (ii) intensity of the incident
radiation on plhoto electrons emitted by a metal.

7. X-rays of wave length "A, fall on a photo sensitive surface emitting electrons.
Assuming that the work function of the surface can be negl ec1ed, prove
that the de-Broglie wavelength of electrons emitted will be .

8. A. particle of mass M at rest decays into two particles of masses m 1 and


m 2 having velocities V1 and 'V2 respectively. Find the ratio of de�brogllie
Wavelengths of the two parrticles. Ans. : 1 : 1

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