DECEMBER 1ST-WORLD AIDS DAYN

WHO theme for 2020:- Global Solidarity, Resilient Services
Every year World AIDS Day is observed on 1 December, since 1988. It is an

international day for raising awareness about HIV/AIDS Pandemic caused by spread of
HIV infection. Government and health officials, non-governmental organizations, and
individuals around the world observe the day, often with popular talks, slogans and
banners with educations messages hoardings are placed at prominent places in the
city. All over the World red ribbon logo is used on this day which is the global symbol
for solidarity with HIV-positive people and those living with HIV/AIDS(PLHA).
 What is the difference between HIV & AIDS:
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) targets the immune system of

human body & destroys and impairs the function of immune cells leading to
infected individual immune-deficient. The Immune function is typically
measured by CD4 cell count which are a type of WBCs in blood. During initial
stages when human body gets infected by HIV The normal CD4 cell counts are
ranging between 500-1600/cubic ml of blood & when count reaches around
200 cell/cubic ml of blood severe Immune deficiency state develops leading to
development of multiple infections and cancers at unusual sites, this is the
stage which is called as AIDS, it takes about 05 years to 15 years to develop
AIDS , after HIV infection. During this long duration a person remains
Asymptomatic but infective for others..
 What are the Signs and symptoms of HIV infection?
The symptoms of HIV vary depending on the stage of infection.
In the first few weeks after initial infection people may experience no symptoms
or an influenza-like illness including fever, headache, rash or sore throat.
 As the infection progressively weakens the immune system, they can

develop other signs and symptoms, such as swollen lymph nodes, weight
loss, fever, diarrhoea and cough.
 Without treatment, they could also develop severe illnesses such as

tuberculosis (TB), cryptococcal meningitis, severe bacterial infections,
and cancers such as lymphomas and Kaposi's sarcoma.
For people living with HIV who are not diagnosed or taking ART, signs of HIV-
related illness may develop within 5–10 years,even it can be sooner. The time
between HIV transmission and an AIDS diagnosis is usually 10–15 years, but
sometimes longer.
 How is HIV transmitted
HIV is found in certain body fluids of people living with HIV, including blood,
semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids and breastmilk. HIV can be transmitted by:
 Unprotected sex with already infected partner.
 Transfusion of contaminated blood;
 Sharing of needles, syringes (as in cases of Intravenous drug abusers)

other injecting equipment, surgical equipment or other sharp
instruments, during a surgery.
 Direct vertical transmission from an infected mother living with HIV to

her infant during pregnancy or childbirth.
If a person living with HIV is on ART, which effectively suppresses HIV in the
body, their chance of transmitting HIV to another person is greatly reduced.
 How is the HIV infection treated
While there is no cure for HIV infection, it can be treated using Highly active
Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), which work by stopping the replication of
the virus.
HAART can reduce the level of virus to such low levels in the body that the
immune system will function normally, and a person living with HIV can
enjoy good health, provided they adhere to treatment and the treatment
remains effective.
People living with HIV are also much less likely to transmit the virus to
others when treatment is working and strict compliance of doctor’s advises
are specially followed.
 Most common Infections with HIV
 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among people living

with HIV worldwide. Routine TB-symptom screening and early
initiation of ART can greatly improve the health outcomes of people
living with HIV. Other common HIV coinfections include Hepatitis B
and C in some populations & Pneumocystis Carnii infection in
Lungs.
 HIV infection can result in a range of health problems. As people

living with HIV age and live longer, non-AIDS defining illnesses are
becoming more common. These include heart disease, cancer and
diabetes
 How can people get tested for HIV:-During initial testing for
02-03 the most common antibody tests remain negative & it is
called as Window period” during which a patient remain
infective for other. Rapid diagnostic tests that provide results
within minutes. However, such results should only be considered
as a final diagnosis following review and confirmation
 Prevention
Globally, HIV is mainly transmitted through unprotected sex (about 88%). Several
methods can be used to prevent this from happening. It is recommended that a
combination of effective prevention interventions be used, including:
 Using male and/or female condoms consistently and correctly;
 For HIV-negative people, on suspected contact taking pre-exposure prophylaxis
(PEP) to prevent HIV transmission;
 Early intervention of ART can prolong the life expectancy and individual leads a
normal healthy life for many years & they can’t transmit HIV infection to others.
 HIV can be transmitted from a mother to her child during pregnancy, labour,
delivery or breastfeeding. But such vertical transmission can be prevented with
effective interventions, including the use of ART by the mother and a short
course of antiretroviral drugs for the baby.
 Work place Policy on HIV/AIDS

ONGC has considered HIV/AIDS is not only a health problem but a work place issue,
and has issued its work place policy of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control on 4 th January
2011 in line with National Work Place Policy on HIV/AIDS. Based on the policy all the
measures related to awareness and enhancement of health of all beneficiaries is given
the utmost importance.
There is no discrimination and gender inequality among the employees and their family
members on the basis of their real or perceived HIV status. Screening for HIV will not
carried out except in situations as per guidelines issued by NACO. All the ONGC
employees would be allow to reserve the right of confidentiality and their HIV/AIDS
status will neither be disclose under any circumstances to the management or to the co-
workers.
ONGC will reserve the right of their employees to continue their job status and
HIV/AIDS will never be a cause for termination of their jobs. ONGC is giving full support
and care to all the employees and their dependants suffering from HIV/AIDS or similar
illnesses. The best possible treatment is given in almost all Corporate and Govt.
Hospitals across the work centres. Special approvals are given where a high cost
treatment if required.
World AIDS Day is observed throughout the work centers of ONGC to mark this day for
increasing awareness about prevention and care & a week long Sensitization Programs
are organized, even earlier before COVID-19, Quiz and poster competitions were
organized. On line popular talks by eminent speakers is choice of method for
awareness pregame.
 HIV/AIDS during COVID-19 Pandemic
Today the world is facing the major challenge in HIV prevention, testing, treatment and
care services due to COVID-19. Any slowing down in provision of these services will
leave many vulnerable populations at greater risk of HIV infection and AIDS-related
deaths. Nevertheless, all over the world, health workers and all other representatives
are doing their best to keep services continue by adopting innovative ways to overcome
delay in services, caused by COVID-19 & it is a part of “global solidarity” to maintain
essential HIV services during COVID 19 and beyond. The year-2020 is the
International year of the Nurse and Midwife & so it is a call for more protection and
support to these health workers who have long been on the frontline of HIV service
delivery during COVID-19 Pandemic.
Corporate Medical Services

DECEMBER 1ST-WORLD AIDS DAYN

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DECEMBER 1ST-WORLD AIDS DAYN

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WHO theme for 2020:- Global Solidarity, Resilient Services

Every year World AIDS Day is observed on 1 December, since 1988. It is an

 What is the difference between HIV & AIDS:

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) targets the immune system of

The symptoms of HIV vary depending on the stage of infection.

 As the infection progressively weakens the immune system, they can

 Without treatment, they could also develop severe illnesses such as

 Unprotected sex with already infected partner.

 Transfusion of contaminated blood;

 Sharing of needles, syringes (as in cases of Intravenous drug abusers)

 Direct vertical transmission from an infected mother living with HIV to

 How is the HIV infection treated

 Most common Infections with HIV

 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among people living

 HIV infection can result in a range of health problems. As people

 Work place Policy on HIV/AIDS

 HIV/AIDS during COVID-19 Pandemic

Corporate Medical Services

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