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Lesson3a Network Protocols Notes

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5 views9 pages

Lesson3a Network Protocols Notes

Uploaded by

Mohamed Tarek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6/12/2022

Internet and Communication

Network protocols

Internet and Communication

Objectives
• Discuss other protocols HTTP, HTTPS, TCP/IP
• Describe the layers of the TCP protocol
• Justify benefits of a layered model
• Discuss Cellular Mobile technology

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Internet and Communication

Example of protocols
• Network protocols include:
– Ethernet
Used in wired LANS and covers physical parts
such as cable or optical fibre and connectors to
the logical parts such as data checked for errors
and speed data is sent
– WiFi
• A protocol which sets out how data is transmitted
across wireless LANS.

Internet and Communication

Example of protocols

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6/12/2022

Internet and Communication

TCP Protocol

Internet and Communication

TCP Protocol
• TCP breaks data into packets
• Each packet contains data and a packet header
with the following information in the header
– The sending computer address
– The recipient computer address
– How many packets the data is split into
– The number of this packet
• Once the receiving computer receives all the packets
it reconstructs the data
• A network that moves data in packets is known as a
packet switched network

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Internet and Communication

TCP
• How data passes down the TCP suite

Internet and Communication

HTTP and HTTPS


• HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol)
– Used when sending data between web browsers
and web servers
– HTTP covers how data should be formatted,
commands the web browser and web server
should understand
• HTTPS (hypertext transfer protocol secure)
– Secure version of HTTP and data is encrypted
– Helps user and web server know they are
communicating with a legitimate site

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Internet and Communication

FTP(File Transfer Protocol)


• FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
– Used to transfer files over a network that uses TCP
– FTP is often used when sending web pages and
other files that have been created on a web
developers computer to the web server.
– Once files are on the web server other computers
connected to the internet can see them

Internet and Communication

IP(Internet Protocol)
• At the internet layer the IP protocol deals with
– Addressing system to identify computers/servers
on the network or internet
– Splitting the data into packets and adding the
header information such as sender / receiver
addresses.
– Each device on a network has a unique IP address
to allow data to be routed to it.
• All these protocols are in the TCP/IP suite

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Internet and Communication

TCP Model layers

Internet and Communication

TCP Model layers (cont)

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Internet and Communication

Protocols of the application layer

Internet and Communication

Benefits of using networking layers


• Networking technologies are separated into
layers each one containing specific software
protocols and hardware protocols.
• Each layer performs specific tasks

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Internet and Communication

Benefits of using networking layers


• Benefits include:
– It makes the overall model easier to understand
by dividing into functional parts
– Each layer is specialized to perform a particular
task
– Different layers can be combined
– One layer can be changed with no affect to others
– Easier to identify network errors and problems
– Provides a universal standard for HW and SW
manufacturers so they can communicate

Internet and Communication

Mobile Communications
• A mobile or cellular network is a wireless
network using cells where a fixed location
transceiver is used known as a base station.
• Cells provide network coverage each cell
provide 9-21 miles of coverage.
• When a user moves out of range a handover is
used to transfer coverage to another base
station

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Internet and Communication

European Telecommunication standards

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