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Short Notes on Data Structures and Algorithms

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Short Notes on Data Structures and Algorithms

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fosefan745
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Short Notes on Data Structures and Algorithms Using C

Unit I: Linear Data Structures - Static

- Introduction to Algorithms: Characteristics (Precise, Finite, Input, Output, Effective), Types (Sorting, Search, Graph,

Dynamic Programming), Applications (Software Development, Data Analysis, AI), Analysis (Time and Space

Complexity).

- Arrays: Single Dimension, Two-Dimension, Multi-Dimension, Memory Representation, Address Calculation.

- Searching and Sorting:

* Linear Search: O(N) complexity, simple but inefficient for large datasets.

* Binary Search: O(log N) complexity, efficient but requires sorted array.

* Sorting Algorithms: Selection Sort, Bubble Sort, Insertion Sort, Merge Sort, each with distinct time complexities.

- Hashing: Hash Table, Hash Functions, Collision Resolution Techniques.

Unit II: Dynamic Memory Allocation

- Linked Lists:

* Types: Singly Linked List, Doubly Linked List, Circular Linked List.

* Operations: Creation, Insertion, Deletion, Searching, Sorting, Reversing, Merging.

Unit III: Abstract Data Types

- Stacks:

* Implementation: Static and Dynamic.

* Operations: Push, Pop, Peek.

* Applications: Expression Evaluation, Conversion between Notations.


- Queues:

* Implementation: Static and Dynamic.

* Types: Linear Queue, Circular Queue, Doubly Ended Queue, Priority Queue.

Unit IV: Non-Linear Data Structures

- Graphs:

* Notations & Terminologies: Nodes, Edges, Paths.

* Representation: Adjacency Matrix, Incidence Matrix, Linked Representation.

- Trees:

* Types: Binary Trees, AVL Trees, Heap Trees, B Trees.

* Traversals: In-order, Pre-order, Post-order.

* Binary Search Tree: Basic Operations, Advantages.

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