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DATA STRUCTURES
AND ALGORITHMS
DR. FATMA ELGENDY
STACKS
• Stack is a linear data structure.
• It follows LIFO(Last In First Out) pattern for Input/output. • The element inserted last will be removed first. • The process to add an element into stack is called Push. • The process to remove an element from stack is called Pop. STACK<T> -BASIC OPERATIONS
• Push(T): add a new element on the top of the stack.
• Pop(): returns the highest element and removes it from the stack. • Peek(): returns the highest element without removing it. • Count: returns the count of elements in the stack. • Clear(): retrieves all elements from the stack. • Contains(T): check whether the stack contains the element. • ToArray(): returns an array, containing all elements of the stack. STACK IMPLEMENTATION
• In C# the standard implementation of the stack in .NET Framework is
System.Collections.Generics.Stack<T>. • Example: • Create a stack from an array • The Pop() method returns the last element and removes it from a stack. • The Peek() method returns the lastly added value from the stack but does not remove it. • The Contains() method checks whether the specified element exists in a Stack collection or not. It returns true if it exists, otherwise false. STACK IMPLEMENTATION USING LIST