TO UNIT-I Introduction to finite element method, Stress and equilibrium, Strain - Displacement relations, Stress - strain relations, Plane stress and plane strain conditions, Variational and weighted residual methods, Concept of potential energy, One dimensional problems. ONIT-II : Discretization of domain, Element shapes, Discretization procedures, Assembly of stiffness matrix, Band width, Node numbering. Mesh generation, Interpolation functions, Local and global coordinates, Convergence requirements, Treatment of boundary conditions: . UNIT Analysis of Trusses : Finite element modeling, Coordinates and shape functions, Assembly of global stifness matrix and load vector, Finite element equations, Treatment of boundary conditions, Stress, Strain and support reaction calculations. Analysis of Beams : Element stiffness matrix for Hermite beam element, Derivation of load vector for concentrated and UDL, Simple problems on beams. UNIT-IV Fr Finite element modeling of two dimensional stress analysis with constant strain triangles and treatment of boundary conditions, Formulation of axisymmetric problems. UNIT-V Higher order and isoparametric elements : One dimensional quadratic and cubic elements ‘Two dimensional four noded isoparametric elements and numerical integration. UNIT-VI natural coordinates, \ Steady state heat transfer analysis: One dimensional analysis of afin and two dimensional analysis of thin shaft subjected to torsion. Dynamic Analysis : Formulation of finite element plate, Analysis, of @ uniform ranek Element consistent and lumped mass matrices, Evaluation of eigen valves and eigen vectors, Free vibration analysis.E LIST OF IMPORTANT FORMULA Site mate Orta A 2 Toad vector for bar, fx LA! i * I-p po 0 : 3. Elasticity ‘Matrix for plane st = 7 ino me Daa 1-2 ae (je ce) hp oo 4. Elasticity matrix for plane stress, D= =| ae 0 Lo oe) 5. ‘Total potential chergy, r= U~ We § Temperature load vector, donate ar| al 7 Finite element equation, (k] (0) = =F 8 Stain energy of a bar, U= deal Stress in element, 6 = ERg 10. Strain in element, e= 4 = 4 12, 6L -12 6 ALL 42 6 ae ' “ 1. Stiffness matrix for beam, X Bem ee ee ? 6 22 61 4p Cs e's ee 7 8 -¢s - 3 : 2, Stiffness matrix for truss, K = A) CS -C cs 8 cs Seat a “2-8 @ @ : Where, C= cos @ and $= sin 0. 2010 — PAL}O 201 3. Consistent mass matrix fora truss, m, = toch o102 n % E 4. Suess intruss, o~ [ [-C -S CS]}!" 4 SPECTROM ALL-IN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS: GRoup giL.2 } 1 Strain energy in truss, Equivalent load on beam element, [F] = Deflection at any point in beam element, y= [.N, NN, NJ la] : FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA] | Resultant stress in truss element, o,= 0 - EaAT . : Direction cosines, |= 1—% Woy T= 2% and m= 2% WE WL WE? | Ta 4B me ene amare Load vector for cantilever beam with U.d.l and point load, P= : Ys 0 yy 0 m2 10 : Strain displacement matrix, B= gz] 0 2 9 x3 0 An : 22 Yas Ms Yay Mn Nie Sum of shape funetions in CST, W,+.N, +, 1x ie my lay ‘Area of CST element, A ‘Stress in the element, 6 = DBg Stifness matrix for linear triangular element, [&] M0 MO MO 0 M0 MOM Stiffness matrix for axisymmetric element, K= 2n74[B)" D[B] ! t (B}* (0) [B] Shape function matrix, N+ Surface traction, T= 2n L[aP, aF,, FF," : Isoparametrc representation, x= N, x, +N, x YENI AM AAN : Ay is]! - Jacobian matrix for 2-D axisymmetric problems. J= |.) Jf frre lesan Stiffness matrix for four noded quadrilateral element, K* = Stiffness matrix in isoparametric formulations, , Ke fab" D'B ds dy ; hope functions fr tvee-noded wiangular element in cartesian coordinate system, Ny, = (at Bat) N, j= (ant Bx +1) 1 (a, pox 1)) ‘SIA GROUP Loci Look for the on'the TITLE COVER before you10, 12. 13, 14, SR RR a a aS Stiffness matrix in 1D to, 4)= A) oo +0 i Aer 2] Convection load vector, R= fell Rarer) Strain displacement matrix in thi al Xinha pie, 13]~ 3] oa Stiffness equation in thin Plate, K= 14 (8)" [3] Shape functions in thin plate, : 1 M34 @,+bx+cy) 1 N= 24 G+ dx +p) 1 Ma 34 @.+ ba te,y) +e?) Gb) +e) (bby Fee) Stiffness matrix in torsion analysis, K,= 4 Ob tee)) OFA) Gb +e) Cube + cig) yby +eycq) (2 +o") T Load vector in torsion analysis, F= 24.]1 1 pt 2GaA Twisting moment, M= ~~ (4,+4,+4). Consistent mass matrix for 1-D bar, mz 4 ; i. | 2010 “ 0201 Consistent mass matrix fr 1 truss, m= G4)? © 9b o102 Characteristic polynomial form, [K— A.M] [U]=0 Natural frequency, f= 2-4 ‘Normalization form, U'MU= 1 ott a wt tacode No: R1641033/Ri6 ae Sot IV B.Tech | Semester Regular Examinations a Geren October/November - 2019. ~ FINITE ELEMENT METHODS - (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 Hours: Max. Marks: 70 Note: 1. Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B 2. Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A. 3. Answer any FOUR questions from Part!B + -! PART-A (14 Marks) 1. (@)_ Whatis the principle of minimum potential energy? Write the expression for potential energy. [3] (Unit) (b) Write a short note on Banded matrix. (2] (Unit) (©) Distinguish between bar and poe (2) Unita - (@ _ Sketch two examples where they can be considered as axisymmetric problems. [2] (Unit4V) (©) Derive the shape functions of ID quadratic element. [3] (Unit) (How do you understand the Eigen values in vibration problem? [2] (Unit V1) : PART-B (4 14=56 Marks) 2. (a) Discuss in detail thé general steps involved in Finite Eleinent Method considering a simple one dimensional structure. 18] (Unit,Topie No:1.1) (b) Ifa displacement field is described by [6] (Unit, Topic No:1.2) (ox? + 2yt + Gxyz+ 22? + Ayz) 10+ ve Gx + 6y—y' + 6y2+32) 10+ w= (x? + 2y? +27 ~ 22 + 2xyz) 104 ‘Determine the strain field at the point x = 1 and y= 0. 3. (a) _ Define area coordinates and state its applications. [4] (Unit:l,Topie No:2.2) (©) Discuss about local and global coordinate system. [5] (Unit4.Tople Mo:2.2) (© Explain the concept of mesh generation. [5] (Unit, Tople Mo:2.1) 4. .(@ Derive the shape functions of beam element. 7] (UnitAL,Tople Wo:3.2) () Derive the stiffness matrix of two node beam clement. [7] (UltWTopie No:3.2) 5. Determine the deflection and stresses at the point of load application on a plate, by considering two triangular elements shown in figure. Assume thickness t= 4 mim, Poisson's ratio= 0.25 and Young's Modulus E = 210 GPa, Consider plane SPECTROM #iLAN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS, : SIA GROUPFINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA} =120N +600 mms} ake : ; Figure - S- © From the fst principles, dre the shape funetiéné for 2-D quadrilateral element, [7] (Unit, Topic No:6.1) ; © How to solve the integration ovr eclanglr eons i 2-Dimensional problems using Gaussain Quadrature numetical integration. [7] (Wnit-V,Topie ‘No:5.1) 1 Consider axial vibration of the steel bar shown in Figure, @® Devetope the global stiffness and mass ‘matrices and, () | Determine the natural frequencies and mode Shapes using the characteristic polynomial technique. : [14] Unit-Vi,Topic No:6,2) g A= 1200mm 4 900 sim? 4 /—>« 4300 mm—}— 400 mm—| Figure Look for the SIA GROUP LoGo { on the/TITLECOVER betorayou hyo =_ SOLUTIONS TO OCT/NOV.-2019, SET-1, QP PART-A Q1. (a) Whatis the principle of minimum potential ene ee Write the expression for potential Answer = OctINov-18, Set, a) MEL Principle of Minimum potential Energy For answer refer Unit-l, QU3. Expression Potential energy, n= U-H Where, U~Strain energy H—Work poter (b) Write a short note on Banded m: Answer : ctuNox-19, Set, O48) M2 ‘Amatrix in which ll of the non-zero elements are located within a band and all the zeros are contained outside is called a banded matrix. A banded matrix is said to be symmetric banded matrix ifelements in it are symmetric with respect to principal diagonal. Example of symmetric banded matrix is given below. . : Half bond with [4)= (e) Distinguish between bar and a truss elements. Answer : ct Nov-8, Set, QY(e) M2} For answer refer Unit-I, Q22, Only first three points. {d) Sketch two examples where they can be considered as axisymmetric problems. Answer : OctINoKt9, Sat, aN) MD For answer refer Unit-IV, Q52, Figure (2) {e) Derive the shape functions of 1D quadratic element. CoctNov.t9, Set, 010) MI) For answer refer Unit-lI, Q24, Topic: Shape Functions. (f) How do you understand the Eigen values in vibration problem? ocuiNov-19 Answer t 74,04 Answer ee For answer refer Unit-VIs Q19- rINe rf : Qctober/November-2019 (Set-1) Guestion Paper with Solutions | PART-B Discuss in detail the general steps Involved in Finite Element Mi thod considering a simple one dimensional structure. Oct Nov.-19, Set-1, Q2(a) MEL a2. (a) Answer # For answer refer Unit-I, Q19: (b) Ifadisplacement field is described by = (08 + 2y? + Gxye + 22? + Ayz) 104 v= (3x + 6y —y? + Byz + 3z) 10+ we (x? +2y?-4 2 — 2z + 2xyz) 104 Determine the strain field at the point x = tandy=0. : Answer (OctiMow-19, Set, C24b) MBL Given that, “The displacement field is described by, um (2 +297 + Gaye + 2e* + dya)10* 6 y= Ge4 Gy y+ 62+ 32/104 w= (+ y+ 2-22 + Dayz) 104 Strain displacement relations, ou _ 2, Ou ar Wo ax tay Et a _ 3 Sy ny aw au 7 Gee toe ‘Normal stain component in x-direction, oaaet a = Bl -29' +692 +22 +4y2)10°] =C 2x04 62+0+0) 104 = C2462) «10 Atx=Ly=0, -2(1) + 6(0}2) x 104 fe em-2 104 ‘Normal strain component in y-direction, av Sy a = Gylloet6y 7 + 62+ 32) 1074] =(0+6-2y +6 +0) 10+ eee aaa FoR ENENEERING SUDENS sa GROUP is SPECTROM ALLAN-ONE JOURNAL FOR E = :FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA} SRS FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [INTU-KAKINADAL TG- 2062) 104 eet yng) 5 = (6 +62) x 164 Strain component indirection, ew a _ Bull? 429+ 2-254 292) x10-4] = 0404222429) x 19-4 =@2-242m) x 10-4 =@z—2+2(1) (0)) x 10-4 (22=2) x 10-4 (Ce x= 1y=0) » ,Shear strairi component in xy-direction, By, au ar * ay Lee : a i = Fle + 6p 9? + Gye 432) «10° + Flt +297 + 692 + 222+ 4y2) 10-4] - [3+0-0+0+0)]+[(0+ 49+ 6x +0 +42) x104] = 3% 104+ [(4y + 6x2 + 42) « 104] = 3X 104+ (400) + 6(1}2+ 42) x 104]. Or x= y= 0) 310+ 102 «10+ oy = G+ 102) x 10+ Shear strain component in yz-direction, aw | av ya a HOt ay 6 t= 2e e202)a104] + FA(o0 +6)—y2 462432) «1044 = (0+ 4y 40-042) x 1054+ [040-0+643)« 104] 5 = [4y + 2x2 + 6y +3] 104 = [4(0) + 2(1)z + 6(0) +3] x 104 =I, y=0) Ye = (3 +22) x 104 Shear strain component in zx - direction, oz is, ax { = Z(t 4 292 + 692 22+ e)a104] + BUC 429? 42 ~26+ 292) «104] = (0+ 0 +6xy + 42 + 4) x 10-] + [2x +0+0-04 29) 104] [bny + da + dy + 2c + Day) x 10 Look for the SIA GROUP Locoociober/Novemiber-2019 (Set-1) Question Paper witti Solutions (DO) + 45+ 40) +20) +2010 + y= IR +43] x 104 : _ Strain field at x=1,y=0, ene Yo G+ 102) x 104 6,76 + 62) «10+ yg +22) x 104 we : g=@e-2x104 y= F42) x 104 aa aaa @. (a) Define area coordinates and state its applications. Answer = Aen coordinates For the triangular element, a natural coordinate system is given by defining three coordinates G,,6,and,, These coordi ze length ratios ie. ratio of perpendicular distance from one side (s) tothe altitude of same side (h). Values of the coordinates ‘anges from zero to one. Constant lines of coordinate lied parallel to the side from which 6, is méasured as shown in fighre (1)- 7 seme Coprdinates, 6, = 3,6,= 42, and 6, = 8 3 ‘The coordinates whose values are equal to the ratio of a subtriangular region to the area of the entire triangle is called area eordinates. As the coordinates C, , and G, satisfies this condition, they are referred as area coordinates. Fi i 1 bs : ‘Area of substriangular region, 4, = 75 ’ ti erat y Entire area of triangle, A= 7" , ‘Then, ratio, i z . A 2 tag At : ‘ hh ~ Applications They are used to obtain triangular coordinge system. : SBiSTRny AES TA-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS ————=———-———- SA. GROUP oe ~ £ £= FINITE ELEMENT METHODS (UNTU-KAKINAD,) (©) Discuss about localand ‘Global coordinate system. : 19, Sets, Pees CetMont9, a4, 30) ag Local Coordinate System For answer refer Unit-ll, Q34, Topic: Local Coordinates Global Coordinate System For answer refer Unit-l, Q34, Topic: Global Coordinates For answer refer Unit-ll, Q7. ; ae oramecia sti For answer refer Unit-II1, Q47, (b) "Derive the stiftn ‘Matrix of two node beam element. Answer : For answer refer Unit-IIl, Q52, Q5. Determine the defection and stresses at the point of load application on a plate, by considering two Riangular elements shown in figure. Assume thickness t= 4mm, Polsson’s ratio = 0.25 and Young's Modulus E = 210 GPa. Consider pla stress analysis. F=120N Anewer OctNov.9, Sot, 5 mat4) Given that, . ‘Young’s modulus, £ = 210 GPa = 210 * 10 Nim? Plate thickness, = 4 mm, Divide the given plate into two triangular elements, : Fe 120N (600,300) Let the nodes ofthe triangular element be 1, 2,3 and 4 numbered in anticlockwise direction, ‘The connectivity of elements with respect to nodes are as follows Element number notes ® ry2]3 : @ 4afaila Look for the SIA GROUP Loco {i on t TLE COVER befor untogtober/November 2019 (Set-1) Question Paper with Solutions “The coordinates of nodes are, node 1 : (0, 0) F oe node 2 : (600, 0) : node 3 : (600, 300) ‘ node 4 : (0, 300) Let, qq, be the deflection at node 1 = 5: 4a be the deflection at node 2 : Gy Gq be the deflection at node 3 4» 4 be the deflection at node 4 oundary Conditions ‘Nodes 1 and 4 are constrained. * ; qe a Load applied in y-direction = 120 N. Assuming plane stress conditions, then material matrix is given by, la o neat 1 a yates z 2 1 025 0 ‘ = 224x10°10.25 1 0 0 0 0375 224 56 0 D=10x| 56 224.0 f 0 0 84 Strain-displacement matrix for element (1), Ya 0 yn 0 2 0 Om 0 my 0 mm 22 Yas Ki J A Ya det J= 2,9)“ 2a¥o (0 — 600)(0 ~ 300)) (600 - 600)(0 + 300)], = 180000 detJ= 180 « 10° mm? 300 0 300..0 0 0 0 0 0 = 600 0 600 300 -600 300 600 0 iD 1 180x10° Now, 204 56 07-30 0 300.0 0 0 ng 1” | 56 224 of 0 0 0 -600 0 600 é 1 7 10x10" | gga] 0-300 600, 300 600 0 ‘ ‘SPECTROM i ECTROM ALEAF-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS00)+040 1 = Fag] $5-300)+040 0+0+0 94040 — 224(3 > FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINAD,, 100) +0+0 . 0+56(-600)+0 04040 0+56(600),5 56(300)+0+0 0+224(-600)+0 04040 0+224(600), 9 +040 0+0+84(-300) 040+84(-600) 0+0+84(300) 0+0+84(600) 04049 67200 0 67200-33600 0 33600 1 PBL = T45)-16800 0 16800 134400 9134400) ~@ ; 0 -25200 -s0400 25200 so4o0 0 : : Area of element(1), det | = £080%10%) = 90 «10° mm 0 — -25200 -so400 25200 Now, -300 0 9 0 0 ~300 : 67200 a 1 [300 0 ~600 DB, || -16800 v "180510?! 9 600 300 fis0] 0 0 600 © 600 0 B IDB; (-soox-sram+0+0 20160000 0 o 7560000 1 |=20160000 15120000 ~180?x10°} 10080000 - 7560000 0 -15120000 10080000 oo 0.622 0. -0.622 0311 0 = 0.233 0.467 0.233 0.622 0.467 1.556 -0.778 0311-0233 -0.778 2.722 0 © -0.467 -0.933 , 0.467 -0311 0 0311 -2.489 Look for the SIA GROUP Loco 20160000 15120000 50400000 —25200000 2520000 88200000 (scoxsr0)+069 doen) (+0 eas) eos anasto eStats 0 67200-33600 0 33600 0 ‘16800 -134400 0134400, 504000 24600) OWIAEIM) “Os esses) Os Coto ea ow conse) aay tse) dsove 10080000 ° 10080000" 0 30240000 10080000 15120000 —so640000 7560000 -15120000 30240000 15120000 30240000 og 10080000 80640000 og 80640000 0. -031r 0467 0 0933 0311 0467 -2.489 09330 ; 0 2489 : on the TITLE COVER before you Hy’K, (ABB, 1 oe 062 9 -062 03 0 -0311 0 0233 0467 -0.283-'-0467 0 =4x90% 10) 0% 9467 1.556 0788 -0.933 0.311 0311 -0.233 -0.778 2.722 (0.467 -2.489 0 0.467 -0.933 0.467 0.933 oO -0311 0 © 031-2489 0 2.489 aun od 2 3 4 5 6. 062, 0 -062 0311 0 -0311 0 0233 0.467 -0.233' -0.467 » 0 K, =360% 10']-0.82 0467 1.556 -0.78 -0933 0311 0311-0233 -0.78 2.722 0.467 -2.489 0 0.467 -0933 0.467 0933 0 -0311 0 0311 2.489 0 2.489 ’ aueene Strain-displacement matrix for element (2), “The coordinates of element (2) at nodes 1, 3 and 4 are (0, 0) (600, 300) (0,300). yay 9 Fn Ha 0 1 3, = Gg] OO Oe Xp Yas M3 Ys Ft M2 det =n —FnV03 =(0-0)(300— 300) - (600 — 00 - 300) =0-(-180000) detJ = 180 « 10° mm? 1 A, = sed) 3 80%10? _ 99 x 10° mm? 2 . oD 8 ec ...9 | , 1] 9-600 0 ‘0,0 600 ene . = Tao | i 10x10] ogg 0-0. 200, 600 5300 Now, mn 96 20,07 Ou. 008 -300 0 10° of o -600 0 9 ° 600 DB. 56. 2248.10 F040 0456(-600)+0 224(300)+0+0 +040 , .224(-300)+0+0 0+56(600)+0 “ Fao] OFO+9 224(-600)+0 s6@80)40+0 F040, S6(-300)+0+40 0+224(600)+0 0+0+84(-600) 04040 O+0+0 — 0+0+84(300) , 0+0+84(600) 0+ 0+ 84(-300) © 33600 67200 0 ~67200 33600 1 PB,~ a5] 9 © ~134400 16800 0 16800 134400 “® “[-so4o0 oo 0 25200 so4o0 ~25200, Now, 0 0 ~600 sisi 0-600 0 0 33600 67200 0 © -67200 33600 11/30 0 oo 0... -134400 16800 0 -16800 134400 BEDB,_ e010" T80] 0 0 300] [S040 0252000400 25200], 300 0 . 600 © 600 -300),., erercam—comy shore, ovoso asescamaian evontaansoun 0+ 0410x360) Sac - SgCHOKIHOM ovcecoKim+e """oearo — oremociumes | ds tasfouam, 1 ae0+0 |” soc swooisora “enarore, | Ssee Sa0se720) 3000, Son.e0) roo = inF aio] 040+ oo souny “Gong ovos0 ” osovsmasan —_prowstsouns Gor 200) oe Saat, 6 NOOO SUE +9+0 OedeamsaM sme) sor ems) 00 ee sa) <6 [Pescomsmat ententruiee o+EONEKON 8 on dei ORS Gt eH Sey ae ee | E 30240000 ° ©. =15120000 30240000 ° 15120000 o 80640000 10080000 oo 10080000 -80640000 1 © =10080000 20160000 ~~ 20160000 10080000 180710? | -15120000 0 0 7560000 15120000 ~7560000 30240000 10080000 -20160000 15120000 50400000 —25200000 15120000 80640000 10080000 7560000 25200000 88200000 ; . i 09330 0 -0467 -0.933. 0.467 0 2489 -0311 0 ost 2.489 i 0 -0311 0.622 0° -0622 9311 I * - FEDB: 2/9467 9 0 0233 0467 -0.233 -0933 0311-0622 0.467 1356 -0.778 a 0467-2489 0311 0233 -0.778.. 2.722 z Stiffness matrix for element (2), i senicl K,=1A{B,IDB, “Look tor the SIA GROUP LOGO TITLE COVER ‘before you buyin. eR‘octoberiNovember-2018 (Set-1) Gudstion Paper with Solutions 8.11 0933, 0, 0 -0.467;,-0933 0.467 0 2.489. 0311.) 0 0311 52.489) 0 (0311 0622, 0. 06220311), 4 =4*90%10)-0.467 0 0. 0.233 0.467, -0.233 =0933, 0311 70,622,467, 1,556 0.778 Mg : 0.467 -2.489 0311 .-0.233.-0.778. 2.722 J, ol L wd dae 17 ot i foes 0 0 0467 0.933 0467] 1 0 2489-0311 0 «= Ost 2.489) 2 ‘ 0 os om 0 06 os | 5 ' K, = 360 10")-0.467 0 0 0233, 0.467 -0.233 | 6 i i ‘ 0933 0311 0.622 0467 = 1.596 0.78) To vais ve 0467-2489 0311-0233 -0.78 2.72 | 8 Globalize the stiffness matrix of elements (1) and (2), we get, 1 2 Sintd | ales eee 0.622 +0933 040 = -0622 0.311 0+0 © 0311-0467 -0.933 0.467] 1 0+0 0.2334+2.489 0.467 -0.233 -0467-0.311 ° ' 040 311-2489 | 2 0.62 0.467 1556-0718 — -0.933 on” oo 3 a360x10| 031 0233 | -0.78 272 = O.46T =2.489 oo l4 0+0 . 0467-0311 -0.933 0467 0.933 +0.622 o+0 062 031 | 5 -osti-o4e7 0400S 2489 = OO 2.48940.253 -0.467 0.253 | 6° -0:933 0311 ° ° -062 0.467 1586-078] 7 0.467 = 2.489 0 0 oan 0233 °° 078 272 | 8 : 1sss * 0 © -0.622 0311 ° 0 -0.778 -0.933 0.467 : 0.2722 0467-0233, -0.778 9 0.311 -2.489 . 622 0467 1.556 -0.778 -0933 0311 0 0 : 311-0233 -0.778 2772 0467 -2489 0 0 ; K=360 x 10 0778 -0933 0467 1555 0 0.622 0.311 -o7m@ 00311-2489 02.722 0467-0233 Paps 0 0 +0622 0.467 1.556 -0.778 : 0467-2489 0 0 311 -0.233 -0.778 2.722 + By minimum potential energy equation, roe Nin GROUP DPRCTROM @LLA-ONE JOGRNAL POR ENGINEERING STODENTS ; Boe wn 3015550-0622" 0311" 9 0.778 —0.933""0.467 a) ie oO 2.722° 0.467 ' ~9.233 0.778 0 0.311 -2.489 a : 0622 0467 1556-078 -0933 0311° 0 o Nas 2 O31 0233-078 2772 0467 22489 0 Oya 2 360% 10) 9 0.778 ~0933 0467 1555 0 | ~0622° 0311 |/g,|=| 0 "0778 0. 0311 +2489 0 | 2.72 0467-0233 ge| {7120 -0933 0311: 9 0 0622 0.467 1.556 -0.778] 14, 0 0.467 9 9 9 oat -0233 -0.778 2.722 |]q, ° Apply boundary conditions, * : 1.=4,79,-4,70 Rows and columns corresponding to the boundary conditions ps eliminated. The equilibrium equation reduces to, 1556-0778 -0933 0311 Ta, o7' 0.778 2.72 0467-2489] | | 9 ui. svt -0933 0467 1555 0, fg |= 031-2499 0) 2722 fag 360x107 1.8569, -0.7784,-09334,+0311¢,-0 ol) 0.1984, + 2.7724, + 0.4674, =2.4899,=0 Q) 0.9334, + 0.4674, + 1.555q,=0 : es -@) ‘ at 20 vil n 11g, ~2.4899, + 2.7229, = ——!20_ ines i bb roe aa hateen Soke i ~@ From equation (1), we get, : ae 4 = (155645 ~0.77844+031196) ‘ i 0933 F ‘Substituting “g," value in equation (3), we get, Tea 1.6674, - 0.839, + 2.073q,=0 i aS Similarly substituting ‘g,* value in equation (2), we get, { 0.001g, + 2.3829, ~2.333g,=0 i 6) ‘On solving equations (5), (4) and (6), we get, u9~ ed, E q, = 5.207 x 10° mm! 2 a | 9g, =-6.75 «10? mm 4 =-6.89 * 10° mm ji So gy = 7.586% 10? mm [From q, relation] el Deflections at the point of load applications are, 49, = 7.586 « 107 mm 9, =-6.89 x 107 mm.For element (1), the nodal displacement vector s given by, P =I 4 9,45 4" 0 0 5.207 ~6.5 7.586 -6.89 Stress in element (1), 1 g®=Da, 67200 «0 67200-33600 07 0 — -28200 -50400 =e0| 7168000 16800 —134400 0 0 50400 33600 134400 0 5.207 -6.75 7.568 -6.89. 3.13 {From equation a] 0+0+(67200)x5.207 + (-33600)x (—6.75) + 0+, 33600(—6.89) 1 - To 040+ (16800x5.207)+ (-134400)x (-6.75) + 0+134400(-6.89) : (0-+0-+(~50400)x (5.207) ~ 25200(—6.78) + 50400(7.568)+0 349910.4+226800— 231504 = —1_| 87477.6+907200-926016 180x10° -262432.8 + 170856+381427.2 1.971 oO =| 0.38 | wimm 1.61 Similarly for stress in element (2). a ° ” o 7.586 gol” || ces 4% <6 oa 4 : EMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKy FINITE ELI Nady = DB, ge 0 0 | © 33600 67200 0 + -67200 33600 15 7 “| [Frori equation Ts0| = 134400 eq oy 180] © -134400 16800 0 16800 rs © [S040 0 © 25200 soso -25200J 0 0+0+67200(7.586)+040+0 1 Teoxio?| °F °+16800(7.586)+0+0+0 0+0+0+25200(-6.89)+040 : f 309779.2 127444.8 173628] o 18010 2.832 0.708 | N/mm? > 0.964 Stresses in the plate elements are, 1971 60s | 0.38 | Nim? , 1.61 i nie 2,832 ©. | 0.708 | Nim? -0.964 Q6. (a) From the first principles, derive the shape functions for 2-D quadrilateral element. — ‘OctiNon-19, Set, 60) MT For answer refer Unit-V, Q21,.Upto equation (12). (b) How to solve the integration over rectangular regions in 2-Dimensional probleme using Gaussain Quadrature numerical integration. Answer : Orem, see, a Consider a 2-Dimensional rectangular finite clement described in natural coordinates as shown figure. ook for the SIA GROUP LOGO {ff én'the TITLE CovER before You buy 7eriNovember-2019 (Set-1) Question Paper with Solutions. si a : aw t an 1 Tena sy 1 ae W,=W,=1 a | aes x x] ad | rr) eae ad we" ee Figure Let, & & and 1 be the natural coordinates of the rectangular element. Integral function and its approximation by Gauss quadrature method for 2D rectangular element is, ae ff tenen val . : | 1 DY mmteon) | | Only two Gauss points which are diagonally opposite to each other are considered, since the stiffness matrix of the element issymmetric. Therefore, considering the points 1 and 3, integral can be evaluated as, fa | 1 ff endeean 4 YD mmo) : it T= wflEvmn) + i WGF(Ewn2) + WE) + W3flExM) : (Em) = (0.57735, 0.57735) 7735, 0.57735) ‘fall the four points are considered, then, ff season a4 att = (1) 1) Mb 2S Ge Mo) AFG nse I 0 rg SRD EN eR SPECTROM ALLANONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS ————_____ SIA GROUP ab, x DS [JNTU-KAKIN, 16 FINITE ELEMENT METHO! ADA) Gy n,) = (057735, 0.5735) Gon) = 057735, 0.57735) on) = 057735, -0.57738) Gong = (0.57735, 0.57735) Q7. Consider. axial vibration of the ‘steel bar shown in Figure. (Develop the global stiffness and mass matrices and nomial techn (Wi) Determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes using the characteristic polyt que, AL=7200 mm! 9. 900 mm? Figure A cuNowss, sa, arg nswer : For answer refer Unit-VI, Q65.No: R1641033/R16 : -- S et- 2 'V B.Tech | Semester Regular Examinations October/November - 2019 Bg a FINITE ELEMENT METHODS (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering) — Max. Marks: 70 ‘Note: 1. Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B 2. Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A "3. Answer any FOUR questions from Part-B PART-A (14 Marks) (@) Write the D-matrix for 3-D problems. (2) (Unit) (&) Draw a local and global coordinates? What is theic importance in FEM. [2] (Unit) mn) (@) Why atthree node triangle element called as a CST element? (2] (Unit) (©) Derive the transformation matrix of a plane truss element. [3] (Unit (©) What is a sub parametric and a super parametric element? (3) (Unit) (Write the element stiffness matrix and lumped mass matrices of a two fode bar element. (2] (Unit VI) PART-B (4 x 14=56 Marks) # (@ Explain the variational formulation in FEM problems with help of a suitable example. [6] (Unit4,Topic No:1.3) (6) For the bar assemblages shown in figure, determine the nodal displacements, the forces in each element, and the reactions. [8] (Unit-,Topic No:1.6) 1 2 00016 = 30 « 108 psi 30 in. 30 in 30 ino A= 4.0 in? : (@) Describe the natural coordinate system and generalized coordinate system. {7] (Unit (b) Explain convergence and compatibility criteria. (7] (Unitl,Topic No:2.2) ‘Abeam as shown in the figure is clamped at the two ends and acted upon by force P and moment M in the mid-span. Find Topic No:2.2) Figure oe ______ DECTROM ALL ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS —— Sif GROUP {i= FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADa) Iso Dative te stifiness matric [K] andthe Toad veto Toth Wo dimensional simplex clement shown i igure ‘nodal displacements of triangular, element, strain and stress of an‘element: Assume E = 260 MPa, = 0.3 andt=10 mm, (14) (Unit 1V,Topic No:4.1) i 5. Nimm? : y 33,4) Figure © @_ Discuss in detail the concept of Isoparametric Element. [6] (Unit,Topic No.1) (©) Using Isoparametric concept, Formulate the Element Stiffness Marx fora un-dimensional Two noded element with ‘constant cross sectional area AA’ and Modulus of Elasticity “E”. [8] (Unit V, Topic No:5.1)° 7. (@_iseuss about lumped mass and consistent mass matrix. [5] (Unit VI,Topie No:6.2) (©) Determine the temperature distribution in a straight fn of circular cis, Use three one dimensional linear elements and consider the up is insulated. Diameter of fins I cm, length is 6 em, h = 0.6 Wiem?°C, @. = 25°C and base temperature is ¢, = 80°C. [9] (Unit VI,Topie No:6.1) pea 1 by Look for the SIA GROUP Loco {¥f on'the TITLE COVER betardjon iy ee: : octiMo-t9, et2, a1) M2) 2 OctINow-t9, Set2, a1) M2. x Figure : Local Coo ‘Any coordinate system, enables to identify the element wit respects reference axes. In local edordinates origin of reference ‘ues located at one end of the element itself. It not possible to interrelate the locations of different elements but simplifies the complexity of calculations of individual element. Thus, it is significant in FEM. Global Coordinates " x Figure: Global Coordinates in gba ordinate, rgin of reference as located vay fom he clement. 1s important since, positon of one element can be represented with referencé to position of other element: 2 (c) Derive the transformation ‘matrix of a plane truss element. cemuub pect . 4 OctJNow.-19, Set-2, Qt(c) M{3] For answer refer Unit-IIl, 4 ts ‘Why cans rode triangle element-called as a CST element? = Answer : : : Octiow-19, St-2, 16) M2} Inthree noded triangular element distribution of stress throughout the element, when subjected to particular load is assumed Lobe constant SSS a one ouRne FOR ENGNEERING STUDENTS "SA, GROUP we F éE— Constant of proportionality o~Stress induced strain As:'2 is constant and ‘9s assume tobe constant, then resulting strain ‘c” will be constant throughout the. element. Thus, ame CST (constant strain triangulir) element. : (e) What's a sub parametric and a super parametric element? Answer : OctINov19, Set, 014) 4, ‘Subparametric Element ‘ For answer refer Unit-V, 3. Superparametric Elements For answer refer Unit-V, Q4, (A) Write the element stiffness matrix and lumped mass matrices of a two node bar element. Answer : * OctNovat8, Sat2, 4 Mz} For two node bar element, Element stiffness matrix, EAL = wie Af 1 whe E~ Young's modulus of the element material A~Cross-sectional area of the bar element 1 Length of the bar element Lumped mass matrix, "ro Im Where, 1p Density of the element material PART-B 2, (a) Explain the variational formulation in FEM problems with help of a sultabie example, sAnower 1 SetNon-18, sata, cate Variational Formulation ; For answer refer Unit-l, Q41 Example : Rayleigh-Ritz method is a variational method and is employed to evaluate solution of structural Problems. : (Q42, Topic: Example of Rayleigh Ritz Method, For remaining answer refer Unit Look for the SIA GROUP LOGO {5 on the TITLE COVER beter Walbuyome Fe AONE (Set 2) cuieetion Paper with Solutions $ 8.21 ——(b) For the bar assemblanco apo eleme: ages shown In figu isplacements, the forces In each nt, and the reach, hown in figi re, detormine the nodal di pt ctlons, ®@ Of. E30 10rpel Andou 201m 201. Figure a tate ones OctMont8 Sot 2,020) Given that, “oes ‘Young's modulus of each element, Em B,~ E,E,~ 30% 10 psi= 30 10 Ibis? faped Cross-sectional area of each element, : AnA=A,=A, Length of each element, 1=h=1=1, =30in Stiffness matrix for bar element is given by, me Stiffness matrix for element (1), tee? : sa tia | BA{1 -l}t ay | Kl=T [a ak : rl 3 ee (kjl=4~ el th Stiffness matrix for element (2), me 23 ; (K,]=4 10°F) —1]2 -1.1)3 Stiffness matrix for element (3), ' 34 [K]=4* [i ak ams Global stiffness matrix, (k= 1K) + (41+ 1) feat 4 1 1 0 «Off =4x10°|-11t1 -1 0}2 . ‘ idee. o <1 itt 1/3 ee eee < a aa SIA GROUP SPECTRUM ALLH-ONE JOURNAL, [FOR ENGINEERING 5 :o28 FINITE ELEMENT. METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA) S——S—S ee 1a ; Global displacement vector, : ui) Jule ; (Oo Nash uh Global force vector, Fi o jl z ~ |AL_] 4000 |2 ‘ 27 1B] | 1000/3 Fi 0 ja Finite element equation is given by, [K] (uw) = (FY 1-10 ofa ° -t 2-1 0lfua| _| 4000 10) 9 <1 2 ~alhes]~]-10000 -) 0-0 -1 ilu 0 Nodal Displacements ns Applying boundary conditions, 4, =4,=0 ‘Then, deleting first row, first column and fourth row, forth column, eo aTe}-Lise) ; ‘Writing above matrix in equation form, 4% 108 [2u, — Iu] = 4000 ' 13 i 8% 10°24 « 1061, = 4000 And, ua @ 4 10 [-1u, + 2u,] =-10000 = 4% 10, +8 x 106u, =— 10000 On solving equations (2) and (3), 6) 1 == 1.667 * 104 in u,=-1.334 «10? in a Displacement vector, {u} = {0 1.667104 Reactions (On substituting displacement values in equation (1) Ha 1-100 0 FE ' vee -1 2 -1 0|}-1.667%10-1 _} 4000 ie 4x10} 9 1 2 —il]-1.334%1041~ oo-rifl oUGetobetiNovember-2019 (Set:2) tuBatign Paper with Solutions Solving above mats for"F and 410% C1) «1.66 x 104 * F=6671b : and, 4¥ 10 Cl)» 133333) x 102=F, 2 F,=53331b Force in Each Element Forces in element 1: = Ayu) = 4% 10°(1.667 « 104) == fP = 66710 7 f= 667Ib ——ro— © gg = 6670 Figure Forces in element 2: : : EA a= =F (yu, LP = P=) = 4 x 101.667 x 10+ + 1.33333 * 10°) f= = 4667 1b f= 46671b—»o—@__pa = 46710 Figure Forces in element 3: EA Bf = Tam) = 4 x 108 (1.33333 « 10° -0) fi =f) = 5333 1b f2)=53331__+o 2 ow — ff = $333Ib Figuie @3. (a) Describe the natural coordinate system and generalized coordinate system. Answer : : ener ts oa. nena Natural Coordinate System For answer refer Unit-II; Q34, Topic: Natural Coordinates. Generalized Coordinate System 7 “Three noded triangular elements are derived by area integration which uses area ecordinates, Ares coordinates area kind SPECTRUM ALAN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS “SIA GROUPFINITE ELEMENT: METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA) tem ordinate system. Such a sys = ‘element are derived by employing a local ¢ Eran ears ration for Serving the fournoded rectangular element were performed in closed form ang 4-noded uadrilaters| Tee Slementary. ¢noded rectangular elements ae lintel to rectangular areas, for non rectangular afras © TOG vamp fkements are used. But itis very tedious to dotie dnote using global coordinals 5S analysis. mm “Sietration generalized coordinate system suse, Due os simpliciy ti very popula in finite elem paper, integra emealized coordinate systém, the local element specified in global coordinates is non Seal Se arated cheney Sra ik. Type of integration employed to integrate the area is numerical integration. Is catied 0 ee queda 11 ot 88 boundaries from element spce origin usually numerical integration is performed wing aus Leen adatur. Ii required to drive the shape functions ofthe element in normalized element space. Then, normali nee should be converted into global coordinate system using an interpolation Function. Generalized coordinate system is often referred tt serendipity coordinates and normalized element are referred as serend ipity elements. (b) Explain convergence and’ ‘compatibility criteria. Answer : Convergence Criteria For answer refer Unit- Compatibility Criteria isplacement should be compatible between adjacent elements. ‘There should not be ‘any discontinuity or ‘overlapping while deformed. 3. The adjacent elements must deform without causing openings, overlaps or discontinuous between the elements 4. * Elements which satisfy all the three convergent requirement and compatibility condition ae called compatible or conforming elements. (O4. A beam as shown in the figure is clamped at the two ends and acted upon by force P and ‘moment M In the mid-span. Find the deflection and rotation at the center node. OctiNow-18, at2, 40) m7, Figure OctiNon19, Set2, 04 MITA) E-Young’s modulus of the element (E, = £,) Moment of inertia of the element (/, = /,) 1 Length of each element (J,=/,) . P—Point load at node-2 +, -M-Moment at node -22-4; KI rl 6t at er op P\-12 -61 12 —61}y, 6 2P -6 4r Jo, : ‘ Stiffness matrix for element-2° M2 82 wy Oy i. 12 61-2 6] ‘ tqy- 2A] ah — ot 2P J0, re uP |=12 -61 12 -61\ v5 ‘ 6! 2F 61 4P jo, . | Global stiffness matrix, ane en | 4% & wy on te | 2 6 -2 | 6 0 oy yoo | 6 4? -6 | 2F 0 0 [a ae El)-12 -61 12412 ~61+61 -12 61 |v P| 6 2P ~61+61 4P+4P 61 2F |0, { 0 0 2-6 12 -6lly ‘ oo 6 2F 61 4F}e, {k= wv @ wm @ vy 8 ! : ! 2 6 -12 6 0 Oy ' | 6! 4% -6 2P 0 0/6, IK] grl-i2 -61 24 0 -12 61 \y P| 6 2F 0 st -6 2/0, i 0 0 ~12 -6 12-61% 0 0 6 2F 6 af Je Global displacement vector, % 8) 1 = fei a 6, Global force vector, i M, “oy spitah 1 01 | Ge oma Figure: Forces and Moments Acting an Each Node vas meer ere remrg cnet eames ede ‘ecTRGN @LLARCONE JOORAAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS 7 SIA GROUP 2 3 Ear val Pa peeFINITE ELEM (COve" sign indicates clockwise moment) Te Finite element equation, (1) ='47) 2 6-2 6 0 oVTw af oat st 2p oo lla} | £l)-12 61 24 O -12 61 , Plo 2P 0 aP er 2 |lof~ 9 0 ~12-6 12 -eil|yl |o | * o 0 ot a ~6 allo} | a Applying boundary conditions, iD 0 17 0,8,=0,¥,=0,6,=0 On eliminating 18,24, 5% and 6s rows and columns, Ell24 0) fvy fi ‘ Plo selfs} ta (On writing above matrix in equation form, zl Pee P aston From equation (1), defection at node 2", a PP ‘." —3aeT ; 3 : “ ‘From equation (2), rotation at node ‘2", ML 9.7 eT = ~ ""“Ueok tor the SLA GROUP Loco gyDerive the stiffness matrix [k] in figure, also determine nodal dis; placements of triangular element, strain and stress of an element. ‘Assume E = 260 MPa, = 0.3 and t = 10 mm. 7 Nimm ea [es i 4 (4,4) \. Figure ; peers coin a 8 14 For answer refer Unit-IV, Q33. 06. (a) Discuss in detail the concept of Isoparametric Element. | Answer : j : © logue St, For answer refer Unit-V, Q17. {b) Using Isoparametric concept, Formulate the Element Stiffness Matrix fora uni-dimensional Two noded element with constant cross sectional area ‘A’ and Modulus of Elasticity "E". | ° Answer ¢ ctuNon-18, Seb, OM) MEHL ‘E. Consider a uni-dimensional fwo noded bar element with constant cross sectional area “A” and modulus of elasticit x x a 2 xu 0 Figure: Global Coordinate System Figure: Watural Coordinate System Step-1: Selection of Element Type ' i : Consider element has two ‘DOF" (degrees of freedom)i.., displacement u, at node-1 and displacement u, at node-2 with Respect to the x-axis of global coordinate system. Relationship between global coordinate ‘sand natural coordinated i given by, oun 7 2 ~0) te. 2s a 0 (i Shape Function N, Figure \ e=0 Figuro: Linear Displacement Field‘ Step-2: Selection of a Displacement Function The shape functions used to define the shape are used for definin i displacement function. Sines. ic... « are derived by using the same shape functions to define both shape and. displacement of the aoe isoparathetric elements eo Od {*} g=1 el) Step-3: Defining Strain Displacement Relationships 7 : From equation (3) it is evident that, displacement ‘x’ is functions of &. ‘Therefore, by applyine «i ‘pPlying differentiation chain du de = n chain rule. on.the TITLE COVER before:vaisGetoder/November-2019 (Set-2) Question Paper with Solutions But, (2 From equation (4)) (2 From equation (3)) Writing in / matrix form, ' : : Z , Dotan m8 =f. ttm \ 1 ; a fe 4 ile} ee 0 ' Nos DUK EMsmeis 5) _ 1B} 8) ; 6) (On comparing equations (5) and (6), Strain displacement matrix, (B] = | Then, Stress matrix, : {o} = Ete) = £18] (5) Step-4: Deriving the Element Stiffness Matrix Element stiffness matrix [K]= for (DBUde (7) t faerie coordinate x to E, : f soa f nevi Where, Jacobian, de it Win er Then, equation (7) takes the form, i= far eeuislas a fsretuy (c+ For I- D elements E = [D]) [BY ELBIA ds SPECTRUM ALLANONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS Sour ‘SIA GROUP @%Q7. (@) Discuss about lumped mass and consistent mass matrix. Answer : For answer refer Unit-V1, Q56. (OctiNow-19, Set2, O70) MS] (b) Determine the temperature distribution in a straight fin of circular cis. Use three one dimensional linear elements and consider the tip is insulated. Diameter of fin is 1 cm, length is 6 cm, h = 0.6 Wiem?°C, ¢_ = 25° C and base temperature is 9, = 80°C. Answer: Given that, Dianieter of fin, d Length of fin, L = 6 em Convective heat transfer coefficient, h= 0.6 Wiem?°C Fluid temperature, @, =25°C Base temperature, ¢, = 80°C ‘Assume thermal conductivity, K'= 2 Wem °C a bo. 0000000 000000 02 Os 80°C Pray L<— L=6em —» 1 a3 4 2em 2cm 2cm Figure: Fin OctLNow18, Set2, aT) MIs] 4 lem Cross-section area of fin, = Za? = Fx? = 0.7854 em? Perimeter of cross-section of fin, P=nd= 1 * 1 =3.1416 cm ‘The fin is modeled by three elements with a length of 2,em each. Stiffness matrix for element © is given by, Kg=K,th, ‘ook for the SIA GROUP Loco ; Lu1019 (Set-2) Quast n Paper a 1 fl al 1 Solutions Ks se ~1] , 0.6x3:1416<2[2 1 . = 1 6 1 2. 7 1 -y 21 ; Ky=0. a asa! 1 ozs? | K, it + 0.6283] ao en d-ld 12| Similarly for element @ 1 2 _f 2.042 -0.1571]1 -O.1571 2.042 |2 3 4 2 a and K. 042 0.15713 ‘ @ |-01571 2.042 Now, the global stiffness matrix is obtained by assembli the stiffness matrix of elements (1), (2) and (3). ie, K =KytKy+Ko 1 | 2 3 3 4 eae el 2.042 er 2.042 ae 0.1571 2.042, J2™|-0.1571 2.042 ]3"[-0.1571 2.042 1 2 3 4 2.042 -0.1571 0 o 7 0.1571 4.084 -0.1571 0 [2 0 © 0.1571 4.084 -0.1571)3 0 0 0.1571 2.042 J4 Eleritent Load Vector HPioa[ Load vector for element ©, Fo= 9 |, 0.63.14) 624251! = Sx 14 L225] pal] Fo“ 47 P41 JQ) Similarly, load veetor for element ©, " YQ) Fr, = 47.124] 1] a) ee in GROUP SPECTRUM ALLINCONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS ‘SIA GROUP QS8.32 FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU- KAKINADA) df ag NS ELEMENT METHODS CONTUKARIAD A) Fou oun] ® 7 ea Global load vector i obtained by assembling each element load vectors, i WF Ft hath, 1a) F= 47,124 2/@) 21a) Ja 47124 7 94.248] we 94.248 : 47.128, : ‘The global finite element equation is given by, [x12] = fF) 2042-01571 0 0 Jfe] fari2d -0.1571 4.084 -01571 0 [16,] | 04248 0 =~ -0.1571 4.084 -0.1571]]9, | =| 94.248] 0 0 = -01571 2042 fle} [47128 Given that base of the fin is maintained at ¢, = 80°C. Applying this boundary condition in above equation, we get, 4.084 -0.1571 0 Jf.) [94248-(-0.1579x80) -0.1571 4.084 -0.1571/4,|_| 94248-(0)x80 0 © -0.1571 2.042 Jo, 47128-(0)x80 $2] [ 4084 -01571 0 106816) { %/=|-0.1571 4084 0.1571] x| 94248 . o © 01571 2042} [47128 2] [27.1194 4; | = |25.0826] J} [25.0090]2 IV B.Tech | Semester Regular Examinations — S S peas FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA, 1 . PART-B Q2. (2) _Difforontiate between lane stress and plane strain problems with suitable examples and deriyg the elasticity matrix for both the conditions. Answer: (cLNo¥19, S43, OX) gg 4. For answer refer Unit1, Q32. (©) Find the proximate deflection of a simply supported beam of length 'L’ und distributed load ‘p' using the Rayleigh: Rits method. Answer : tion 19, 3, 020 uniformly For answer refer Unit-J, Q59, Exclude Topic: Bending Moment at Mid-Span- 3. (a) Define natural coordinate system. Establish a relationship between local or Cartesian coordinates "and natural coordinates for a 2-noded bar element. Answer: : ‘OctuNo-19, Sot, Oe) My Natural Coordinate System For answer refer Unit-l, Q34, Topic: Natural Coordinates (Only fist paragraph). Relationship Between Local and Natural Coordinates For answer refer Unit-II, Q36, Topic: Relation Between Natural and Global Coordinate Systems. (b) Explain in detail the elimination approach for the treatment of boundary condition. ‘Answer :~ ~~~ - ctuNo¥-1, Sat, 30) For answer refer Unit-Il, Q39, Topic: Elimination Approach. : Q4, (a) The truss system shown in figure subjected to a load P = 100 kN and Q = 100 KN at Joint. Compute - the deflections u and v, stress in members 1 and 2 and reaction forces at joint 2 and joint 3. JOINT 2 JOINTS Sy Member 2 £=70* 10° Nim? A= 1200 mm? © Member 1 ay no at Oetimov-18, set 3, ae) MT, °°" Given that, Horizontal load at node-1, P= 100kN=100x10.N- } ae Vertical load at node-1, = 100 KN = 100 * 10°N Young's modulus of each élement, E= £, ~E,= 70 * 10°Nim?=70 10 Niinmt : ‘Area of each element, A=, =4,= 1200 mm? we bok for the SIA GROUP Loc the TITLE COVER before yeti 2ty, Uy, Uy,~ Displacement along x-axis at nodes 1, 2 and 3 respectively ¥y ¥» ¥, — Displacements along y-axis at nodes 1, 2 and 3 respectively Fy FF, Forces along x - axis at nodes 1, 2 and 3 respectively aid Fp Fay Fyy~ Force along y-axis at nodes 1, 2 and 3 respectively ' ‘Assume, each elements is of 1 m length j,= 1000 mm t so Stiffness matrix for element(1), | Cc ocs -C -cs) AE| cs s -cs -$ 4 5 Cocco -cs 8 cs Tal ie,d=h= Figure (2: Eloment (1) “co | Where, | C=c08 9, : S-sin®, i oa From figure, ' ; 0,-45°+90°= 135" 1 a ‘And, C= cos 6, = cos 135° 0.707 i - sin 135° = 0.707 ‘ ¢ my WO OM 05 -05 -05 05]% ; A 05 05 05 -05/" 05 05 05 0.5) uy ' os -05-05 05) | 1200 x 70x10°|- =—y000 | rine STUDENT SA GROUP AS IPECTROM ALL-ANVONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STODENTS —--- SIA GROUP~ aoe FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKiNayy, 1 -t-tt)y, td ay [4] =42 x10" 4 / tt ~ifu, tasily Stiffness matrix for element (2), Coo cs [kj- 24| cs st cs 3 “bh 1-C es C8 Cs cs S$ cs $ Flgure 3: Element (2) Where, C-cos 8, 5-sin@, From figure, 90" — 45° = 45° And, (C= cos 8, = cos 45°= 0.707 ‘S= sin 6, = sin 45°= 0.707 Then, 4 4% & 05 05 -05 -05)y 1200%70%10*| 0.5 05 05-03) l= jo00|-05 -05 05 05 |u, 05-05 os osm 4 4 mh 11 -1-1]4 11 -1-1)y 1-1-1 fas -h-t 1 t]y Global stiffness matrix, (5) =[K] + (K] mM he Met -141-1 1 = -l]y -1+L 141 1-1-1 =I 1 1-10 Ofm fqea2xt@ fp an = -1 -1 0 ° [K,]=42 «10° 20-11 -1-Iy 021 -1-1-1)% (y=42* 10°} 1 1-10 Of 11-11 0 ofm 1-10.01 fy -1-10 0 1 I}y Verification: Evaluated stif ness matrix is said to be comeatit it satisfies two conditions such as it should be symmettie and ‘sum of values of any row and column should be zero. Global displacement vector, 4 =f) ps % Global force vector, Fic Finite element equation is given by, [x] (8) m) [Fic] af 14, 0 of ful _ | 10 of}uf la, , 1-100 1 flu) x Fe-to 0 1 ify} [a Nodal Displacements Nodal boundary conditions are, i: Sth and 6th are eliminated from equation (1), reese le ‘The reduced finite element equation is given as, 2 olf ano li} Woox 10 sng abe att L100 % 109 On writing above m atrix in equation form, 4210 *2%u,= 100% 19) *42 «10° 2x, =~ 100 x 10° 1.19 mm (ve sign indicates downward deflection) Element Stresses ; Stress induced in element-1: 6, Fc -sc sy" Gy 4 ve 119 70x10" EE = RA [a707 -0.707,-0.707 0.707} ° ‘ = 70[0.707.% 1.19 + (C-0.707) (~ 1.19)] = 0.707(0) + 0.707(0)] = = 117.203 N/mm? (Tensile) . . Suess induced in element-2: [uy s, Br -sc sh" : h Hs % 1g : : 7010? =1.19) : = “000 [-0.707 -0.707 0.707 0.707}) if ae i ° “ 0,707) (-1.19) + 0.707 (0) + 0.707(0)] = 70 [( 0.0707) (1.19) + @=0Nimm . Reaction Forces au te Let, Ry» Ray R,, and R, be the reaction forces noded 2 and 3. _ 5 Equation (1) can be written 25, ‘ 2 0-11 1-1 [119 0 . 0 2 1 -1-1-i]/-119]. | ° “ 1 1-10 off 0 |) Re : ax1ly 110 off o | | fr-vo 0 1.a{f 0 | |B : 1-10 01 Ile Ry Writing equations forthe reaction, ; 4a 10 1 119 1 CLIN Be reaper menor Ry, =7 99960 : 4210 [1x LIV CDE 19) =a : a ; "R= 99960N an i (LIMIAR8.40 Beam Element Subjected to ‘Uniformly Distributed Load Consider a beam element ‘subjected to U.D.L of p N/M over entire span of beam. le Ble, pNim a 2 2 =p 8 2 (@ Direct oad (ii) Equivalent load Figure ‘Work potential due to U.D.L wD= ii pode Ba veHg Then, wD=p f tga Converting global coordinate ‘x*to natural coordinate For remaining and answer refer Unit-IIl, Q56. ' Beam Element Subjected to Concetrated Load at Centre| | . ottober/Nevember-2019 (Set-3) Question Paper with Solutions = Equivalent load vector of a beam element for concentrated load at the center, Answer: OctiNon-19, Set, 540) MH] For answer refer Unit-1V, Q52, Topic: Strain Displacement Matrix. (b) The nodal coordinates of a triangular element are 1(1, 3), 2(5, 3) and 3(4, At a point P inside the element, the -x-coordinates is 3.3 and the shape function N, = 0.3. Determine the shape functions and y-cordinates of the point P. OctiNow-18, St, S(t) MS] Answer t Given that, Coordinates of, Point ‘P’, (x,y) = G.3,) Node-1, 494) = (3) Node-2, (4.9,)= 63) Node-3, (9) = 4, 6) 3 (4,6) ‘Shape function, N, (5,3) ad e Shape Functions ‘Shape functions for a tri yt Bt ae 2A ett jangular element, M N= 8.41 But, ; a7 xy, —xy,7 5X 6-4 X32 30-12= 18 x3-1*6=12=6=6 1x3-5x3=3-15=-12 tower. Byry,-¥76-3=3 sy, y,3=3=0 -x=1-4=-3 yryreS- 184 1H wes aed 7h a as 2A= 15 «6-4 3)— 101 * 6-13) +3(1x4-1% 5) 2A =30- 12-6 +3 412-15 2A=12 Y-Coordinate of P 1 Using relation, +Ba+w 2A 18+(-3)3.3)+(-Dy [ry 03= 3.6=81-y yaas Shape Functions yw 224 Bet 2 24 6+3(3.3) + (3014.5), 12 M02 And, 23+ Bx + yy 2 12+ (013.3) + 44.5) a @ N,=05 Verification shape functions: NtN,+N=1 03+0.2+0.5=1 ot ae =a ENGINEERING STUDENTS Hence, obtain shape functions are correct. SA GROUP 258.42 28. Answer: Derive the shape functions of 4 nade two dimensional For answer refer Unit-V, Q21 (b) Derive the gauss points and weights of two point gauss quadrature and evaluate the integral of x° + 3x! 5x—2 between the limits - 1 and. +1. Answer : : ctNov-19, Se, 86 ‘Gauss Points and ‘Weights of Two Point Gauss Quadrature Integral can be approximated to gauss quadrature I= / Axdae= Dsl) ' ‘ ‘ Considering two point gauss quadrature, n=2, Integral, - f pds ingyen) 7 “one ieee 0 For, n= 2, polynomial order is given by, 2n-1=2%2 =3 E)=0,+ax+as*+ a2! From equation (1), errors given by, Error = |re- fos) — Weflx2) = 0 Jlatact ax? + aye) Wyle) —Weflx2)=0 [a Foe ata tas tage] Mla tan asx? + agr1)- (a+ 03m tase} + asx) =0 From above equation, m+W,=0 Mix + Wx, = 0 Wat + Wx =F5 (5) Wit + Wy =0 On solving equation (5), Gauss points, 1 =e = 057735 ; ae 7 1 = 057735 ane le Weights,\October/November-2019 (Set-3) GUdation Paper with Solutions Evaluating the Integral star : Given that, é fesse—se 2a : Ait) = x8 + 32 Sx2 According to Gaussian quadrature method, I=) J fede = YW) 4 mw ‘Number of Gauss points is given by, (Qn —1)=3 (the degree of function, x) m=4 n=2 ‘Then, for two piont Gauss quadrature, equation (1) can be written a5, Af ovde= nfs) +m, fl) 4 For two point Gauss quadrature, Weights, mom! Gauss points, 1 = 4 =057735 x7 yy7O 47 5 = 0.57735 Then, W, fx) = Milt 3x2 51-2] = 1[(0.57735) + 3(0.57735¥ - 5(0.57735)—2] W, fic) =- 3.694 And, ey W, fee) = aL + 3d - Sa me = oss? #3(-0.57735? ~ 5(-0.57735)-2) W, fz.) = 1.694 - : Thu 694=-2 W fis) + Mle) =— 3.94 | je foosse sean? a 8.43 m0)8.44 FINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA): = gl Col +P Cr) -St- aya) =0+2-0-4 ra-2 Hence, verified, a7. Determine the Eigen values and Elgen vectors for the ea, bar ‘shown-in figure, E = 30 10° Nim, Specific weight = 0.283 kg/m?. A, = 1m? A, = 0.5 m?L, = 10m, L, Figure Answer : : ctunow-t9, Set, Q7 MT Given that, y ‘Young's modulus, E = 30 x 10°N/m* = 0.0288 ke-stim* Asim FigureSimilarly, Stiffness matrix for element (2), Bal -1 Kr | ‘| K- nignost =I] x laa 23 sl 3h Global Stiffness Matrix i) =K,+K, 12 23 wa =f, ho 38 123 33 o]1 - [ae Sh o 3 3]3 ‘ Mass matrix of element (1), pAh[2 1] _ oorgsx1x10f2 1 6 [1 2 6 la 1-2 [0.096 0.048] 1 Me + [0.048 oaks a z Similarly mass matrix of element (2) PrArla[2 1] 0.0288%0.5%5|2 1 6 [1 2)7 6 12 (0.024 oon 2 M,= um 0.024] 3 stent matrix is, The global mass matrix or cons M=MtM (0.096 0.048 o ‘048 0,048 + 0.02 0.012 M 0 0.012 0.024 RCRA ALLRPAIIE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STEPENTS ——=-———————— St GROUP 58.46 1 203 a= |0096 0.048 0 1 [0.048 0.068 0.012|2 © 0.012 0.024]3 y 44 lga}=0 G According to characteristic polynomial technique, (K-AM) [g] =0 333 9 0.096 0.048 0 3 6 ~Axf0048 a068 0.012 33 3 0.012 0.024 subg the boundary. eae a> ‘The characteristic equation is, [spi Anos ~3x10°—2.x0.012 J 3x 10°-Ax0.012 3x10°- 20.024 [G6 * 10° 0,068) x (3 » 10*- 0.024 4)] ~ [3 « 104+ 0.012.) = 0 [1.8 « 10° 144 « 10. 204 x 109A + 1,632 x 10722]=[9 * 10" + 1.44 x 104A + 72 x 10 AJ= 0 1.488 x 10922420 x 10 +9% 102=0 Solving the above equation, ‘A, = 258895821.5 A, = 23362243.01 The corresponding frequencies are, dy V f = RTE —ase0381 BSAA OT et = 769.267 Hz ‘The Eigen vector for A, is can be evaluated as, Ikan, 61ot-2seetor nose, st -2sh-1%s 001 a] 3 x 10° — 258 10° «0.012 310° 258% 10° «0.024 sein apc — 6096000 3192000]{45] From normalization, XP MX,joberNovember-2019 (Si ) Question Paper with Solutions (a, 89394 [088 oer ae |- (0.012 0.024]|-1.8939, , r-r.sy[00es donk IL |: 0.012 0.024)|-1.g93} u- ~1.395)|0852 a 0.10793 =1 ‘107 = 3.057 4,7 ~ 1.893 x 3,087 X= [087 -5.786)" 5.786 Similarly, the Eigen vector for 2, will be [K—A,M)X, = [ Srt0 232621040008 —s-a0'—n26s10'000), fe] g |—3 « 10° — 23.36 x 10° x 0.012 3108 — 23.36 10°» 0.024 95] 4411520 -3280320]a }-3280320 2439360 lq, ‘The two equations are not independent because the determinaat of the matrix is zero. Therefore, _ 4411520 : * 32803209 4," 1.1349, X= faye 11349," From normalization, XTMK, =1 : 0.068 0.012 7 a 1s4adlpors eral Bal" 0.068 0.012), 1 au foi ons ta (0.0816) gu use tier =I 0.12643 = fT a= ¥ 0126 “2817 7 qy= 2817 gy7 L134 x 2.817 = 3.194 xe (28i7 3194" eta 3a ‘SPECTROM ALLATEONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS aK as“0 Code No: Rissto3zIRI6 i S et- 4 'V B.Tech | Semester Regular Examinations October/November -2019 & FINITE ELEMENT METHODS (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Automobile Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70 Note: .1. Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B 2. Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A 3. Answer any FOUR questions from Part-B 7 PART-A (14 Marks) (@) What are plane stress and plane strain conditions? [3] (Unit) (©) Write a short note on domain discretization. 2} (\ i) (@ Write the shape functions for four nodded Quadrilateral element. [2] (Unit) (©) Differentiate between truss and a beam. [2} (Ui (©) What is numerical integration ? Write its importance in FEM (2) (Unit-V) (© What is a free vibration problem? What does eigen values and eigen vetcors represent in a free vibration problem, 13] (Unit-Vi) . PART-B (4 1436 Marks) (@) Discuss about any two weighted residual methods with the help of an example. [7] (Unit 4,Topie No:1.3) (©) What are the major limitations of finite element method? Explain the coidito Ms to overcome those limitations. (7) (Units, Topic No:1.1) (@) Explain in detail the convergence and compatibility requirements, When do you cll an element as a ‘conforming and complete? [7] (Unit, Topic No:2.2) (©) Explain the factors o be considered in selecting th interpolation function, 7] Uniti Tple Wa.) For the plane trusses shown in igure, determine the horizontal and vertical displacements of node 1, stresses in each element and reteton at node Al element have E=200GPaandA=2 X 10m [14] Ue fane wensoctober/November-2019 (Set-4) Que, &) @ &) o)” Paper with Solutions lement ‘Compute the strait Aisplacement matrix and also the strains ofan axisymmetric see aetne een 00) aay 4 OT me nag em 5 = 5m 2% Bem The nod dplaemen al ™1=0.01 mm, u,= 0.01 mm, w, =-0.04 mm, u,=-0.03 mm, w, = 0.07 ram. [8] UnittV, 7 Discuss about CST element and LST element. [6] (Unit-4V,Topic No: 4.1) way ic formulations. Explain in detail how the element stifiness matrix and load vector are evaluated in isoparametri formula U7] (Unit-V,Topie No: 5,1) Explain the concept of isoparametic elements and super parametric elements. {7} (Unit, Topie No:6.1) Derive element equations for a one dimensional heat conduction element using weak form formulation. {71 (Uni VL Topic No:6.1,1) Discuss about consistent mass matrix and lumped mass matrix. Derive the above two matrices for a two node beam , element. [7] (Unit-VI,Topie No:6.2)INITE ELEMENT ME METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA} PART-A. G1. (a) Whatare plane stress and plane strain conditions? Antiwar 3 ‘tic, Sat, ta) For answer refer Unit-, Q9 and QUO. . (b) Write a short note on domain discretization. wer : OctINov.-19, Sat-4, Q1(b) M2) For answer refer Unit-ll, 2 (c) Differentiate between truss and a beam. , Answer : OctiNow-49, Set, Qe) Ma Differences between Truss and a Beam ‘Truss Beam {tis a combination of triangular structures formed | 1. | is ahorizontal structural member fixed at one or both ‘when multiple straight members are joined by means | | ends, or simply supported and is subjected to transverse of pin joints. And is subjected to axial loads. and axial loads. Loads are allowed to act only atthe joints. 2, | Load may act at any section of the member. « 3. | Each node of truss element has two degrees of 3. | Each node of beam element also has two degrees of free- freedom. Both are axial displacements, one along x- dom but one is axial displacement and another is angular direction and another along y-direction. displacement. (4) Write the shape functions for four nodded Quadrilateral element. Answer : ‘ction, Set. ate) Ma For answer refer Unit-V, QU3, {e) What is numerical integration? Write its importance in FEM Answer : OctINow-t8, Set, ae) ME] Numerical Integration For answer refer Unit-V, QU. Importance of Numerical Integration For answer refer Oct/Nov-19, Set-3, QU). () What is a free vibration problem? What does elgen values and eigen vetcors represent in a free vibration problem. pn ctNov-10, Sat, 10 MBL Free Vibration Problem When a stationary elastic svt is disturbed by aplying a fre to provide ani dplacerent and thon force i wiv, te sacl gn oie suit euro orion, Stan clon on ue aU js known as free vibration. Analysis of free vibration is refered as fre vibration problem. : Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors For answer refer Unit-VI, Q19. Look for the SIA GROUP LOGOPART-B @. (2) Discuss about any two weighted residual methods with the fielp of an ‘example, answer <2 oetNowt9 Set ata) For answer refer UnitT, Qa, (b) What are the m: 'alor limitations of finite element method? Explain the conditions to overcome those limitations. 1 ‘Answer + ‘OctuNow-19, et, 02(0) MIT] For answer refer Unit-1, Q22, } : 3. (a) Explain in detail the convergence and compatibility requirements. When do you cell an element Answer as a conforming and complete? ctINowt9, Set-4, 00) MIT] Convergence and Compatibility Requirements For answer refer Oct./Nov.-19, Set-2, Q3(b). Anelement is said to be conforming element if ts interpolation polynomnials satisfy the convergence requirements mentioned. in points (1) and (2). An element is called as complete element if its interpolation polynomials satisfy convergence requirement nentioned in point (3). (b) Explain the factors to be considered in selecting the interpolation function. | Answer = ‘OctINow-18, Set, 0315) IT] Factors to be considered in selectiig the interpolation function ares ‘ Convergence characteristics 1 Functionals of elements He bw t yeh \ Field variable and its derivatives Size of element , Polynomial expansion ; For remaining answer refer Unit-I1, Q32: For the plane trusses shown in figure, determine the horizontal and vertical displacement of node 4, stresses in each element and reactions at node 3. All element Have E = 200 GPa and A= 2 X 10-4m? Figure oetov-9, 4, gum Answer : = Given that, ‘Young's modulus of each element, E= E, = £,=£, = 200 GPa = 200 » 10" Nim ‘Area of each element, A= A = 4, = 4, =2* 10m! Length of element, 4, = 2m Length of element, /,= 3m : | ee NS an Ra SERCereer SRN “PK "eT | DECTRGH ALLAN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS ——————— Sia GROUP QSFINITE ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA) Length of clement, /, = 3 m ; Vertical load at node 1, P= — 40 kN = +40, 10°N CLA ‘Truss is divided into three elements as shown in figure. é! sign indicates downward force). Figure (1) My My, MyM, — Displacement along x-axis at nodes 1,2,3 and 4 respectively, Ye Yy ye Ye~ Displacement along y-axis at nodes 1,2,3 and 4 respectively. Fs Fan Fa Fug Forces along x-axis at nodes 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Fy Fry Fry Fy. Forces along y-axis at nodes 1, 2,3 and respectively. * Stiffness matrix for element (1), coc -c s 4 we BIE £8 Leo 8 co 2 ‘Figure (2): Element (1)HY) ty My a 0 0:0 O]y 2=107%200x10"}0 1 0 =I}, z 00 0 Olu, lo-10 1}, 4M) ty vy (00 0 Of an of 1 0 -1]y, [K,] = 20% " FEI = 20*10'1) 9 0 ol (0-10 1}, wy My Me lo 0 0 Oy 1 = 10'|° 20 0 -20]y, I= 10 0 0 0 by [0 -20 0 20]}v, ‘Stiffness matrix for element (2), . Co - -cs iKJ- AE) cS Ss -cs -s | q |-c -cs c cs ics - cs Where, C-cos8, ‘ S—sind, - But, | 1 7 8-0 And, C= 0050, = cos 0° = 1 $= sind, = sin 0° Then, 4M ms ¥y 10 -1 Oly, 210%x200%10°] 0 0 0 Oly, [k= —_|-10 1 oly 00 0 O}y 9% Me A. 1 0 -1 0)4, ooooy . = 13.333*10" 1.0 1, OlMs 0,0 0-04 ye 13,333 0 13.333 0/4 J 0 9 0 - Om (K] = 10°)_33.333 0, 13.333 Ol, o 0 9 Oy,METHODS [JNTU-KAKINADA). Sm, Figure (3) : Element (3) 4 % My % 025 0216s -025 —02165]y «- 02165 0.75 -0.2165 -0.75 |y, 5 025 -02165 0.25 02165 |uy, j-0.2165 -0.75 0.2165 0.75 Jy ee ee ee 025 02165 -025 —02165)4 : cqeigif 02165 0.75 -02165 -05 |x, : Ui] ~ 8«104) “25 02165 0.25 0.2165 |v, -o216s -0.75 02165 0.75 |v, 4 om 2. 1m2 *-2 wivein agama es th 4gacnca [Mm Fe vot stteecasaagetl ily : ee eT DM Neha ae nord fi Na lent PUNY A Dy rece guage: —— i Mo MMe MM MND sso tea a Ss riot teow j NaN, ME MMS Nae] me = Mo PANN, MNy NF NNg ‘ NaN, Naa Nay | NZsQctober/November-2019 (Set-4) Question Papet with Solutions 8.61 — Now kt us nese ees kh rr "Now, let us integrate the each teams separately and substitute the fe -[[GJe]]« de G-ehee el j aaxt x6 4x art xt =) [8 tata porte |® ° v w L LP Pv O48 x7 xt ax xt = 44 th 3 4L 6b Sv na ee SPECTRUM ALLAIN-ONE JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTs SIA GROUP iS¢ ELEMENT METHODS [JNTU KAKINADAy, boleh tees 7 4,2 -[f-Fep-d$-32 2.7) 120 pom E sete friarae= Hh : Sat _ 6x) | 3x8 xt at eT | “lar se ert si ol 7octoderNovember-2019 (Set-4) Question Paper with Solutions S62 7 N,Nydx = 13.5 J a0 8 joe) lla 2 ar + Po ax*_ 2x6] = | 3-235 42 6 7D 3L SP 6L* |, 13.21.32], -13., - 6773'S 2). 0" 420 pone te) + fate oy ve @ ‘SIA GROUP IRNAL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS, SPECTRUM ALLAN-ONE JOU!Snnenmmnnnneinze ae x ee f 9 NNydx = — J 70! [5-3+3-4+3-4] 2 140 f =1 N,N dx = [rsa Ge ‘Substituting all these values in equation (1), we get, 13 ze Ian ios —/ —P 210 105 M=apA! 9 130, 70 420 bp ela 420 140 Consistent mass matrix of beam element, 156 22L 54 ~13L pal | 22 42 13h -30 Mn 979 | 54 13L 156-226 -13L -32 -22b 40 Lumped Mass Matrix for Beam Element Lumped mass matrix of any element ean be obtained by dividing total mass ofthe element equally between the twonodes- “Therefore lumped mass matrix for beam element is given by, 1000 paL]o 0 0 0 ioc io 0 170 0000