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Revise Paper 6

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52 views3 pages

Revise Paper 6

Uploaded by

nayli.mn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1 5

21 A
 student investigates the temperature change when aqueous sodium hydroxide neutralises dilute
hydrochloric acid. The equation for the reaction is shown.

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

The student does six experiments.

Experiment 1

●  ill a burette with dilute hydrochloric acid.


F
● Run some of the dilute hydrochloric acid out of the burette so that the level of the dilute
hydrochloric acid is on the burette scale.
● Fill a second burette with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
● Run some of the aqueous sodium hydroxide out of the burette so that the level of the aqueous
sodium hydroxide is on the burette scale.
● Run 1.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid from the burette into a boiling tube.
● Run 9.0 cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide from the second burette into the same boiling tube.
● Stir the mixture with a thermometer and measure the highest temperature reached.
● Measure the pH of the mixture in the boiling tube.
● Rinse out the boiling tube with distilled water.

Experiment 2

●  un 2.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid from the burette into the boiling tube.
R
● Run 8.0 cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide from the second burette into the same boiling tube.
● Stir the mixture with a thermometer and measure the highest temperature reached.
● Measure the pH of the mixture in the boiling tube.
● Rinse out the boiling tube with distilled water.

Experiment 3

●  epeat Experiment 2 using 3.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid and 7.0 cm3 of aqueous
R
sodium hydroxide.

Experiment 4

●  epeat Experiment 2 using 6.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid and 4.0 cm3 of aqueous
R
sodium hydroxide.

Experiment 5

●  epeat Experiment 2 using 7.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid and 3.0 cm3 of aqueous
R
sodium hydroxide.

Experiment 6

●  epeat Experiment 2 using 8.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid and 2.0 cm3 of aqueous
R
sodium hydroxide.

© UCLES 2023 0620/62/O/N/23 [Turn over


26

(a) Use the description of the experiments and the thermometer diagrams to complete Table 2.1.

Table 2.1

thermometer
volume of dilute volume of highest
diagram when
experiment hydrochloric aqueous sodium temperature pH
highest temperature
acid / cm3 hydroxide / cm3 reached / °C
reached

30

1 1.0 25 11

20

30

2 2.0 25 11

20

40

3 3.0 35 11

30

40

4 6.0 35 1

30

30

5 7.0 25 1

20

30

6 8.0 25 1

20

 [4]

© UCLES 2023 0620/62/O/N/23


73

(b) Add a suitable scale to the y-axis in Fig. 2.1. Your scale should extend by 2 °C above your
highest temperature in Table 2.1.
Plot your results from Experiments 1 to 6 on the grid.
Draw two straight lines through your points, one through the first three points and one through
the last three points. Extend your straight lines so that they cross.

highest
temperature
reached / C

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
volume of dilute hydrochloric acid / cm3

Fig. 2.1
 [5]

(c) T
 he point on the graph where the two straight lines cross is where all of the aqueous
sodium hydroxide reacts with all of the dilute hydrochloric acid to form a neutral solution.

(i) 
Use your graph in Fig. 2.1 to deduce the volume of dilute hydrochloric acid and the
volume of aqueous sodium hydroxide that react together to produce a neutral solution.
Show your working on Fig. 2.1.

 volume of dilute hydrochloric acid = .............................. cm3

 volume of aqueous sodium hydroxide = .............................. cm3


 [3]

(ii)  redict the pH of the solution in the boiling tube when the volumes in (c)(i) are mixed
P
together.

 pH = .............................. [1]

© UCLES 2023 0620/62/O/N/23 [Turn over

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