TUGAS 2 B.INGGRIS NIAGA

Exports and imports are routine activities carried out by various countries.
One reason is
because there are needs that cannot be met by the country. According to Apiaty Kamaluddin
in the book Business Administration (2017), exports are the activity of producing goods and
services domestically, then sending them to other countries. Meanwhile, imports are the
activity of bringing in goods from other countries. Export and import activities both provide
benefits to a country. For example, exports help expand domestic business activities, and
import activities help other countries meet people's needs. Quoting from the book
Indonesian Tuna Export Performance (2017) by Sri Hidayati, et al, the benefit of exports for a
country is increasing state income through foreign exchange. With increasing state income, it
is hoped that people's welfare will also change for the better.
Meanwhile, the benefit of imports for a country is to obtain goods, services or products that
cannot be produced in their own country, due to limited resources.
Export and import activities are very profitable for Indonesia. By exporting, the country's
foreign exchange will increase, economic and industrial activities will also develop widely,
and local business groups or companies have the opportunity to expand their market reach.
Meanwhile, by importing, Indonesia can meet the needs of the entire community, as well as
obtain goods or services that cannot be produced in Indonesia due to limited resources.
Apart from that, the policy to increase exports in the short term is carried out through 3
(three) things, namely:
1. Selection of Leading Export Commodities
Determine export-oriented leading sectors/commodities
A. IR 4.0 Priority Sectors: 1) Food and Beverage Industry, 2) Textiles and Textile
Products, 3) Electronics, 4) Automotive, and 5) Chemistry.
B. Non-IR sector 4.0: 1) Fishing Industry, 2) General Machinery, and 3) others (Wood
Products, Rubber, Furniture). Reducing Costs and Simplifying Export Procedures
2. Simplification of procedures to reduce costs and time is carried out by:

A. Reducing Commodities for which Surveyor Reports (LS) are Required
B. Reducing other export traffic (ET, TPP, SPE)
C. Facilitate the issuance of a Certificate of Origin/SKA (no need for legalization by the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
D. Logistics efficiency (online DO system, automotive export relaxation procedures,
and automotive centers)
3. Economic diplomacy and increasing market access

A. Diplomacy on the imposition of Free Trade Area (FTA) Preferential Tariffs
B. Completion maintains trade
C. increasing access to export markets (non-traditional markets)
D. Strengthening Market Intelligence abroad
Furthermore, for the medium and long term, the government will focus on
developing infrastructure and Human Resources (HR).
The following are examples of export and import activities that benefit Indonesia,
namely:
Examples of export activities that benefit Indonesia

Export activities that benefit Indonesia are:
- Export of plantation products

Indonesia has many plantations spread throughout almost all of its territory. For
example, oil palm, coffee and rubber plantations. Many of the products from this
plantation are exported to various countries in the world, such as Malaysia,
China, Japan, Germany, Canada, and so on.
- Export of marine products

Indonesia is famous for its rich marine resources. Shrimp are Indonesia's main
export commodity, for marine products. Many of these export commodities are
sent to Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, England, Spain, Germany, China and others.
- Export of textiles and textile products

Textiles and textile products are among the top 10 leading Indonesian export
products. This product is widely exported to England, Germany, Italy, Canada,
Spain, Japan, Australia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, South Korea, and many more.
Examples of import activities that benefit Indonesia

Import activities that benefit Indonesia, namely:
- Import of machinery and mechanical equipment

Machinery and mechanical equipment are Indonesia's main import commodities.
By importing these two commodities, people's needs will be met, and human
activities will run more smoothly.
- Import of pharmaceutical products

Pharmaceutical products include drugs, vitamins, and the like. Pharmaceutical
products are one of Indonesia's main imported commodities.
- Import of motor vehicles

Indonesia imports motorized vehicles, due to limited tools, spare parts,
technology and expert personnel. Motorized vehicles are also one of Indonesia's
main imported commodities.

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Exports and imports are routine activities carried out by various countries.

2. Simplification of procedures to reduce costs and time is carried out by:

3. Economic diplomacy and increasing market access

Examples of export activities that benefit Indonesia

- Export of plantation products

- Export of marine products

- Export of textiles and textile products

Examples of import activities that benefit Indonesia

- Import of machinery and mechanical equipment

- Import of pharmaceutical products

- Import of motor vehicles

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