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Cengel Chapter 5 Questions

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30 views3 pages

Cengel Chapter 5 Questions

Uploaded by

Richard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 5

5–1C Name four physical quantities that are conserved and two quantities that are not conserved
during a process.

5–2C Define mass and volume flow rates. How are they related to each other?

5–3C Does the amount of mass entering a control volume have to be equal to the amount of mass
leaving during an unsteady-flow process?

5–4C When is the flow through a control volume steady?

5–5C Consider a device with one inlet and one outlet. If the volume flow rates at the inlet and at
the outlet are the same, is the flow through this device necessarily steady? Why?

5–7 Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 kg/m3 and 40 m/s and leaves at 0.762 kg/m3 and 180
m/s. If the inlet area of the nozzle is 90 cm2, determine

(a) the mass flow rate through the nozzle, and

(b) the exit area of the nozzle. Answers: (a) 0.796 kg/s, (b) 58 cm2

5–25C How is a steady-flow system characterized?

5–26C Can a steady-flow system involve boundary work?

5–27C A diffuser is an adiabatic device that decreases the kinetic energy of the fluid by slowing
it down. What happens to this lost kinetic energy?

5–28C The kinetic energy of a fluid increases as it is accelerated in an adiabatic nozzle. Where
does this energy come from?

5–29C Is heat transfer to or from the fluid desirable as it flows through a nozzle? How will heat
transfer affect the fluid velocity at the nozzle exit?

5–30 Air enters an adiabatic nozzle steadily at 300 kPa, 200°C, and 30 m/s and leaves at 100 kPa
and 180 m/s. The inlet area of the nozzle is 80 cm2. Determine

(a) the mass flow rate through the nozzle,

(b) the exit temperature of the air, and


(c) the exit area of the nozzle. Answers: (a) 0.5304 kg/s, (b) 184.6°C, (c) 38.7 cm2

5–32 Steam at 5 MPa and 400°C enters a nozzle steadily with a velocity of 80 m/s, and it leaves
at 2 MPa and 300°C. The inlet area of the nozzle is 50 cm2, and heat is being lost at a rate of 120
kJ/s. Determine

(a) the mass flow rate of the steam,

(b) the exit velocity of the steam, and

(c) the exit area of the nozzle.

5–35 Air at 600 kPa and 500 K enters an adiabatic nozzle that has an inlet-to-exit area ratio of 2:1
with a velocity of 120 m/s and leaves with a velocity of 380 m/s. Determine

(a) the exit temperature and

(b) the exit pressure of the air. Answers: (a) 436.5 K, (b) 330.8 kPa

5–44 Steam enters a nozzle at 400°C and 800 kPa with a velocity of 10 m/s, and leaves at 300°C
and 200 kPa while losing heat at a rate of 25 kW. For an inlet area of 800 cm2, determine the
velocity and the volume flow rate of the steam at the nozzle exit. Answers: 606 m/s, 2.74 m3/s

5–45C Consider an adiabatic turbine operating steadily. Does the work output of the turbine have
to be equal to the decrease in the energy of the steam flowing through it?

5–46C Consider an air compressor operating steadily. How would you compare the volume flow
rates of the air at the compressor inlet and exit?
5–47C Will the temperature of air rise as it is compressed by an adiabatic compressor? Why?

5–48C Somebody proposes the following system to cool a house in the summer: Compress the
regular outdoor air, let it cool back to the outdoor temperature, pass it through a turbine, and
discharge the cold air leaving the turbine into the house. From a thermodynamic point of view, is
the proposed system sound?

5–49 Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The inlet conditions of the steam are 10
MPa, 450°C, and 80 m/s, and the exit conditions are 10 kPa, 92 percent quality, and 50 m/s. The
mass flow rate of the steam is 12 kg/s. Determine (a) the change in kinetic energy, (b) the power
output, and (c) the turbine inlet area. Answers: (a) -1.95 kJ/kg, (b) 10.2 MW, (c) 0.00447 m2

5–51 Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and leaves at 10 kPa with a quality
of 90 percent. Neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energies, determine the mass flow
rate required for a power output of 5 MW. Answer: 4.852 kg/s

5–53 Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500°C at a rate of 3 kg/s and leaves at 20
kPa. If the power output of the turbine is 2.5 MW, determine the temperature of the steam at the
turbine exit. Neglect kinetic energy changes. Answer: 60.1°C

5–62C Why are throttling devices commonly used in refrigeration and air-conditio ning
applications?

5–63C During a throttling process, the temperature of a fluid drops from 30 to -20°C. Can this
process occur adiabatically?

5–64C Would you expect the temperature of air to drop as it undergoes a steady-flow throttling
process? Explain.

5–65C Would you expect the temperature of a liquid to change as it is throttled? Explain.

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