AGP: Arithmetic and Geometric Progression: A D N N
AGP: Arithmetic and Geometric Progression: A D N N
(A.P.) Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of A.P..
If a , M and b are three consecutive terms in A.P., then M is called the arithmetic mean.
𝒂+𝒃
The arithmetic mean= 𝟐
e.g. If 2, M, 8 are three consecutive terms in A.P., find the arithmetic mean M.
Arithmetic mean M = ____________
(G.P.) Let a be the first term and R be the common ratio of G.P..
If a , g and b are three consecutive terms in G.P., then g is called the geometric mean.
6. For the series …………,a,b,c,0,2,2,4,6,10,…………….., each term is the sum of the two term of its
left hand side, find a = ___________
A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4 E. None of them
8 For each of the following arithmetic series, find the value of m such that the sum of the first m terms is equal
to the sum stated.
(a) 5 + 9 + 13 +…, S(m) = 1034 (b) 20 + 14 + 8 +…, S(m) = –400
8. The sum of the first 10 terms of an arithmetic sequence is 425. If the sum of the 8th term and the 9th term is
127, find
(a) the first term and the common difference of the sequence,
(b) the sum of the first 30 terms of the sequence.
11. Find the sum of all the positive terms of the arithmetic sequence 53, 49, 45, …
𝐄𝐱 𝐀𝐆𝐏𝟏
1. 24 , – 12 , 6 , …………… The 6th term is ___________________________________________
3. In a G.P. , the 5th term is 48, and 8th term is – 384 , find the common ratio:_____
A. –3 B. –2 C. 2 D. 3 E None of them
10
𝐷. 𝑛 + (10𝑛 − 1) 𝐸. 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚
9
1 1
6. Find the value of the constant c if ∑∞
𝑛=1(3 − 𝑐 )
−𝑛
= 3−𝑐 + (3−𝑐)2 + ⋯ … … … . . = 4
7. In a G.P. , the sum of the fourth term and fifth term is 24, the sum of the first and second term is – 3,
what is the first term and the common ratio
3 9 27
8. Let S(n) be the sum of the first n terms of the geometric sequence , , ,...
4 4 4
(a) Express S(n) in terms of n.
(b) Find the sum from the 4th term to the 10th term.
10. (a) Find the sum to infinity of the geometric sequence x, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 ,... (where 0 x 1 ) in terms of
x.
7
(b) If the sum to infinity of the sequence in (a) is , find the value of x.
8
11. Consider the geometric sequence 2, 6a, 18a 2 , ... , where a is a constant.
(a) Find the common ratio of the sequence in terms of a.
(b) Find the range of values of a such that the sum to infinity of the sequence exists.
1 1 1
12. (a) Find the sum to infinity of the geometric sequence 3, , , ,
3 27 243
(b) Hence, find the sum to infinity of each of the following geometric sequences.
1 1 1 2 2 2
(i) 3, , , , (ii) 6, , , ,
3 27 243 3 27 243
13. Let S(n) be the sum of the first n terms of a geometric sequence. It is given that
S(1) = –2 and S(2) = 1.
(a) Find S(n).
(b) Find the sum from the 4th term to the 8th term.
14. It is given that the sum of the first k terms of the geometric series 16 24 36 ... is greater than 640. Find
the minimum value of k.
16. The heights of 8 students form an A.P. , the average height of the 4 tallest students is 1.70m while the
average height of the 2 shortest students is 1.40m, find average height of the other two students.
17. One day David borrowed $65 from Tom. David returned $32 to Tom the next day. And for the
following consequence every day, David would return half of the money in the pervious day(i.e. on
the second day, David returned $16 and on the third day, David returned $8, …)
(a) Find how much would David owe after 7 days
(b) Can David return all money which he borrowed from Tom
Ex AGP2
1. Consider the sequence 3,9,27,81….. If the sum of the first 2n terms is 10 times the sum of the first n
terms, find the possible values(s) of n. Ans. 2
2. a,b,c,d are 4 consecutive terms of a geometric sequence. Which of the following must be true?
𝑑 𝑐
A. b2=ac B. b/a = d/c C. = (𝑏 )3 Ans. A, B and C
𝑎
3. The sum of the integers between 1 and 300 which are divisible by 7 is ___ Ans. 6321
4. If the first term in a geometric sequence is 7, and the third term is 63, what is the ninth term?
(IFT 2014/2015) Ans. 45927
5. The population of a certain town increase by 50 percent every 50 years. If the population in 1950 was
810, in what year was the population 160? (IFT 2014/2015) Ans. 1750
6. If a8=4 and a12 = – 2, The first term of this arithmetic sequence is ____ (IFT 2013/2014) Ans. 29/2
7. In a geometric sequence, all numbers are positive. Any term of the sequence is always equal to the
√5−1
sum of the next two terms. Determine the value of the common ratio. (IFT 2013/2014) Ans. 2
8. If a1=3 and an=n + an-1, the sum of the first five terms is _____ (IFT 2012/2013) Ans. 45
9. Consider an arithmetic sequence 110,116,122,128,……. How many terms between 450 and 600 are
there in the sequence? (IFT 2012/2013) Ans. 25
10. In an arithmetic progression {a n}, a2+a4=p , a3+a5=q. Find the sum of the first 6 terms.
(IFT 2011/2012) Ans. 3(p+q)/2
11. The sum of the first 25 terms of an arithmetic sequence is 1400 and the 25 th term is 104. If the first
term of the sequence is a1 and the second term is a2, what is the value of a2 – a1?
(IFT 2011/2012) Ans. 4
12. If all the terms of a geometric sequence are positive, the first term of the sequence is 2, and the third
term is 8, how many digits are there in the 40th term? (IFT 2011/2012) Ans. 13
13. In an arithmetic sequence, the ratio of the third term to the fourth term is 4:5. Find the ratio of the sum
of the first three terms to the sum of the first four terms. (IFT 2012/2013) Ans. S(3):S(4)=9:14
14. Mary lent $129 to Peter. The next day Peter returned $64 to Mary, and on each subsequent day Peter
returned half the amount he returned to Mary the previous day. i.e on the second day he returned $32
and then $6 and so on.
(A) After ten days, how much did Peter still owe Mary? (a) Ans 1.125
(B) Can Peter repay the debt ever? Explain. (IFT 2013/2014) (b) Ans. Peter can never repay the debt
15. The sum of the first n terms of the sequence 11, 101,1001,10001, is _______
10 11 10
(A) 1 + (10𝑛 − 1) (B) 1 + (10𝑛 − 1) (c) 𝑛 + (10𝑛 − 1)
9 9 9
11
(D) 𝑛 + (10𝑛 − 1) (E) None of the above (IFT 2011/2012) Ans. C
9
18. The sum of the 4th term and the 5th term of a geometric sequence is – 4. If the sum of the first two
terms is 32, find the first term of the sequence. (IFT 2010/2011) Ans. 64
19. If log x, log y, log z are in arithmetic sequence.
I. x, y, z are in arithmetic sequence
II. x, y, z are all integers.
III. x, y, z are in geometric sequence. (IFT 2010/2011) Ans. III only
20. If x,y, z are in geometric sequence, which of the following is/are also in geometric sequence?
I. (x+2), (y+2), (z+2)
II. 2x, 2y, 2z
III. log x , log y , log z (IFT 2009/2010) Ans. II only
21. The sum of the first three terms of a geometric sequence is 26 and the first term of the sequence is 2.
Find the possible values of the common ratio? (IFT 2008/2009) Ans ( – 4 or 3)
22. How many term are there in the geometric sequence 6561, 4371, 2916, ……256
(IFT 2007/2008) Ans: 9
23. The heights of ten boys form an arithmetic sequence. If the average height of the five tallest boys is
1.68m and that of the three shortest boys is 1.32m, the average height of the remaining two boys is?
(IFT 2007/2008) Ans: 1.44
24. Four numbers ae in arithmetic sequence and their sum is 82. The 4 th term is greater than the 2nd term
by 14. The first term is ? (IFT 2006/2007) Ans: 10
25. In a geometric sequence, the 3rd term is 1 and 8th term is –1/32. The first term is?
(IFT 2006/2007) Ans. 4
26. The first and third term of an arithmetic sequence have a sum of 22. The fifth term is 1 less than the
triple of the second term. Find the fifth term. (IFT 2005/2006) Ans: 32
27. If 1=1, 3+5=8=23, 7+9+11=27=33, ……. , if 103 = a1 + a2 + …………. a10 , where a1< a2<
a3<……………………< a10, then a10=_______ (TW 2013)
28. The ratio of two arithmetic sequences (An and Bn )is (2n+3) to (6n+4), then what is the ratio of A11 to
B11 in both arithmetic sequences. (TW 2012)
29. If the sum of the first n terms of the arithmetic series 22,18,14,….equals 64, find n.
(UM 2004/2005) Ans: 4 or 8
30. The nth term of the geometric sequence 6,3, 3/2,3/4, …… is
1 3 3 1 3
(A) 3(2𝑛−1 ) (B) (c) (D) (E) . (UM 2005/2006) Ans. E
2𝑛−1 2𝑛 3(2𝑛−2) 2𝑛−2
31. If a, b, c are three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence, which of the following must be true?
a+3, b+3,c+3 are three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence
I. 3a,3b,3c are three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence
II. log a, log b, log c are three consecutive terms of a geometric sequence.
(UM 2005/2006) Ans. I and II only
32. p,q,r,s are four consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence. If p+q=13 and r+s=25, find the common
difference. (UM 2006/2007) Ans: 3
33. An arithmetic progression has 201 terms a1,a2,a3,………a201. Their sum is 0 and a181=92. Which of the
following is/are correct?
I. a1+a201>0 II. a2+a200<0 III a3+a199=0
III. a101=32 V. a22<0
(UM 2006/2007) Ans: III and V only
34. If the 4th term of a geometric progression is a and the 8th term is b, then the first term is
1 3 7 3 7 3 1 3
(A) 𝑎4 𝑏 4 (B) b (C) 𝑎4 𝑏4 (D) 𝑎4 𝑏−4 (E) 𝑎4 𝑏−4 (UM 2006/2007) Ans: D
35. If 2,w,x,6,y,z are six consecutive terms of a geometric sequence, then yz= ____?
(UM 2008/2009) Ans: 108
36. An arithmetic series is such that its first term is a and its third term is b. Let the sum of its first n terms
be denoted by Sn. Given that S4, S5 , S7 are consecutive terms of a geometric series, then
(A) 28a2 = 25b2 (B) 16a2 = 7b2 (C) 11a2 = 10b2 (D) 7a2 = 13b2 (E) 28a = 25b
(UM 2009/2010) Ans: D
37. In the sequence ………..a,b,c,d,0,1,1,2,3,5,8,………… each term is the sum of the previous two
terms to its left. Find a. (UM 2010/2011) Ans: –3
38. If the sum to infinity of the series k+k2+k3+ ….. is 1/2, find k. (UM 2010/2011) Ans: 1/3
39. Which of the following is/are geometric sequence(s)? (UM 2011/2012) Ans: (I&II)
7 5 3
(i) x ,x ,x ,x,……….
(ii) sin 90∘, sin 270∘, sin 450∘,sin 630∘……
(iii) 1 , 1.1 , 1.11 , 1.111 , ……………..
40. A sequence has general term 3n+3 (n=1,2,3………). Which of the following is/are true?
(i) Every term of the sequence is divisible by 3
(ii) Every term of the sequence is positive.
(iii) The 1000th term of the sequence is greater than 1000. (UM 2010/2011) Ans: I,II and III
41. The 1000th term of the arithmetic sequence 1,3,5,7,….. is ? (UM 2011/2012) Ans: 1999
42. Given that a,b,c,d,e,f is an arithmetic sequence. If a+d=13, c+e=22, find the sum of the terms in this
sequence. (UM 2012/2013) Ans: 57
43. The nth term of the geometric sequence 6,3, 3/2,3/4, is ….
3 3 3 1 1
(A) 2𝑛−2 (B) (c) (D) (E) (UM 2013/2014) Ans: A
2𝑛−1 2𝑛 3(2𝑛−2) 3(2𝑛−1 )
𝑛
44. Given S= 2 [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 ], 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎 = (UM 2014/2015) Ans: B
𝑆 𝑑 𝑛𝑑 𝑆 𝑑 𝑛𝑑 𝑆 𝑑
(A) 𝑛 − 2 + (𝐵 ) + − (c) −2−𝑛+1
2 𝑛 2 2 𝑛
2𝑆 𝑑 2𝑆 𝑑
(𝐷 ) − 2 − 𝑛𝑑 (E) + 2 + 𝑛𝑑
𝑛 𝑛
45. Find the sum o all positive even integers less than 1000. (IFT 2013/2014) Ans. 249500
Ex AGP 3
1. Set 1 No 9
Let a and b be positive numbers. If a, – 3, b form a geometric sequence and –3, b, a form an arithmetic
sequence, find the sum to infinity of the geometric sequence a, –3, b, ……….
9 15
D. E.
A. 4 B. 6 C. 12 2 2
2. Set 4 Long No 3
3. Set 6 MC10
4. Set 6 Long 4
5. Set 7 Long 5
6. Set 8 MC 15
9. 2018 MC 10 (JM)
geometric sequence,Sn is the sum of n terms in {an}.(a) Find the general term in {an}
1 1009
(b) If bn S 2 and 𝑇𝑛 is the sum of n terms in {bn}, find the maximum value of n if Tn
n 2021
2. Given that and {an} is the geometric sequence with positive terms. If a50 =1, find
the value of .
1
3. Given that {an } is a sequence and a1 1, an1 3an 1(n N * ) . Prove that {an } is a geometric
2
4. Given that an is an arithmetic sequence and a2 5 , the sum of first four terms S4 28 .
(a) Find the general term of an . (b) If cn 2n an , find the sum of n terms Tn for the sequence cn .
an1 1
5. Given that {an } is a sequence and a1 1 , an an 1 . Find the general term of an
sequence {𝑏𝑛 } . (a) Find Tn (b) Find the positive values of m and n (1<m<n) if T1, Tm and Tn are three
consecutive terms in a geometric sequence.
9. Given that 𝑆𝑛 is the sum of n terms in a sequence {𝑎𝑛 } and Sn = n2. There is another sequence {𝑏𝑛 }
2
and Tn is the sum of n terms of {𝑏𝑛 } such that 𝑇𝑛 = (√3)𝑛 +𝑛
(a) Find the general term of {𝑎𝑛 } and {𝑏𝑛 }
(b) Tn is the sum of n terms of the sequence {𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑛 }. Find Tn
10. Given that the value of each term in a geometric sequence {𝑎𝑛 } is positive and 2a5, a4 and 4a6 are
three consecutive terms in an arithmetic sequence with a4 = 4𝑎32 . There is another sequence {𝑏𝑛 }
(𝑛+1)
such that 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑏𝑛 , 𝑛 ∈ 𝑧 + 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏1 = 1.
2
5 1
prove that ≤ 𝐴𝑛 < 4
36
Name:________________________ No:________________
1. Given {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is an A.P. 𝑎2 = 𝑎8 𝑎10 and 𝑎7 = 𝑎4 + 𝑎14 where 𝑎1 ≠ 𝑎2
(a) Find 𝑎𝑛
(b) If Sn is the sum of n terms, find the maximum value of S n
2. Given {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is an A.P. , the sum of first three terms is 48 and the sum of first five terms is 125.
(a) Find the general term 𝑎𝑛
(b) If bn+1 – bn = an and b1 = 1 , find bn
3
3. Given {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is an A.P. , and the common difference is negative and a1 = 16. If 2 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 + 1, 𝑎3 are three
consecutive terms in G.P.
(a) Find an (c) If |𝑎1 | + |𝑎2 | + |𝑎3 | + ⋯ . . |𝑎𝑛 | 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑛.
1
(b) Find ∑𝑛𝑟=2 𝑏𝑛 where 𝑏𝑛 = 𝑎 𝑎
𝑛+2 𝑛+3
6. Given that the sum of x1 and x2 is the 50th term of the A.P. −5, −3, −1,1 … …. Find the values of x1 and
x2 .
1 1
7. Given that the product of x1 and x2 is the 10th term of the G.P. −3,6, −12,24 ….. If 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 are the
1 𝑥2
roots of a quadratic equations, find the equation of this equation.
8. (a) Given that {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is an A.P. with d=3 and 𝑆100 = 200. n ∈ 𝑧 +
Find 𝑎1 + 𝑎3 + 𝑎5 + ⋯ … . . 𝑎99
𝑛(𝑎 +𝑎 )
(b ) Prove 𝑆𝑛 = 12 𝑛 by the principle of Mathematical Induction for n ∈ 𝑧 +
10. Given that {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is a G.P. and the common ratio is greater than 1. If 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎3 = 26 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3 =
216
(a) Find the general term 𝑎𝑛
(b) Hence find 𝑎12 + 𝑎22 + 𝑎32 + ⋯ … . . 𝑎𝑛2 n ∈ 𝑧 +
11. Given that {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is a G.P. and the common ratio is greater than 1. 𝑎3 𝑎6 = 18 and 𝑎4 +𝑎5 = 9
(a) Find {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1
(b ) Find 𝑇𝑛 = 𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3 … … . 𝑎𝑛 n ∈ 𝑧+
12. Given that the series {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 n ∈ 𝑧 +
𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎3 + ⋯ … . 𝑎𝑛 = 3𝑛 − 1, find 𝑎13 + 𝑎23 + 𝑎33 + ⋯ … . . 𝑎𝑛3
13.
14. Given {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is an Arithmetic Progression and the common difference is negative and a 1 = 16. If
3
𝑎 , 𝑎 + 1, 𝑎3 are three consecutive terms in G.P.
2 1 2
(c) Find an
1
(d) Find ∑𝑛𝑟=3 𝑏𝑛 where 𝑏𝑛 = 𝑎 𝑎
𝑛+3 𝑛+4
(e) 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎4 + 𝑎7 + 𝑎10 + ⋯ … . . 𝑎298
16. Given {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1 is a geometric progression and the common ratio is positive. (8)
If 2(𝑎2 + 𝑎1 ) = 𝑎3 − 1, 𝑎2 = 3
(a) Find the general term {𝑎𝑛 }𝑛≥1
1 1
(b) If 𝑏𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑎𝑛+1 , find 𝑏𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∑𝑛+2
𝑟=2 (𝑏 − 𝑏 ) in terms of n.
7+𝑟 6+𝑟