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Basic Grammar Lessons 1-25

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Basic Grammar Lessons 1-25

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Kong Rady

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Basic Grammar

1) Prepositions 1
2) Singular and plural noun
3) Some and any
4) Prepositions 2
5) Present simple
6) Countable and uncountable nouns
7) Mixed grammar
8) Prepositions 3
9) First conditional
10) Pronouns
11) Mixed grammar
12) Present continuous
13) Past simple
14) Have/have got
15) Modal auxiliary verbs (1)
16) Adjectives and adverbs
17) Past continuous tense
18) Second conditional
19) Present perfect simple
20) Past perfect simple
21) Future simple
22) Adjective comparisons
23) Third conditional
24) Infinitive and gerund
25) Participles(present-ing, past-ed)

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Basic Grammar

A: Words + Prepositions

1) Die of/from(v): ស្លលប់ដោយស្លរអ្វីមយ

ួ

2) Thank sb for doing sth(v): អ្រគុណនរណាម្ននក់ដោយដគបានដធវអ្

ើ មវី យ
ួ សំ រាប់ដយង
ើ
3) Forgive sb for doing sth(v): អ្ភ័យដោសនរណាម្ននក់

4) Apologize to sb for sth/doing sth(v): សុំ ដោសនរណាម្ននក់

5) Blame sb for sth/doing sth(v): បដទទសនរណាម្ននក់

6) Blame sth on sb(v): បដទទសនរណាម្ននក់

7) Arrest sb for doing sth(v): ចាប់ខ្ួ នណារម្ន

ល ន ក់

8) Rely on sth/sb(v): ពង
ឹ ពាក់នរណាម្ននក់ ឬអ្វម
ី យ
ួ

9) Compliment sb on sth/doing sth(v): សរដសើរនរណាម្ននក់

10) Search somewhere for sth/sb(v): រកអ្វម

ី យ
ួ ឬនរម្ននក់ដៅកន្នលងណាមួយ

11) Throw sth at sb(angry) (v): គប់អ្វីមយ

ួ ោក់នរណាម្ននក់

12) Throw sth to sb(hand in) (v): ហុច ឬដបាោះអ្វម

ី យ
ួ ឲ្យនរណាម្ននក់

13) Praise sb for sth/doing sth(v): សរដសើរនរណាម្ននក់

14) Jealous of sb(v): របច័ណឌនរណាម្ននក់

15) At fault: ម្ននកំហុស

16) In advance: ជាមុន

17) On purpose: ម្ននបំណង ឬម្ននដចតទ

18) By chance: ដោយចចដនយ

B: Study the following examples.

Examples
She died of/from hunger/cancer/a heart attack/her injuries.
He thanked me for taking him home.
I don't think she's ever quite forgiven me for hitting her.
I must apologize to my teacher for my lateness.
You can't really blame Helen for not want ing to get involved.
Dara blames his lack of confidence on his mother.
The police arrested her for drinking and driving.
My friends rely on me because I am an honest man.
I must compliment you on your handling of a tough situation.
The police searched the woods for the missing boy.
He throws a big stone at me. It really hurts me.
Please throw the book to me. I really need it.

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Basic Grammar

He should be praised for his honesty.

He had always been very jealous of his brother's good looks.
Her doctor was at fault for/in curing her carefully.
If you're going to come, please let me know in advance.
I didn‘t do it on purpose – it was an accident.
I got this job completely by chance.

Practice 1
A: Fill in the correct preposition to the following sentences.
1) She died ________ hunger/cancer/a heart attack/her injuries.
2) He thanked me ________ taking him home.
3) I don't think she's ever quite forgiven me ________ hitting her.
4) I must apologize ________ my teacher for my lateness.
5) You can't really blame Helen ________ not wanting to get involved.
6) Dara blames his lack of confidence ________ his mother.
7) The police arrested her ________ drinking and driving.
8) My friends rely ________ me because I am an honest man.
9) I must compliment you ________ your handling of a tough situation.
10) The police searched the woods ______ the missing boy.
11) He throws a big stone ________ me. It really hurts me.
12) Please throw the book ______ me. I really need it.
13) He should be praised _____ his honesty.
14) He had always been very jealous ______ his brother's good looks.
15) Her doctor was ______ fault for/in curing her carefully.
16) If you're going to come, please let me know ______ advance.
17) I didn‘t do it ______ purpose – it was an accident.
18) I got this job completely ______ chance.

Practice 2
A: Use the following words to create one sentence.

1) Die of/from(v):

2) Thank sb for doing sth(v):

3) Forgive sb for doing sth(v):

4) Apologize to sb for sth/doing sth(v):

5) Blame sb for sth/doing sth(v):

6) Blame sth on sb(v):

7) Arrest sb for doing sth(v):

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Basic Grammar

8) Rely on sth/sb(v):

9) Compliment sb on sth/doing sth(v):

10) Search somewhere for sth/sb(v):

11) Throw sth at sb(angry) (v):

12) Throw sth to sb(hand in) (v):

13) Praise sb for sth/doing sth(v):

14) Jealous of sb(v):

15) At fault:

16) In advance:

17) On purpose:

18) By chance:

Practice 3

A: Choose the correct option A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences.

1. She died ________________a heart attack. 6. They arrested her _______stealing my money.
A) about B) of A) for B) of
C) to D) on C) about D) by

2. Thank you helping me. 7. She relies us.

A) about B) for A) to B) to
C) of D) by C) with D) on

3. They didn‘t forgive me ______blaming them. 8. They decided not to compliment us

A) about B) of ________________our passing the exam.
C) for D) on A) on B) for
C) about D) of
4. They apologized to me _______ignoring me.
A) about B) for 9. We searched the room _________the car key.
C) of D) by A) for B) about
C) of D) by
5. She blamed me ________________being late.
A) about B) for 10. They were very angry, so they threw a stone
C) on D) of ________________us.
A) to B) at

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Basic Grammar

C) of D) on 14. You are not ______________fault.

A) by B) with
11. She shouted ―Catch!‖ and threw the keys C) in D) at
________________me from the window.
A) from B) to 15. Can you tell me ______________ advance?
C) at D) of A) by B) on
C) in D) for
12. She praised me __________studying hard.
A) about B) of 16. I did not break the window ________purpose.
C) on D) for A) by B) with
C) on D) in
13. She is jealous ______________ her sister.
A) with B) to 17. I found the book ______________chance.
C) of D) about A) in B) with
C) by D) on

Practice 4
A: Write a paragraph by using all words + prepositions you‟ve just learnt.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Basic Grammar

Singular and Plural Noun

Part One:

1) Singular 1(one)
2) Plural 2 (two up)

 Singular noun noun + s/es/ies

Example: Book a books

Watch a watches

 Plural noun(+s/es/ies)

Part Two: How to form plural noun

1) Noun + s
Example:
 Dog dogs
 Cat cats
 Book books

2) s/ss/sh/ch/o/x/z + es
 Noun ending in s, sh, ch, o, x, z form the plural by adding es to the singular.

Singular Plural
 Class Classes
 Dish Dishes
 Watch Watches
 Tomato Tomatoes
 Box Boxes
 Buzz Buzzes

3) Y Y + ies
 Story stories
 Country countries
 Study studies
 Dictionary dictionaries

4) Vowel(A, E, I, O, U) + Y +s
 Play Plays
 Toy Toys

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Basic Grammar

Note1:
Foreign origin Abbreviated word Two vowels
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
ghetto ghettos Photo Photos Zoo Zoos
solo solos Memo Memos Bamboo Bamboos
kimono kimonos Kilo Kilos Video Videos
soprano sopranos Auto autos Tattoo Tattoos
logo logos Studio Studios

Note2:
Singular Plural
Index Indexes/ Indices
Appendix Appendixes/ Appendices
Matrix Matrices/Matrixes

Note 3:
Singular Plural
Memento mementos/mementoes
Mosquito mosquitos/mosquitoes
Tornado tornados/tornadoes
Volcano volcanos/volcanoes
Zero zeros/zeroes

5) F/Fe------------- Ves
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
 Wife Wives  Thief Thieves  Wolf Wolves
 Calf Calves  Shelf Shelves  Sheaf Sheaves
 Half Halves  Leaf Leaves  Life Lives
 Self Selves  Loaf Loaves  Knife Knives

Exception One Exception Two

Singular Plural Singular Plural
 Roof Roofs  Hoof hoofs/hooves
 Safe Safes  Wharf wharfs/wharves
 Gulf Gulfs  Scarf scarfs/scarves
 Proof Proofs
 Chef Chefs
 Cliff Cliffs
 Belief Beliefs
 Chief Chiefs
 Relief Reliefs

6) Irregular plural nouns(change)

Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Child Children Man Men Woman Women Louse lice
Mouse Mice Foot Feet Goose Geese Ox oxen
Person People

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Basic Grammar

7) Irregular plural nouns(No change)

Singular Plural
Deer deer
Fish fish
Shrimp shrimp
Sheep sheep
Offspring offspring
Series series
Means means
Species species
Staff staff
Swine swine
Moose moose
Aircraft aircraft

8) Special Note One

Noun + preposition
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Looker-on Lookers-on Man driver Men drivers
Mother-in-law Mothers-in-law
Sister-in-law Sisters-in-law Secretary-general Secretaries-general
Passer-by Passers-by Secretary-generals

Attorney-general Attorneys-general
Attorney-generals

9) Special Note Two

Us I On a Um a
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
 Cactus Cacti Criterion criteria Datum Data
 Fungus Fungi Phenomenon phenomena Bacterium Bacteria
 Syllabus Syllabi Automaton automata Memorandum memoranda
 Radius Radii Medium media
Curriculum curricula
Is  es A______+ e
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Crisis crises Formula formulae
Analysis analyses Vertebra vertebrae
Thesis theses Alga algae
Emphasis emphases
Basis bases

 Some nouns have the plural form only.

Scissors, pincers, spectacles, trousers, bellows, drawers, breeches…..ect.

 The following plural forms are commonly used in singular.

Mathematics, physics, mechanics, politics, news, mumps………….etc.

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Basic Grammar

Pluralize the following words.

1 Activity _____________ Answer _____________ Article _____________
2 Bar _____________ Bicycle _____________ Bird _____________
3 Birthday _____________ Body _____________ Book _____________
4 Box _____________ Boy _____________ Brush _____________
5 Car _____________ Card _____________ Cat _____________
6 Child _____________ City _____________ Class _____________
7 Clock _____________ Computer _____________ Country _____________
8 Crash _____________ Dad _____________ Dash _____________
9 Day _____________ Dictionary _____________ Dog _____________
10 Deer _____________ Goose _____________ Ox _____________
11 Dictionary _____________ Quiz _____________ Fox _____________
12 Ear _____________ Elephant _____________ Eye _____________
13 Father _____________ Feeling _____________ Fish _____________
14 Flute _____________ Fox _____________ Friend _____________
15 Ghetto _____________ Kimono _____________ Photo _____________
16 Gift _____________ Glass _____________ Hall _____________
17 Hamburger _____________ Hour _____________ House _____________
18 Husband _____________ Idea _____________ Key _____________
19 Index _____________ Appendix _____________ Matrix _____________
20 Memo _____________ Solo _____________ Kilo _____________
21 Month _____________ Mother _____________ Mouse _____________
22 Nationality _____________ Night _____________ Occasion _____________
23 Painter _____________ Party _____________ Person _____________
24 Person _____________ Mosquito _____________ Potato _____________
25 Picture _____________ Play _____________ Present _____________
26 Question _____________ Sandwich _____________ Season _____________
27 Sheep _____________ Song _____________ Tray _____________
28 Tomato _____________ Language _____________ Man _____________
29 Type _____________ Vet _____________ Watch _____________
30 Way _____________ Weekend _____________ Woman _____________
31 World _____________ Zebra _____________ King _____________
32 Zoo _____________ Bamboo _____________ Video _____________

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Basic Grammar

PLURAL NOUNS

A: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Bank 2. House

3. Hat ______________ 4. Table ______________
5. Church ______________ 6. Quiz ______________
7. Potato ______________ 8. Bus ______________
9. Brush ______________ 10. Baby ______________

B: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Dog 2. Lady

3. Guy ______________ 4. Day ______________
5. Donkey ______________ 6. Fan ______________
7. Bus ______________ 8. Fly ______________
9. Country ______________ 12. Goose ______________

C: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Mouse 2. Cooker

3. Toothbrush ______________ 4. Tooth ______________
5. Ox ______________ 6. Louse ______________
7. Book ______________ 8. Man ______________
9. Foot ______________ 10. Child ______________

D: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Keyboard 2. Pencil

3. Ox ______________ 4. Child ______________
5. Woman ______________ 6. Shirt ______________
7. Watch ______________ 8. Computer ______________
9. Marker ______________ 10. Louse ______________
E: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.
1. Bottle ______________ 2. Dictionary ______________
3. Noun ______________ 4. Child ______________
5. Series ______________ 6. Deer ______________
7. Box ______________ 8. Shrimp ______________
9. Sheep ______________ 10. Fish ______________

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F: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Offspring ______________ 2. Roof ______________
3. Criterion ______________ 4. Belief ______________
5. Species ______________ 6. Cliff ______________
7. Floor ______________ 8. Chief ______________
9. Shrimp ______________ 10. Example ______________

G: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Deer ______________ 2. Friend ______________
3. Species ______________ 4. Tooth ______________
5. Fly ______________ 6. Verb ______________
7. Louse ______________ 8. Roof ______________
9. Iron ______________ 10. Chair ______________

H: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Foot ______________ 2. Quiz ______________
3. Toilet ______________ 4. Desk ______________
5. Hotel ______________ 6. Church ______________
7. Adjective ______________ 8. Agent ______________
9. Guest ______________ 10. Boy ______________

I. Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Offspring 2. Fish

3. Sheep ______________ 4. Means ______________
5. Shrimp ______________ 6. Pen ______________
7. File ______________ 8. Towel ______________
9. Folder ______________ 10. Print ______________

PLURAL NOUNS

A: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Tray 2. Jug

3. Cactus ______________ 4. Fungus ______________
5. Species ______________ 6. Deer ______________
7. Fish ______________ 8. Radius ______________
9. Stimulus ______________ 10. Formula ______________
B: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

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1. Sheep 2. Syllabus

3. Curriculum ______________ 4. Means ______________
5. Crisis ______________ 6. Datum ______________
7. Sister-in – law ______________ 8. Medium ______________
9. Basis ______________ 10. Man Driver ______________

C: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Parenthesis 2. Erratum

3. Medium ______________ 4. Memorandum ______________
5. Hypothesis ______________ 6. Thesis ______________
7. Oasis ______________ 8. Bacterium ______________
9. Analysis ______________ 10. Field ______________

D: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Sheep 2. Fish

3. Nucleus ______________ 4. Roof ______________
5. Adjective ______________ 6. Origin ______________
7. Word ______________ 8. Key ______________
9. Foot ______________ 10. Tooth ______________

E. Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1) Child 19) Phenomenon
2) Zero 20) Stimulus
3) Mouse 21) Offspring
4) Monkey 22) Bacterium
5) Industry 23) Soprano
6) Woman 24) Formula
7) Fox 25) Vertebra
8) Goose 26) Alga
9) Sheep 27) Auto
10) Series 28) Tattoo
11) Belief 29) Studio
12) Leaf 30) Memento
13) Shelf 31) Mosquito
14) Echo 32) Tornado
15) Photo 33) Volcano
16) Analysis
17) Hypothesis
18) Curriculum

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Basic Grammar

PLURAL NOUNS
Write the rules of Pluralizing NOUNS.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Basic Grammar

Full name:_______________ Surprising Quiz Total Marks:_/

Put the following nouns in the plural.

Singular Plural Singular Plural
1. Aircraft 2. Lady
3. Alumnus 4. Series
5. Bacillus 6. Basis
7. Child 8. Curriculum
9. Datum 10. Matrix
11. Deer 12. Appendix
13. Fish 14. Boy
15. Foot 16. Emphasis
17. Footman 18. Father-in-law
19. Medium 20. Means
21. Memorandum 22. Analysis
23. Moose 24. Cuckoo
25. Mouse 26. Criterion
27. Ox 28. Armchair
29. Person 30. Thesis
31. Sheep 32. Louse
33. Swine 34. Phenomenon
35. Syllabus 36. Tomato
37. Tooth 38. Dynamo
39. Woman 40. Axis
41. Alga 42. Gulf
43. Relief 44. Formula
45. Offspring 46. Solo
47. Sheaf 48. Hovercraft
49. Hanger-on 50. Husband
51. Secretary-general 52. Ghetto
53. Knife 54. Guy
55. Kangaroo 56. Story
57. Fox 58. Terminus
59. Vertebra 60. Proof
61. Dictionary 62. Travel agent
63. Piano 64. Wharf
65. Studio 66. Box
67. Belief 68. Woman driver
69. Thief 70. Lady-in-waiting

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Basic Grammar

Some and Any

Some and any are used to talk about an indefinite quantity.

 Work in groups of three and discuss the following examples.
Some
1) I have some letters to read.
2) Are there any books for me to read?
&
3) I don’t have any friends in this class. Any

4) I found a taxi without any trouble.

5) Have you got any writing paper?

6) Have you got some writing paper?

7) Would you like some more tea?

8) Can you give me some sugar, please?

9) If you need any money, tell me.

10) There are a lot chairs in this room. You can sit in any chair.
11) Parking is not allowed here at any time.

12) Some people like lying in the sun, but others don’t.
13) To some extent, she was responsible for the accident.
14) To some degree I think that's right, but there are other factors which affect the situation.

15) Let’s meet some time next week.

16) We sometimes meet after school.

 Uses of “Some & Any”

 Some
1) Affirmative statements
2) “Yes” expectations
3) Requests/offers
4) Making a contrast(strong pronunciation) strong form: /sʌm/ , weak form: /səm/
5) To some extent= partly
6) To some degree = partly
7) Some time: at some indefinite time
8) Sometimes: on some occasions

 Any
1) Negative and interrogative statements
2) Negative meaning with some words: without, never, seldom, rarely, hardly.
3) If
4) When it means “it doesn‟t matter which” or “whichever you like”.
5) At any time: ever

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Practice One

I. Create examples by using the word „some‟ with its eight rules.

II. Create examples by using the word „any‟ with its 5 rules.

III. Add more information to the following sentences with some or any.

1. I don‘t have any friends, but………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Have you got any books? If you……………………………………………………………………………
3. They rarely read any books because………………………………………………………………………..
4. Would you like some help? If you………………………………………………………………………….
5. You can fart here every time you want, but smoking………………………………………………………

IV. Rewrite the following sentences without thinking about the meaning.
Examples: I eat some fruit. I don‟t eat any fruit.

1. I have met some of your friends.

2. She seldom buys any books.

3. You can take any book in this library.

4. There is some danger involved.

5. I recognize some of the students.

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Basic Grammar

Practice Two

Fill in the following blank with some or any.

1. I would like soup, please.

2. Are there banks near here?
3. They drank milk and then went to bed.
4. Would you like apples?
5. There‘s rice in the cupboard.
6. Did you get bottles of lemonade?
7. Here‘s money to buy your lunch.
8. Karen‘s starting eating guavas.
9. I have never seen movies in the cinema.
10. people don‘t think watching TV can affect their eyes.
11. There are a lot of buses. You can sit bus.
12. There‘s butter in the fridge.
13. She refuses to memorize vocabulary.
14. Have you got juice in the fridge?
15. Can I have bread?
16. You can‘t have bread.
17. There are letters on the floor.
18. There isn‘t water in the jar.
19. There are knives and forks on the table but there isn‘t salt or pepper.
20. He gave me tea but he didn‘t put sugar in it.

Practice Three

Fill in the following blank with some or any.

1. There are people outside who want to see you.

2. I like water sports, but not all of them.
3. Can you buy butter when you go to the shops?
4. There is hardly left.
5. Could I have more coffee, please?
6. I haven‘t got money.
7. Would you like me to lend you ?
8. If you need more information, please ask me.
9. Phone me time you like tomorrow.
10. I have done revision for the exams, but not much.
11. museums are worth visiting, but others aren‘t.
12. Tell me if you want help.
13. She times visits in the afternoon.
14. You can call me at time you want.
15. To extend, she also shares some responsibilities.

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Basic Grammar

SOME AND ANY

A: Complete the sentences below using some or any.

1. There aren‘t ______________fridges in the room.

2. There are ______________books on the table.
3. Are there ______________rugs on the floor?
4. There are ______________cats in front of our house.
5. There aren‘t ______________ curtains near here.
6. Are there ______________mirrors in the living room?
7. There are ______________plants in the garden.
8. Are there ______________cookers in the kitchen?
9. There are ______________coffee tables over there.
10. There are ______________telephones on the table.

B: Complete the following sentences using “Some” or “Any”.

1. I never have ______________rules when I come to school.

2. We need ______________money in order to buy ______________books.
3. They rarely hit ______________students.
4. They can go there without ______________money.
5. We seldom blame ______________teachers who make mistakes.
6. They don‘t steal ______________ gold.
7. Did they kill ______________victims?
8. We have never criticized ______________ government officials.
9. They did not tell ______________staff here.
10. Did the manager buy ______________ cakes for us?

C: Complete the following sentences using “Some” or “Any”.

1. You can sit ______________where you want.

2. You can take ______________bus. Both of them go to Phnom Penh.
3. They can buy ______________pen. Both of them are good.
4. If there is ______________problem, please tell me.
5. If ______________one needs help, please call us.
6. To ______________ degree, he also causes difficulties.
7. How about getting ______________ sleep?
8. If ______________ of you break the promise, you will die.

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Preposition 2
A: Words + Prepositions

Words + Prepositions Translations

1) Afraid of sb/sth(adj): ភ័យខ្លលចអ្វម
ី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
2) Terrified of sb/sth(adj): ភ័យខ្លលចអ្វម
ី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
3) Aware of sth(adj): ដឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ
4) Excellent at sth(adj): ពូន្កខ្លងអ្វីមយ
ួ
5) Similar to sth/sb(adj): រសដដៀងនឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
6) Interested in sb/sth(adj): ចាប់អារមមណ៌អ្វម
ី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
7) Responsible for sb/sth(adj): ម្ននទំនួលខ្ុសរតូវចំដពាោះអ្វម
ី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
8) Crowded with sb/sth(adj): ដពារដពញដៅដោយអ្វីមយ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
9) Get/be married to sb(adj): ដរៀបការនឹង នរណាម្ននក់
10) Marry sb(v): ដរៀបការនឹង នរណាម្ននក់
11) Dependent on sb/sth(adj): ពង
ឹ ន្ផែកដលើអ្ម
វី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
12) Full of sth(adj): ដពារដពញដៅដោយអ្វម
ី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
13) Conscious of sth(adj): ដឹងអ្វម
ី យ
ួ
14) Typical of sb/sth(adj): វាជាដរឿងធមមតាដហើយសំ រាប់sb(it’s typical of sb
15) Tired of sth/doing sth(adj): ដនឿយហត់នឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
16) Capable of sth/doing sth(adj): ម្ននសមតថភាពដធវើអ្វីមយ
ួ
17) Famous for sth(adj): លបខ្ល
ី ងអ្វម
ី យ
ួ
18) Engaged to sb(adj): ភាាប់ពាកយនង
ឹ នរណាម្ននក់
19) Hopeless about sth(adj): អ្ស់សងឃម
ឹ នឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ
20) Hopeless at sth(adj): គ្មមនជំទញនឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ
21) Proud of sth/sb(adj): ម្ននដម្នទនភាពនឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់
22) Fond of sth/sb(adj): ដពញចត
ិ តនង
ឹ អ្វម
ី យ
ួ ឬនរណាម្ននក់

B: Study the following examples.

Examples
1) I‘ve always been afraid of flying/heights/spiders.
2) I‘m terrified of the dark.
3) Were you aware of the risks at the time?
4) Dara was always excellent at languages at school.
5) I bought some new shoes which are very similar to yours.
6) He didn‘t seem very interested in what I was saying.
7) Bopha is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office.
8) By ten o‘clock the bar was crowded teenagers.
9) How long have you been married to him?
10) Daro married Roda four years ago.
11) It‘s very easy to become dependent on sleeping pills.
12) The shelves were full of books.
13) I think she‘s very conscious of being the only person in the office.
14) It‘s just typical of Ian to spend all that money on the equipment.
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15) He is never tired of (= He enjoys) playing games on his computer.

16) I think your plan is capable of being (= could be) improved.
17) Vanmao is famous for her contribution to science.
18) She was engaged to some guy in the army.
19) She was depressed and felt totally hopeless about the future.
20) I am hopeless at football.
21) You must be very proud of your son.
22) "I'm very fond of you, you know," he said.

Practice 1
Fill in the correct preposition to the following words and create a sentence.
Words Prepositions Examples
1. Afraid(adj):
2. Terrified(adj):
3. Aware(adj):
4. Excellent(adj):
5. Similar(adj):
6. Interested(adj):
7. Responsible(adj):
8. Crowded(adj):
9. Married (adj):
10. Dependent(adj):
11. Full (adj):
12. Conscious(adj):
13. Typical(adj):
14. Tired(adj):
15. Capable(adj):
16. Famous(adj):
17. Engaged(adj):
18. Hopeless(adj):
19. Hopeless(adj):
20. Proud(adj):
21. Fond(adj):

Practice 2
Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. Are you afraid __________ dogs? C) by D) in

A) of B) about
C) with D) to 4. She was excellent __________ sports.
A) at B) by
2. She is terrified __________ them. C) about D) in
A) about B) to
C) in D) of 5. Your writing is similar __________ mine.
A) about B) to
3. I wasn‘t aware __________ that crisis. C) of D) by
A) about B) of

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6. Are you interested __________ football?

13. It‘s typical __________ him to keep
A) in B) at
anybody waiting.
C) by D) about
A) about B) of
7. Who was responsible __________ all that C) by D) with
noise? 14. She is tired __________ waiting.
A) for B) at A) about B) of
C) about D) of C) with D) by
8. The city was crowded __________
15. She is capable __________ passing the
tourists.
examination.
A) of B) about
A) about B) of
C) by D) with
C) by D) with
9. Linda is married __________ an 16. It is famous __________ its art museums.
American. A) about B) for
A) to B) with C) of D) by
C) of D) about
17. She is engaged __________ Mr. B.
10. I don‘t want to be dependent __________ A) to B) by
anybody. C) with D) about
A) of B) about 18. He is hopeless __________ the result.
C) by D) on A) with B) at
11. It was full __________ mistakes. C) by D) about
A) of B) with 19. She is proud __________her.
C) by D) about A) about B) of
12. She was conscious __________ the C) with D) to
mistake. 20. She is fond __________ Mr. B.
A) about B) of A) about B) of
C) by D) with C) with D) by

Practice 3
Use the words above to create a short paragraph. Remember to use all the words with their prepositions.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

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Present Simple
Uses Forms
 1) Habit  Positive
 I always get up at 6:30 in the morning.  He, She, It, One + Verbs/es/ies
 I usually take a bath before I go to school.  We, You, They, Ones + Verbs/es/ies
 She watches TV every day. Examples: She studies English, but they learn
Khmer.
My friend wants to fart, but his friends want to
smell.
 2) Truth  Negative
 The sun rises at the east. He, She, It, One + does not(doesn‟t) + Verbs/es/ies
 She closes her eyes when she is asleep. I, We, You, They, Ones + do not(don‟t)
+Verbs/es/ies
Example: I don‘t want to fart loudly.
 3) True for a long time(permanent)  Question
 They work in the office. Does + he, she, it, one + Verbs/es/ies?
 She lives in Phnom Penh. Do + we, you, they, ones + Verbs/es/ies?

4) Time tables/Calendars/programs, schedules Short Answers(Yes/No)

 The plane starts at 8 o‘clock in the 1) Do you study English?
morning.  Yes, I do.
 Christmas is on Tuesday next year.  No, I don‟t.
 Our meeting ends promptly at 4:30 P.M.
2) Does your sister blame you?
 Yes, she does.
 No, she doesn‟t.

Forms:
Yes, he/she/it + does.
No, he/she/it + doesn‟t.
Yes, I /we/you/they + do.
No, I/we/you/they + don‟t.

5) State verbs Spelling:

 know, realize, understand, recognize,
believe, feel, suppose, need, want, desire, I. Verb + s
love, like, appreciate, hate, dislike, invite, 1) Fart Farts
envy, mind, care, astonish, amaze, surprise, 2) Attempt Attempts
possess, own, belong, hear, seem, sound,
resemble, look like, owe, equal, exist, matter,
II. Verb + es
consist of, contain.
s, ss, sh, ch, o, x + es
 Do you hear anything? 1) kiss kisses
2) dish dishes
 He doesn‘t understand Japanese. 3) watch watches
 She hates classical music. 4) do does
 He will come to the party if you invite him. 5) relax relaxes

6) Adverbs of Frequency III. Verb + Y + ies

 Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, 1) Study Studies
seldom, never, 2) Try Tries
 Occasionally, once/twice a week, regularly, 3) Cry Cries
 Every + day/ night/ week/year…

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IV. Vowel(a, e, i, o, u) + Y + S
1) stay Stays
2) play Plays

Practice
A: Write the third person singular of these verbs. (10pts)

1. Help  2. Want 

3. Watch  ____________ 4. Go  ____________
5. Carry  ____________ 6. Catch  ____________
7. Think  ____________ 8. Crash  ____________
9. Wash  ____________ 10. Read  ____________
11. Do  ____________ 12. Fly  ____________
13. Study  ____________ 14. Kiss  ____________
15. Eat  ____________ 16. Have  ____________
17. Relax  ____________ 18. Replace  ____________
19. Blow  ____________ 20. Play  ____________

B: Put the verbs in the box below in the correct form. (10pts)
1. She _________________ (go) to school. 2. They _________________ (not/work) here
3. _________________(he/study) English? 4. It _________________ (not/rain) a lot?
5. We _________________ (cook) dinner. 6. He _________________ (come) here on foot.
7. She _________________ (have) two pens. 8. We _________________ (not/watch) TV.
9. She _________________ (not/cry) a lot. 10. _________________ (he/play) the toys?

C. Choose the best answer. (12pts)

This (1) Terry Mathew. He (2) in a flat in Cambridge. He (3)__

the Sun and (4)__________ satellite TV. He (5)__________ to the pub on Friday nights. He (6)__________
cigarettes or a pipe. He (7)__________ a little French, and he (8)__________ Spanish. He (9)__________
coffee. He (10)__________ football on Saturday afternoons, and (11)__________ fish and chips on
Saturday evenings. He (12)__________ cats, children, or the Royal family.

1. A. is B. are C. am ( )
2. A. live B. lives C. doesn‘t lives ( )
3. A. reading B. reads C. read ( )
4. A. watching B. watch C. watches ( )
5. A. goes B. go C. gos ( )
6. A. don‘t smoke B. doesn‘t smokes C. doesn‘t smoke ( )
7. A. speak B. speaking C. speaks ( )
8. A. doesn‘t studies B. study C. studies ( )
9. A. drinking B. are drink C. drinks ( )
10. A. play B. not plays C. plays ( )

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11. A. have B. has C. not has ( )

12. A. doesn‘t likes B. don‘t likes C. doesn‘t like ( )

D: Write the negative and question forms of the following sentences. (20pts)

1. We play football together.

N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
2. She reads books every day.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
3. They know you.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
4. He cooks in the kitchen.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
5. It snows in the morning.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
6. I study English.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
7. You live in Svay Rieng.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
8. Sophi farts every day.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
9. Piseth and Vandy work at DPSC.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
10. Some students speak English every day.
N:____________________________________________________________________________
Q: ____________________________________________________________________________
C: Answer the following questions. (5pts)
1. What time do you get up?
________________________________________________________________________________
2. What does your teacher teach?
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Where do you study English?
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________________________________________________________________________________
4. Where does your father work?
________________________________________________________________________________
5. What do your friends study at DPSC?
________________________________________________________________________________
D: Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences. (12pts)

1. I _______________a grammar course at 6 am.

A) teach B) teaches C) teaching D) to teach

2. She _______________Khmer at Jom Pov Vorn High School.

A) study B) studying C) studying D) studies

3. It _______________in Cambodia.
A) snow B) doesn‘t snow C) doesn‘t snowing D) doesn‘t snow

4. Does he _______________the computer?

A) type B) typing C) types D) to type

5. _______________at work?
A) Do you work B) Does you work C) Do you working D) Do you working

6. _______________English?
A) Does she know B) Does she know C) Do you knows D) Does they know

7. _______________drink tea every morning.

A) She B) He C) Sok D) Dara and Tevi

8. She _______________her daughter before she goes to work.

A) kiss B) kisses C) kisss D) kissing

9. The sun _______________.

A) doesn‘t shines B) shines C) shine D) don‘t shines

10. The teachers _______________me.

A) praise B) praises C) praising D) doesn‘t praise

11. It depends ______________you.

A) on B) to C) with D) by

12. You are not ______________fault.

A) by B) with C) in D) at

E. Answer the following questions.

1. Does he work here? Yes, _________________
2. Do you like her? No, _________________
3. Does she study English? Yes, _________________
4. Do they know us? No, _________________
5. Does she agree to do it? Yes, _________________
6. Does it snow? No, _________________

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7. Does Sothy watch TV? No, _________________

8. Do Sok and Soa live here? Yes, _________________
9. Does she blame you? Yes, _________________
10. Do they hit you? No, _________________
F: Choose the option A, B, C, or D that needs to be changed in order to be grammatically correct.
(15pts)

1. She doesn‘t tells me in advance, so I don‘t know it.

A B C D
2. My parents blame me for being lazy because I don‘t study. I just watches TV every day.
A B C D
3. She insists on buying a new car because now she doesn‘t has a new one.
A B C D
4. Sok is jealous of his brother because his brother have many toys.
A B C D
5. Where does he work? I do no know.
A B C D
6. If she trys to study hard, she will pass her exam. I think she will be pleased with her result.
A B C D
7. Your face reminds me about my sister. I love her very much.
A B C D
8. They live near my house, but I don‘t likes them because they are noisy.
A B C D
9. I have one brother. His name is Sok. She lives near my house.
A B C D
10. He has one house. He is very beautiful and big, so he loves it very much.
A B C D
11. It doesn‘t snow in Cambodia, but it often rain.
A B C D
12. They know English well because they practices speaking it every day.
A B C D
13. He has three books, and it is very good, so he reads it every day.
A B C D
14. I studying English at a school near my house. I go there every day.
A B C D
15. A man lives in Phnom Penh. He says that he is sorry for the problem.
A B C D

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

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Present Simple Practice

Choose the best answer.

Rita: (1)________________ football, Tom?

Tom: I (2)________________ it. I‘m a United fan. I (3)________________ to all their games. Nick
(4)________________ with me. And we (5)________________ to away games, too. Why
(6)________________ to a match some time?
Rita: I‘m afraid football (7)________________ sense to me – men running after a ball. Why
(8)________________ it so seriously?
Tom: It‘s a wonderful game. I (9)________________ it. United are my whole life.
Rita: How much (10)________________ to buy the tickets and pay for the travel?
Tom: A lot. I (11)________________ know exactly how much. But that (12)________________ to me. I
(13)________________ to do any else. (14)________________ you?
Rita: No, it (15)________________ me. I just (16)________________ it a bit sad.

1. A. Do you love B. You love C. You don‘t love

2. A. love B. loves C. not love
3. A. go B. goes C. gos
4. A. go usually B. goes usually C. usually go
5. A. travel B. traveling C. travels
6. A. doesn‘t you come B. don‘t you come C. don‘t you comes
7. A. don‘t make B. don‘t makes C. doesn‘t make
8. A. do you take B. does you take C. do you takes
9. A. loves B. love C. loving
10. A. it costs B. does it costs C. does it cost
11. A. I not know B. I don‘t know C. I do no know
12. A. that don‘t matter B. that doesn‘t matter C. that doesn‘t matters
13. A. no want B. don‘t no want C. don‘t want
14. A. Do that annoys B. Does that annoys C. Does that annoy
15. A. not annoys B. doesn‘t annoys C. doesn‘t annoy
16. A. finds B. finding C. find

Enjoy Your Weekend!


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Present Simple

Choose the alternative A, B, C, or D that needs to be changed in order to be correct.

1. If you looks into a classroom, the first thing you expect to see is people.
A B C D
2. Learners and teachers finding good solutions to their ways of conducting and being
A B C
treated.
D
3. Teachers have to show their interests equally in every student so that student feel
A B C
positive with everybody.
D
4. Before teachers ask students to do something, they doesn‘t need to tell them the way how
A B C D
to do it.

5. They to encourage learners to take on some responsibility in these areas.

A B C D
6. We aim to help learners become independent of teachers so that they can use what they
A B C
learn and continues to learn on their own.
D
7. This show that students learn a language because they are attracted by the culture of the
A B C D
target language community.

8. If you speak, students listen usually. If you want to encourage your students to use
A B C
language, it means that once you have introduced an activity and make clear
D
what is wanted.

9. If your objectives vary, you can still divide your board into three parts and puts things in a
A B C D
good order and right place.

10. Some teachers agree that we to need to correct some errors to help students learn the
A B C
correct forms of the language.
D
11. The teacher writes the correct answers on the board, or get students to come out and
A B C
write them.
D
12. This technique doesn‘t helps to involve the rest of the class. However, it is important not
A B
to make the first student feel victimized.
C D

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Present Simple Practice

Direction: Choose the alternative A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following
sentences.

1. In theory, a beginner learner ____________ of the target language.

A. have zero knowledge B. don‘t have zero knowledge
C. have no zero knowledge D. has zero knowledge

2. Beyond that, there is some debate as to what ____________.

A. beginners need most B. beginner need most
C. beginners needs most D. beginners don‘t needs

3. ____________ their first language?

A. How people acquire B. How do people acquire
C. How does people acquire D. How do people acquires

4. It ____________ by the time children are five years old.

A. take place relatively quickly B. taking place relatively quickly
C. to take place relatively quickly D. takes place relatively quickly

5. ____________a pre-linguistic stage of babbling and cooing.

A. Children don‘t moves through B. Children don‘t moving through
C. Children doesn‘t move through D. Children move through

6. When learners focus on form, ____________ to some formal feature of the language input.
A. they no direct conscious attention B. they do not to direct conscious attention
C. they direct conscious attention D. they direct usually conscious attention

7. ____________ contexts more frequently than others.

A. Idiom occur in certain B. Idioms occur in certain
C. Idioms do not occur in certain D. Idiom doesn‘t occurs in certain

8. As ____________, individual learners are different.

A. most teachers know B. most teacher know
C. most teachers knows D. most teachers to know

9. ____________ to such options.

A. Teachers don‘t have access B. Teachers doesn‘t have access
C. Teacher doesn‘t has access D. Teacher no has access

10. ____________ that have a mainly expressive function and which are highly valued in a
particular culture.
A. Literature refers to texts B. Literature refer to texts
C. Literatures refers to texts D. Literature referring to texts

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Present Simple
Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences. (15pts)

1. Where _________________?
A) you work B) do you work C) does you work D) do you works

2. She _________________me.
A) helping B) help C) helps D) to help

3. I _________________you.
A) to miss B) missing C) miss D) misses

4. They don‘t _________________me.

A) to know B) knows C) know D) knowing

5. He _________________go there.
A) don‘t B) not C) no D) doesn‘t

6. It doesn‘t _________________.
A) flow B) flows C) flowing D) to flow

7. Dara _________________at her.

A) smile B) smiles C) smiling D) to smile

8. What time _________________up?

A) does she get B) she gets C) does she gets D) do she gets

9. We _________________tennis at weekends.
A) usually play B) play usually C) usually plays D) play usuallys

10. She _________________us once a month.

A) sometimes visits B) visits sometimes C) sometimes visit D) visit sometimes

11. _________________ studies here.

A) Dara and Sok B) We C) You D) Tevi

12. _________________live there.

A) She B) He C) Theara D) Roth and Sros

13. We _________________buy books.

A) usually don‘t B) don‘t usually C) doesn‘t usually D) not usually

14. She _________________happy every day.

A) is always B) always is C) be always is D) is always be

15. A: Does she love you?

B: _________________.
A) Yes, she doesn‘t B) No, she does C) Yes, she do D) No, she doesn‘t

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Countable and Uncountable Nouns

 Compare the following sentences

A. I have some money. A. They read journals.
B. I have some books. B. They like air.
A. She has a pen. A. They teach two students.
B. There is sugar. B. They earn money.
A. We have a little pepper. A. He has many shirts.
B. We have a few friends. B. He has much water.

 Write C for incorrect sentences and write I for incorrect sentences

1. She is teacher. ( ) 6.He has several pens. ( )
2. We have a little book. ( ) 7.Dara has much pencils. ( )
3. They are my friends. ( ) 8.I have a few money. ( )
4. You are a student. ( ) 9.Your English is good. ( )
5. I want to drink a water. ( ) 10. Your informations are interesting. ( )

Some Common Non-count Nouns

This list is a sample of nouns that are commonly used as non-count nouns.

A. Whole groups made of similar items B. Fluids C. Solids

D. Gases E. Particles F. Abstractions G. Languages
H. Fields of Study I. Recreation/sports J. Activities K. Natural Phenomena

1. Whole groups made of similar items: baggage, clothing, equipment, food, fruit, furniture, garbage,
hardware, jewelry, junk, luggage, machinery, mail, makeup, money, cash, change, postage, scenery,
traffic, stuff, etc.
2. Fluids: water, coffee, tea, milk, oil, soup, gasoline, blood, etc.
3. Solids: ice, bread,butter,cheese,meat,iron,silver,glass,paper,wood,cotton,wool,etc.
4. Gases: steam, air, oxygen, nitrogen, smoke, smog, pollution, etc.
5. Particles: rice, chalk, corn, dust, flour, grass, hair, pepper, salt, sand, sugar, wheat, etc.
6. Abstractions:
 beauty, confidence, courage, education, enjoyment, fun, happiness, health, help,
 honesty, hospitality, importance, intelligence, justice, knowledge,
 laughter, luck, music, patience, peace,
 pride, progress, recreation, significance, sleep, truth, violence, wealth, etc.
 advice, information, news, evidence, proof, etc.
 time, space, energy, etc.
 homework, housework, work, etc.
 grammar, slang, vocabulary
7. Languages: Arabic, Khmer, Chinese, English, Spanish, German, Russian, etc.
8. Fields of Study: chemistry, engineering, history, literature, mathematics, psychology, etc.
9. Recreation/sports: baseball, soccer, tennis, chess, bridge, poker, snooker, squash, etc.
10. Activities: driving, studying, swimming, traveling, walking, etc.
11. Natural Phenomena: weather, dew, fog, hail, heat, humidity, lightning, rain, sleet, snow, thunder,
wind, darkness, light, sunshine, electricity, fire, gravity, etc.

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Note:
Uncountable Nouns Countable Nouns
Housework/homework Assignment/task/Essay
Work Job
Knowledge Idea/feeling
Thunder/lighting Earthquake/storm
Bread/butter Sandwich/hamburger
Fruit Vegetable
Equipment Tool/instrument
Travel Journey/trip
Weather Climate
News Newspaper
Scenery View
Machinery Machine
Poem Poet
Poetry Novel

 Uses of Countable and Uncountable Nouns

N Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns
Can be used with: numbers( a/an, one, two,…) Cannot be used with numbers: a/an, one,
1 Examples: two,…
 There is a computer. Examples:
 They have two pencils.  She lost a money.
 She lost two money.
Can be pluralized (adding -s/-es/-ies) Cannot be pluralized(no –s/es/ies)
2 Examples: Examples:
 I have fans.  I have waters.
 She has some watches.  She has chalks.
Cannot stand alone. (a/an, some, the, -s/es/ies,…) Can stand alone
Examples: Examples:
3  I like my teacher.  I hate homework.
 I like a teacher.  She drinks coffee.
 I like the teacher.  Water is very useful.
 I like teachers.  I like eating rice.

Diseases: mumps, diarrhea , diabetes, measles, typhoid (uncountable noun)

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Countable and Uncountable Nouns (Cont.)

Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns Both
 A/an  A little  Some
 One/two, three…  Little  Any
 A few  Much  The
 Few  An amount of  A lot of
 Many  A large amount of  Plenty of
 A number of  A great deal of  More
 The number of  Most
 Several
 A larger number of
 A couple of

 Compare the following sentences.

A number of students study English with me.
1 The number of students at DPSC is 500.
There is an amount of water in the jar.

I have little money, so I cannot buy the book.

2
I have a little money, but I can buy this book.

I have few friends, so I feel lonely.

3
I have a few friends, so I feel happy.

I have only a few friends in my class.

4
I have only a little money in my pocket.

There were many people going to vote this year.

5
There was much rain falling this year.

Practice

__________ of teachers at DPSC are qualified.

__________of teachers at DPSC is 14. An amount/A number/The number
1 There is __________of air in my stomach.
I ate __________ food this morning. Now, I feel hungry.
A little/Little
2 I have __________food, but I can share it with you.
I cannot find jobs because I have __________ networks.
Few/A few
3 I have __________books, so I really enjoy read them.
They have only __________water to drink.
A little/Little/A few/Few
4 They have only __________books to read.
There are __________ jobs to finish.
Much/Many
5 There is __________ water to drink.

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Countable and Uncountable Nouns

A: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?
1. ______: furniture 2. ______: thing 3. ______: coffee 4. ______: house
5. ______: bike 6. ______: table 7. ______: student 8. ______: garbage
9. ______: car 10. ______: book 11. ______: rain 12. ______: walking
13. ______: spoon 14. ______: air 15. ______: thunder 16 ______: friend
17. ______: running 18. ______: door 19. ______: friend 20. ______: advice

B: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. ______:fish 2. ______: snow 3. ______: phone 4. ______: magazine
5. ______: food 6. ______: vegetable 7. ______: fruit 8. ______: radio
9. ______: fan 10. ______: silver 11. ______: thief 12. ______: listening
13. ______: skill 14. ______: enemy 15. ______: physics 16. ______: idea
17. ______: salt 18. ______: rice 19. ______: noun 20. ______: school

C: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. ______: love 2. ______: news 3. ______: hope 4. ______: crisis
5. ______: staff 6. ______: patience 7. ______: family 8. ______: Khmer
9. ______: shirt 10. ______: physics 11. ______: freedom 12. ______: dancer
13. ______: committee 14. ______: fire 15. ______: wine 16. ______: teacher
17. ______: milk 18. ______: verb 19. ______: shopping 20. ______: measles

D: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. ______: joy 2. ______: group 3. ______: baby 4. ______: relief
5. ______: bread 6. ______: gold 7. ______: grass 8. ______: glass
9. ______: team 10. ______: bus 11. ______: life 12. ______: oil
13. ______: stimulus 14. ______: paper 15. ______: sand 16. ______: newspaper
17. ______: company 18. ______: time 19. ______: lesson 20. ______: information

E: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. ______: disease 2. ______: English 3. ______: event 4. ______: singing
5. ______: song 6. ______: wife 7. ______: child 8. ______: intelligence
9. ______: eye 10. ______: feeling 11. ______: waiter 12. ______: father
13. ______: potato 14. ______: factory 15. ______: calf 16. ______: knife
17. ______: stair 18. ______: man 19. ______: cousin 20. ______: woman

F: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. ______: daughter 2. ______: box 3. ______: church 4. ______: butter
5. ______: library 6. ______: parking 7. ______: subject 8. ______: politics
9. ______: mumps 10. ______: audience 11. ______: French 12. ______: gang
13. ______: artist 14. ______: hen 15. ______: deer 16. ______: loaf
17. ______: day 18. ______: safe 19. ______: beauty 20. ______: purity

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G: Are the following sentences correct or incorrect?

1. _: She has a lot of furnitures. 9. _: Is snow good?

2. _________: I have two friend. 10. _________: There are some groups.
3. _________: I need pen. 11. _________: She has two wifes.
4. _________: Oils have good advantages. 12. _________: We need some rices.
5. _________: I have some ideas. 13. _________: It is fan.
6. _________: There are some student. 14. _________: It is a good student.
7. _________: There is teacher. 15. _________: I want to buy a newspaper.
8. _________: What about listening? 16. _________: I have some friends.

H: Choose the correct alternative.

1. I need some __________. ( )

A. money B. moneys C. a money
2. We bought __________. ( )
A. book B. a book C. a books
3. He is __________. ( )
A. staff B. my staff C. a staffs
4. We bought a __________. ( )
A. box B. grass C. patience
5. He is __________. ( )
A. famous singer B. famous singers C. a famous singer
6. I study __________. ( )
A. a physics B. physics C. knife
7. I like __________. ( )
A. vegetable B. thief C. gold
8. Children need __________. ( )
A. love B. a love C. loves
9. We eat __________. ( )
A. bread B. a bread C. breads
10. __________ is far away from here. ( )
A. School B. The school C. Team

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PRACTICE
A: Complete the following sentences using some or any.

1) I have _____________ money.

2) They didn‘t buy _____________books.
3) Did they read _____________ magazines?
4) She never played _____________ games.
5) He went there without _____________ money.
6) Would you like _____________ coffee?
7) She rarely tells me _____________thing.
8) Did they know _____________thing about the exercise?
9) Can I have _____________ sugar?
10) She seldom drank _____________ water.
11) She doesn‘t have _____________ food.
12) Do they read _____________ journals?
13) They don‘t focus on _____________ mistakes.
14) He doesn‘t know _____________ students.
15) Would you like _____________ water?

B: Complete the following sentences with a little or a few.

C: Complete the following sentences using many or much.

1) She doesn‘t have _____________ water.

2) Did they know _____________ lecturers?
3) He doesn‘t need _____________ cars.
4) There is not _____________ rain.
5) Did they play _____________ games?
6) They don‘t say _____________ words.
7) She doesn‘t do _____________ tests.
8) Is there _____________ snow?
9) _____________people say that it is good.
10) Do you know _____________ English words?
11) Do they make _____________ coffee?
12) Did he read _____________ books?
13) Have they known _____________ film stars?
14) She doesn‘t teach _____________ friends.
15) They don‘t hit _____________ boys.

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

1) We are not happy. We have only _____________ friends.

(A) a few (B) few
(C) a little (D) little

2) They have _____________ enemies.

(A) many (B) much
(C) a lot of (D) little

3) Would you like _____________ coffee?

(A) many (B) some
(C) any (D) a few

4) Do you have _____________ soup left?

(A) many (B) a few
(C) any (D) some

5) We know _____________ English.

(A) a few (B) few
(C) much (D) some

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6) They need only _____________ money.

(A) a few (B) few
(C) a little (D) little

7) They never memorize _____________ words.

(A) some (B) a little
(C) any (D) much

8) Did they buy _____________ socks?

(A) some (B) a lot of
(C) little (D) much

9) You need _____________ knives.

(A) any (B) a lot
(C) some (D) much

10) Did they drink _____________ coffee?

(A) many (B) some
(C) much (D) a few

ERROR IDENTIFICATION
Choose the option A, B, C, or D that needs to be changed in order to be correct.

1. He is lazy. He never does some work. Therefore, no one likes him.

A B C D

2. You look hungry. Would you like anything to eat?

A B C D

3. I have a lot of moneys. Would you like to borrow me some?

4. We must be quick. There is few time.

A B C D

5. She is lucky; she has a few problems.

A B C D

6. There is no need to hurry. We have little time.

A B C D

7. They are not happy because they have very a few friends.
A B C D

8. He spoke a little English, so it was difficult to communicate with him.

A B C D

9. The village is small. There was only a few houses.

A B C D

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10. She said she would be here an hours ago.

A B C D

11. They got up early in the morning because they wanted to play footballs.
A B C D

12. Nobody would lend her many money, neither would we.
A B C D

13. I don‘t want you to pay for me. I will pay for me.
A B C D

14. The film itself was not very good, but I liked the musics.
A B C D

15. The amount of books I have at home is twenty-five. I will finish reading them one day.
A B C D

Countable and Uncountable Nouns

A: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. : smoking 2. : mother 3. : organization 4. : bag

5. ______: accident 6. ______: girl 7. ______: money 8 . ______: toothpaste
9. ______:soup 10. ______: sugar 11. ______: room 12. ______: jewelry
13. ______: list 14. ______: light 15. ______: drinking 16. ______: pollution
17. ______: grammar 18. ______: tennis 19. ______: gasoline 20. ______: iron

B: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. : mail 2. : meat 3. : ice 4. :country

5. ______: proof 6. ______: page 7. ______: luck 8. ______: chess
9. ______: helicopter 10. ______: watch 11. ______: history 12. ______: teacher
13. ______: fear 14. ______: happiness 15. ______: type 16. ______: teenager
17. ______: honesty 18. ______: waiter 19. ______: dust 20. ______: Spanish

C: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. : health 2. : husband 3. : herd 4. : evidence

5. ______: steam 6. ______: help 7. ______: lady 8. ______: tea
9. ______: dentist 10. ______: work 11. ______: doctor 12. ______: violence
13. ______: continent 14. ______: cow 15. ______: soccer 16. ______: niece
17. ______: vocabulary 18. ______: pilot 19. ______: cup 20. ______: swimming

D: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. : sentence 2. : work 3. : job 4. : knowledge

5. ______: psychology 6. ______: dew 7. ______: chairman 8. ______: weather
9. ______:bridge 10. ______: humidity 11. ______: cook 12. ______: wind
13 ______:wood 14. ______:cash 15. ______: plan 16. ______: peace
17. ______: equipment 18. ______: flour 19. ______: pride 20. ______: electricity

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E: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. : arrangement 2. : chemistry 3. : chess 4. : sleet

5. ______: sister 6. ______: darkness 7. ______: strike 8. ______: progress
9. ______: wheat 10. ______: music 11. ______: dirt 12. ______:
13. ______: wealth 14. ______: religion 15. ______: machinery 16. ______: chalk
17. ______: lightening 18. ______: scenery 19. ______: hardware 20. ______: dew

F: Are the following nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. : day 2. : justice 3. : truth 4. : gravity

5. ______: space 6. ______: laughter 7. ______: energy 8. ______: graveling
9. ______: brother 10. ______: tense 11. ______: recreation 12. ______: Arabic
13. ______: engineering 14. ______: girlfriend 15. ______: sunshine 16. ______: junk
17. ______: tense 18. ______: phrase 19. ______: name 20. ______: train

PRACTICE
A: Add final –s/-es to the nouns in italics if necessary. Do not add or change any other words.
1. Isabel always has fresh egg available because she raises chicken in her yard.
2. I had chicken and rice for dinner last night.
3. Outside my window, I can see a lot of tree, bush, grass, dirt, and flower.
4. Abdullah gave me some good advice.
5. Yoko learned several new word today. She increased her vocabulary today.
6. I drank two glass of water.
7. Window are made of glass.
8. Mr. Chu wears glass because he has poor eyesight.
9. It took me a lot of time to finish my homework. I had a lot of assignment.
10. I have been in Mexico three time. I‘ve spent a lot of time there.

B: Add final –s/-es to the nouns in italics if necessary. Do not add or change any other words.

1. There are typewriter, copier, telephone, and stapler in a typical business office. A business office needs
a lot of equipment.
2. The air is full of smoke, dust, carbon monoxide, and many other harmful substance. We must seek to
reduce air pollution.
3. I like to read good literature. I especially like to read novel, poetry, and essay. My favourite poet are
Longfellow and Wordsworth. I have always liked their poem.
4. I like to experience different season. I like both hot and cold weather.
5. Being a parent has brought me a lot of happiness. Parenting requires a lot of patience, but it provides
many reward.
6. You can find a lot of time-saving machine in a modern factory. Modern factory need modern
machinery.
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7. Experienced traveler learn to travel with minimal luggage. My globe-trotting aunt can pack everything
she needs into two small suitcase, whether her trip will last for three day or three month. I‘m not an
experienced traveler. When I travel, I invariably take along too much stuff.
8. Recycling is important. Regular garbage will typically contain many things that can be recycled:
magazine, envelope, cardboard box, old phone book, glass bottle, jar, copper, brass, tin can, etc.
9. There are more star in the universe than there are grain of sand on all the beaches on earth.
10. I have a lot of friend in the room.

MULTIPLEC CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.
1. I have ______________.
A. some book B. book
C. a books D. a book

2. She has a lot of ______________.

A. waters B. water
C. a water D. some water

3. She has one ______________.

A. food B. book
C. money D. tea

4. There is ______________.
A. a pens B. an information
C. informations D. a pen

5. I have some ______________.

A. coins B. computer
C. advices D. homeworks

6. The street is full of ______________.

A. car B. cars
C. peel D. river

7. Paul has ______________.

A. two fan B. fan
C. three fan D. a fan

8. I hate ______________.
A. a rain B. rain
C. some car D. two notebook

9. Ann took three ______________.

A. air B. rice
C. magazines D. star

10. I drank two glasses of ______________.

A. water B. waters
C. a water D. a waters

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Practice
A. Choose the correct options.

1. She speaks _____________ English but she doesn‘t speak _____________ French.
A. a lot of/much B. much/a lot of

2. He didn‘t sell very _____________ books. That‘s why he never made _____________ money.
A. many/some B. many/any

3. Very _ people could manage to live on so _ money.

A. few /little B. much/little

4. There‘s _ work to do, so we have _ time to spare.

A. a little/few B. a little/little

5. If you can spare me _time, I‘d like to make _ suggestions.

A. a little/a few B. a few/a little

6. He spends so ___________ time playing football that he has _________ time for anything else.
A. little/many B. little/much

7. There are _____________ cars in the city centre at rush hour but very _____________ late at
night.
A. few/much B. few/a lot of

8. _____________students at IFL are very hard-working.

A. A number B. The number

9. _____________of students at IFL is about 3000.

A. A number B. The number

10. There is _____________of water in the lake.

A. an amount B. a number

B. Complete these sentences using few, a few, little, or a little.

1) There are a lot of boys in our class, but _____________ girls.
2) He‘s an expert on languages, but he knows _____________ about mathematics.
3) There are a lot of cinemas in town as well as _____________ good theatres.
4) I was tired and hungry, but fortunately I had _____________ money left.
5) I come home so tired that I can do _____________ work before breakfast.

C. Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. There are _____________ from Japan in our English class.

A. few students B. little students
C. less students D. much students

2. This year, we received _____________ to our ad than ever before.

A. fewer replies B. less replies
C. much replies D. few replies

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3. Jonh has the _____________ left to read of anyone in the class.

A. fewest chapter B. fewest chapters
C. least chapters D. least chapter

4. There are _____________ to study hard for that test.

A. much reasons B. many reasons
C. little reasons D. less reasons

5. I had _____________, so I couldn‘t buy the book.

A. a little money B. a few money
C. few money D. little money

6. He gave me _____________ about choosing a school, so I would like to thank him.

A. a little advice B. many advice
C. a few advice D. little advice

7. Susan has _____________ than I do.

A. fewer money B. little money
C. a little money D. less money

8. I did the _____________ of work of anyone in the class.

A. fewest number B. least amount
C. little amount D. few amount
9. There are _____________ of students in the class.
A. a large amount B. a large number
C. a few amount D. a little number

10. There is not _____________ in that town.

A. few industry B. few industries
C. much industry D. man industry

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that needs to be changed in order to be grammatically correct.

1. I do not like many sugar in my coffee, but he does.

A B C D

2. They did not put much furnitures in their new office because they needed some space.
A B C D

3. We did not have much knowledge about physics, so we need to read some more book about it
A B C D

4. John had so few news from his parents that he was worried about them.
A B C D

5. I usually have a little money at the end of the month, don‘t I? I never have enough money.
A B C D

6. Debby spent less time to study for the exam than Robin did.
A B C D

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7. He predicted that few people would die from radiation poisoning.

A B C D

8. We wanted to go on vocation, but we had few money.

A B C D

9. There were so little good seats that we decided not to buy tickets to the concert.
A B C D

12. Nowadays, many women are becoming lawyer, aren‘t they?

A B C D

13. That party did not have much entertainment, so they were very bored of it.
A B C D

14. There is not much news available on that subject. How can we do?
A B C D

15. During the war, our government received fewer information about the situation in that
A B C D
country.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

A) Read the passage below and decide weather the following underlined words or phrases are
correct or incorrect. Then, the words or phrases that are wrong.

Sharon is bright girl. She gets good grades in all her school examination. All the teachers like Sharon
because she can answer question correctly. She also does all her homeworks that the teacher give her.
Sharon‘s friends admire her because she always does her work on time.

Sharon is an active girls. She goes for a tuition classes at night. During weekend, Sharon has to go for
piano lessons. Sharon also likes to play badmintons or go for a swim during her free time.

Sharon has timetable to help her do all her daily works. She follows her timetable strictly so that she
can use her times wisely. Sharon allots herself time to do her homeworks, revise her lessons, play
games and even watch televisions. She also has time for other activity that she likes to do. By keeping
to her timetable, she is able to complete her school work and do well in
all the examinations. Sharon‘s parent are proud of her because of her hard work and good grades in
school.

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Count and Uncountable Nouns

Group the following nouns in the right column.
1) Advice 45) Gasoline 89) Music
2) Air 46) German 90) News
3) Arabic 47) Glass 91) Nitrogen
4) Baggage 48) Grammar 92) Oil
5) Baseball 49) Grass 93) Oxygen
6) Beauty 50) Gravity 94) Paper
7) Blood 51) Hail 95) Patience
8) Bread 52) Hair 96) Peace
9) Bridge 53) Happiness 97) Pepper
10) Butter, 54) Hardware 98) Poker
11) Cash 55) Health 99) Pollution
12) Chalk 56) Heat 100) Postage
13) Cheese 57) Help 101) Pride
14) Chemistry 58) History 102) Progress
15) Chess 59) Homework 103) Proof
16) Chinese 60) Honesty 104) Psychology
17) Clothing 61) Hospitality 105) Rain
18) Coffee 62) Housework 106) Recreation
19) Confidence 63) Humidity 107) Rice
20) Corn 64) Ice 108) Russian
21) Cotton 65) Importance 109) Salt
22) Courage 66) Information 110) Sand
23) Darkness 67) Intelligence 111) Scenery
24) Dew 68) Iron 112) Significance
25) Diabetes 69) Jewelry 113) Silver
26) Diarrhea 70) Junk 114) Slang
27) Driving 71) Justice 115) Sleep
28) Dust 72) Khmer 116) Sleet
29) Education 73) Knowledge 117) Smog
30) Electricity 74) Laughter 118) Smoke
31) Energy 75) Light 119) Snooker
32) Engineering 76) Lightning 120) Snow
33) English 77) Literature 121) Soccer
34) Enjoyment 78) Luck 122) Soup
35) Equipment 79) Luggage 123) Space
36) Evidence 80) Machinery 124) Spanish
37) Fire 81) Mail 125) Squash
38) Flour 82) Makeup 126) Steam
39) Fog 83) Mathematics 127) Studying
40) Food 84) Measles 128) Stuff
41) Fruit 85) Meat 129) Sugar
42) Fun 86) Milk 130) Sunshine
43) Furniture 87) Money 131) Swimming
44) Garbage 88) Mumps 132) Tea

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133) Tennis 139) Typhoid 145) Weather

134) Thunder 140) Violence 146) Wheat
135) Time 141) Vocabulary 147) Wind
136) Traffic 142) Walking 148) Wood
137) Traveling 143) Water 149) Wool
138) Truth 144) Wealth 150) Work

Whole groups made of similar items Solids Fluids

Gases Subjects Languages

Sports Activities Particles

Natural Phenomena Abstraction Diseases(5)

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Mixed Grammar

1 Famous for
2 Concentrate on
3 Pay attention to
4 Take advantage of
5 Be able to do sth
6 Spend time doing sth
7 Allow sb to do sth
8 Be allowed to do sth
9 Help sb do/to do
10 With anger
11 Full of
12 In a hurry
13 Enjoy + V-ing
14 Lead to
15 Verb-ing + singular verb
16 Expect to do
17 Bored with
18 Make sb do
19 Make sb/sth adjective
20 Depend on
21 Quit doing
22 Another/each/every + singular noun
23 Look forward to doing
24 Remind sb of sth/ to do sth
25 Cover with
26 The longest/most
27 Home to
28 The first + noun + to do
29 Whom + subject + verb
30 Who + verb
31 Her + noun
32 Hers +noun
33 Between….and….(2 things)
34 Among/amongst + plural nouns

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Practice 1
A: Fill in the following grammar notes.
1 Famous _______
2 Concentrate _______
3 Pay attention _______
4 Take advantage _______
5 Be able _______sth
6 Spend time _______ sth
7 Allow sb _______sth
8 Be allowed _______sth
9 Help sb _______
10 _______ anger
11 Full _______
12 _______ hurry
13 Enjoy + _______
14 Lead _______
15 Verb-ing + _______
16 Expect _______
17 Bored _______
18 Make sb _______
19 Make sb/sth _______
20 Depend _______
21 Quit _______
22 Another/each/every + _______
23 Look forward _______
24 Remind sb _______sth/ _______sth
25 Cover _______
26 _______ longest/most
27 Home _______
28 The first + noun + _______
29 Whom + _______+ _______
30 Who + _______
31 Her + _______
32 _______ +noun
33 Between…._______….(2 things)
34 Among/amongst + _______

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Practice 2
Use the grammar structure on the first page to create a short paragraph.

___________________________________________________________________________________

I Can Do It!!!


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Prepositions 3

N Words + Prepositions Translations

1 Adhere to sth(v): ដគ្មរពយ៉ាងខ្លាប់ខ្ួ ន
ា
2 Addicted to sth (adj): ដញៀននង
ឹ អ្វម
ី យ
ួ
3 Beneficial to sb(adj): ម្ននរបដយជន៌ចំដពាោះនរណាម្ននក់
4 Beware of sth(adj): របយ័តននង
ឹ អ្វម
ី យ
ួ
5 Blind to sth(adj): ដមល
ើ មន
ិ ដ ើញ ឬដមល
ើ មន
ិ ដឹងអ្វីមយ
ួ
6 Belong to sb (v): ជាកមមសិទធនរណាម្ននក់
7 Born into (a rich family/a royal family) (adj): ដកើតកនុង(រគួស្លរអ្នកម្នន ឬរគួស្លររាជវងស)
8 Boastful about sth(adj): អ្ួតអ្ំពអ្
ី មវី យ
ួ
9 Capable of doing sth(adj): ម្ននសមតថភាពដធវអ្
ើ មវី យ
ួ
10 Comply with sth (v): ដធវើតាម ឬអ្នុដោមតាមអ្វីមយ
ួ
11 Conform to sth(v): ដធវើតាម ឬអ្នុដោមតាមអ្វីមយ
ួ
12 Compensate for sth(v): (be compensated for sth) ទូរោត់សងនរណាម្ននក់ចំដពាោះដរឿងអ្វីមយ
ួ
13 Condemn sb for sth (v): (be condemned for sth) បដទទសនរណាម្ននក់ពដី រឿងអ្វម
ី យ
ួ
14 Confident in sth(adj): ម្ននទំនុកចត
ិ តនង
ឹ អ្វម
ី យ
ួ
15 Convict sb of sth/doing sth(v): ផតទទដោសនរណាម្ននក់ពីដរឿងអ្វីមយ
ួ

B: Study the following examples.

1) She adhered to her principles/ideals throughout her life.

2) By the age of 14 he was addicted to heroin.
3) A stay in the country will be beneficial to his health.
4) You should beware of undercooked food when staying in hot countries.
5) She seems blind to his faults.
6) You shouldn't take what doesn't belong to you.
7) Theary was born into a royal family.
8) Pharun is boastful about his beauty.
9) Only the Democratic Party is capable of running the country.
10) There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.
11) Members must conform to a strict dress code.
12) Victims of the crash will be compensated for their injuries.
13) He was condemned for robbery.
14) Be a bit more confident in yourself!
15) He has twice been convicted of robbery/arson.

Practice 1
Fill in the correct preposition to the following words and create a sentence.
Words Pre. Examples
1) Adhere(v):
2) Addicted(adj):
3) Beneficial(adj):

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4) Beware(adj):
5) Blind(adj):
6) Belong(v):
7) Born(adj):
8) Boastful (adj):
9) Capable(adj):
10) Comply(v):
11) Compensate(v):
12) Condemn(v):
13) Confident(adj):
14) Conform(v):
15) Convict(v):

Practice 2

Choose the best option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. You should adhere _____________the principle.

A. with B. by C. to D. on

2. She is not addicted _____________smoking.

A. in B. by C. with D. to

3. It is beneficial _____________health.
A. with B. on C. for D. to

4. She is beware _____________pickpocket.

A. with B. on C. for D. of

5. Are you blind _____________the faults?

A. with B. to C. in D. on

6. We did not belong _____________that party.

A. with B. on C. to D. in

7. She was born _____________a rich family.

A. on B. in C. into D. from

8. She is boastful _____________his wealth.

A. about B. of C. with D. on

9. She is capable _____________the work.

A. on B. to C. with D. of

10. Did you comply _____________the request?

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A. on B. to C. with D. of

11. Will they compensate _____________the loss?

A. for B. on C. by D. with

12. They will condemn you _____________the harrowing accident.

A. about B. of C. for D. on

13. Are you confident _____________the success?

A. about B. in C. of D. for

14. She did not conform _____________it.

A. with B. to C. on D. of

15. They convicted her _____________the arson.

A. about B. of C. for D. with

Practice3

Use the above words with their prepositions to create a short paragraph.
___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________
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First Conditional

 There are 5 conditionals.

1) Zero conditional
2) First conditional
3) Second conditional
4) Third conditional
5) Mixed conditional

1) If I have much, money, I will help you.

2) My friends will be happy if they live in Phnom Penh.

Form:
Positive
If + subject + Verb, Subject + may/can/will + Verb1
Subject + may/will/can + Verb1 + if + subject + Verb

1) If you don‘t love me, I will commit suicide.

2) If you refuse to let me enter, I will not go home.
3) If you do not help with me, I will not agree with you.
Form:
Negative
If + subject + doesn‘t/don‘t + Verb1, Subject + will not(won‘t) + Verb1
If + subject + doesn‘t/don‘t + Verb1, Subject + will + Verb1
If + subject + Verb, Subject + will not(won‘t) + Verb1

1) Will you help me if I have any problems?

2) If I have any doubts, can I ask you?
3) What will you do if you win a scholarship?
Form:
Question
Will + subject + Verb1 + If + subject + verb?
If + subject + verb, will + subject + Verb1?
 WH.Questions Words+ will+ subject + verb1 + if + subject + verb?

Use: We use “first conditional” to talk about something that is possible to happen in the future.(50%)
Example: If I finish this grammar short course successfully, I may buy more books to study on my own.

 Explanation: I may buy or may not buy the books. It is 50% possible for me to do it in the future.
 Note: Unless = if not You will be late for dinner if you don‟t hurry.
You will be late for dinner unless you hurry.

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FIRST CONDITIONAL
A: Finish the sentences below using your own words.

1. If I have a lot of money, I _______________________.

2. If you meet her, you _______________________.
3. If you play truant again, I _______________________.
4. They will see you if _______________________.
5. If they _______________________, they will pass the exam.
6. If you work harder, you _______________________.
7. You can tell if you _______________________.
8. They will be happy if _______________________.
9. If it rains, _______________________.
10. They will read these documents if _______________________.
11. He will tell me if _______________________.
12. If you pass the final exam, _______________________.
13. If they tell me a lie, _______________________.
14. If she wins a lottery, _______________________.
15. They will be happy if _______________________.

B: Write these sentences, putting the verbs in bracket into the present simple or the future simple.

1. If the train (be) late, we (walk).

2. She ______________(call) you if she ______________(have) time.
3. If it ______________(cost) too much, I ______________(buy) a smaller one.
4. If the doctor can‘t see, I ______________(go) somewhere else.
5. If the class ______________(be) full, we ______________(find) another one.
6. What ______________(we/do) if the taxi ______________(not/come)?
7. ______________(you/phone) if there ______________(be) any problems?
8. I ______________(ask) Peter if I ______________(see) him tomorrow.
9. I ______________(go) next week, If I can get a train ticket.
10. If I ______________(have) to, I ______________(complain) to the manager.
11. If he ______________(see) me here, she ______________(be) very angry.
12. Mary ______________(be) worried if you ______________(not/come) to the airport.
13. If it ______________(snow) this summer, we ______________(go) skiing.
14. I ______________(lend) some money if they ______________(ask) me.
15. If you ______________(visit) Oxford, you ______________(see) some interesting old buildings.

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C: Circle the best words.

1. If she passes/will pass the test, he will be/will to be happy.

2. They will come/coming here if they finish/to finish the work earlier.
3. She will do/to do/doing it if she meets/meet/to meet him.
4. If they will watch/watch/watching the film, they will like/will to like it.
5. If she like/likes/will like, it, I will give/gave/giving it to her.
6. If he be/is/will be late, I will fine/fined/fining him.
7. They will happy/will be happy/will are happy if she do/does/will do it.
8. I will to tell/told/tell you if I will get/get/got/getting any information.
9. If I have/has/had more free time, I would write/will write a book.
10. If you make/made any mistake, they will to know/will knew/will know it.

D: Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. If she _____________ the homework, they will be happy.

A. does B. do C. will do D. will doing
2. If it rains, I _____________ to school.
A. will no go B. will not going C. don‘t go D. won‘t go
3. They will tell me if she _____________ any problem.
A. has B. have C. will have D. will has
4. She will _____________ if she knows the answer.
A. be happy B. happy C. to be happy D. is happy
5. If she _____________ any help, I will volunteer to help her.
A. to need B. needs C. need D. needing
6. I will _____________ at home if it snows.
A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay
7. If I have enough money, I _____________ a new house for my parents.
A. will build B. build C. will building D. build will
8. They will _____________ everything, if they study harder.
A. knew B. knowing C. know D. to know
9. They will _____________ if they are not at home.
A. be sad B. be C. sad D. to be sad
10. If you _____________ wrong, I will tell you.
A. be B. is C. will be D. be will

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Write a paragraph by using First Conditional

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. If a person talks, he ______________.

A. will utter words aloud B. will to utter words aloud
C. would utter words aloud D. will uttering words aloud

2. If it ______________, I will accept it.

A. will be important for us B. be important for us
C. is very important for us D. important for us

3. If we ______________, I will be able to know a lot about language learning.

A. study applied linguistics B. to study applied linguistics
C. studying applied linguistics D. will study applied linguistics

4. ______________ if you go to study at IFL.

A. You will meet the professor B. You meeting the professor
C. Will you meet the professor D. Meeting the professor

5. If ______________, he will support this theory.

A. he considers the argument B. he will consider this argument
C. will consider this argument D. to consider this argument

6. I am happy ______________well.
A. you study such a subject B. study such a subject
C. if you will study such a subject D. if you study such a subject

7. He ______________if you inform him.

A. will punish me B. will punishing me
C. punish me D. will to punish me

8. If the police______________, they will be able to crack down on the criminals.

A. take more action B. takes more action
C. will take more action D. taking more action

9. If I live alone, I ______________.

A. be happier B. will happier
C. will be happier D. will to be happier

10. If you do this thing, it ______________to memory.

A. will serve as an aid B. serve as an aid
C. will be serve as an aid D. will serving as an aid

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First Conditional
A: Add the information to the following sentences.

1) If it is hot tomorrow, _______________________________________________.

2) _______________________________________________, he will be happy.
3) I can buy a yacht if _______________________________________________..
4) _______________________________________________if we pursue our study.
5) If I go to bed late, _______________________________________________.
6) If you cook vegetables for too long, _______________________________________________.
7) _______________________________________________if it is raw.
8) _______________________________________________, I will call you.
9) _______________________________________________if I have a car.
10) If I lose my job, _______________________________________________.
11) It is rains tomorrow, _______________________________________________.
12) Where will you live _______________________________________________?
13) _______________________________________________, he will have lunch outside.
14) My mother will worry me if I don‘t phone her.
15) _______________________________________________, what will you do?

B: Circle the correct choice.

1) You will/would be a brave person if you are/be not afraid for/of the ghost.
2) Will/Could you be terrified for/of him if you see/seeing him?
3) If there is/are no rain, what would/will it be full of/with?
4) If I am/will be not aware in/of what happens, I will ask/ask will you.
5) She will be/will is excellent in/of studying if she will work/works hard.
6) This book will be/will is similar to/with a Chinese book if I see it/see them from the left hand side.
7) If she will be not/is not interested in/of it, she will not buy/won‟t buys it.
8) If she loves/she will love her children, she will/would be responsible for/of them.
9) The room will be/would is crowded by/with students if everyone came/comes.
10) Vutha will be/will is married with/to Udom if he has/he will had a lot of money.

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Pronouns

 There are 5 pronouns.

1) Subject pronouns
2) Objet pronouns
3) Possessive adjectives
4) Possessive pronouns
5) Reflexive pronouns

Relative pronouns. /Reciprocal pronouns/*Indefinite pronouns

Discuss the following passage.

I have two friends. 1They are my best friends. I like 2them very much. Learning and helping are 3their
favorite routines. They have a lot of books. They always lend me some books to read at home. The
books at my home are 4theirs. They love 5themselves very much. I love them too.

5 Pronouns
Subject Object Possessive adj. Possessive Pro. Reflexive Pro.
I Me My Mine Myself
You You Your Yours Yourself
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
He Him His His Himself
She Her Her Hers Herself
It It Its Its Itself
You You Your Yours Yourselves

*Relative pronouns: Which, That, Who, Whom, Whose.

*Reciprocal pronouns: one another/each other.
A: Subject pronouns (I, We, You, They, He, She, It)
1) I live in Phnom Penh.
2) Dara blames me.
3) It is I who told her.
4) She is as old as I am.
5) Rady is taller than I am.
6) I do it after he leaves.

Forms:
1. Subject + Verb We study a grammar short course at DPSC.
2. It is/This is + subject It is he who helps me do the task.
3. As/Than + subject + to be She is stronger than he is.
4. After/before + subject + verb Before they died, they were my best friends.

 After/before + subject + verb

 After/before + object + verb
 Use: It is used to do the action.
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B: Object pronouns
I-me, You-you, We-us, They-them, He-him, She-her, It-it

1) Dara hates me.

2) It is for them.
3) I go after him.

 Compare the following sentences.

4) They love her more than me.
5) They love her more than I.

Forms:
1) Verb + object They know me.
2) Preposition + object They study English with me.
3) After/before + object + verb They run after me.

 Use: It is used to receive the action.

C: Possessive adjectives
I-my, We-our, You-your, They-their, He-his, She-her, It-its

 Study the following sentences.

1) They sell chairs.
2) I know them.
3) I will blame their friends.

1) Subject + noun me book 

2) Object + noun I book 
3) Possessive adjective + noun my book 
4) Possessive adjective + Verb-ing your helping

 Use: It is used to show ―possession‖.

D: Possessive pronouns
My-mine, Your-yours, His-his, Her-hers, Its-its, Our-ours, Their-theirs

1) It is my pen. The pen is mine.

2) Your pen is cheaper than my pen. Your pen is cheaper than mine.
3) He is one of my friends. He is a friend of mine.

Forms:
 Possessive pronoun = Possessive adjective + noun
 Be + a----of + possessive pronoun

 Use: It is used to replace ―Possessive adjective + noun‖.

 It is my book. The book is mine.
 He is my teacher. He is a teacher of mine.

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E: Reflexive pronouns.
Myself, yourself, yourselves, itself, himself, herself, themselves, ourselves.

1) I myself wrote this book.

2) I praise myself for my good deed.
3) I wrote this book myself.
4) I wrote this book by myself.

 Use:
1) Subject and object are the same people or things. It shows that the subject is both giving and
receiving the action.
2) To emphasize that the subject does an action alone.

 Notes:
1) Hisself/theirself-incorrect
2) Himself/themselves-correct

 Rady bought him a new car. (him = another person)

 Rady bought himself a new car. (himself=Rady)

 By + reflexive pronoun means alone.

Example: Tevi washed the dishes by herself. = Tevi washed the dishes alone.

 Note:

 Relative pronouns such as which, whose, who, and that are used in Adjective Clauses.
Example: Nhaya, who is a student at DPSC, is very intelligent.

 Reciprocal pronouns are used when the subject and object of a sentence refer to the same
people, and these people have a two-way relationship. They are each other and one another.
Example: Chetra and Cheat mock at each other.

 Indefinite pronouns refer to unknown or undetermined person place or thing.

The following are indefinite pronouns:
 Another, anyone, anything, each, either, no one, neither, nobody, one, someone, something, both,
few, many, several, all, most, none, some.

Example: Nobody in this class can answer my question.

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PRONOUNS

Subject Pronouns & Object Pronouns

A: Fill in the table below.

Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun

I
You
He
She
It
We
They

B. Choose the correct alternative.

1. She/Her lives with me/I.

2. They/Them like all of us/we.
3. It is I/me who hit him/he last night.
4. Why do they/them study English?
5. Between she/her and I/me, which one do they/them want to live with?
6. She/Her is not with him/he.
7. She gives him/he the egg.
8. When she/her returns, she/her takes over the egg from him/he.
9. He leaves after she/her returns.
10. She leaves after him/he.
11. It is easier for them/they.
12. They/Them feed them/they until they/them can swim.
13. She/Her lays her egg and then leaves.
14. It is not easy for them/they to survive under such conditions.
15. It is she/her who goes to find food.
16. They are stronger than I/me.
17. Are you sure that they/them are here?
18. He/Him has the responsibility of incubating the egg.
19. They/Them live south of the equator.
20. It is he/him with the egg.
21. She is not taller than I/me.
22. They/Them are very interested in me/I.

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Subject Pronouns, Object Pronouns & Possessive Adjectives

A: Choose the correct word.

1. I/Me/My hope to pass my/me/I final exam next month.

2. She/Her sister is very kind to us/we/our.
3. She/Her is a good daughter who always pays her/she respect to our/us/we parents.
4. They/Them/Their house is far away from our/us/we school.
5. He/Him/His does not want to meet his/he/his friends because they/them/their are not kind to
him/his/he.
6. It/Its is very hot for us/we/our to drink such tea.
7. If you/your want to succeed in your/you life, you/your must work harder.
8. I/Me/My teacher felt disappointed with me/I/my when I/me/my do not try to study hard.
9. We/Us/Our think that its/it problem is difficult to find.
10. You/Your are more handsome than my/I/me younger brother.

B: Circle the correct answer.

1. It/Its is true that he/him/his likes it.

2. Every four years, for a brief moment, we/us/our see these countries together in peace and
friendship.
3. We/Us/Our friends feel hope again for the future of mankind.
4. If only they/them/their parents agree, they/them/their friends will come.
5. We/Us/Our have enough ability to achieve our/them/they goal.
6. It is a fact that we/us/our house is quite old.
7. He/Him/His is waiting for his/him/he mother. He/Him/His is worried about her/she.
8. He/Him/His father has had a steady job, so everyone congratulates him/he/his.
9. They lay their/them/they eggs about fifty miles from the coast.
10. The male penguin rolls the egg on top of his/her/the feet.
11. He/Him/His spends on average $ 40 per week.
12. All of we/our/us like you/your father.
13. Don‘t worry. We/Our/Us sister will look after your/you daughter.
14. Why didn‘t they/them their know the proper way to grow rice?
15. She was afraid of him/his/he.
16. They are friendlier than his/he/him sister.
17. We are not as intelligent as your/you brother.
18. You are a lot younger than I/me/my.
19. They are unhappy because they/their/them son has failed him/he/his final test.
20. What is there on you/your/the head?

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Subject Pronouns, Object Pronouns, Possessive Adjectives,

and Possessive Pronouns

Circle the correct alternative

1. She likes my/mine book.

2. The book is your/yours.

3. We miss our/ours parents.

4. Don‘t interfere in her/hers affair.

5. We are concerned about her/hers health.

6. They will discount for your/yours customers.

7. Her/Hers bike is old enough.

8. They mock at her/hers relative.

9. She is a friend of mine/my.

10. He is one of my/mine teachers.

11. She is a teacher of mine/my.

12. She takes her/hers turn, and he takes his/him.

13. The egg is her/hers.

14. It is a habit of their/theirs.

15. Their/Theirs life seems more difficult than our life/our/ours.

16. It is an experiment of him/his.

17. Seven nations claim that Antarctica is their/theirs.

18. The research in the picture is a friend of ours/us/our.

19. Your/Yours research was good but her/hers is better.

20. Studying penguins is a hobby of mine/me.

21. Your/Yours book is better than mine/my book.

22. She knows how to deal with her/hers problem.

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Subject Pronouns, Object Pronouns, Possessive Adjectives,

Possessive Pronouns, and Reflective Pronouns

Choose the alternative.

1. He takes care of the egg himself/him/his.
2. We do it by ourself/ourselves/us.
3. She can do it by her/herself/herselves.
4. Penguins push their/themselves/themself along the ice using their flippers.
5. To protect you/yourself from the cold, you must start now.
6. The female lays her/herself/hers egg and walks back to the sea by her/herself/herselves.
7. The male animal him/himself incubates the egg.
8. She her/herself/herselves repaired the TV.
9. Their/Theirs/Themselves are home.
10. He did it by himself/him/himselves.

E: Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes the following gaps.

There are eighteen different kinds of penguins, and (1) ___________ all live south of the
equator. The largest are the emporer penguins, which live in Antarctica. (2) ___________ lay (3)
___________ eggs about fifity miles from the coast. There are penguins have nothing to make a nest
out of, but the eggs cannot be laid directly on the ice, or (4) ___________ would freeze. The emperor
penguins have to take care of (5) ___________ eggs in a special way.
The female produces one egg. As soon as (6) ___________ lays (7) ___________ egg, the male
penguin rolls (8) ___________ on top of (9) ___________ feet. A special fold of skin on the bottom of
(10) ___________ stomach comes down over the egg to protect (11) ___________ from the cold. For
two months, the male penguins stand together to protect (12) ___________ from the cold with (13)
___________ eggs on (14) ___________ feet. (15) ___________ cannot move or eat.
The female goes to find food as soon as the male takes turns carrying the baby penguin on (16)
___________ feet. When the weather gets cold, the baby is covered by the fold of skin, which keeps
(17) ___________ warm.

1. A. them B. they C. their D. themselves

2. A. They B. Their C. Themselves D. Them
3. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves
4. A. their B. they C. themselves D. them
5. A. theirs B. them C. they D. themselves
6. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
7. A. her B. hers C. herself D. she
8. A. its B. it C. them D. they
9. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves
10. A. he B. him C. his D. himself
11. A. them B. its C. it D. their
12. A. them B. they C. theirs D. themselves
13. A. them B. they C. their D. themselves
14. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves
15. A. Them B. Their C. Themselves D. Theirs
16. A. them B. themselves C. theirs D. their
17. A. them B. it C. its D. theirs

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Write a paragraph by using all pronouns.

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Multiple Choice Questions 1

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

1. They want to protect ___________ country.

A. them B. they C. their D. theirs

2. ___________is a very good student; she studies very hard.

A. She B. Her C. Herself D. Herselves

3. They are more arrogant than ___________.

A. I am B. me C. myself D. my

4. She is a brother of ___________.

A. mine B. my C. me D. I

5. They want to know ___________.

A. your B. yourself C. you D. yourself

6. She is as polite as ___________.

A. he is B. him C. himself D. him is

7. ___________ friends won‘t betray him.

A. His B. Him C. He D. Himself

8. I tried to paint the house ___________.

A. mine B. I C. me D. myself

9. Exercising is really good for ___________ health.

A. our B. ours C. we D. us

10. Hurry up! They are waiting for ___________.

A. we B. our C. ourselves D. us

11. It is ___________ who have told you the truth.

A. them B. their C. they D. themselves

12. Sok was tired, but ___________ didn‘t go to bed.

A. he B. him C. his D. himself

13. They cooked it by ___________.

A. them B. they C. themselves D. theirs

14. Your house is more expensive than ___________.

A. mine B. my C. my house D. I am

15. She is a good friends of ___________.

A. they B. theirs C. their D. them

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Multiple Choice Questions 2

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

1. ___________ want to become doctors who can help a lot of patients.

A. Them B. Their C. Themselves D. They

2. She wants to meet ___________ baby, who lives far from her.
A. her B. she C. hers D. herself

3. It is ___________ with the egg.

A. him B. he C. himself D. his

4. She is not as tired as ___________.

A. he B. him C. him is D. himself

5. He is watching TV with ___________ brother in the living room.

A. her B. hers C. she D. herself

6. They are very kind to ___________, which makes feel shy.

A. I B. myself C. me D. my

7. It is one of ___________ cars.

A. my B. mine C. myself D. I

8. She is a friend of ___________.

A. your B. yours C. yourself D. you

9. They want to meet ___________.

A. us B. we C. ourselves D. ours

10. ___________ business is going well.

A. Our B. We C. Us D. Ourselves

11. She is envious of ___________ brother.

A. her B. hers C. she D. herself

12. He was not ashamed of ___________.

A. me B. mine C. myself D. I

13. It is easier for them than ___________.

A. we B. us C. our D. ourselves

14. What is on ___________ chest?

A. your B. yours C. you D. the

15. She bought ___________ son a present.

A. hers B. she C. herself D. her

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Multiple Choice Questions 3

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

1. The pen is ___________.

A. her B. hers C. herself D. she

2. Where did ___________ go yesterday?

A. he B. him C. himself D. his

3. What did ___________ friend buy last week?

A. my B. mine C. I D. me

4. Don‘t worry about ___________. They are old enough.

A. them B. they C. themselves D. their

5. He ___________ takes care of the egg.

A. his B. him C. himself D. himselves

6. They have planned to destroy ___________ country.

A. our B. we C. us D. ours

7. She is a professor of ___________.

A. our B. ours C. we are D. us

8. It is ___________ who didn‘t go with him.

A. us B. our C. we D. ourselves

9. She was furious with ___________.

A. me B. my C. I am D. my self

10. I am not as strong as ___________.

A. he is B. him is C. himself D. his are

11. When does ___________ return?

A. she B. her C. herself D. hers friend

12. What does the male penguin do after ___________ returns?

A. she B. her C. herself D. hers

13. They are not richer than ___________ relatives.

A. us B. our C. ours D. we

14. We are not sure whether ___________ friends will come here or not.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs

15. Your parents will come, but ___________ won‘t.

A. mine B. my C. me D. myself

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Pronoun Practice
A: Each of the following sentences contains at least one subject or object pronoun. Circle the pronouns.
Then indicate if the sentences are correct(C) or incorrect(I).

B: Each of the following sentences contains at least one possessive adjective or possessive pronoun.
Circle the possessives in these sentences. Then indicate if the sentences are correct(C) or incorrect(I).

Uncountable Nouns

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C: Each of the following sentences contains at least one pronoun. Draw arrows to the nouns they refer to.
Then indicate if the sentences are correct(C) or incorrect(I).

D: Indicate if the sentences are correct(C) or incorrect(I).

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E: Choose the letter of the underline word or a group of words that is not correct.

F: Fill in the following column with the correct pronouns.

5 Pronouns
Subject Object Possessive adj. Possessive Pro. Reflexive Pro.
I
You
We
They
He
She
It
You

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Mixed Grammar

Note 2

1. There is + singular noun 2. Encourage sb to do sth

3. There are + plural noun 4. Hundred/thousand/million + s

5. Will________Won‟t? 6. 2 millions people

7. Can________Can‟t? 8. Adjective + noun

9. Concentrate on 10. Teach sb how to do sth

11. Famous for 12. On foot

13. Those/These + plural noun 14. To be + adjective

15. This/That + singular noun 16. Adverb + verb

17. On + Date 18. Make changes

19. Accuse sb of doing sth 20. Cambodian-Cambodians

21. I am---------aren‟t? 22. Few-fewer-the fewest

23. If + subject + V-ed, subject + would + verb 24. Little-less-the least

25. Each/every + singular noun 26. A + consonant(A book)

27. Instead of 28. An + Vowel(A, E, I, O, U) (an apple)

29. Get married to sb 30. A +university/Europe

31. Force sb to do sth 32. An +hour/honest/honor

33. At the age of 34. An + Mp3/NTS( Sound “R‖)

35. Be allowed to do 36. Other + plural noun

37. Allow sb to do sth 38. Another + singular noun

39. We/You/They/Plural noun + were 40. Dara‟s pen

41. I/He/She/It/Singular noun + was 42. Parents‟ pen

43. In 2000/Ago_______ Past Simple(V-ed) 44. Police(plural noun)

45. One of + plural noun 46. Policeman/woman(singular noun)

47. Dara‘s longest pen 48. Police officer-police officers

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Practice 1
Use the grammar note above to create examples.
Part A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Part B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Part C
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Part D
1
2
3
4
5
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6
7
8
9
10

Part E
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Practice 2
A: Write a paragraph by using the grammar note you‟ve just learnt.
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Present Continuous

 There are three forms of Present Continuous Tense.

1) Positive
2) Negative
3) Question

A: Positive
Subjects To be Verb-ing Objects Examples
I am speaking English. I am speaking English.
He/She/It is speaking English. He is speaking English.
We/You/They are speaking English. We are speaking English.
Dara is speaking English. Dara is speaking English.
My parents are speaking English. My parents are speaking English.

B: Negative
Subjects To be Not Verb-ing Objects Examples
I am not Speaking English. I am not speaking English.
He/She/It is not Speaking English. He is not speaking English.
We/You/They are not Speaking English. We are not speaking English.
Dara is not Speaking English. Dara is not speaking English.
My parents are not Speaking English. My parents are not speaking English.

C: Question
To be Subjects Verb-ing Objects Examples
Am I speaking English? Am I speaking English?
Is he/she/it speaking English? Is he speaking English?
Are you/we/they speaking English? Are you speaking English?
Is Dara Speaking English? Is Dara speaking English?
Are the students speaking English? Are the students speaking English?

D: Short Answer (Yes/No question)

1) Are you a good student? Form:

 Yes, I am.  Yes, Subject(s) + am/is/are.
 No, I‟m not.  No, subject(s) + am/is/are + not.
Note:
2) Is he your teacher?  I am not: I‟m not. /I amn‟t.
 Is not: isn‟t.
 Yes, he is.
 Are not: aren‟t.
 No, he isn‟t.

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 Uses of Present Continuous

Present Continuous
1. Happening now
 She is speaking right now.
 Dara and Rada are farting now.
 My students are studying English with me today.
2. Activity happening around now
 Don‘t take this book. My father is reading it.
 She is preparing for the final this week.
3. Temporary Activity
 I don‘t have a job so now I am looking for a job.
 Now I am living in Phnom Penh.
4. Future arrangement

 She is flying to Cambodia tomorrow.

 Are you playing football next week?
 They are visiting Takeo province next year.
5. Annoying/Irritating Habits
(always, constantly, continually, repeatedly, forever)
 The boy is always asking me for candies.
 He is continually telling other people what to do.
 When he leaves from school, he is repeatedly throwing his bag on the bed.
6. A Gradual Change
 It is getting colder and colder.
 The test‘s difficulty is increasing.
 My grandfather is getting older and older.
7. Time Expressions
 This/These + week/day/year/weekend,
 Now, right now, look, at the moment.

SPELLING:

1 Verb + ing Examples: Cry-Crying, Work-Working, Speaking-Speaking, Fart-Farting

2 Verb-e, E + ing Examples: Argue-Arguing, Smile-Smiling, Cite-Citing, Hide-Hiding
3 Verb-oe/ee + ing Examples: Hoe-Hoeing, See-Seeing, Canoe-Canoeing, Shoe-Shoeing
4 Verb-y + ing Examples: Flying-Flying, Play-Playing, Pray-Praying, Slay-Slaying
5 Verb-ie, IE --Y Examples: Tie-Tying, Lie-Lying, Die-Dying
6 CVC-Double Examples: Rob-Robbing, Run-Running, Swim-Swimming, Forget-Forgetting
7 IC +K-ing Examples: Mimic-Mimicking, Panic-Panicking, Traffic-Trafficking
8 Notes Examples: Age-Aging/ageing, Binge-Bingeing/Binging, Eye-Eyeing/Eying,
Whinge-Whinging/ Whingeing, Singe-Singeing

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Double
 Forget forgetting  Refer referring  Forbid forbidding
 Admit admitting  Permit permitting  Control controlling
 Begin beginning  Occur occurring  Infer inferring
 Embed embedding  Regret regretting  Prefer Preferring
 Commit Committing  Emit Emitting 
Not double
 Offer offering  Suffer suffering  Listen listening
 Gossip gossiping  Exit exiting  Answer answering
 Visit visiting  Enter Entering  Vomit vomiting

Both double and Not Double

1. Travel travelling/traveling
2. Cancel cancelling/canceling
3. Worship worshipping /worshiping
 Double when the word is stressed in the middle. /rɪˈ fɜː r /
 Not double when the word is stressed in the front. /ˈ ɒf.ə r /

 Discuss the following verbs:(Be, think, have, taste, smell, see, look, appear, weigh)

“Be”
Are you hungry? Are/is/am
You are being foolish. Be = act

“Think”
I think you‘re right. Think = believe(opinion)
I am thinking about this grammar. Think = consider

“Have”
He has a car. Have = own(possession)
He is having a good time. Have = spend(activity)
He is having a bath. Have a bath = take a bath
He is having breakfast. Have = eat
“Taste”
This soup tastes delicious. Taste = have a particular flavor
My mother is tasting the soup she has made. Taste = eat

“Smell”
This room smells bad. Smell = have a particular smell
My friend is smelling the aroma of the flower. Smell = notice

“See”
He sees those pictures clearly. See = catch sight of; understand
He is seeing the zoo. See = visit; meet

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“Look”
You look about twenty. Look = have a particular appearance; seem
She is looking at herself in the mirror. Look = direct one‘s eyes; see

“Appear”
My parents appear unhappy. Appear = seem
The most famous singer is appearing on the stage. Appear = begin to be seen; perform

The seller is weighing the beef. Weigh: to measure the heaviness of an object
How much do you weigh? Weigh: to have a weight

Practice
A: Use the verbs in the box below to create some present continuous sentences.

Walk Go Watch Play Listen

Talk Teach Swim Run Cry

1. ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________________

B: Are the following sentences correct (C) or incorrect (I)?

1. ( ) They are dancing in the room.

2. ( ) She are playing football in the garden behind our house.
3. ( ) We are type the computer right now.
4. ( ) He laughing loudly in the living room.
5. ( ) It is raining heavily.
6. ( ) Dara is smiling.
7. ( ) Tevi and Sok is crying.
8. ( ) We going to the market.
9. ( ) You are writing a letter to Mr. B.
10. ( ) I am speak English.

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C: Spelling:

A: Add –ing to the following verbs.

1. Stay  _ 2. Blame  _

3. Hit  _____________ 4. Explain  _____________
5. Type  _____________ 6. Run  _____________
7. Read  _____________ 8. Panic  _____________
9. Write  _____________ 10. See  _____________
11. Canoe  _____________ 12. Swim  _____________

B: Add –ing to the following verbs.

1. Lie  _ 2. Meet  _

3. Do  _____________ 4. Fly  _____________
5. Traffic  _____________ 6. Tell  _____________
7. Explain  _____________ 8. Change  _____________
9. Hide  _____________ 10. Teach  _____________
11. Argue  _____________ 12. Free  _____________

C: Add –ing to the following verbs.

1. Speak  _ 2. Tie  _

3. Praise  _____________ 4. Ride  _____________
5. Clean  _____________ 6. Explode  _____________
7. Read  _____________ 8. Come  _____________
9. Hoe  _____________ 10. Tap  _____________
11. Grin  _____________ 12. Mimic  _____________

D: Add –ing to the following verbs.

1. Sit  _ 2. Gossip  _

3. Forget  _____________ 4. Offer  _____________
5. Shine  _____________ 6. Stare  _____________
7. Stir  _____________ 8. Admit  _____________
9. Say  _____________ 10. Fill  _____________

E: Add –ing to the following verbs.

1. Stoop  _ 2. Travel  _

3. Arc  _____________ 4. Bite  _____________
5. Make  _____________ 6. Break  _____________
7. Age  _____________ 8. Eye  _____________
9. Singe  _____________ 10. Whinge  _____________

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F: Write the negative forms of the following sentences.

1. They are making a phone call.
 ________________________________________________________________
2. She is walking to her office this afternoon.
 ________________________________________________________________
3. We are arguing about one unimportant problem right now.
 ________________________________________________________________
4. He is studying English in the study.
 ________________________________________________________________
5. It is snowing.
 ________________________________________________________________

6. We are riding a bicycle to school today.

 ________________________________________________________________
7. Dara and Sovann are listening to the radio.
 ________________________________________________________________
8. She is talking on the phone.
 ________________________________________________________________
9. He is writing a report for the chairman.
 ________________________________________________________________
10. They are standing in front of our house.
 ________________________________________________________________

G: Write the question forms of the following sentences.

1. He is traveling around the world.

 ________________________________________________________________
2. Sopheak is taking a bath.
 ________________________________________________________________
3. We are having dinner.
 ________________________________________________________________
4. Tevi is doing her homework in the living room.
 ________________________________________________________________
5. You are watching TV.
 ________________________________________________________________
6. He is sleeping in the kitchen.
 ________________________________________________________________
7. It is raining.
 ________________________________________________________________
8. It is drizzling.
 ________________________________________________________________
9. They are going to the hospital to visit the patients.
 ________________________________________________________________
10. My parents are discussing a problem.
 ________________________________________________________________
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H: Decide the following sentences correct or incorrect. Write C for correct and I for incorrect.

1. ( ) She is shouting loudly outside her house.

2. ( ) They are no writing the letter.
3. ( ) Are they be blaming you for being late?
4. ( ) We are sitting on the floor?
5. ( ) They are to giving a presentation about an environmental pollution.
6. ( ) She not is telling you the truth.
7. ( ) You are not going to the movies.
8. ( ) I am thinking about one problem.
9. ( ) Is she talking to you right now?
10. ( ) They are working so hard this month?

I. Complete the following sentences using present continuous.

1. She _______________ (walk) to school.

2. He _______________ (not/go) home.
3. They _______________(play) football with us.
4. It _______________ (not/rain) heavily.
5. We _______________ (stay) at home.
6. _______________ she _______________ (type) the computer?
7. She _______________ (listen) to the radio.
8. We _______________(sit) in the living room.
9. _______________ they _______________ (laugh) happily?
10. He _______________ (not/watch) TV in the bedroom.

J. Complete the following sentences using present continuous.

1. Sophorn ________________(read) a newspaper.

2. They ________________(not/fly) to Cambodia.
3. He ________________(not/smile) at me.
4. ________________(it/dance)?
5. Yay Pheak ________________(blame) Mr. Kunthear Boy.
6. Thera ________________(teach) her two dogs how to dance.
7. ________________(Varsey/do) meditation?
8. Tham Srey Mom ________________(sleep) in the toilet.
9. Chea Eng Mey ________________(eat) a bow.
10. Pharrot ________________(not/fart). He ________________(wet) the trousers.
11. ________________(Chanra/swim) in the bathroom?
12. Doeurn ________________(cook) a tree for his breakfast.
13. Piseth ________________(not/hit) his sister. His sister ________________(pull) his hair.
14. Vannet ________________(slap) Cheata on the face.
15. Soklen ________________(preach) the Dharma to her parents.

K: Short Answers. Write the short answers for the following present continuous questions.

1. Is it raining heavily? Yes, ____________

2. Are Chomrong and Rongchom playing tennis? No, ____________
3. Is she reading a magazine? Yes, ____________
4. Is he staying in Phnom Penh? Yes, ____________
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5. Are they driving their car to work? No, ____________

6. Is your teacher standing over there? Yes, ____________
7. Are you preparing your lessons? Yes, ____________
8. Are they watching TV? No, ____________
9. Is Nita eating her clothes? No, ____________
10. Are you friends waiting for you? Yes, ____________

L: Word Order:

A: Put the following words in the correct order.

1. through/space/is/it/traveling.
 ________________________________________________________________
2. for/waiting/is/you/he/the/living room/in.
 ________________________________________________________________
3. are/they/TV/watching?
 ________________________________________________________________
4. Earth/pictures/100/is/than/more/it/on/carrying/of.
 ________________________________________________________________
5. It/away/is/from/moving/Earth.
 ________________________________________________________________

B: Put the following words in the correct order.

1. on/telephone/Mony/talking/the/is.
 ________________________________________________________________
2. play/are/children/what/playing/the/in/room?
 ________________________________________________________________
3. today/he/feeling/sad/is.
 ________________________________________________________________
4. their/doing/are/they/homework/now.
 ________________________________________________________________
5. a/playing/game/she/is.
 ________________________________________________________________

M: Wh-questions
A: Answer the following questions:

1. What are you doing now?

 ________________________________________________________________
2. What is your teacher doing?
 ________________________________________________________________
3. What are your friends doing?
 ________________________________________________________________
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4. Who is walking in the class?

 ________________________________________________________________
5. Who are listening to your teacher?
 ________________________________________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST Completes each of the following sentences.

1. Sreyroth ____________on the phone.

A. are talking B. is talk
C. talking D. is talking

2. The rice ____________!

A. are burning B. is to burning
C. is no burning D. is burning

3. Ratana ____________ her hair.

A. is wash B. washing
C. is washing D. is to washing

4. Tola ____________the newspaper.

A. is not reading B. is no reading
C. not is reading D. is reading not

5. ____________ at the library?

A. Is Channa studying B. Channa is studying
C. Channa is not studying D. Is studying Channa

6. The children ____________ because they are excited.

A. are yell B. yelling
C. are yelling D. are to yelling

7. They ____________a good time.

A. are have B. are having
C. has D. are to having

8. Sothea ____________ for his car keys.

A. not is looking B. is no looking
C. is not looking D. not looking

9. The chef ____________ the soup.

A. is tasting B. taste
C. tasting D. is be tasting

10. I ____________ about her. I love her very much.

A. am think B. am thinking
C. am to thinking D. thinking am

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 2

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. ______________ above the earth en route to Argentina!

A. I am sit in a seat 30,000 feet B. I am siting in a seat 30,000 feet
C. I am sitting in a seat 30,000 feet D. I am no sitting in a seat 30,000 feet

2. My ______________ in the garden because they need to finish their work soon.
A. host parent are still working B. host parents are still working
C. host parents still are working D. host parents are working still

3. ______________ because we are hungry.

A. We are have dinner right now B. We are having dinner right now
C. We are no having dinner right now D. Are we having dinner right now

4. Right now, ______________ and trying to read my journal.

A. my brother looking over my shoulder B. my brother are looking over my shoulder
C. my brother is to looking over my shoulder D. my brothers is looking over my shoulder

5. ______________ in the classroom?

A. What you are doing B. What are you do
C. What are you to doing D. What are you doing

6. I am a little tired. I ______________. Hey, is that your teacher over there?

A. am no working hard this semester B. still am working hard this semester
C. am working hard this semester D. am not still working hard this semester

7. I wonder what‘s wrong. ______________. He looks uncomfortable.

A. He looking at her B. He is looking at her
C. He is to looking at her D. He is looking at her

8. Where is Sok? He ______________. Please go to call him to come here.

A. is lieing on the beach B. is lying on the beach
C. is lieying on the beach D. lying on the beach

9. They are not in Siem Reap. ______________.

A. They is staying in Phnom Penh B. They are staiing in Phnom Penh
C. They are staying in Phnom Penh D. They are stayying in Phnom Penh

10. It is not good of her to do such a thing. She ______________.

A. is mimicing her teacher B. is mimicking her teacher
C. mimicing her teacher D. mimicking her teacher

Write a paragraph by using Present Continuous Tense.

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Past Simple

There are three forms of Past Simple Tense.

1. Positive I always swam in the river when I was a child.
2. Negative She didn‟t speak with you two minutes ago.
3. Question Did they call you last night?

 Discuss the following sentences.

1. I go to school everyday.
2. I am going to school now.
3. I went to school yesterday.

Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs

1. Teach Taught 1. Work Worked
2. Think Thought 2. Argue Argued
3. Lie Lay 3. Stay Stayed
4. Lay Laid 4. Cry Cried
5. Win Won 5. Try Tired
6. Forget Forgot 6. Cram Crammed
7. Cost Cost 7. Offer Offered
8. Put Put 8. gossip Gossiped

A: Spellings
1) Usually(Verb + ed) 3) Consonant + Y___Y___+ ied
Verb1 Verb2 Verb1 Verb2
Convict convicted Cry Cried
Work worked Try tried
2) Verb_e+ d 4) Vowel(A, E, I, O, U) + Y + ed
Verb1 Verb2 Verb1 Verb2
Accuse Accused Stay stayed
Change Changed Pray prayed
5) Consonant + Vowel + Consonant______double Note:
Verb1 Verb2  Verbs ending with W, X, Y_____No double
Cram crammed Examples: Boxed, mixed, showed, prayed…..
Stop stopped

B: Forms
Positive
 Subject + Verb2 Example: I studied English at DPSC in 2008.

Negative
 Subject + did not (didn‟t) + Verb1 Example: I didn‘t study English at DPSC in 2008.

Question
 Did + subject + Verb1…? Example: Did you study English at DPSC in 2008?
 Matching:
1. _____They taught me yesterday. a) Negative
2. _____They didn‘t teach me yesterday. b) Question
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3. _____Did they teach me yesterday? c) Positive

C: Short Answer(Yes/No question)

1. Did she work hard? Yes, she did.

2. Did your parents love you? No, they didn‟t.
3. Did Dara try to study English? Yes, he did. / No, he didn‟t.

 Forms:
 Yes, subject + did.
 No, subject + didn‟t.

D: Uses
Past Simple
1) To express an action which happened and finish at a specific time in the past
 I watched TV last night.
 Rady dreamt about a ghost yesterday.

2) To express a past habit

 When I was young, I always played football.
 She used to swim in the toilet when she was 6.

3) To interrupt past continuous

 While I was studying English, she arrived.
 They called him while he was taking a bath.

4) To express a series of action which happened one after another in the past.
 She got out of the car, locked the door, and walked towards her office.
 They hit me, ran away and fell into the river.

5) To express an action that happens at the same time as another action in the past.
 I arrived home when it started to rain.
 I laughed as when my friend cried.

6) Time and Expressions

 Last, ago, yesterday, in(year, decade, century), for(duration), this morning.

 When we tell a story, we often use the Past Continuous to describe a background scene and the
Past Simple for events and actions.

Example: I was standing outside the bus station. It was getting late and I was feeling tired. I was
waiting for a man called Tom. Suddenly, a woman came round the corner and walked right up to me.
Then, she asked me whether I was Mr. Tom.

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LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS

Base Form Past Simple Base form Past Simple
1. Arise arose 37. Find found
2. Awake awoke 38. Flee fled
3. Bear bore 39. Fling flung
4. Beat beat 40. Fly flew
5. Become became 41. Forbear forbore
6. Begin began 42. Forbid forbade
7. Bend bent 43. Forget forgot
8. Bet bet 44. Forgive forgave
9. Bind bound 45. Forsake forsook
10. Bite bit 46. Forswear forswore
11. Bleed bled 47. Freeze froze
12. Blow blew 48. Get got
13. Break broke 49. Give gave
14. Breed bred 50. Go went
15. Bring brought 51. Grind ground
16. Build built 52. Grow grew
17. Burst burst 53. Hear heard
18. Buy bought 54. Hide hid
19. Cast cast 55. Hit hit
20. Catch caught 56. Hold held
21. Choose chose 57. Hurt hurt
22. Cling clung 58. Keep kept
23. Come came 59. Know knew
24. Cost cost 60. Lay laid
25. Creep crept 61. Lead led
26. Cut cut 62. Leave left
27. Deal dealt 63. Lend lent
28. Dig dug 64. Let let
29. Draw drew 65. Lose lost
30. Drink drank 66. Make made
31. Drive drove 67. Mean meant
32. Eat ate 68. Meet met
33. Fall fell 69. Pay paid
34. Feed fed 70. Put put
35. Feel felt 71. Quit quit
36. Fight fought 72. Read read

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73. Rend rent 111. Strew strewed

74. Ride rode 112. Stride strode
75. Ring rang 113. Strike struck
76. Rise rose 114. String strung
77. Run ran 115. Strive strove
78. See saw 116. Swear swore
79. Seek sought 117. Sweep swept
80. Sell sold 118. Swim swam
81. Send sent 119. Swing swung
82. Set set 120. Take took
83. Sew sewed 121. Teach taught
84. Shake shook 122. Tear tore
85. Shed shed 123. Tell told
86. Shine shone 124. Think thought
87. Shoe shod 125. Throw threw
88. Shoot shot 126. Thrust thrust
89. Show showed 127. Tread trod
90. Shrink shrank 128. Understand understood
91. Shut shut 129. Wear wore
92. Sing sang 130. Weep wept
93. Sink sank 131. Win won
94. Sit sat 132. Wind wound
95. Slay slew 133. Wring wrung
96. Sleep slept 134. Write wrote
97. Slide slid
98. Sling slung
99. Slink slunk
100. Sow sowed
101. Speak spoke
102. Spend spent
103. Spin spun
104. Spread spread
105. Spring sprang
106. Stand stood
107. Steal stole
108. Stick stuck
109. Sting stung
110. Stink stank

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PAST SIMPLE
A: Write the negative forms of the following sentences.

1. I wrote a book last year.

________________________________________________________________________________
2. She sold a house to you.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. They played football last week.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. We cooked dinner.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. You had breakfast.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. They came here yesterday.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. It rained heavily.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. You went to school.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. Dara understood me.
________________________________________________________________________________
10. Tevi spent a lot of money on clothes.
________________________________________________________________________________

B: Write the question forms of the following sentences.

1. We worked on a farm.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. They said to me.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. It snowed last year.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. They paid a lot of money.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. You shouted at us.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. She read a book.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. He booked the room.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. You met her.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. She ran to school.
________________________________________________________________________________
10. I saw a small house.
________________________________________________________________________________
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C: Write the negative and question forms of the following sentences.

1. He cooked dinner for us.

N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
2. They bought you a house.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
3. I cleaned the floor.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
4. They drank a lot of water.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
5. We knew him.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
6. They listened to music.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
7. He bathed his mother.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
8. We remembered them.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
9. She spoke English.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________
10. She lent me some money.
N: _______________________________________________________________________
Q: _______________________________________________________________________

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Past Simple
A: Answer the following short answers about yourself.

1. Did you go to school yesterday? _______________________________________________

2. Did you meet your parents this morning? ______________________________________________
3. Did you play football last week? ______________________________________________
4. Did you have breakfast yesterday morning? ______________________________________________
5. Did you steal your mother’s money last year? ______________________________________________
6. Did you watch TV this morning? ______________________________________________
7. Did you read a book last night? ______________________________________________
8. Did you go to the toilet yesterday afternoon? ______________________________________________
9. Did you take a nap yesterday? ______________________________________________
10. Did you meet the one you love last week? ______________________________________________
B: Answer the following questions.
1. Where did you go this morning? _______________________________________________
2. What time did you get up this morning? _______________________________________________
3. What time did you go to bed last night? _______________________________________________
4. Why did you go to school yesterday? _______________________________________________
5. What did your teacher teach yesterday? _______________________________________________
6. How did you come to school today? _______________________________________________
7. How much money did you have this morning? _______________________________________________
8. How many friends did you meet yesterday? _______________________________________________
9. What did you do a few minutes ago? _______________________________________________
10. When did you last go to a pagoda? _______________________________________________
C: Are the following sentences correct or incorrect? Then, correct the mistakes.
1) ____I went to my school now. _______________________________________________
2) ____She did not came with me. _______________________________________________
3) ____Did you love me? _______________________________________________
4) ____I want to stay home yesterday. _______________________________________________
5) ____We ran very fast two minutes ago. _______________________________________________
6) ____They did not looked after me. _______________________________________________
7) ____Did she knew the information? _______________________________________________
8) ____Did he enjoying the movie? _______________________________________________
9) ____Did it like the bone in the bowl? _______________________________________________
10) ____Dara didn‘t lived with him. _______________________________________________
11) ____Chetra wants to speak English in 2000. _______________________________________________
12) ____Oudom informed me about the news? _______________________________________________
13) ____Chhay Lin didn‘t farted in the class. _______________________________________________
14) ____Sivleng singed a song yesterday. _______________________________________________
15) ____Sreylao plaied football with Chakrilao. _______________________________________________
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PAST SIMPLE
Direction: Chooses the best answer.

1. She _____________ hard.

A. to study B. study C. studying D. studied

2. They _____________ stronger.

A. was B. not were C. becomed D. became

3. They didn’t _____________ us.

A. knew B. knows C. knowing D. know

4. We _____________ two books yesterday.

A. read B. reading C. readed D. rode

5. Did he _____________ you?

A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told

6. They _____________ to inform us.

A. tried B. tries C) didn’t tried D. is trying

7. She stole the money and _____________ away.

A. running B. runned C. run D. ran

8. She _____________ loudly in the kitchen.

A. cryed B. to cry C. not cried D. cried

9. We _____________ beer.
A. drank B. drunked C. drink didn’t D. not drank

10. He _____________ there very much.

A. wanted to went B. want to went C. wanting to go D. wanted to go

11. She _____________ very friendly to us.

A. didn’t be B. not was C. were not D. was not

12. They _____________ the task.

A. completing B. completeed C. completed D. to completed

13. She _____________ me a lot of interesting novels.

A. give B. gived C. gave D. giving

14. We _____________ two hours a day reading books.

A. to spend B. spending C. spended D. spent

15. It _____________ too much.

A. doesn’t rained B. didn’t rain C. didn’t rained D. did no rain

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PAST SIMPLE
Direction: Chooses the best answer.
1. _________________
A. They stayed with us? B. He didn’t come here?
C. Did he agree? D. Did they transform their lives?

2. _____________ with us.

A. She didn’t wanted to go B. Did she want to go ?
C. Did she wanted to go D. She didn’t want to went

3. _____________ the report?

A. We didn’t write B. We wrote
C. Did we write D. Did we wrote

4. She _____________ at school.

A. Was not B. were not C. not was D. didn’t be

5. They _____________ the victim.

A. robed B. robbed C. not robbed D .didn’t robbed
6. She _____________ to music.
A. listened B. didn’t listened C. didn’t listens D. listen
7. They _____________ the lesson.
A. not understood B. didn’t understanding
C. undstanded D. didn’t understand
8. Don and Doa _____________ dejected.
A. is B. was C. were D. be
9. They _____________ us.
A. did you blame B. blamed and praise
C. didn’t praise D. didn’t blamed
10. They _____________ down on us.
A. to looked B. looking C. don’t looked D. didn’t look
11. We _____________ to stay there.
A. was B. is C. be D. were
12. They _____________ Mr. C.
A. blamed and hit C. blamed and hitted
C. blame and hitted D. blame and hitting
13. It didn’t _____________.
A. rain and snowed B. rain and snow
C. rained and snowed D. rained and snow
14. They came to _____________ with the director.
A. talk B. talked C. talking D. talks
15. They _____________ all of us.
A. admireed B. didn’t to admire C. didn’t admire D. did no admire

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Write a paragraph by using Past Simple.

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Have/Have Got
A: Forms
Positive
Have Have Got
 I/we/you/they/ones + have  I/we/you/they/ones + have got
 I have a smart baby.  I have got a smart baby.

 He/she/it/one + has  He/she/it/one + has got

 He has a lazy child.  He has a lazy child.
Negative
Have Have Got
 I/we/you/they/ones + don't have  I/we/you/they/ones + have not got
 I don't have a smart baby.  I have not got a smart baby.

 He/she/it/one + doesn't have /has  He/she/it/one + has not got

 He doesn't have a lazy child.  He has not got a lazy child.
Question
Have Have Got
 Do + I/we/you/they/ones + have---?  Have + I/you/they/we + got---?
 Do you have a smart baby?  Have you got a smart baby?

 Does + he/she/it/one + have---?  Has + he/she/it/one + got---?

 Does he have a lazy child?  Has he got a lazy child?

 Instead of using "don't/doesn't have", we can use "Have No/ Has no".
Example: I don't have money. I have no money.

B: Short Answers(Yes/No question)

1) Do you have a book?
 Yes, I do.
 No, I don't.
Have/Has
2) Does she have a pen? Yes, subject(s) + do/does.
 Yes, she does. No, subject(s) + don‘t/doesn‘t.
 No, she doesn't.
Have got/Has got
1) Have you got a book?
Yes, subject(s) + have/has.
 Yes, I have.
 No, I haven't. No, subject(s) + haven‘t/hasn‘t.

2) Has she got a pen?

 Yes, she has.
 No, she hasn't.

C: Uses
 Have or Have Got?
"Have" and "have got" have the same meaning but few differences. First, "have" differs from "have
got" due to their forms, positive, negative and question. Second, "have got" is regularly used in a spoken
language.

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Practice

Have & Have got

A) HAVE: Write the negative and question forms of the following sentences.

1. I have an umbrella.
(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

2. She has many good friends.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

3. They have lunch every day.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

4. Dara has many English tests.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

5. It has old traditions.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

B) HAVE GOT: Write the negative and question forms of the following sentences.

1. She has got an interesting novel.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

2. They have got two companies in Phnom Penh.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

3. He has got a small family.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

4. We have got similar backgrounds.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

5. Tevi has got a picture.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

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C) Write the negative and questions of the following sentences.

1. He has a computer.
(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

2. She has got a new manager.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

3. They have only one child.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

4. We have a great deal of money.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

D) Write the shorts answers of the following questions.

1. Have you got a dictionary? Yes, __________________________.

2. Has she got a house? No, __________________________
3. Does she have any problems? Yes, __________________________
4. Do they have a tractor? No, __________________________

E) Rewrite the following sentences by replacing have with have got.

Dara is a student. He studies English at DPSC. He has many books, but he doesn‟t have many magazines
because he likes to read books. In his room, he has some English dictionaries. He uses them very often.
However, he doesn‟t have any pencils because he likes to use pens. Based on this, does Dara have a rich
family, do you think?
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A) Write the negative and question forms of the following sentences.

1. She has got a visa card.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

2. He has two small dogs.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

3. They have a garden full of flowers.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

4. Sitha has got a picture.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

5. They have got a mobile phone.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

6. Phoumy and Savet have a promising career.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

7. It has got a perennial problem.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

8. We have a formidable obstacle.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________
9. Sophi has got a leading company.
(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

10. Dara has a shabby aparment.

(x) _________________________________________________________________
(?) _________________________________________________________________

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B) Rewrite the following sentences using Have got.

1. She has a few coins.

________________________________________________________________________
2. He does not have any information.
________________________________________________________________________
3. Does she have any brothers?
________________________________________________________________________
4. Dara does not have a little money.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Do they have a ruler?
________________________________________________________________________
6. We don‘t have a computer.
________________________________________________________________________
7. He has a small cottage.
________________________________________________________________________
8. Does Sok have a video?
________________________________________________________________________
9. It doesn‘t have a school.
________________________________________________________________________
10. He doesn‘t have a problem.
________________________________________________________________________

C) Rewrite the following sentences using have.

1. He has got a teacher.

________________________________________________________________________
2. He has not got a cold.
________________________________________________________________________
3. Have you got a hammer?
________________________________________________________________________
4. They have got two cats.
________________________________________________________________________
5. She has not got an earphone.
________________________________________________________________________
6. Has he got a sofa?
________________________________________________________________________
7. Sok has not got a pet bird.
________________________________________________________________________
8. We have got a smaller bag.
________________________________________________________________________
9. Has he got a room?
________________________________________________________________________
10. Rith and Seth have not got a car.
________________________________________________________________________

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Have & Have got

A: Answer the following questions.

1) What do you have in your bag?

_________________________________________________________________________
2) How many books have you got?
_________________________________________________________________________
3) How many pens do you have?
_________________________________________________________________________
4) How many friends do you have?
_________________________________________________________________________
5) How many friends have you got?
_________________________________________________________________________
6) How many teachers do you have?
_________________________________________________________________________
7) How many teachers have you got?
_________________________________________________________________________
8) What does ASC have?
_________________________________________________________________________
9) What has ASC got?
_________________________________________________________________________
10) Who has got a marker in this class?
_________________________________________________________________________

B: Write a short paragraph by using Have/Have Got.

_________________________________________________________________________

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Modal Auxiliary Verbs (1)

 Modal verbs: may, might, must, can, could, shall, should, will, would, ought to)

A: Positive
Subject + Modal Verbs + Verb1 + Object

Examples: She might recognize me.

He will win a scholarship.
She could swim when she was six.

B: Negative
Subject + Modal Verbs + Not + Verb1 + Object

Examples: I will not allow you to make me sad.

You should not persist in smoking.
We ought not to have dinner with him.

C: Question
Modal Verbs + Subject + Verb1 + Object?

Examples: Will you love me?

Can I help you?
May I go out tonight?

 We do not pluralize modal verbs with all subjects.

Examples: She must go to see the doctor.
Examples: She musts go to see the doctor.

 The verb after modal verbs cannot be pluralized as well.

Examples: He can use my mobile phone.
Examples: He can uses my mobile phone.
 Modal can be used as follows:
1) Probability/Certainty
2) Ability
3) Advice
4) Obligation

A: Probability/Certainty:
Will/must/may/could/might

Will be(95%-99%)
Will(ប្រាកដជា) That will be Chetra.
Will not(won‘t) (ប្រាកដជាមិន) That won‘t be Cheata.

Must be/Can‟t (90%-95%)

Must (ប្រាកដជា) He must be rich.
Can‘t (ប្រាកដជាមិន) You can‘t be disappointed.
May, could, might(30%-50%)

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May That may be frightening.

Could ប្ររហែលជា You could be worried about your child.
Might They might be happy.

Analyze the following sentences.

1) I‟m sure that he is rich.

 He must be rich.

2) We are not sure that she likes it.

 She might like it.

3) I‟m sure he doesn‟t come here.

 He can‘t come here.

B: Ability
 Can/be able to
 Could/was/were able to

1) Can/be able to(present & future)

Example: I can speak English.
Example: I am able to speak English.

2) Modal verb + be able/can

Example: I will be able to buy a car.

3) Could &was/were able to(past)

Example: He was able to play tennis very well when he was six.
Example: He could play it well at the age of ten.
Example: Last night, it rained heavily. However, in the end, I was able to arrive home safely.

 Could-general ability
 Was/were able to & managed to do-specific situation

4) Negative-could/was, were able

Example: I couldn‟t help blaming her.

5) Could + smell/hear/see/taste
Example: When I walked into the kitchen, I could hear a strange.

C: Advice
 Should/Ought to/Had better
1) Should Should + Verb1 Should + not + Verb1
2) Ought to Ought to do Ought not to do
3) Had better Had better do Had better not do

 Should/ought to-advice(no problem)

 Had better-advice(problem)

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D: Obligation
Necessity-“Must & Have to”

 Must-speaker & strong suggestion

 Have to-rule/law & forcing situation

 Don‘t have to –not necessary (It‘s ok whether you do it or not.)

 Mustn‘t-necessary not to do (You will be in trouble if you still do it.)

MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS PRACTICE

A) Rewrite the following sentences using modal auxiliary verbs you have learnt.

1. I am sure she steals your money.

2. They are not sure he plays truant.

3. Probably he is at school.

4. He is sure that she is rather hungry.

5. Maybe she likes you.

6. He is sure that he does not study as hard.

7. I am sure that she stays at school.

8. They are sure they do not understand our comments.

9. We are not sure that he reads books every day.

10. Maybe she is friendly to us.

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MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS PRACTICE

A: Use the following modal verbs to create sentences as much as you can.
Positive
1) May I
2) Might We
3) Must You
4) Can They
5) Could He
6) Shall She
7) Should It
8) Will Socheatra
9) Would My teachers
10) Ought to Senglin and Vuthdom

Negative
1) May I
2) Might We
3) Must You
4) Can They
5) Could He
6) Shall She
7) Should It
8) Will Socheatra
9) Would My teachers
10) Ought to Senglin and Vuthdom

Question
1) May I
2) Might We
3) Must You
4) Can They
5) Could He
6) Shall She
7) Should It
8) Will Socheatra
9) Would My teachers
10) Ought to Senglin and Vuthdom

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MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS PRACTICE

A: Choose the correct options.

1) ____________ your pen? 9) You ____________on time, or we will
A. May I borrowing leave without you.
B. May I borrow A. had better are
C. I can borrow B. had better be
D. Could I borrowed C. had better to be
D. should be
2) You ____________the room.
A. may leaving 10) ____________to class today.
B. may left A. She musts go
C. could be left B. I must going
D. may leave C. She must goes
D. I must go
3) He ____________at the library.
A. may 11) ____________open that door.
B. may being A. You don‘t must
C. may is B. She musts not
D. may be C. You not must
D. You must not
4) He ____________at the library.
A. mights be 12) I ____________to the meeting this
B. might is afternoon.
C. might being A. have to go
D. might be B. has to go
C. have not to go
5) ____________ I borrow your pen? D. have go
A. Might
B. Would 13) I ____________dinner.
C. Must A. have not to cook
D. Ought to B. don‘t has to cook
C. don‘t have cook
6) I ____________tonight. D. don‘t have to cook
A. should study
B. should studying 14) He ____________here at 5:00.
C. must to study A. wills be
D. had better to study B. will is
C. will be
7) She ____________on the test. D. will being
A. should do good
B. should doing well 15) I ____________very fast.
C. should do well A. can not run
D. should did well B. can‘t running
C. can run
8) I ____________tonight. D. cannot to run
A. ought study to
B. ought to study 16) _________________ .
C. ought to studying A. That can‘t be true!
D. ought to studied B. That can‘t true!
C. That can be truly!
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D. That can is true!

19) I ____________English well.
17) You ____________to your teacher. A. will be able to studying
A. could to talk B. can be able to study
B. could talking C. will be able to study
C. caned talk D. am able study
D. could talk
20) He ____________here tonight.
18) I ____________you. A. won‘t comes
A. am able to helping B. wills not comes
B. am able to help C. wills not come
C. able to help D. won‘t come
D. can be able to help

B: Choose the letter(A, B, C or D) that best completes each sentence.

1. ―Chakriya has come up with a good plan.‖ ―_____________ to tell everyone tomorrow?‖
A. Ought we B. Must we C. Should we D. May we

2. On the average, a healthy heart___________ pump five tablespoons of blood with every beat.
A. must B. ought C. can D. should

3. ―It___________ rain this evening. Why don‘t you take an umbrella?‖

A. had better B. could be C. must D. might

4. The hill threatened the surrounding villages with destruction. The villages______________ .
A. might be destroy B. might be destroyed
C. could be destroying D. will be destroyed

5. Sivleang has a test tomorrow. She________________ now.

A. could study B. will study C. should be studying D. must be studying

6. I____________ do that if I were you.

A. won‘t B. wouldn‘t C. shan‘t D. don‘t

7. I wish that I _______________ speak French.

A. can B. will C. could D. would

8. I______________ go to bed late tonight. I have to get up early tomorrow.

A. should B. mustn‘t C. must D. can

9. You_____________ finish your soup if you don‘t like it.

A. must B. don‘t have to C. should D. wouldn‘t

10. The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone__________________.
A. could escape B. can escape C. is able to escape D. was able to escape

Write your answers here:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS PRACTICE

A: Rewrite the following sentences with “must, can‟t and may/might/could”.
1) I am sure she is your friend.
_________________________________________________________________________

2) I am sure she is not your teacher.

_________________________________________________________________________

3) I am not sure that they help us.

_________________________________________________________________________

4) Probably he passes the exam.

_________________________________________________________________________

5) Maybe they win a scholarship.

_________________________________________________________________________

6) She is sure that they are outstanding students.

_________________________________________________________________________

7) I am sure Dara doesn‘t write that book.

_________________________________________________________________________

8) My teacher is sure that we succeed in our short course.

_________________________________________________________________________

9) My friends are not sure that they have money to pursue their study.
_________________________________________________________________________

10) Probably he sleeps in the toilet.

_________________________________________________________________________

11) She maybe works in the office.

_________________________________________________________________________

12) I am not sure that the world gets hotter.

_________________________________________________________________________

13) They are certain that my parents live longer.

_________________________________________________________________________

14) We are not sure that our guests come to the party.
_________________________________________________________________________

15) He is sure that the dog doesn‘t eat his breakfast.

_________________________________________________________________________

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B: Complete these sentences with mustn‟t or don‟t/doesn‟t have to.

1. I don‘t want anyone to know. You ______________ tell anyone.

2. He ______________ get to wear a suit to work but he usually does.

3. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I ______________ go to work.

4. Whatever you do, you ______________ touch that switch. It‘s very dangerous.

5. There is a lift in the building, so we ______________ climb the stairs.

6. You ______________ forget what I told you. It‘s very important.

7. Sue ______________ get up early. She gets up early if she wants to.

8. Don‘t make so much noise. We ______________ wake the baby.

9. I ______________ eat too much. I‘m supposed to be on a diet.

10. You ______________ be a good player to enjoy a game of tennis.

11. You ______________ smoke at petrol stations.

12. She ______________ have to come if she doesn‘t want to.

13. We ______________ miss the train. It‘s the last one tonight.

14. I ______________ do this work tonight. I can do it tomorrow.

15. I ______________ clean the floor today. I cleaned it yesterday.

16. We ______________ forget to lock all the doors before we go away.

17. They ______________ sit in the sun for too long. They might get burnt.

18. We ______________ stay in a hotel in London. We can stay with my cousin.

19. He ______________ come home too late. He‘s got an important day tomorrow.

20. We ______________ spend too much money tonight. We‘ve only got a little left.

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Adjectives and Adverbs

 Study the following examples.

1) He is intelligent.
2) She is a quick learner.
3) They are absolutely furious.
4) I walk slowly.
5) She is very clever.
6) It is a beautifully designed building.
7) She asks me immediately.
8) Generally, I practice speaking English in the class with my friend.
Spellings:
A: Adverb 3. e + ly
1. Adjective + ly  Polite politely
Adjective Adverb  Desperate desperately
 Sage safely  Complete completely
 Slow slowly  Rude rudely
 Careful carefully
 Important importantly 4. le-----ly
 Gentle gently
2. Y-----Y + ily  Sensible sensibly
 Lazy lazily  Reliable reliably
 Happy happily  Able ably
 Easy easily
 Pretty prettily 5. ic + ally
 Noisy noisily  Academic academically
 Automatic automatically

Note1: Note3:
 Public publicly Some adjectives end with “ly”.
 Full fully manly, motherly, sickly, poorly(ill), costly,
 Whole wholly beastly(unkind), cowardly, deadly, friendly, likely,
 True truly brotherly, leisurely, lovely, lively, womanly,
princely, scholarly, silly, ugly and unlikely.
Note2:
 Fast fast Ex: She offered some friendly advice. (Here the
 Hard hard adjective friendly modifies the noun advice.)
 Ill(bad) Ill There are no adverbs friendly/friendlily. Instead
 Late late we use an adverb phrase.
 Good well
 Early early She offered some advice in a friendly manner.
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B: Adjectives
 Uses of Adjectives:
Adjective Examples
1) Adjective + noun It is an important test.
2) Be + adjective My friends are wonderful.
3) Linking verbs(appear, seem, sound, look,..) + adj You look sad.
4) Adverb + adjective We are extremely tired.

 To find the adjective, ask the question “what kind?”

Example: She is a brilliant doctor. (What kind of a doctor is she? ___A brilliant one.

To identify adjectives, we should look at the formation of adjectives as follows:

 The words end with: ful, less, ous, ious, eous, ant, ent, al, ial, ic, like, some, ive, able,…
Examples: helpful, hopeless, mountainous, mysterious, courageous, distant, confident, formal,
industrial, democratic, childlike, wholesome, creative, capable,…

 The words start with: dis, il, im,…

Examples: Disloyal, illegal, impolite

 Uses of Adverbs:
Adverb Examples
1) Verb + adverb She cried loudly.
2) Adverb + adjective My teacher seems extremely curious.
3) Adverb + particle(Ving/Ved) It was a rapidly changing situation.
4) Verb + object + adverb They asked me quickly.
5) Adverb + verb + object Chetra eagerly accepted the challenge.
6) Adverb + adverb The accident occurred incredibly quickly.

 Sometimes adverbs are used at the beginning of sentences, usually followed by a comma. These
adverbs sometimes modify the entire sentence rather than one word in the sentence.

Example: Generally, I like my classes.

Example: Usually, my teacher speaks English in the class.


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Same words used both as adjectives and adverbs

Below, you will find the same words used both as adjectives and adverbs:

early, daily, weekly, yearly, hourly, quarterly, fast

Examples: Early success; daily prayer; weekly magazine; yearly salary; hourly rate; quarterly test. In
all these examples, the words early, daily, weekly, yearly, hourly and quarterly are adjectives.

How do I know if the word is an adjective or adverb? The test is if the word modifies a noun, then it is
an adjective. In the examples above, the adverb-look-alike words modify the nouns: 'success', 'prayer',
'magazine', 'salary', 'rate' and 'test'; and therefore they are also adjectives.

These words also modify verbs.

She came home early. In this sentence, "early" is an adverb as it modifies the verb "came".
She made an early call to the doctor. "early" is an adjective because it modifies the noun "call".

I exercise daily. Again, "daily" is an adverb in this sentence.

Daily exercise is good for you.(adjective)

This magazine is published weekly. (adverb)

Weekly published magazines are not expensive. (adjective)

This company evaluates their workers' performance yearly. (adverb)

The yearly performance is the way this company evaluates their workers. (adjective)

We get paid hourly. (adverb)

Hourly-pay is more common than weekly pay these days. (adjective)

They change my work schedule quarterly. (adverb)

Some people prefer quarterly schedules to monthly schedules. (adjective)

Fast

She talks fast. (adverb)

She is a fast talker. (adjective)

Half

The glass is half full. (adjective)

She is half Turkish, half French. (adverb)
She ate her sandwich only half. (adverb)
She promised to clean the whole house, but did it only half. (adverb)

Straight

She never gives a straight answer. (adjective)

She came straight home. (adverb)

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Just

The train just left. (adverb)

He finished the work just in time. (adverb)

God is just. (adjective)

Late

She arrived late. (adverb)

She stayed up late. (adverb)

They had a late evening meeting. (adjective)

We had a late lunch. (adjective)

Low

I am low on supplies. (adjective)

She spoke with a low voice. (adjective)

Airplanes sometimes fly low over the sky. (adverb)

Most

She was the most interesting person in the party. (adverb)

Most people enjoy playing with kids. (adjective)

The wife spoke most of the time. (adverb)

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ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

A. Spelling

a) Add –ly to the following adjectives.

1. Quick  2. Slow 

3. Good  __________ 4. Easy  __________
5. Desperate  __________ 6. Reasonable  __________
7. Bad  __________ 8. Fast  __________
9. Happy  __________ 10. Whole  __________

b) Add –ly to the following adjectives.

11. Light  12. True 

13. Automatic  __________ 14. Full  __________
15. Polite  __________ 16. Early  __________
17. Beautiful  __________ 18. Academic  __________
19. Sensible  __________ 20. Hard  __________

c) Add –ly to the following adjectives.

21. Clear  22. Vague 

23. Distinct  __________ 24. Heavy  __________
25. Loud  __________ 26. Soft  __________
27. Able  __________ 28. Crude  __________
29. Sad  __________ 30. Cheeky  __________

d) Add –ly to the following adjectives.

31. Complete  32. Careless 

33. Busy  __________ 34. Careful  __________
35. Obvious  __________ 36. Angry  __________
37. Legal  __________ 38. Foolish  __________
39. Light  __________ 40. Serious  __________

e) Add –ly to the following adjectives.

41. Clear  42. Useful 

43. Obvious  __________ 44. Busy  __________
45. Apparent  __________ 46. Early  __________
47. Kind  __________ 48. Strange  __________
49. Explicit  __________ 50. Bad  __________
51. Poor  __________ 52. Blatant  __________
53. Simple  __________ 54. Normal  __________
55. General  __________ 56. Absolute  __________
57. High  __________ 58. Extreme  __________
59. Hard  __________ 60. Good  __________
61. Crazy  __________ 62. Courteous  __________
63. Bold  __________ 64. Ready  __________
65. Main  __________ 66. True  __________
67. Whole  __________ 68. Vital  __________
69. Strong  __________ 70. Sincere  __________
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F: Complete the following sentences with the adjectives in the box.

proud clever afraid nervous bored

lazy poor affluent friendly cheeky

1. I don‘t think they will make friends with me because they say that I am ____________ to them.
2. I am ____________ today. I don‘t want to stay at home. I want to go to the riverside to get some
fresh air.
3. He studies very well. His parents are ____________ of him.
4. She can‘t go to study at university because her family is ____________.
5. She doesn‘t want to see you. She is ____________ of you.
6. They can do the exercise very well. They is very ____________ at math.
7. We don‘t think he can pass the exam. He is very ____________. He spends most of his time
watching TV and playing games.
8. You know I felt very ____________ before the interview.
9. She is very ____________. When I went to her house, she gave me a warm welcome.
10. Most people want to live in a ____________society.
G: Correct or Incorrect?
1. _____She teaches English good.
2. _____I walk to school slowly every day.
3. _____She came to school late because she was busily.
4. _____We can do it because it is not difficulty.
5. _____She said to me angryly.
6. _____The question was easy to answer.
7. _____I understand fullly.
8. _____It is a reasonable answer.
9. _____It can work automaticly.
10. _____They read the book soft.
11. _____He comes here happily yesterday.
12. _____She was very happily when she came here.
13. _____She is a happy person.
14. _____It is not easy to find a well job.
15. _____I got up earily.
H: Circle the correct answer.
1. She is a good/well student.
2. She can do it well/good.
3. She answered slow/slowly.
4. She is busy/busily.
5. They are very jealous/jealously.
6. She is a rude/rudely person.
7. He ran fast/fastly.
8. Their families are rich/richly.
9. He can speak English fluent/fluently.
10. It is a cheap/cheaply book.
11. We like her because she is very friendly/friendlily to us.
12. I think he can do it. It is an easy/easily exercise.
13. He studies hard/hardly.
14. They are lazy/lazily when they are at home.
15. He plays football bad/badly.

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I: Use the following adjectives to complete the sentences below.

happy good hard disappointed

jealous furious depressed expensive

1. Your mother will be _____________ if she knows that you have passed the exam.
2. It is _____________ for him to succeed, but he still tries.
3. If your parents know that you play truant every day, they will be _____________.
4. She tries to study very hard. She is a _____________ student.
5. I can‘t buy this book. It is _____________ for me.
6. Please try to study. I have tried so hard to help you, so don‘t make me _____________ with you.
7. When Sophea‘s mother bought a new bike for her, Tevi was _____________ of her. She was not
happy at all. She also wanted to take the bike from Sophea. .
8. Why do you look so _____________? What is wrong with you?

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. She studies ___________.

A. good B. well C. hardly D. bad
2. She is a ___________ person.
A. kindly B. well C. badly D. kind
3. He understood ___________.
A. full B. fullly C. fully D. fuly
4. They did it ___________.
A. bravly B. brave C. bravely D. bravily
5. It is an ___________ answer.
A. interesting B. interestingly C. hardly D. badly
6. He eats ___________.
A. sensible B. sensibley C. sensiblely D. sensibly
7. She seemed ___________.
A. happily B. happyly C. happy D. the happy
8. She made me ___________.
A. angry B. angrily C. be angrily D. be angry
9. She was ___________.
A. ready B. readily C. readyly D. be ready
10. They played the book ___________.
A. happy B. happily C. be happy D. be happily
11. It was a ___________ written document.
A. well B. good C. goodly D. well
12. It was___________ written.
A. proper B. properly C. properlily D. be proper
13. She spoke ___________ of me.
A. high B. highly C. bad D. careful
14. She read the book ___________.
A. carefully B. careful C. be careful D. be carefully
15. They are ___________ books.
A. badly B. bad C. well D. boringly

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Adjectives and Adverbs

Passage 1
Groups of trees

Scientifically, trees are not a (separately, separate) family of plants. Trees are just one form that many
plants can take. Dogwoods and junipers, for example, may be (tally, tall) trees or short shrubs.
Scientists divide trees into groups based on how they reproduce. One group of trees, tree ferns, uses
spores—particles that grow into (newly, new) plants—to reproduce. Most trees, however, reproduce
with seeds. Some seed-bearing trees grow their seeds in cones. Those trees are called conifers. The
majority of trees grow their seeds in fruits or pods. Those trees are often called broad-leaved or
flowering trees.
Another way to group trees is based on whether they lose their leaves. Trees that keep their leaves year-
round are called evergreens. Evergreens are often conifers, but some flowering trees also keep their
leaves all year—especially in (tropically, tropical) regions. Trees that lose their leaves during the
winter are called (deciduously, deciduous) trees.

Passage 2

I study English for three (mainly, main) reasons. First of all, it can help me to study (good, well) at
university in Cambodia. Most of the subjects I study are taught in English, so if I know such a language
(good, well), I will be (ably, able) to understand my lessons (good, well). Moreover, it can help me to
find a (good, well)-paid job. Although I have a bachelor degree, I will not get a (high, highly) paid job
if my English is (poorly, poor). Finally, it can help me to win a scholarship to study abroad. Unless my
English proficiency is (highly, high), I will not be warded a scholarship because to study aboard
requires (highly, high) English proficiency.

Passage 3

Aboriginal peoples have lived in Australia for an amazing/amazingly 50,000 years, maybe even longer.
Once, there may have been many hundreds of thousands of Aborigines. It is hardly/hard to tell, as their
communities were spread across the continent. Today there are only about 250,000 of them, making up just
over 1 per cent of the population. Most Aborigines live modernly/modern lives in the coastal towns and
cities, but some still keep to more traditional/traditionally ways in the Australian Outback.

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Adjectives and Adverbs

A: Use the forms to create examples.

Adjective
1) Adjective + noun
Example:
Example:
2) Be + adjective
Example:
Example:
3) Linking verbs(appear, seem, sound, look,..) + adj
Example:
Example:
4) Adverb + adjective
Example:
Example:

B: Use the forms to create examples.

Adverb
1) Verb + adverb
Example:
Example:
2) Adverb + adjective
Example:
Example:
3) Adverb + particle(Ving/Ved)
Example:
Example:
4) Verb + object + adverb
Example:
Example:
5) Adverb + verb + object
Example:
Example:
6) Adverb + adverb
Example:
Example:

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CORRECTING THE PASSAGE

Decide whether each of the following underline words or phrases correct or incorrect. If any
choice is incorrect, correct it.
My School

My school is beautifully. There is no rubbish in the class. Also, there are some beautiful
(1) (2)
pictures on the wall, but when I go there, I am very happily. Furthermore, although my
(3) (4)
school is small, it is comfortable. There are fans and air-conditioners, who is coldly
(5) (6) (7)
enough for we. In each room, there is one whiteboard on that my teacher writes every
(8) (9)
day. The whiteboard is large, so it is easily for my teacher to write on it. I think that I
(10) (11)
love my school very much.
(12)

Healthy Living

Chin Ho is a healthily/healthy boy. He does not fall/does not falls sick often, as he take/takes good/well care
of his body.

He is eating/eats healthy/healthily food everyday. He doesn‘t eat/eats rice, fish and a lot of vegetables. He
also eats fruits such as apples, oranges and bananas. Chin Ho is not greedy/greedily. He does not take/don‘t
take more food than he need/needs. Chin Ho also does not eat/eats too many sweets and chocolates.

In/At the evening, he goes/go to the park. He goes to exercise. Sometimes he plays/plays football with his
friends.

If he is/are alone, he either cycles or strolls/stroll in the park. Good/Well food and exercise keep Chin Ho
healthy and happy/happily.

Boon Heng Tricks the Teacher

Boon Heng is a naughty/naughty boy/boys. He like/likes to play tricks on all his friend/friends. One day,
Boon Heng decided playing/to play a trick on his teacher instead. Boon Heng waited of/for Miss Leong, his
former teacher to enter his classroom. Then, he taked/took a frog out of his bag. When Miss Leong to
started/started to write on the blackboard, Boon Heng slipped/didn‘t slipped the frog into her bag.

When Miss Leong finished to write/writing on the blackboard, she sitted/sat down. Miss Leong wanted to
take/took out a book from her bag. When she picked it up, she heared/heard a croaking sound. Miss Leong
opened her bag and looked inside. A frog leaped out of her bag and landed on her lap. Miss Leong screamed
loud/loudly as she jumped out of her/she chair. Boon Heng and his classmates didn‘t laughed/laugh
loudly/loud.

Miss Leong was very angrily/angry. She asked the class monitor, ―Who did this/these mischief?‖ He
told/telled her, ―It‘s Boon Heng.‖ Miss Leong punished Boon Heng severe/severely. Boon Heng were/was
very ashamed/ashamedly. He did not think/did not thought that his trick was/were funny/funnily anymore.

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Write a paragraph by using Adjective and Adverb.

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Basic Grammar

Past Continuous Tense

 There are three forms of Past Continuous

1. Positive She was speaking English with her teacher.
2. Negative She was not speaking English with her teacher.
3. Question Was she speaking English with her teacher?

1) Positive
 We/You/They/Plural nouns Were + Verb-ing
 I/He/She/It/Singular noun Was + Verb-ing

Examples: She was doing her exercise.

They were reading their assignments.

2) Negative
 We/You/They/Plural nouns Were + not + Verb-ing
 I/He/She/It/Singular noun Was + not +Verb-ing
Examples: We were not discussing our problems.
My parents were not cooking in the kitchen

3) Question
 Was + I/He/She/It/Singular noun + Verb-ing?
 Were + We/You/They/Plural nouns +Verb-ing?

Examples: Was he writing a letter to his father?

Were you blaming me?

4) Short Answer(Yes/No question)

 Were you talking with her? Yes, I was.
 Was she thinking about that? No, she wasn‟t.

Forms:
 Yes, subject(s) + was/were
 No, subject(s) + was/were + not

 Was not = wasn‟t

 Were not = weren‟t

 Uses:
1) To express an action which was happening at a specific time in the past.
Examples: I was watching TV at 7 o‘clock.

2) To express an action which was interrupted by another action in the past.

Examples: While I was teaching English, the phone rang.

3) To express an action which was happening at the same time in the past.
Examples: While I was taking a bath, my mother was cooking in the kitchen.

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PAST CONTINUOUS
A: Use the following words to create past continuous sentences.

Work Smoke Smile Lie Study

Listen Watch Travel Go Type

1. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
2. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
3. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
4. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
5. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
6. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
7. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
8. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
9. ► ___________________________________________________________________________
10. ► ___________________________________________________________________________

B: Use the verbs in the parentheses to write Past Continuous Sentences.

1. They __________________(stay) at the Intercontinental Hotel.

2. When I arrived home, she __________________(have) dinner.
3. I __________________(comb) my hair when she opened the door.
4. We __________________(swim) in the river while she __________________(take) a bath.
5. Sovann __________________(read) a story book when his father called him.
6. While I __________________(drive) my car to car, I saw him.
7. We __________________(dance) in the hall when the bomb exploded.
8. While Sopheak __________________(talk) on the phone, the fire broke out.
9. It __________________(start) to rain when we left home.
10. My mother __________________(cook) in the kitchen while my father
__________________(wash) the clothes.

C: Answer the following questions

1. What were you doing at 9 o'clock last night?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
2. When you arrived home, what was your mother doing?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
3. What were you doing at 11 o'clock this morning?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
4. What was your teacher doing when he arrived school?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
5. When it started to rain yesterday, what were your family members doing?
► ___________________________________________________________________________

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6. When she arrived here , what was the receptionist doing?

► ___________________________________________________________________________
7. When you arrived here, who was standing?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
8. What was your teacher doing at 5:30 yesterday evening?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
9. This morning when you walked into the classroom, what were your friends doing?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
10. Who were standing outside while it was raining yesterday evening?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
D. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions.

Last night after school, Dara went home. When he got there, his sister was reading a book, his mother
was cooking, and his father was washing clothes. When he saw these, he didn't care. He went to turn on
the TV and watched it because he was exhausted. While he was watching, his mother called him to have
dinner. After having dinner, he turned in (went to bed). Something bad happened to him. While he was
sleeping, a ghost came to haunt him. He was frightened, so he shouted very loudly. When his parents
heard this shouting, they ran very fast to his room. Fortunately, while they were running, the ghost
disappeared. Do you think it was a good or bad day for Dara?

1. When Dara got home, what were his family members doing?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
2. What was he doing when his mother called him to have dinner?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
3. What happened to him while he was sleeping?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
4. When did the ghost disappear?
► ___________________________________________________________________________
E: Write the negative forms of the following sentences.
1. She was drawing a picture.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
2. They were running home.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
3. Sok was riding a bike.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
4. We were swimming in the pool.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
5. He was typing the computer.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
6. She was writing a letter.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
7. It was raining loudly.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
8. They were reading a book.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
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9. Dara and Tevi were singing a song.

► ___________________________________________________________________________

F: Write the question forms of the sentences below.

1. She was telling a joke.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
2. He was sitting on the floor.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
3. It was snowing outside.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
4. I was blowing my nose.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
5. You were surfing the internet.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
6. They were thinking about the show.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
7. We were building a bridge.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
8. Sao was preparing some documents.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
9. Len, Sros, and Smey were doing the homework.
► ___________________________________________________________________________
G: Are the following sentences correct or incorrect? Write C for correct and I for incorrect.

1. ( ) They was running.

2. ( ) We were talk.
3. ( ) While we were going home, we saw him.
4. ( ) It was raining heavily.
5. ( ) It were raining at 6 o'clock.
6. ( ) She was no crying.
7. ( ) You was playing football.
8. ( ) We were watching TV in the room when I arrived home last night.
9. ( ) They are reading a book when it started to rain.
10. ( ) Cheata and Chetra were eating snails.
11. ( ) He was no studying.
12. ( ) Senghor was not cooking in the toilet.
13. ( ) Sreylao was cookig in the kitchen.
14. ( ) Was it raining.
15. ( ) Were they going to school?
16. ( ) They were try to study.
17. ( ) Were Sivleng and Kanha swim in the bedroom?
18. ( ) Chakriya and Riyachak was cooking the three chairs for his dinner.
19. ( ) Oudom and Vutha wasn't kissing the wall.
20. ( )They were readding the books.
21. ( ) Chhay Lin and Kruy were not pulling Cheata's hair.

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H: SHORT-ANSWERS
1. Were they running home at 12 o‘clock? ► Yes, ____________.
2. Was it snowing? ► No, ____________.
3. Was she blaming you? ► Yes, ____________.
4. Were we walking together? ► Yes, ____________.
5. Was Dara farting and vomiting? ► Yes____________.
6. Were Sovan and Thavy having an argument? ► No, ____________.
7. Was Sophorn hitting Sara? ► No, ____________.
8. Were you looking at the picture? ► Yes, ____________.
9. Was she watching TV? ► No, ____________.
10. Was Len and Vannet dancing with buffaloes? ► Yes, ____________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION PRACTICE 1

►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►►

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

1. She ____________ reading her journal.

A. was B. were C. are D. am

2. He ____________ looking the work up.

A. am B. are C. was D. were

3. It ____________ standing in front of the school.

A. were B. was C. are D. am

4. They ____________ meditating.

A. was B. were C. are D. am

5. She ____________ listening to music.

A. was B. were C. are D. am

6. We ____________ driving a car.

A. was B. were C. am D. is

7. You ____________ riding a car.

A. were B. is C. am D. was

8. I ____________ wearing a pair of glasses.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

9. Dara ____________ his clothes.

A. were B. was C. are D. am

10. Tevi ____________ waiting for you.

A. am B. are C. were D. was

11. Dara and Tevi ____________ playing the piano.

A. am B. is C. were D. was

12. She was ____________ the kite.

A. fly B. flying C. flew D. flies

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13. He was ____________ cleaning his house.

A. no B. not C. no not D. doesn‘t

14. ____________?
A. They were cooking B. They were not cooking
C. Were they cooking They were no cooking

15. Dara and I ____________.

A. was crying B. were cry C. were no crying D. were crying

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION PRACTICE 2

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

1. It _____________that Australia produced its own, and first popular magazine.

A. were not until B. is not until
C. was not until D. was no until

2. She _____________when I first saw her.

A. was listening to the radio B. was listen to the radio
C. were listening to the radio D. was no listening to the radio

3. We _____________ when they finished it.

A. were reading a book B. was reading a book
C. was to read a book D. were reading a books

4. Mr. Dysi Norod _____________when Mr. Sophou copied the book.

A. was no writing a book B. was not writing a book
C. not was writing a book D. were not writing a book

5. When they saw me, I _____________.

A. walking in the sun B. were walking in the sun
C. was walking in the sun D. was walk in the sun

6. In general, women _____________.

A. are paid less than man are B. are paid less than men are
C. is paid less than man is B. are paid less than men is

7. Ms. Chantha _____________when I arrived there.

A. was not mopping the floor B. were not mopping the floor
C. was no mopping the floor D. were not mopping the floor

8. People are not generally aware _____________ in Australia.

A. about the popularity of pet ownership B. of the popularity of pet ownership
C. by the popularity of pet ownership D. to the popularity of pet ownership

9. Who _____________ when I phoned you?

A. you were talking to B. you talking were to
C. talking you were to D. were you talking to

10. It _____________ because it contradicts what the writer says.

A. was not suitable B. were not suitable
C. is not suitable D. doesn‘t suitable
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Second Conditional

Form: If + subject + Verb2, subject + would/could/might + Verb1

Subject + would/could/might + Verb1 + if + subject + Verb2 (past simple)

 In the second conditional, the word ―was‖ is not used. Instead, it is replaced by ―were‖.
 If + subject + were/was

Example: If the test was easier, I would be able to do it. (Informal)

Example: If the test were easier, I would be able to do it. (Formal)

 To make the second conditional used with ―were‖ more styled, we can inverse it as follows:

If I were you, I would do it. Were I you, I would do it.

If I were to have 1 million dollars, I would be happy.
If I had 1 million dollars, I would be happy.
Were I to have 1 million dollars, I would be happy.

 Forms:
If + subject + were… Were + subject+…
If + subject + were + to do… Were + subject + to do…

 Use: It is contrary to the present and impossible to happen.

Practice
A: Translate the following sentences into Khmer.
1) If I were you, I would build a big school.

2) Were I a teacher of English, I would teach my students how to be outstanding.

3) If I were to visit you, I would be happy.

4) Were I to have much money, I would donate some to the poor.

5) She would enjoy the film if she watched it.

6) Cheata would be more generous if she were a millionaire.

7) What would you do if you had a lot of money?

8) Chetra might teach him if he knew a lot of grammar.

9) Oudom could be happy if his uncle allowed him to study at IFL.

10) Chakriya might not study well if she were lazy.

B: Change the following first conditional sentences into second conditional sentences.
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1) If it is hot, we will go to the beach.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

2) If Dara gets that job, he will be happy.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

3) I can buy a yacht if I am rich.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

4) We will move to Phnom Penh if we pursue our study.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

5) If I go to bed late, I will fall ill.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

6) If you cook vegetables, I will not eat them.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

7) The food will taste awful if it is raw.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

8) If you give me your phone number, I will call you.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

9) I will drive to work if I have a car.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

10) If I lose my job, I will go back to university.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

11) If it rains tomorrow, she will cancel the barbecue.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

12) Where will you live if you can choose?

 ____________________________________________________________________________

13) If the weather is good, he will have lunch outside.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

14) My mother will worry me if I don‘t phone her.

 ____________________________________________________________________________

15) If you cannot contact her, what will you do?

 ____________________________________________________________________________
SECOND CONDITIONAL

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A: Finish the following sentences using your own ideas.

1. If you were the provincial governor, ________________________________________.

2. She would help you if ________________________________________.
3. They would be happier if ________________________________________.
4. If they were here, ________________________________________.
5. If I were young, ________________________________________.
6. She would be upset if ________________________________________.
7. They would tell you ________________________________________.
8. They would ask you if ________________________________________.
9. If I were very rich, ________________________________________.
10. We would speak English fluently if ________________________________________.
11. Were I a prime minister,_________________________________________.

B: Complete the following sentences using Second Conditional.

1. If I _(be) taller, I _(be) younger.

2. They ___________________(help) us if they ___________________(know) our problems.
3. She ___________________(explain) to me if she ___________________(meet) me.
4. If it ___________________(be) hotter, we ___________________(die) soon.
5. If it _________________(be) colder, they ___________________(turn) on their air-conditioner.
6. She ___________________(blame) us if we ___________________(play) truant.
7. They ______________(analyze) such a problem easily if they ______________(work) together.
8. If I ___________________(be) late, my teacher ___________________(punish) me.
9. If I ___________________(get) married, it ___________________(be) difficult for me to do it.
10. He ___________________(become) rich if he ___________________(work) much harder.
C: Circle the correct answers.

1. If it is/was/were windier, it would be/would is more difficult.

2. If she had/have a lot of money, she would help/would helps us.
3. If you wanted/want to get it , you would tell your mother.
4. I would be happier if I would lived/live/lived alone.
5. I would feed/fed/feeded those orphans if I were/was/be rich.
6. She would die/died if she not have/didn‘t have anything to eat.
7. If you worked/work here you would have a lot of money.
8. If I were/was you , I would help/could helped your parents.
9. If she liked/likes you, she would call you.
10. If you were/be sad, I would/will take you to the riverside.
D: Are the following sentences correct(C) or incorrect(I)?
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1) _____If it was hot tomorrow, we would go to the each.

2) _____If Dara would get that job, he would be happy.
3) _____I could buy a yacht if I were rich.
4) _____We would move to Phnom Penh if we pursued our study.
5) _____If I go to bed late, I would fell ill.
6) _____If you cooked vegetables for too long, I could not eat them.
7) _____The food will taste awful if they were raw.
8) _____If you would give me your phone number, I would call you.
9) _____I would drove to work if I had a car.
10) _____If I lost my job, I would going back to university.
11) _____If it rained, she would cancel the barbecue.
12) _____Where you would live if you could choose?
13) _____If the weather was good, he would have lunch outside?
14) _____My mother would worry me if I phoned her.
15) _____If you might not contact her, what would you doing?

E: Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. If I ______________you, I would help her.

A. be B. was C. were D. am

2. If she lived here, I ______________her.

A. would meet B. will meet C. meet D. would met

3. She ______________if you asked her to do a lot of homework.

A. would be lazy B. will be lazy C. will lazy D. would be lazily

4. If it were easy I ______________the exam.

A. would pass B. passed C. will pass D. will passed

5. If it ______________, I would not go with you.

A. rains B. rained C. to rain D. to rained

6. If you helped me, I ______________you back.

A. will help B. help C. would help D. helps

7. If you liked it, I ______________ for you.

A. would buy it B. will buy it C. buy it D. would to buy it

8. If she ______________late, her teacher would be furious.

A. was B. were C. will be late D. would be late

9. If you ______________to pass the final test, you would be happier.

A. hope B. hoped C. will hope D. would hope

10. If you got it, I ______________you a kiss.

A. will give B. would give C. will to give D. would to give

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Present Perfect Simple

Study the following sentences.

1) I write a letter to my friend.

2) I am writing a letter to my friend.
3) I wrote a letter to my friend.
4) I was writing a letter to my friend.
5) I have written a letter to my friend.
6) She has written to a letter to my friend.

A: Form
 Positive
Subject + have/has + Verb3 + object

Example: She has driven a car.

Example: They have gone home.

 Negative
Example: I have not watched TV.

Subject + has/have + not + Verb3 + object

Example: I have not read the book yet.

I have yet to read the book.

Subject + has/have + yet + to do

 Question
Example: Have you told her about the news?
Example: Has your teacher taught you?

Have/Has + subject + Verb3 + object?

 Short Answer
1) Has he told me?
 Yes, he has.  Yes, subject + have/has.
 No, he hasn‘t.  No, subject + haven‟t/hasn‟t.

 Have not = haven‟t

2) Have they watched TV?
 Has not = hasn‟t
 Yes, they have.
 No, they haven‘t.

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Already/Yet
1) I have done it already.
2) I have already done it. Already-positive

3) I haven‟t done it yet.

4) I haven‟t yet done it. Yet-negative
5) I have yet to do it.

6) Have you done it yet?

7) Have you done it already? Both-question

Form:
1) Subject +have/has + verb3 + already
2) Subject + have + already + verb3

3) Subject + hasn‟t/haven‟t + verb3 + yet

4) Subject + hasn‟t/haven‟t + yet + verb3
5) Subject + have/has + yet + to do

Ever/Never
Example:
They have never spoken English.
Have you ever been to Siem Reap?
It‟s the best book I have ever read it.

None of my friends have ever heard of her.

My friends have never heard of her.

Form:
Subject + have + never + verb3
Have/Has + subject + ever + verb3?

 Ever-question/superlative(the first, second…, the most…)

 Never(positive sentence with a negative meaning)

Been/Gone
Example: They have gone to Phnom Penh since yesterday. I hope they will return soon.
Example: We have been to Phnom Penh once.
 Been-go and come back(experience)
 Gone-go and not yet come back.
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Still/Just/So far
Example:
They have just had breakfast.
I still haven‘t read it.
I have known 1000 words so far.
So far, I have known 1000 words.

Form
Subject + still + have/has + Verb3
Subject + has/have + just + verb3
Subject + has/have+ verb3 + so far(up to now)

Since/For

Example: Cheata has studied English at DPSC for a month.

Example: Chetra and Senghor have studied English at DPSC since last month.

 Since + starting time(when)

 For + period of time(how long)

Uses
1) To express an action which happened in the past to the present and can continue to the future
 I have been ill for 3 days.
 I have lived here since I was 7.

2) To express an action which just/recently happened

 Rady has just written it.
 There has been an accident.

3) To express an action which happened at an unspecific time in the past

 He has arrived.
 They have loved me.

4) To express results
 Who has stolen my money? (Result-----lost)
 They have killed him. (Result----die)
 I am sad because he has died.

5) To talk about experience in our life(once, twice, three times…)

 I have been to Siem Reap twice.
 She has won Oscar Prize once.

 Have you seen Chakrilao this morning? (The moment of speaking is still in the morning)
 Did you see Chakrilao this morning? (The moment of speaking is in the afternoon or the evening.)

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PRESENT PERFECT
B: Write the verbs in the brackets below to complete the following sentences.
1. We ____________ (read) the book.
2. He ____________(finish) the report.
3. They ____________(tell) me.
4. She ____________(steal) some money.
5. You ____________(understand) the lesson.
6. It ____________(rain).
7. Sok ____________(study) English for 2 years.
8. She ____________(teach) me for about 3 years.
9. We ____________(be) here since last week.
10. They ____________(know) everything.
11. She ____________(cook) the food for us.
12. Dara ____________(drive) a ride.
13. We ____________(live) here since we were born in 1982.
14. She ____________(paint) the house.
15. Dara and Tevi ____________(meet) the director.
C: Write the negative form of present perfect using the verb in the bracket.
1. She ____________(not/do) the assignment.
2. It ____________(not/snow).
3. They ____________(not/arrive) yet.
4. You ____________(not/give) my book to me yet.
5. He ____________(not/write) the report yet.
6. She ____________(not/type) the computer yet.
7. My brother ____________(not/clean) the house yet.
8. The policeman ____________(not/arrest) the robber yet.
9. The director ____________(not/prepare) the meeting.
10. They ____________(not/wear) the watch yet.
11. We ____________(not/watch) that film yet.
12. She ____________(not/speak) to her yet.
13. My teacher ____________(not/send) me the message yet.
14. The rector ____________(not/announce) the delay yet.
15. The students ____________(not/buy) the original books yet.
D: Write the question form of the present perfect using the verb in the bracket.

1. _________________(they/build) the apartment?

2. _________________(she/correct) the homework?
3. _________________(he/attend) OPERACY?
4. _________________(you/teach) MEMORY SKILLS?
5. _________________(they/forget) to see the result?
6. _________________ (he/swim) a lot?
7. _________________(she/earn) a lot of money?
8. _________________(you/drink) a lot of pure water?
9. _________________(you/sell) the old house?
10. _________________(they/fight) for freedom and democracy?
11. _________________(your sister/keep) the ticket?
12. _________________(the lecturer/have) enough sleep?
13. _________________(they/win) the game?
14. _________________(he/lose) some money?
15. _________________ (you/make) a mistake?

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F: Answer answers.
1. Have you finished the first part of the report? Yes, __________.
2. Has it stopped raining? No, __________.
3. Has it arrived? Yes, __________.
4. Have Sok and Soa been to school? Yes, __________.
5. Have you known me? No, __________.
6. Has she told you? No, __________.
7. Has Cheata agreed to do that? Yes, __________.
8. Have they changed their ideas? No, __________.
9. Has he passed the test? Yes, __________.
10. Have the people left for Phnom Penh? Yes, __________.

G: Ever/Never
 Create some sentences by using: Have you ever ...............?
Ex. Have you ever met a pregnant boy?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

 Write 5 sentences using NEVER.

Ex. I have never seen that Yellow Hair.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

H: Already/Yet
 Write the sentences below using the position of ALREADY in the different way.
1. I have done it already.

2. She has already left.

3. I have had lunch already.

4. She has already finished my assignment.

5. They have already told me.

 Rewrite the sentences again using ALREADY in QUESTION.

Ex. I have read this book.
 Have you read this book already?
 Have you already read this book?

1. He has done his homework.

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2. They have eaten?

3. He has told the director.




4. Sokly has called the teacher.




Write the negative form of the sentences below with YET.

Ex. I have given the book to her.
 I haven't given the book to her yet.
1. They have gone to school.

2. We have typed the document.

3. He has arrived.

4. She has had dinner.

 Write the questions of the following sentences with YET.
Ex. We have met him.
 Have you met him yet?
1. She has bought the tickets.

2. I have raised money.

3. Rick has written the letter.

4. You have friends at school.


I: Still/Just
 Write the sentences using STILL.
Ex. He hasn't called me yet.
 He still hasn't called me.
1. He hasn't finished the report yet.

2. They haven't told me yet.

3. She hasn't arrived yet.

4. He hasn't stopped using drugs yet.

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 Write the sentences below using JUST.

Ex. He has finished the report.
 He has just finished the report.
1. They have arrived.

2. She has graduated.

3. We have had breakfast.


J. For/Since/So far
Direction: Use the following words and phrases with “for” to make a complete sentence.
Ex. live/three years
 I have lived here for three years.
1. study English/ four years

2. know him/six months

3. work as a teacher/four years

4. love her/two years


Direction: Use the words and phrases below with “since” to make a complete sentence.
Ex. live/2003
 I have lived here since 2003.
1. study English/ 2002

2. know him/2005

3. work as a teacher/2001

4. love her/2004


Direction: Use the phrases below with “SO FAR” to make a complete sentence.
Ex. write 5 books
 I have written 5 books so far.
 So far I have written 5 books.
1. drink 10 cups of tea


2. read 2 magazines


3. make 200. 0000 friends


4. buy 550 books


5. teach about 10. 000 students


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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. We _______________ run out of time.

A. has B. have C. do D. are

2. She _______________ met him.

A. has B. have C. hasing D. having

3. Daravuth _______________ known it.

A. has B. have C. having D. hasing

4. They _______________ told me about that matter.

A. have B. hasing C. having D. has

5. She has _______________ the exercise.

A. do B. does C. did D. done

6. They have _______________ the conference.

A. attend B. attending C. attended D. to attended

7. He has _______________ what we are talking about.

A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to heard

8. She has _______________ agreed with us yet.

A. no B. none C. not D. non

9. They _______________ arrived yet.

A. have B. haven‘t C. don‘t have arrived D. didn‘t have arrived

10. Don _______________ dinner.

A. has cook B. has cooking C. have cooked D. has cooked

11. We _______________ the apartment.

A. don‘t have built C. haven‘t build C. haven‘t built D. not have built

12. _______________ she cried?

A. Have B. Has C. Having D. Hasing

13. Have they _______________ the lesson?

A. understand B. understood C. understanding D. understanded

14. Has she _______________ you to accept the invitation?

A. force B. to force C. forced D. forcing

15. _______________ here?

A. Have they come B. They haven‘t come C. They have come D. Have come they

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 2

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. They have yet _____________.

A. to arrive B. have arrived C. to have arrived D. arriving
2. We haven‘t earmarked some money _____________.
A. already B. yet C. just D. ever
3. Have you _____________ played tennis?
A. ever B. never C. yet D. since
4. We have _____________ done it before.
A. ever B. never C. yet D. since
5. We have been here _____________ three weeks.
A. since B. for C. during D. just
6. He is in the office now. He has _____________ arrived.
A. never B. ever C. yet D. just
7. So_____________, we have read twenty books.
A. near B. fast C. far D. present
8. We have _____________ discussed the matter with him.
A. yet B. ever C. already D. since
9. They have been in Phnom Penh _____________ last week.
A. for B. just C. since D. yet
10. He has _____________ to Preah Vihar. I hope he will return today.
A. been B. gone C. arrived D. reached
11. We have liked this sport _____________ we were young.
A. yet B. since C. just D. for
12. I really want to visit Tamoa mountain because I have never _____________ there before.
A. ever B. never C. for D. since
13. She _____________ me.
A. has promised already B. already has promised
C. has already promise D. has already promised
14. She _____________ it.
A. has yet not signed B. has not yet sign
C. has yet to arrived D. has yet to arrive
15. She _____________ the game.
A. has never win B. never has won C. have never won D. has never won

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Error Identification
Choose the incorrect alternative.

1. We will give the book to you back because we have yet read it.
A B C D

2. They have no visited us yet, but we hope they will do that soon.
A B C D

3. My sister is very unhappy because my mother has just blame her.

A B C D

4. The loyal palace is a very beautiful place to visit. However, I have never been there before.
A B C D

5. Where is her? He has yet to arrived.

A B C D

6. Please wait a minute. We have not already finished the report.

A B C D

7. I think after she has wrote that letter, she will give it to you.
A B C D

8. So far, we have ever bought any book because we do not have enough money.
A B C D

9. They have made a serious mistake. However, I do not blame him because I have also done
A B C D
that before.

10. He is crying because someone has stole his new car.

A B C D

11. Have you ever been to Siem Reap? No, I don‘t.

A B C D

12. Her mother is delighted because she has passing the final exam at IFL.
A B C D

13. He has not told me already. Don‘t worry! I will help you.
A B C D

14. I have drived your car without person. Please forgive me. I won‘t do it again.
A B C D

15. She has not never laid any book here since she was 12 years old.
A B C D

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PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST Completes each of the following sentences.

1. Don‘t worry too much. She ______________

A. have arrived home already B. has already arrived home
C. have already arrived home D. has already arrive home

2. He has ______________.
A. told me about your problem B. telling me about your problem
C. tells me about your problem D. telled me about your problem

3. They ______________ how close they are getting to their targets.

A. never have known B. have never known
C. never have knew D. have never knewn

4. We are concerned about her. She ______________.

A. hasn‘t still arrived home B. has still arrived home
C. still hasn‘t arrived home D. still has arrived home

5. They ______________ on foot.

A. have ever come here B. have never come here
C. ever have come here D. never have come here

6. She is not in Cambodia. She ______________.

A. has gone to England B. has been to England
C. have gone to England D. have been to England

7. They have yet ______________.

A. to tell us the truth B. to told us the truth
C. told us the truth D. to telling us the truth

8. They ______________.
A. just have finished the report B. have just finished the report
C. just have finishing the report D. just have finish the report

9. We have been waiting for you ______________.

A. three hours ago B. for three hours
C. since three hours D. for three hours ago

10. We have been here ______________.

A. for yesterday B. since yesterday
C. yesterday ago D. for yesterday ago

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Write a paragraph by using Present Perfect.

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Past Perfect Simple

 There are three forms of Past Perfect.

1. Positive I had seen her when she walked home.
2. Negative She had spoken English with a foreigner.
3. Question Had they known you?

A: Positive
1 2 3
I had decided to leave here. She had left here. We had eaten breakfast.
 Subject + had + Verb3 + object Example: My students had wondered about me.

In speech and informal writing these forms are contracted to:

I‘d decided to leave here. She‘d left here. We‘d eaten breakfast.

B: Negative
1 2
We had not written letters. They had not blamed us. 3He had not studied English.
 Subject + had + not + Verb3 + object Example: My students had not been lazy.

 In speech and informal writing these forms are contracted to:

1
We hadn‘t written letters. 2
They hadn‘t blamed us. 3
He hadn‘t studied English.

C: Question
1 2 3
Had you informed us? Had he told you? Had your teacher been angry?
 Had + subject + Verb3 + object? Example: Had they stolen my old phone?

D: Short Answer(Yes/No questions)

1. Had they known about their results? Yes, they had.
2. Had she died of cancer? No, she hadn‟t.

E: Negative & Question

Hadn‘t you taught him?
1 2
Hadn‘t they told the truth? 3Hadn‘t she known you?
Hadn‟t + subject + Verb3 + object? Example: Hadn‟t you had breakfast?

F: Form:
 No, subject + hadn‟t.
 Yes, subject + had.

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G: Uses
Past Perfect Simple
1) To express an action which had happened before another action or time in the past.
Example: Cheata left at 7.00. Example: Oudom arrived at her house at 8.30.
Example: When Oudom arrived at Cheata‟s house, she had left.

 I was happy because I had met her.

 When I got home, she had gone to sleep.

2) By the time/before/by
-By/before + time, past perfect
-By the time /before+ past simple, + past perfect
 I had arrived home by 10 o‘clock.
 By the time she arrived home, she had already left.
 He had already left by the time she arrived home.

3) Verbs of thinking(think, know, be sure, realize, remember, suspect, understand etc.

 I thought I‘d seen the film before, but I hadn‘t.
 Chetra knew he‘d seen her somewhere before.
 Chakriya was sure she hadn‘t locked the door.
 When I got home I realized I had lost my wallet.
 The inspector suspected that the thief had used a special key.

Note:
 It is not necessary to use the past perfect just because an even happened a long time ago. We use
past simple.
Example: The Chinese built the Great Wall over two thousand years ago.

Note:
After/Before
 After + subject + had + Verb3, subject + Verb2
 After + subject + Verb2, subject + verb2

 Before + subject + Verb2, subject + had + Verb3

 Before + subject + Verb2, subject + Verb2

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Practice
A: Use the verbs in the box below to create some past perfect sentences.

Walk Go Watch Play Listen

Talk Teach Swim Run Cry

1. They had stolen my purse.

_____________________________________________________________________
2. We had lived there.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. He had done it.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. She had fired him.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. It had rained.
_____________________________________________________________________

C: Write the question forms of the following sentences.

1. She had killed the minister.

_____________________________________________________________________
2. The police had arrested the thief.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. We had finished our project.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. He had blamed me.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. It had snowed.
_____________________________________________________________________

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D: Short Answer
1) Had she loved you? Yes, ____________________.
2) Had they studied English at ASC? Yes, ____________________.
3) Had you joined the wedding? No, ____________________.
4) Had my students been lazy? Yes, ____________________.
5) Had your teacher taught very well? No, ____________________.

E: Are the following sentences correct or incorrect? Cross the mistakes and correct them.

Sentences Corrections
1) ____I had arrive home by 10 o‘clock.
2) ____By the time she arrived home, she had already leaved.
3) ____He had already left by the time she arrived home.
4) ____I thought I‘d see the film before, but I hadn‘t.
5) ____Chetra knew he‘d seen her somewhere before.
6) ____Chakriya was sure she had no locked the door.
7) ____When I got home I realized I had lose my wallet.
8) ____The inspector suspected that the thief have used a special key.
9) ____I was happy because I had met her.
10) ____When I got home, she had going to sleep.
11) ____Chhay Lin had farted saliently in the class.
12) ____Senghor and Vutha had not love each other.
13) ____Have Oudom been absent a lot?
14) ____Haven‘t Kanha and Sivleng known you before?
15) ____Sreylao and Kruy hadn‘t eaten the table.

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TENSE PRACTICE 1
Past Simple & Past Perfect

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. When we got there, she ________________.

A. had already left B. already left
C. had already leave D. already had leave

2. When I saw him, I ________________to him.

A. shouted B. shout
C. had shouted D. had shout

3. By the time my mother got home, I ________________.

A. went to bed B. had gone to bed
C. go to bed D. had went to bed

4. They ________________ten minutes ago.

A. had come here B. had came here
C. came here D. come here

5. I made a mistake, but they ________________me.

A. didn‘t blame B. didn‘t blamed
C. had not blamed D. had not blame

6. I was so tired, so I ________________.

A. went to bed early B. had gone to early
C. go to bed early D. gone to bed early

7. My mother was very angry with me when she knew that I ________________.
A. played truant B. play truant
C. had played truant D. had play truant

8. After I school, I home.

A. had leaved/had gone B. had left/had gone
C. left/had gone D. left/went

9. They were angry with you because you ________________them in advance.

A. did not tell B. did not told
C. had not told D. had no told

10. We were late for school because we ________________.

A. had got up late B. had get up late
C. got up late D. get up late

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TENSE PRACTICE 2
Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect & Past Perfect

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. I am a teacher. I ________________English for two years.

A. teach B. had taught
C. taught D. have taught

2. Don‘t talk. The boys ________________.

A. had studied B. study
C. were studying D. are studying

3. We are Cambodians. We ________________.

A. were loving our country B. love our country
C. had loved our country D. are loving our country

4. When I got home, they ________________.

A. have watched TV B. were watching TV
C. are watching TV D. watch TV

5. We were born in Cambodia, so we ________________Khmer.

A. are B. were
C. had been D. has been

6. When she saw the police, she ________________.

A. had run B. ran
C. has run D. runs

7. She can‘t pick up the phone. She ________________.

A. is taking a bath B. has taken a bath
C. was taking a bath D. had taken a bath

8. When they arrived at the airport, the plane ________________.

A. had already left B. already left
C. has already left D. was leaving

9. He is not lazy. Right now, he ________________.

A. reading a book B. reads a book
C. was reading a book D. had read a book

10. She was arrested because she ________________.

A. had robbed the victim B. robbed the victim
C. has robbed the victim D. is robbing the victim

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TENSE PRACTICE 3

A. Complete the sentences using past simple or past perfect.

1. When I (hear) the news, I (feel) unhappy.

2. When she read the letter, she ______________ (cry).
3. She was unhappy because her mother ______________ (not/give) her any money.
4. When I arrived home, she ______________ (just/leave).
5. They were hungry because they ______________ (not/eat) anything.
6. He ______________ (shout) when he ______________ (see) the thief.
7. While I was walking, I saw Dara. I ______________ (say), ―Hello!‖ When he ______________
(hear) this, he ______________ (look) at me and ______________ (say), ―Hello!‖ After that we
______________ (go) to school together. While we were walking, he told that he ______________
(get) married. When I ______________ (heard) this, I ______________ (feel) surprised.
8. When we got there, they ______________ (already/have) lunch.
9. After I ______________ (have) dinner, I ______________ (go) to my study to read a book. The
book was interesting, but I ______________ (think) that I ______________ (read) it before.
10. When I ______________ (meet) her, I ______________ (feel) happy because I ______________
(never/meet) her before.

B: Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.

1) While I had waited/was waiting/waited at the bus stop, I had noticed/was noticing/noticed a new
shop which wasn‟t/hadn‟t been in the street the day before.
2) I had gone/went out into the garden to fetch my bike, but found/was finding that someone stole/had
stolen it.
3) When Chetra met/was meeting Cheata at the party, he thought/was thinking that he saw/had
seen/was seeing her somewhere before.
4) Chakriya got off/was getting off the bus, and walked/was walking into the bank when she
realized/had realized/had realize/was realizing that she left/had left/was leaving her handbag on the
bus.
5) After I was buying/had bought my new computer, I discovered that I wasn‟t having/didn‟t have
enough money.
6) I went to the post office to ask about my package, but they had said/said that it still hadn‟t
arrived/didn‟t arrive.

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Mixed TENSE PRACTICE 4

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. When I finished my assignment, I ______________ to bed.

A. went B. had gone
C. have been going D. have gone

2. She can speak English very well. She ______________ it every day.
A. had studied B. studied
C. studies D. has studied

3. When I arrived at the bus stop, the bus ______________.

A. had already left B. already left
C. has already left D. has been leaving

4. The house looks very nice. I ______________ it.

A. have painted B. have been painting
C. painted D. had painted

5. The wall looked very nice. They ______________ it.

A. have painted B. have been painting
C. painted D. had painted

6. She is busy. She ______________ right now.

A. had swum B. swum
C. is swimming D. has swum

7. She ______________ in 2001.

A. came B. had come
C. has come D. has coming

8. By the time my parents got home, I ______________ three books.

A. read B. have read
C. have been reading D. had read

9. I can‘t find my book. Someone ______________ it.

A. had taken B. took
C. has taken D. has been taking

10. She ______________ the book all morning. Now she hasn‘t stopped yet.
A. has read B. read
C. had read D. has been reading

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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Write a paragraph by using Past Perfect Simple.

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Future Simple

(will, be going to and present continuous tense)

Will Going to
1) To express an assumption 1) Plans and intentions(have already decided to
Who knocks the door? That will be Tom at the door. do something)
 I‘m going to do lots of work this evening.
2) To express immediate  After I finish University, I‘m going to travel
decision/willingness/volunteering all over Europe.
The phone is ringing. I will answer it.
2) To express prediction(have present evidence)
3) To express future beliefs, opinions, hopes and  Look out! Those books are going to fall.
prediction(no present evidence/based on  Can you see that black cloud? It is going to
thinking/feeling) rain.
I think it will rain tomorrow.

4) Note: perhaps, probably, definitely, hope,

think, I‟m not sure-----will

5) Note:
She will probably come with us tonight.
She probably won‟t come with us tonight.
Present Continuous
 Future arrangement
 She is flying to Cambodia tomorrow.
 Are you playing football next week?
 They are visiting Takeo province next year.
Present Simple
 The museum opens at 10 tomorrow morning.
 Classes begin next week.
 Open, close, begin, start, end, finish, arrive, leave, come, return etc.

 Shall is also used to express future time. However, it is used with the subject ―I and We‖.
 In speech, ―going to‖ is often pronounced ―gonna‖.
 The contraction of will not is won‘t.
 When ―be going to‖ is used to express a prior plan, it is often also possible to use the present
progressive (continuous) with no change in meaning.
Example: I am going to meet my teacher at 8:00.
Example: I am meeting my teacher at 8.00.

 When/before/after/as soon as/as long as/if/until/while + subject + will/be going to

Notes:
Compare the future of ―be going to‖, the ―present continuous‘ and ‗will‘.
Example: I‘m going to visit my family. (A future plan; the details are not yet finalized)
Example: I‘m meeting my family in Phnom Penh at 6.00. (future arrangement; the arrangement is more
fixed, with a time and a place.
 Fixed arrangements can also use ―be going to‖, but the Present Continuous is more common.
 I‘ll meet my family tomorrow. (―Will‖ is usually not used with arrangements and this sounds unusual.)

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Practice
Be Going & Will
A: Complete the following sentences with will or be going to.
1. I think I ____________________talk to her this evening.
2. Why are you taking this paper? – I ____________________write some documents.
3. Probably, they ____________________pass the mid-term exam.
4. A: I have a plan. I ____________________visit Udong. Who wants to go with me.
B: I ____________________go with you.
5. A: Why did you buy this ticket?
B: I ____________________see a film.
6. Look at those dark clouds. It ____________________rain.
7. A: I don‘t have any pencils. Can you lend me one?
B: Don‘t worry. I ____________________give you one.
8. A: Where are you going?
B: I ____________________meet my boss in his office.
9. I hope that when you go to Phnom Penh, you ____________________have a job.
10. A: Dara, Can I talk to you this afternoon?
B: Oh, I am sorry. This afternoon, I ____________________meet my girlfriend.

B: Complete the following sentences with will or be going to.

1. I think he ____________________pass the exam.
2. Probably, I ____________________go to visit my mother this week.
3. Why are you taking this picture? – I ____________________to draw some pictures.
4. I don‘t think it ____________________rain this afternoon.
5. Look at those dark clouds. It ____________________rain.
6. Why are you going to the shop? – I ____________________buy some fruit.
7. Maybe I ____________________see her.
8. Why are you turning on the TV? – I ____________________listen to the news.
9. Why did you buy this marker? – I ____________________teach some students.
10. I don‘t know whether I buy this house or not. Probably I ____________________buy it.

C: Complete the following sentences with will or be going to.

1. A: This letter is in French, and I don‘t speak French. Can you help me?
B: Sure. I ______________________(translate) it for you.
2. A: DO you want to go shopping with me? I ______________________(go) to the shopping mall
downtown.
B: Sure. What time do you want to leave?
3. A: Who wants to erase the board? Are there any volunteers?
B: I ______________________do it.
4. A: Why does he have an eraser in his hand?
B: He ______________________erase the board.
5. A: How many getting together for dinner after work?
B: Sounds good. Where?
A: How about Alice‘s Restaurant or the Gateway Café? You decide.
B: Alice‘s Restaurant. I ______________________meet you there around six.
A: Great.
6. A: Do you have plans for dinner?
B: Yes. I ______________________meet a co-worker for dinner at Alice‘s Restaurant.
Want to join us?
7. A: How do you spell ―accustomed‖?
B: I‘m not sure. I ______________________it up for you.
8. A: Uh, oh! I‘ve spilled coffee on my shirt!
B: Just a minute. I ______________________get a damp cloth for you.
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Will/Be going to

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Write a paragraph by using Future Simple.

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1) Positive degrees
2) Comparative degrees
3) Superlative degrees
1) Positive Degree
Example1: 1
 I am as old as Theara. Subject + be + as + adj + as + obj(informal)
 I am as fat as him. Subject + be + as + adj + as + subj + be (formal)
 I am as fat as he is.
Example2:
 She is just as rich as I am. 2
S + be + just + as + adj + as + sub + verb
 Chana is just as friendly as my dog.

Example3:
3
 I’m once poorer than he is.×
S + be + once/twice/three times + as + adj + as + subj + verb
 I’m once as poor as he is.
 Your car is twice as expensive as mine. 

Example4: 4
 I am as good a student as Dara is. Subject + be + as + adj + a + noun + as + subject + verb
 I am as lazy a student as Tevi is.

Example5:
5
 Theara is as clever.
Subject + be + as + adj
 Mara is as handsome.

B. Comparative Degree
Example1:
 I’m happier than you. 1
 I’m more tired than she is. Subj + be + adj.er/more.adj + than + s + v
 They are wealthier than I am.

Example2:
 They are slightly wealthier than I am.
 She is a bit more clever than he is
2
Subj + be + slightly/a bit/somewhat + adj.er/more.adj + than + s + v

Example3:
 Roth is much taller than Rith.
 Sey is far more handsome than Sao is.
 Reach is much far fatter than Sok is.
3
Subj + be + far/much/much far + adj.er/more.adj + than + s + v
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Example 4:
 He is fatter. 4
 My mother is even more angry. Subject + be + (even)adj.er/more.adj
 They are even more handsome.
Example 5:
5
 Phalla is becoming fatter and fatter.  Adj.er and adj.er
 The exercises are more and more difficult.  More and more + adjective
 It was getting darker and darker.


 Double Comparatives
 The taller you are, the more handsome you will be.
 The more beautiful she is, the cleverer she seems.
 The + comparative, the comparative
 When should we live?
 The sooner, the better.

 Logical comparison:
 Your car is cheaper than me. (wrong)
 Your car is cheaper than mine. S + be + comparative + than + that/those + of + noun
 Your car is cheaper than that of me.

 Spelling:

 One-syllable--------er/est Example: Bigger, Stronger, Thinnest, Weakest,…

 Two-syllable---------more/most Example: More handsome, most beautiful,…
 Two-syllable----------Y----ier Example: Prettier, noisier, busier,…

1) Usually(one syllable + er/est)

 Small smaller the smallest
 Tall taller the tallest

 E + r/st

 Wide wider the widest

 Fine finer the finest

2) C + V + C --------- C + er/est
 Hot hotter the hottest
 Big bigger the biggest

 X, W, Y ------------- no doubling

 Slow slower the slowest

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3) Two or more syllables, we use “more” and “most”

 Tired more tired the most tired
 Handsome more handsome the most handsome
 Intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent

Note:
Common/clever/pleasant/polite/gentle/quiet/tired/simple/friendly/able/cruel/handsome/narrow/sour/angry
--------er/more/est/most
Example: Dara is more polite than Tevi.
Dara is politer than Tevi.

 More/Less
 It is more expensive than mine.
 It is less expensive than mine.
 S + be + more.adj/adj.er
 It is hotter.  S + be + less + adj
 It is less hot.

 It is bigger.
 It is less big.

 Less/As/So
Example: Dara is more intelligent than Tevi.
-Tevi is less intelligent than Dara. = Tevo is not as intelligent as Dara. Tevi is not so intelligent as Dara.
But: We usually us “not as/so…as” with one-syllable adjectives.
Not: A car is less big than a truck.

 Of The Two + Nouns

 S + be + the + adj.er/more.adj + of + the two + noun

 Of the two + noun, + s + be + the + adj.er/more.adj

 He is the cleverer of the two students.

 Of the two students, he is the cleverer.
 Panna is the more beautiful of the two boys.
 Of the two boys, Panna is the more beautiful.

 Ever/Usual
 He is as stupid as ever. As + adj + as + ever
 They are as industrious as ever.
 Today, it is hotter than ever.
Adj.er/more.adj + than + ever
 Tonight, she more attractive than ever.
 They are more handsome than ever.

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 Rady is as kind as usual. As + adj + as + usual

 She is as pretty as usual.
 He is stronger than usual. Adj.er/more.adj + than + usual
 Rady is more intelligent than usual in the final exam.

C. Superlative Degree
 I am as old as Sok is.
 I am older than Sok is.
 I am the oldest.
S + be + the + adj.est/most.adj + noun
 Sok is as famous as Sao.
 Sok is more famous than Sao.
 Sok is the most famous singer.

 She is by far the most famous woman. S + be + by far + the superlative

 He is the least famous man. S + be + the least + adj

 Positive…………………equal(2 people or things)

 Comparative ………………..2 people/things/groups
 Superlative……………….3 or more people/things/groups

Irregular Adjective Comparison

 Good better the best

 Bad worse the worst
 Far farther/further the farthest/furthest
 Little less the least
 Few fewer the fewest
 Much/many more the most
Note: there is a special use of old to describe family members that has an irregular form:
 Old elder the eldest

ម្ននន្តអ្នកន្ដលភាាក់រលឹកប៉ាដុ ណា
ណ ោះ ដទប
ើ សមនង
ឹ ទទួលបាន នូវអ្វន្ី ដលខ្លួនចង់បាន។

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Adjective Comparison
Positive Degrees
A: Use the following adjectives to make positive degree adjectives.

Tall Clever Fat Handsome

Important Kind Open-minded Courageous
Stubborn Docile Humble Optimistic

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

9. _____________________________________________________________________

10. _____________________________________________________________________

11. _____________________________________________________________________

12. _____________________________________________________________________

B: Rewrite the following sentences using as + adj + as.

1) She is three times wealthier than I am.

______________________________________________________________________
2. She is one time taller than he is.
______________________________________________________________________
3. The girl is four times more beautiful than I am.
______________________________________________________________________
4. She is two times more intelligent than I am.
______________________________________________________________________
5. They are five times better than we used to be.
______________________________________________________________________

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PRACTICE

A: Are the following sentences correct or incorrect? Write C for correct and I for incorrect.

1. ( ) They are as taller as I am.

2. ( ) We are old as them.
3. ( ) She is not as strong than he is.
4. ( ) Dara as young as we are.
5. ( ) Sok is much healthy as you are.
6. ( ) He is not as rich as Sovann is.
7. ( ) They are very poor as we are.
8. ( ) She is as happier as they are.
9. ( ) Phnom Penh is as more crowded as such a city is.
10. ( ) It is not as dirty as my house is.

B: Choose the correct option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. We are ________________he is.

A. as sad as B. as more sad as
C. more sad as D. as sad than

2. They are ________________we are.

A. tired as B. tired than as
C. more tired as D. as tired as

3. The school ________________our house is.

A. just dirty as B. just as dirty as
C. is just as dirty as D. is just as dirty than

4. The woman ________________the old man.

A. is richer as B. as rich as
C. is rich as D. is as rich as

5. They ________________he is.

A. stronger as than B. be as strong as
C. are stronger as D. are as strong as

1 2 3 4 5

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Comparative Adjectives
A1: Add –er/more- to the following adjectives.

1. Beautiful  _ 2. Good  _

3. Rude  ___________ 4. Cheeky  ___________
5. Impolite  ___________ 6. Hot  ___________
7. Big  ___________ 8. Lucky  ___________
9. Handsome  ___________ 10. Easy  ___________

A2: Add –er/more- to the following adjectives.

11. Happy  _ 12. Fast  _

13. Bad  ___________ 14. Far  ___________
15. Difficult  ___________ 16. Confident  ___________
17. Generous  ___________ 18. Fortunate  ___________
19. Cheap  ___________ 20. Expensive  ___________

A3: Add –er/more- to the following adjectives.

21. Obstinate  _ 22. Boastful  _

23. Hard  ___________ 24. Studious  ___________
25. Lazy  ___________ 26. Distinct  ___________
27. Busy  ___________ 28. Small  ___________
29. Tired  ___________ 30. Exhausted  ___________

B: Use the following sentences to make comparative adjectives.

Cruel Ugly Polite Hard-working

Good Bad Careful Diligent
Patient Quiet Heavy Light

1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________
6. _____________________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________________________________
11. _____________________________________________________________________
12. _____________________________________________________________________

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C: Complete the sentences using comparative adjectives.

1. She is _________________(strong) I am.

2. They are _________________(weak) she is.
3. They are _________________(busy) he is.
4. Sok _________________(short).
5. I am _________________(rich).
6. We _________________ (poor).
7. She _________________(kind) we are.
8. They _________________(successful) she used to be
9. It _________________(useful).
10. She _________________(good) they are.
11. It is _________________(slow).
12. They were _________________(sad).
13. She _________________(attractive).
14. They _________________(calm).
15. It _________________(dangerous).

Superlative Adjectives
A1: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of the following sentences.

Adjectives Comparative Adjectives Superlative Adjectives

1. famous ________________________ ________________________
2. fat ________________________ ________________________
3. clean ________________________ ________________________
4. cold ________________________ ________________________
5. good ________________________ ________________________
6. bad ________________________ ________________________
7. comfortable ________________________ ________________________
8. far ________________________ ________________________
9. curious ________________________ ________________________
10. dirty ________________________ ________________________

A2: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of the following sentences.

Adjectives Comparative Adjectives Superlative Adjectives

1. high ________________________ ________________________
2. old ________________________ ________________________
3. safe ________________________ ________________________
4. powerful ________________________ ________________________
5. obvious ________________________ ________________________
6. steady ________________________ ________________________
7. serious ________________________ ________________________
8. significant ________________________ ________________________
9. wide ________________________ ________________________
10. terrible ________________________ ________________________

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A3: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of the following sentences.

Adjectives Comparative Adjectives Superlative Adjectives

1. Fine ________________________ ________________________
2. Firm ________________________ ________________________
3. Popular ________________________ ________________________
4. Friendly ________________________ ________________________
5. Frightened ________________________ ________________________
6. Common ________________________ ________________________
7. Simple ________________________ ________________________
8. Clever ________________________ ________________________
9. Nervous ________________________ ________________________
10. Nice ________________________ ________________________

A4: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of the following sentences.

Adjectives Comparative Adjectives Superlative Adjectives

1. Strange ________________________ ________________________
2. Stupid ________________________ ________________________
3. Suitable ________________________ ________________________
4. Sweet ________________________ ________________________
5. Tight ________________________ ________________________
6. Thick ________________________ ________________________
7. Thin ________________________ ________________________
8. Tiny ________________________ ________________________
9. Soft ________________________ ________________________
10. Warm ________________________ ________________________

A5: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of the following sentences.

Adjectives Comparative Adjectives Superlative Adjectives

1. Surprised ________________________ ________________________
2. Violent ________________________ ________________________
3. Wet ________________________ ________________________
4. Wild ________________________ ________________________
5. Young ________________________ ________________________
6. Lovely ________________________ ________________________
7. Low ________________________ ________________________
8. Pale ________________________ ________________________
9. Familiar ________________________ ________________________
10. Efficient ________________________ ________________________

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A6: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of the following sentences.

Adjectives Comparative Adjectives Superlative Adjectives

1. Pleasant ________________________ ________________________
2. Narrow ________________________ ________________________
3. Effective ________________________ ________________________
4. Dark ________________________ ________________________
5. Bright ________________________ ________________________

B: Use the following adjectives to make superlative adjective sentences.

Happy Angry Confident Thick

Long Hot Thirsty Tired
Sleepy Fat Successful Generous

1. They _________________(beautiful) students in the class.

2. We _________________(lazy) students at university.
3. It _________________(hot) day
4. She _________________(famous) singer.
5. Dara _________________(hard-working) student in the class.
6. She _________________(rude girl).
7. He _________________(young boy)
8. She _________________(old girl).
9. They _________________(happy) girl in the world.
10. We _________________(successful) people in the city.
11. She _________________(good student).
12. He _________________(bad) friend.
13. It _________________(big) pen.
14. It _________________( heavy) car.
15. It _________________(expensive) house.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. Mary is _____________Monica is.

A. as well than B. as good as
C. as better as D. be as good as

2. Sarah is _____________in the team.

A. best player B. the best player
C. the best players D. as best player as

3. You are _____________.

A. more fatter B. as fatter
C. fatter D. fater

4. It is _____________river in the world.

A. longer river B. as long as river
C. longest river D. the longest river

5. Your problems are _____________mine.

A. more big than B. as bigger as
C. as big as D. the biggest

6. It is _____________the best film I have ever watched.

A. far by B. by far
C. by near D. near by

7. You are _____________she is.

A. only as beautiful as B. as beautiful just as
C. just as beautiful as D. as only beautiful as

8. You are _____________I am.

A. two times as rich as B. two times richer than
C. two times as richer as D. two times more richer than

9. Of the two boys, he is _____________.

A. cleverer B. the cleverer
C. more clever D. more clever than

10. Your book is not as good as mine. Yours is _____________than mine.

A. more interesting B. most interesting
C. less interesting D. the more interesting

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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ADJECTIVE COMPARISON PRACTICE

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. They ________________ me.

A) taller than B) are taller C) are more taller than D) are taller than

2. You ________________she is.

A) are as younger as B) are younger as C) are younger than D) are than younger

3. She is ________________student in the class.

A) the most clever B) most clever C) most the clever D) the most cleverest

4. They ________________we are.

A) are more happy than B) more happier than C. are happier than D) are happier

5. He is ________________.
A) more kinder B) more tired C) more easy D) more nastier

6. Between you and me, you are ________________.

A) taller B) tallest C) the tallest D) more taller

7. She is much ________________.

A) richer than B) richer C) more rich D) more rich than

8. Of the four students, he ________________.

A) is poorer B) is poorest C) is as poor as D) is the poorest

9. Our group ________________that group.

A) is the best B) is the better C) is better than D) is much gooder

10. He is ________________of all the women in my class.

A) kinder B) more kinder C) kindest D) the kindest

11. Sok and Sao have the same amount of money, so Sok is ________________Sao.
A) richer than B) as rich as C) as richer as D) the richest

12. They are more handsome ________________.

A) he is B) him C) than him D) than he is

13. Of the five teachers, he ________________.

A) is the baddest B) is worse C) as bad as D) the worst

14. I have bought two books. The first is ________________the other, so I prefer the first.
A) better than B) is the best C) as good as D) as better as

15. You are ________________I am.

A) just as happy as B) just as happier as C) as just happy as D) as happy just as

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Write a paragraph by using Adjective Comparison.

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

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THIRD CONDITIONAL

(Y)

Example: Chetra went for a long walk, but he did not take his umbrella. It rained, and he got wet.
 If he had taken his umbrella, he wouldn‟t have got wet.
 If he had heard the weather forecast, he wouldn‟t have gone out.
 If he hadn‟t gone out, he would have finished his homework.

More examples:
 If I had known you earlier, I would have been happier.
 She could have been your friend if she had not blamed you.
 They might have won that lottery if they had bought it.

Form:
 Subject + would/might/could + have + Verb3 + object + if + subject + had + Verb3+ object
 If + subject + had + Verb3+ object, subject + would/might/could + have + Verb3+ object

 To make third conditional more styled, follow the rule below:

Examples:
 Had I known you earlier, I would have been happier.
 She could have been your friend had she not blamed you.
 They might have won that lottery had they bought it.

Form:
Had + subject + Verb3 + object, Subject + would + have + Verb3 + object

Uses:
 This type of conditional-third conditional- describes a past event that is different to what really
happened. In other words, it is contrary to the past or it is used to express regret.

ម្ននមនុសសពរី ទក់ន្ដលសងឃមថាអ្ន
ឹ កនង
ឹ កាលយជាមនុសសពូន្ក? ដតព
ើ ក
ួ គ្មត់ជាន
ណារ?

សងឃមថាអ្ន
ឹ កនង
ឹ មន
ិ បំផ្លលញដសចកតស
ី ងឃមរបស់
ឹ ឪពុកម្នតយរបស់អ្ក
ន ដទ។


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Practice
Third Conditional

A: Circle the correct phrase or word in each sentence.

1) If you phoned/had phoned me yesterday, I had given/would have given you the news.
2) If you had taken/would have taken more exercise, you might have felt/had felt better.
3) If Cheata drove/had driven more carefully, she wouldn‟t have crashed/didn‟t crash.
4) If you had come/came to see the film, you had enjoyed/would have enjoyed it.
5) If I‟d known/I would know it was your birthday, I would send/would have sent you a card.
6) If people had helped/helped one another, the world might have been/was a better place.
7) If our team had scored/scored more goals, we had won/could have won.
8) If you would have worn/had worn a coat, you wouldn‘t have got/didn‘t get wet.
9) Had/Have you known me earlier, you would/will have been more delighted.
10) My students would have/had written a lot if I had not given/would give them a lot of handouts.
B: Complete the sentence for each situation.

1. Chakriya didn‟t leave early, and so she missed the bus.

If Chakriya…………………………………………………, she………………………………. the bus.

2. I didn‟t buy more milk, so I didn‟t have enough for breakfast.

If I……………………………………….., I……………………………….. enough for breakfast.

3. We forgot to take a map, so we got lost in the mountains.

If we………………………………………………., we…………………………. in the mountains.

4. I didn‟t go to bed early, so I didn‟t wake up at 7.00.

If I ………………………………. Early, I ……………………………………. at 7.00.

5. Vutha didn‟t make a shopping list, and he forgot to buy some coffee.
If Vutha…………………………………………………., he ………………………….. some coffee.

6. I didn‟t realize you were tired when I asked you to go for a walk.
If I …………………………………………….., I …………………………….. for a walk.

7. The Romans didn‟t sail across the Atlantic, so they didn‟t reach America.
If the Romans……………………………………………….., they ………………………….. America.

8. I didn‟t turn left at the station, and I lost my way.

If I ……………………………………….., I wouldn‘t have lost my way.

9. My students didn‟t write some grammar points, so they had nothing to review.
If my students…………………………………………., they ……………………something to review.

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C: Fill in the following sentences with the correct form of Third Conditional

1) If it had been hot yesterday, _______________________________________________.

2) _______________________________________________, he would have been happy.
3) I could have bought a house if _______________________________________________..
4) _______________________________________________if we had continued our study.
5) If I had gone to bed early, _______________________________________________.
6) If you had cooked vegetables for too long, ___________________________________________.
7) _______________________________________________if it had been raw.
8) _______________________________________________, I would have called you.
9) _______________________________________________if I had had a car.
10) If I had lost my job, _______________________________________________.
11) If I had not studied English with my teacher, _________________________________________.
12) Where had you lived _______________________________________________?
13) _______________________________________________, he would have had lunch outside.
14) Had you love me, I____________________________________________.
15) _______________________________________________, what would you have done?
D: Create 5 sentences by using Third Conditional.
1
2
3
4
5

E: Inverse the following sentences by omitting “if”.

1) If he had taken his umbrella, he wouldn‘t have got wet.
 Had he taken his umbrella, he wouldn‟t have got wet.
2) If he had heard the weather forecast, he wouldn‘t have gone out.

3) If he hadn‘t gone out, he would have finished his homework.

4) If I had known you earlier, I would have been happier.

5) She could have been your friend if she had not blamed you.

6) They might have won that lottery if they had bought it.

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Conditional (First, Second and Third)

Practice Test One
Choose the correct option.

1. If I had the book, _____________it to you.

A) I will lend B) I would lend C) I lend D) I would have lent

2. If she comes, I _____________.

A) will tell you B) could tell you C) would have told D) would tell you

3. If I _____________you, I would help her.

A) were B) am C) was D) been

4. _____________here, she would be happy.

A) If he was B) He were C) Were he D) If were he

5. I will not help you if you _____________me her secret.

A) refused to tell B) refuse telling C) refuse to tell D) had refused to tell

6. I would be glad if you _____________there with me.

A) went B) had gone C) go D) would go

7. If she had come here yesterday, she _____________ him.

A) would have met B) will meet C) would meet D) meets

8. _____________the book, they would not have wasted their money.

A) If they bought B) If they buy C) If had they bought D) Had they bought

9. If they _____________ harder, they would have passed the exam.

A. had studied B. studied C. would have studied D. have studied

10. You _____________a chance to win a scholarship if you fail that test.
A) will not have B) will not has C) would not have D) would not have had

11. If I were you, I _____ your mother.

A. would help B. will have helped C. help D. helped

12) They wouldn‘t have had a problem if they _____________ more carefully.
A. thought B. would have thought C. would think D. had thought

13) If Jane _ earlier, she _ me in bed.

A. would come - had found B. came - had found
C. had come -would found D. had come - would have found

14) He _____________ his exams if he'd learnt more.

A. wouldn't have failed B. did not fail
C. wouldn't failed D. hadn't failed

15) I think those flowers would grow better if you _____________ them some water.

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A. had given B. have give C. given D. gave

16) She failed the test. I think if she _____________, she _____________the test.
A) studied harder – would pass B) had studied harder – would have passed
C) studies harder – will pass D) had studied harder – would pass

17) She is not beautiful. If she _more beautiful, she _happier.

A) is – would be B) was – would be
C) had been – would have been D) were – would be
Practice Test Two
A) Write the conditional sentences using SECOND and THIRD conditionals.
1. We blamed her, so she was sad.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. They have no bike, so they can‘t go to school.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. They are worried because their parents are ill.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. You didn‘t inform us, so we were very angry with you.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. It was very dark, so we didn‘t go to school.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. They praised us because we had passed the test.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. She was taking a nap, so I didn‘t bother her.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. They got stuck in the traffic, so they were late for school.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. He lives far away from his parents, so he misses them very much.
________________________________________________________________________________
10. It is snowing, so we will not go to work.
________________________________________________________________________________

B) Write the sentences again by using Second or Third Conditional.

1. I was tired, so I didn‘t do the homework.
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. We are very poor, so we cannot buy the house.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. It was snowing heavily, so we could not go out.
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. We don‘t have money, so we can‘t go to study.
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. The teacher is worried because Dara is a bad student.
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. She was arrested because she had killed a man.
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. Tevi is rude, so everybody doesn‘t like her.
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. I had no money, so I could not buy a flower for her.
_____________________________________________________________________________
9. We did not tell her, so she was very angry.
_____________________________________________________________________________
10. They are not happy because it is very hot.
176 | P a g e
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_____________________________________________________________________________
Write a paragraph by using Third Conditional.
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177 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

Infinitive and Gerund (TO DO, DOING & TO DOING)

A) Infinitives
a) Verb + to-infinitive
afford, hesitate, aim, apply, decline, fail, hasten, hurry, long, manage, offer, prepare, refuse, seek, shudder(to
think), strive, struggle, agree, appear, arrange, beg, care, claim, consent, decide, demand, deserve, expect,
hope, learn, plan, pretend, promise, seem, swear, tend, threaten, volunteer, want, wait, wish, know how,
intend

Example: She refuses to help me.

Example: I shudder to think what my parents will say when I tell them I've failed my exams.

B) Gerunds
a) Verbs + gerunds
admit, appreciate, avoid, celebrate, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, detest, discontinue, dislike,
dispute, endure, enjoy, entail, escape, excuse, explain, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, can't help, hinder,
imagine, involve, keep, loathe, pardon, postpone, practice, prevent, recall, report, resent, resist, risk, suggest,
understand.

Example: I don't fancy going for a walk in the rain.

Example: I imagine not knowing the answer to such an easy question.

C) Expressions + Verb-ing

1. Have fun/have a good time + V-ing

Example: We had fun playing tennis.

2. Have trouble/have difficulty + V-ing

Example: I had trouble finding his house.

3. Spend/waste time + V-ing

Example: She spends three hours reading books.

4. In addition to+ V-ing

Example: In addition to working as a teacher, I’m also a bank manger.

5. It is worth+ V-ing
Example: This new document is worth reading.

6. There is no use+ V-ing

Example: There is no use worrying about your exam.

7. There is no point in + V-ing

Example: There was no point in helping her.

8. Go+ V-ing
Example: I go swimming every week.

9. Object/confess/admit/look forward/get used to/resort/be committed/be devoted/be opposed+ to+ V-ing

Example: I would like to object to building a new school.
178 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

D) Verbs + Infinitive/Gerund (No Different Meanings)

Begin Hate Can‘t stand Continue

Love Prefer Start Like

Examples: I like to listen to music.

I like listening to music.

It began to rain.
It began raining.

She hates to be alone.

She hates being alone.

E) Verbs + Infinitive/Gerund (Different Meanings)

Stop Forget Allow Try

Examples:
She stops speaking with me.
She stops to speak with me.

I forget to tell you about the exam date.

I forget telling you about the exam date.

She allows me to speak English.

I am allowed to speak English.
The school doesn‟t allow smoking in the class.

My students try to study English.

Try taking this medicine if you want to be better.

Note:
I intend to go to the meeting.
I intend going to the meeting.
 There is no change in meaning between the two sentences.

He advised buying a new car.

He advised me to buy a new car.
I was advised to buy a new car.

 A gerund is used after „advise‟ (active) if there is no object.

She decides to marry me. (A decision is made to do sth. )

She doesn‟t decide to marry me. (A decision is not made.)
She decides not to marry me. (A decision is made not to do sth.)

Note2:
1. Help sb do sth(She helps me do homework.)
2. Help sb to do sth(She helps me to do homework.)
3. Help do/to do(She helps build this house.)
4. Can‘t/could help doing-unable to control or stop it-(I can‘t help laughing.)
179 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

ឬសគល់ចនការសិកា ពិតណាស់ពត
ិ ជាលវីង ប៉ាុន្នតផលន្ផលរបស់វា ពត
ិ ជាន្ផែម។
ប៉ាុន្នតន្ផែមកំរតណាអារស័
ិ យដលើការពាយមរបស់អ្នក។


MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1
Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. She seemed ______________.

A. to be angry with us B. being angry with us
C. to being angry with us D. to angry with us

2. She deserved ______________.

A. to doing such a thing B. doing such a thing
C. to do such a thing D. to did such a thing

3. She didn‘t care ______________.

A. to do it B. to doing it
C. doing it D. to did it

4. He promised ______________.
A. to get married to her B. getting married to her
C. to getting married to her D. get married to her

5. He mentioned ______________.
A. living alone B. to live alone
C. live alone D. to living alone

6. They denied ______________.

A. to steal her money B. to stealing her money
C. steal her money D. stealing her money

7. I can‘t tolerate ______________.

A. to write it B. writing it
C. to writing it D. write it

8. They recommend ______________.

A. buy this book B. to buy this book
C. buying this book D. to buying this book

9. He didn‘t hesitate ______________.

A. to buying it B. buying it
C. buy it D. to buy it

10. He didn‘t finished ______________yet.

A. to read the passage B. reading the passage
C. to reading the passage D. read the passage

Write your answers in the box provided below.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

180 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 2

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. He didn‘t recollect ______________.

A. teach us in the province B. teaching us in the province
C. to teach us in the province D. to teaching us in the province

2. He delayed ______________.
A. to go to school B. to going to school
C. going to school D. go to school

3. They suggested ______________.

A. to read more books B. to reading more books
C. read more books D. reading more books

4. She wanted ______________.

A. to live with us B. to living with us
C. live with us D. living with us

5. We risked ______________.
A. to invest our money B. to investing our money
C. invest our money D. investing our money

6. She considered ______________.

A. to change our present job B. changing our present job
C. to changing our present job D. change our present job

7. He resisted ______________.
A. to do it B. to doing it
C. doing it D. do it

8. He keeps ______________.
A. to try to study B. to trying to study
C. try to study D. trying to study

9. They recalled ______________.

A. to play tennis with you B. playing tennis with you
C. to playing tennis with you D. play tennis with you

10. The offered ______________.

A. to help the old woman B. to helping the old woman
C. help the old woman D. helping the old woman

Write your answers in the box provided below.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

181 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 3

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. She swore ______________.

A. to do it B. doing it
C. to doing it D. to did it

2. She waited ______________.

A. to hear from you B. to hearing from you
C. hear from you D. hearing from you

3. They pretended ______________.

A. to know him B. knowing him
C. to knowing him D. to known him

4. They prepared ______________.

A. to give a speech B. to giving a speech
C. to gave a speech D. giving a speech

5. She managed ______________.

A. to arrive home safely B. to arriving home safely
C. arriving home safely D. arrive home safely

6. He resumed ______________.
A. to do it B. doing it
C. to doing it D. to did it

7. They will enjoy ______________.

A. to read the books B. to reading the books
C. reading the books D. read the books

8. They have avoided ______________.

A. to tell us B. telling us
C. to telling us D. to told us

9. She tends ______________.

A. to blame others B. to blaming others
C. blaming others D. blame others

10. She arranged ______________.

A. to meet all of her friends B. meeting all of her friends
C. to meeting all of her friends D. meet all of her friends

Write your answers in the box provided below.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

182 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 4

Choose the option A, B, C, or D that BEST completes each of the following sentences.

1. He excused ______________.
A. to be busy B. being busy
C. to being busy D. be busy

2. They decided ______________.

A. to study with him B. to studying with him
C. study with him D. studying with him

3. She waited ______________.

A. to meet him B. to meeting him
C. meeting him D. meet him

4. They threatened ______________.

A. to punish me B. to punishing me
C. punish me D. to punished me

5. I refused ______________.
A. to buy an old car B. buying an old car
C. to buying an old car D. buy an old car

6. He claimed ______________.
A. to arresting the thief B. to arrest the thief
C. arrest the thief D. arresting the thief

7. I have planned ______________.

A. to live in the forest B. to living in the forest
C. live in the forest D. living in the forest

8. They appreciated ______________.

A. working hard B. to work hard
C. work hard D. to working hard

9. They practice ______________.

A. kick the ball B. to kicking the ball
C. kick the ball D. kicking the ball

10. They have imagined ______________.

A. to live with us B. to living with us
C. living with us D. live with us

Write your answers in the box provided below.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

183 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

Write a paragraph by using Gerund and Infinitive.

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184 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

Participles(Present-ing, Past-ed)

 Participles are verbal adjectives.

 Present participles(verb _ ing) describe what somebody or something is.

Example: It was a boring lecture. (What kind of lecture? –Boring.)
Example: This book is very interesting. (What kind of books?-Interesting)

 Past participles(verb + ed) describe how someone feels.

Example: They were bored by the lecture. (How did they feel during the lecture? –Bored.)
Example: I am very interested in this book. (How do I feel about the book? –Interested.)

 Verb-ing-something interests us.

 Verb-ed-we show our interest to sth/sb.

Practice
A: Underline the correct participle.
1) He was encouraging/encouraged towards his children.
2) They found the film very excited/exciting.
3) He was exhausting/exhausted after the marathon.
4) They were worrying/worried that they would be late.
5) Her behavior is extremely annoying/annoyed.
6) We were shocking/shocked by his behavior.
7) She told us a very entertaining/entertained story.
8) They were all surprising/surprised when he turned up at the party.
9) That book is really interested/interesting.
10) They were fascinated/fascinating by the view.

B: Use the following words to create two sentences; one is present participle and the other past
participle.
Fascinate, Frighten, astonish, tire, bore, and irritate.

Example: I am very fascinated with the lecture. & The lecture is very fascinating.
Example: _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Example: _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Example: _______________________________________________________________

185 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

_______________________________________________________________

Example: _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Notes:

 Participles are often seen before nouns as one-word adjectives.

 Present participles end with –ing. When used with before a noun, present participles have an
active meaning.
 Past participles of regular verbs end in –ed; the past participles of many common verbs are
irregular. Before nouns, past participles have a passive meaning.

Example: It was an exhausting 10-kilometer race. (present participle)

Example: The exhausted runners were too tired to move after the race. (past participle)

 In the first sentence, the race exhausts the runners. The race ‗performs‘ the action.
 In the second sentence, the runners are exhausted by the race. They receive the action.

 Participles are also used in phrases after nouns as reduced (shortened) relative clauses. Again,
present participles imply an active idea, past participle a passive one.

Example: The man stealing the money was arrested. (present participle; means ‗stealing = who
stole‘)
Example: The money stolen from the bank was recovered. (past participle; means ‗which was
stolen‘)

ដពលទំដនរគួរចំណាយដពលដរៀនឲ្យបានដរចន
ើ ។
ដបអ្
ើ កន ចូលចត
ិ ដត រៀន ពត
ិ ណាស់ ចថៃណាមួយអ្នកនង
ឹ ពូន្ក!


186 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

Participle Practice

A: Word formation: Adjectives ending in –ing and –ed

Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

1) Scream was probably the most ……………………film I‘ve ever seen. (fright)
2) I get so…………………….when my dad starts singing. (embarrass)
3) I think I‘ll go straight to bed. It was a very…………………journey.(tire)
4) Yes, you must be………………………… . (exhaust)
5) The special effects were OK but the plot was rather ……………… .(interest)
6) He gave a ……………….good performance in Sleepy Hollow. (surprise)
7) You look a little…………………. . (confuse)
8) It was quite………………. to read so many negative reviews of the film. (annoy)

B: Now complete the sentences below using the correct adjective:

1) Dogs often feel………………during 5) She‘s ……………of doing the same
fireworks. thing every day.
A. frightening A. boring
B. frightened B. bored

2) The metro can be…………..the first time 6) It was the most………………I have
you use it. been watching a film.
A. confused A. exciting
B. confusing B. excited

3) Satoru was……………to hear about the 7) The meals at Immigrant‘s Café

earthquake. are…………….
A. shocking A. satisfying
B. shocked B. satisfied

4) I think that rainy days in winter 8) The book that you are reading is very
are…………… . ……………..
A. depressing A. interesting
B. depressed B. interested

C: Fill in the following blank with V-ing or V-ed.

1) Chakriya was _____________ about learning with his teacher.

2) Cheata was _____________ by the news yesterday.
3) Chhay Lin was _____________ by the information.
4) Don‘t be _____________ with me.
5) His hope became _____________.
6) I found the movie very _____________.
7) It is very _____________ of me to talk with him.
8) It is very _____________ to speak with him.

187 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

9) It is very _____________ to speak with this strange man.

10) My students were _____________ with my lesson.
11) She is _____________ by the tragedy.
12) Sreylao looked _____________.
13) The information was _____________.
14) The lesson was very _____________.
15) The movie was very _____________.
16) The news was _____________. I didn‘t want to listen to it.
17) Vutha has been _____________ with his friend.
18) We are very _____________ with his death.

ADJECTIVES –ED –ING

A: Write I if the following participles incorrect and C if correct.

1) ____Sally has been running for three hours and now she is exhausted.
2) ____My brother had an accident and his situation is quite worried.
3) ____When we visited that abandoned house it was really depressing.
4) ____I think he was confusing because he called me Mary and my name is Rose
5) ____That film is not amusing despite being a comedy
6) ____Your bathroom is disgusted.
7) ____Are you interested in reading one of my novels?
8) ____What is the most frightened story you‘ve ever heard?
9) ____It was the most boring meeting I have ever attended.
10) ____When we broke the vase, we felt very embarrassing.

B: Fill in with the suitable form of the adjective given.

1. Is the book you are reading very ………………. .(Interest)

2. The new James Bond film is really …………………… .(thrill)
3. We were both …………………that she hadn‘t heard the news. (Surprise)
4. The images of the war were very ……………….. .(Depress)
5. I nearly fell asleep in the cinema. The film was so …………… .(bore)
6. She had such good marks that she was very ……………………. .(Encourage)
7. Can you tell me where that …………………noise comes from? (Annoy)
8. They were ……………….. because the weather wasn‘t good yesterday. (Disappoint)
9. My sister was ……………………by my old toys. (Fascinate)
10. When you are not in good spirits, it is ………………….to stay in bed all day. (Tempt)

188 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

C:
1. A: Hey, my job's __________ too, but that's no reason to quit. It's not easy to find a new
job.
boring/bored
2. B: I think he's quitting for another reason. He didn't get the promotion he wanted and I
think that he's really ________.
disappointing/disappointed
3. A: That's probably the real reason. He works hard and his boss is very ________ with his
work, so he deserves a promotion.
satisfying/satisfied
4. B: Well I hope he changes his mind. It's difficult to find ________ work with a good
salary.
satisfying/satisfied
5. A: How about your sister Kate? I hear that she won a prize for her multimedia project. She
must be ________.
thrilling/thrilled
6. B: I'm really happy for her. She worked so hard. And the results are fantastic. It's a
sociology project and it's full of __________ images and sounds.
fascinated/fascinating
7. A: Good for her! She really deserves it. But I feel really bad. She invited me to see it. I
planned to go, but when the day came, I completely forgot. It was so ________.
embarrassed /embarrassing
8. B: Yes, she told me. Apparently she saw you the next day and you were really ________
when she mentioned it. Don't worry about it. She knows you're very busy.
surprising / surprised
9. A: Well, I'm glad she's not upset with me. By the way, there's a documentary on tv this
evening that you should not miss. It's about global warming, and some of its predictions
are quite ________.
terrifying /terrified
10. B: Global warming! Future disasters! It sounds very ________.
depressed /depressing
11. A: Yeah! You're probably right. But as you know, I'm very ________ in that type of
documentary. I'm not going to miss it.
interesting /interested
12. B: But it's not for me. My work is quite ________ and when I come home, I just want to
relax.
interesting /interested
13. A: I know what you mean. I often feel quite depressed after I watch that kind of
documentary, but at the same time I find it quite ________.
fascinated / fascinating
14. B: I think you're like those people who go to see horror movies. You love to be ________.
You find it very exciting.
frightening /frightened
15. A: You're absolutely right. I'm ________ to see that my personality is so transparent.
Anyway, I have to go. It was nice talking to you again, Elisabeth.
B: Yes, let's do that.
pleasing /pleased

189 | P a g e
Basic Grammar

Write a paragraph by using Participle(Verb-ing and Verb-ed)

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190 | P a g e

Present Continuous Exercises
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Basic Grammar Lessons 1-25

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Basic Grammar Lessons 1-25

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Basic Grammar

1) Die of/from(v): ស្លលប់ដោយស្លរអ្វីមយ

2) Thank sb for doing sth(v): អ្រគុណនរណាម្ននក់ដោយដគបានដធវអ្

4) Apologize to sb for sth/doing sth(v): សុំ ដោសនរណាម្ននក់

5) Blame sb for sth/doing sth(v): បដទទសនរណាម្ននក់

6) Blame sth on sb(v): បដទទសនរណាម្ននក់

7) Arrest sb for doing sth(v): ចាប់ខ្ួ នណារម្ន

9) Compliment sb on sth/doing sth(v): សរដសើរនរណាម្ននក់

10) Search somewhere for sth/sb(v): រកអ្វម

11) Throw sth at sb(angry) (v): គប់អ្វីមយ

12) Throw sth to sb(hand in) (v): ហុច ឬដបាោះអ្វម

13) Praise sb for sth/doing sth(v): សរដសើរនរណាម្ននក់

14) Jealous of sb(v): របច័ណឌនរណាម្ននក់

15) At fault: ម្ននកំហុស

16) In advance: ជាមុន

17) On purpose: ម្ននបំណង ឬម្ននដចតទ

18) By chance: ដោយចចដនយ

B: Study the following examples.

He should be praised for his honesty.

2) Thank sb for doing sth(v):

3) Forgive sb for doing sth(v):

4) Apologize to sb for sth/doing sth(v):

5) Blame sb for sth/doing sth(v):

6) Blame sth on sb(v):

7) Arrest sb for doing sth(v):

9) Compliment sb on sth/doing sth(v):

10) Search somewhere for sth/sb(v):

11) Throw sth at sb(angry) (v):

12) Throw sth to sb(hand in) (v):

13) Praise sb for sth/doing sth(v):

14) Jealous of sb(v):

A: Choose the correct option A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences.

2. Thank you ________________helping me. 7. She relies ________________us.

3. They didn‘t forgive me ______blaming them. 8. They decided not to compliment us

C) of D) on 14. You are not ______________fault.

Singular and Plural Noun

 Singular noun noun + s/es/ies

Example: Book a books

Part Two: How to form plural noun

Exception One Exception Two

6) Irregular plural nouns(change)

7) Irregular plural nouns(No change)

8) Special Note One

9) Special Note Two

 Some nouns have the plural form only.

 The following plural forms are commonly used in singular.

Pluralize the following words.

A: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Bank ______________ 2. House ______________

B: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Dog ______________ 2. Lady ______________

C: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Mouse ______________ 2. Cooker ______________

D: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Keyboard ______________ 2. Pencil ______________

F: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

G: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

H: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

I. Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Offspring ______________ 2. Fish ______________

A: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Tray ______________ 2. Jug ______________

1. Sheep ______________ 2. Syllabus ______________

C: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Parenthesis ______________ 2. Erratum ______________

D: Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

1. Sheep ______________ 2. Fish ______________

E. Write the plural forms of the following nouns.

Full name:___________________ Surprising Quiz Total Marks:_____/

Put the following nouns in the plural.

Some and Any

Some and any are used to talk about an indefinite quantity.

4) I found a taxi without any trouble.

5) Have you got any writing paper?

7) Would you like some more tea?

9) If you need any money, tell me.

2. Thank you helping me. 7. She relies us.

1. Bank 2. House

1. Dog 2. Lady

1. Mouse 2. Cooker

1. Keyboard 2. Pencil

1. Offspring 2. Fish

1. Tray 2. Jug

1. Sheep 2. Syllabus

1. Parenthesis 2. Erratum

1. Sheep 2. Fish

Full name:_______________ Surprising Quiz Total Marks:_/

1. Help  2. Want 

This (1) Terry Mathew. He (2) in a flat in Cambridge. He (3)__