Gasket Handbook

Gasket
Handbook
A Technical Guide to
Gasketing & Bolted Joints
w w w . l a m o n s . c o m
Table of Contents
Introduction
Why Gaskets are Used • Effecting A Seal • Gasket Seating 3
Flange Types • Flange Finish • Material Considerations
Chapter 1 : Gasket Selection

Section 1: Non-Metallic Gaskets
Elastomers 15
Compressed Non-Asbestos 17
Flexible Graphite 23
PTFE Products 26
High Temperature Sheet Products 29
Soft Gasket Dimensions 30
Section 2: Semi-Metallic Gaskets
Spiral Wound Gaskets & Dimensions 43
KammprofileTM Gaskets & Dimensions 83
Corrugated Metal Gaskets & Dimensions 89
Metal / Double Jacketed Gaskets & Dimensions 93
Section 3: Metallic Gaskets
Ring Joints & Dimensions 99
Lens Ring Gaskets & Dimensions 109
Specialty Machined Products 111
Chapter 2 : Gasket Installation

Installation and Bolting Practices 113
Bolt Torque Sequence 120
Trouble Shooting Leaking Joints 125
Chapter 3 : Technical & Design
Information
ASME Section VIII, Div. I-Design Consideration for Bolted Flange
Connections 129
Bolt Load Formulas 132
Notation Symbols and Definitions 133
Common Metals Description 137
Bolt Reference Charts for ASME B16.5 Flanges 140
Bolt Reference Charts for ASME B16.45 A and B Flanges 142
Torque Chart 144
Chapter 4 : Appendix
Chemical Resistance • Galvanic Corrosion • Temperature & 145
Pressure Conversion • Hardness Conversion • Pipe Dimensions
& Weights • Circumferences & Areas of Circles •
Fastener Details
Sealing Global - Servicing Local

1
Lamons Gasket Company makes no expressed or implied warranty or representation
whatsoever concerning the statements and information set forth in this handbook and
expressly disclaims any liability for direct, incidental or consequential damages arising from
injury to persons or products resulting directly or indirectly from the use of, or reliance
upon, any statement or information set forth in this handbook.
The content of this handbook is the property of Lamons Gasket Company and is not to be
reproduced in any form without permission of Lamons.
Lamons is a Company of T RI M AS
CORPORATION
Revision 02.2012
2 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Introduction
The cost of leaky joints in industry today is staggering. Out-of-pocket costs run into billions
of dollars annually in lost production, waste of energy, loss of product and, most recently,
impact on the environment. These problems are increasing, not decreasing, It behooves all of
us to consolidate our knowledge and experience to solve or at least minimize these problems.
This publication is being produced because we, as gasket and fastener manufacturers and
suppliers, are constantly called upon to solve sealing problems after the fact. Too often we
find insufficient time and attention has been given to:
• Proper design of flanged joint;

• Installation procedures; and,
• Selection of the optimum gasket material required to solve a particular sealing
problem.
We will endeavor to outline in this publication those areas we believe to be essential in a

properly designed, installed and maintained gasketed joint.
We believe most people involved with the design, installation, and maintenance of gasketed
joints realize that no such thing as “zero” leakage can be achieved. Whether or not a joint
is “tight” depends on the sophistication of the methods used to measure leakage. In certain
applications the degree of leakage may be perfectly acceptable if one drop of water per
minute is noted at the gasketed joint. Another requirement is that no bubbles would be
observed if the gasketed joint was subjected to an air or gas test underwater. A still more
stringent inspection would require passing a mass spectrometer test. The rigidity of any test
method would be determined by:
• The hazard of the material being confined;
• Loss of critical materials in a process flow;
• Impact on the environment should a particular fluid escape into the atmosphere; and,
• Danger of fire or of personal injury.
All of these factors dictate proper attention must be given to:

• Design of flange joints or closures;
• Proper selection of gasket type;
• Proper gasket material; and,
• Proper installation procedures.
Care in these areas will ensure that the best technology and planning goes into the total
package and will minimize operating costs, pollution of the environment and hazards to
employees and the general public.

3
Why Gaskets are Used
Gaskets are used to create a static seal between two stationary members of a mechanical
assembly and to maintain that seal under operating conditions, which may vary dependent
upon changes in pressures and temperatures. If it were possible to have perfectly mated
flanges and if it were possible to maintain an intimate contact of these perfectly mated flanges
throughout the extremes of operating conditions, a gasket would not be required.
This is virtually impossibility either because of:
• The size of the vessel and/or the flanges;

• The difficulty in maintaining such extremely smooth flange finishes during handling and
assembly;
• Corrosion and erosion of the flange surface during operations; and,
• The sheer number of flanged joints in a typical industrial setting, and commercial
implications.
As a consequence, relatively inexpensive gaskets are used to provide the sealing element in
these mechanical assemblies. In most cases, the gasket provides a seal by utilizing external
forces to flow the gasket material into the imperfections between the mating surfaces. It
follows then that in a properly designed gasket closure, three major considerations must be
taken into account in order for a satisfactory seal to be achieved.
• Sufficient force must be available to initially seat the gasket. Stated this way, adequate
means must be provided to flow the gasket into the imperfections in the gasket seating
surfaces.
• Sufficient forces must be available to maintain a residual stress on the gasket under
operating conditions to ensure that the gasket will be in continuous intimate contact
with the gasket seating surfaces to prevent leakage.
• The selection of the gasket material must be such that it will withstand the pressures
exerted against the gasket, satisfactorily resist the entire temperature range to which
the closure will be exposed and withstand corrosive attack of the confined medium.
Effecting a Seal
A seal is effected by compressing the gasket material and causing it to flow into the
imperfections on the gasket seating surfaces so that intimate contact is made between the
gasket and the seating surfaces.
There are four different methods that may be used either singly or in combination to achieve
this unbroken barrier:
1. Compression
This is the most common method of effecting a seal on a flange joint and the compression
force is normally applied by bolting;
2. Attrition
Is a combination of a dragging action combined with compression, such as in a spark plug
gasket where the spark plug is turned down on a gasket that is both compressed and
screwed in to the flange;
3. Heat
An example is the case of sealing a ball and valve joint on cast iron pipe by means of
molten lead. Molten lead is poured, then is tamped into place using a tamping tool and a
hammer; and,
4. Gasket Lip Expansion
This is a phenomenon that would occur due to edge swelling when the gasket would
be affected by confined fluid. Elastomeric compounds affected by confined fluids, such

as solvents, cause the gasket material to swell and increase the interaction of the gasket
against the flange faces.
Generally, gaskets are called upon to effect a seal across the faces of contact with the flanges.
Permeation of the media through the body of the gasket is also a possibility depending on
material, confined media, and acceptable leakage rate.
Compression Attrition
Gasket Seating
There are two major factors to be considered with regard to gasket seating:
First, the gasket itself. The ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 1
defines minimum design seating stresses for a variety of gasket types and materials. These
design seating stresses range from zero psi for so-called self-sealing gasket types such as low
durometer elastomers and O-rings to 26,000 psi (179 MPa) to properly seat solid flat metal
gaskets. Between these two extremes there is a multitude of types and materials available to
the designer enabling them to make a selection based upon the specific operating conditions
under investigation.
Second, the other major factor to take into consideration must be the surface finish of the
gasket seating surface. As a general rule, it is necessary to have a relatively rough gasket
seating surface for elastomeric and PTFE gaskets on the order of magnitude of 500 micro
inches. Solid metal gaskets normally require a surface finish not rougher than 63 micro inches.
Semi-metallic gaskets, such as spiral wound gaskets, fall between these two general types.
The reason for the difference is that with non-metallic gaskets such as rubber, there must be
sufficient roughness on the gasket seating surfaces to bite into the gasket, thereby preventing
excessive extrusion and increasing resistance to gasket blowout. In the case of solid metal
gaskets, extremely high unit loads are required to flow the gasket into imperfections on
the gasket seating surfaces. This requires that the gasket seating surfaces be as smooth as
possible to ensure an effective seal. Spiral wound gaskets require some surface roughness
to prevent excessive radial slippage of the gasket under compression. The characteristics
of the type of gasket being used dictate the proper flange surface finish that must be taken
into consideration by the flange designer, and there is no such thing as a single optimum
gasket surface finish for all types of gaskets. The problem of the proper finish for gasket
seating surface is further complicated by the type of the flange design. For example, a totally
enclosed facing such as tongue and groove will permit the use of a much smoother gasket
seating surface than can be tolerated with a raised face.
Flange Types
A flange is used to join pipe, valves, or a vessel within a system. The most common flanges
used in industrial applications follow. When applying gasket and sealing components to
these flanges, the user must take into consideration sizing limitations, available clamp load,
optimum surface finish, and gasket placement to minimize flange rotation. Pressure ratings
for ASME standard flanges are classified by pressure class of 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500
and 2500. The most common terminology used is the pound reference, although the more
formal reference is by class, such as class 150 flange. ASME requires that each flange be

5
stamped with the manufacturer’s name, nominal pipe size, pressure classification, flange facing,
bore, material designation, ring gasket number (when using a ring type joint flange facing) and heat
number or code.
Raised Face Flange

Raised Face flanges are the most common type used in industrial applications due to their
versatility in gasket compatibility, robust construction that prevents flange rotation under
load and the unitized design.
Flat Face Flange

Mating faces of both flanges are flat across the entire face both inside and outside the bolts.
These unconfined gaskets require a mechanical stop to control compression height, such as
a spiral wound gasket, should be designed with this consideration.

Tongue and Groove Flange
Compressibility characteristics of the confined design need to be taken into consideration
when applying gaskets to this flange style to ensure flange surfaces do not meet and prevent
over-compression on the gasket. The groove width is typically not wider than 1/16” (1.5
mm) over the tongue width to control gasket compression and creep relaxation due to
gasket migration. The gasket dimensions will typically match the tongue dimensions.
Male - Female or Recessed Groove Flange

Compressibility characteristics need to be taken into consideration when applying gaskets
to this flange style to ensure flange surfaces do not meet and prevent over compression on
the gasket.

7
Lap Joint and Slip on Flange
A lap joint flange and slip on flange are very similar in that they are typically associated with
non-critical applications and systems that require frequent dismantling for inspection. The
slip on flange is bored slightly larger than the OD of the matching pipe. The pipe slips into
the flange prior to welding both inside and outside to prevent leaks. The lap joint has a
curved radius at the bore and face to accommodate a lap joint stub end.
Lap Joint Flange
Slip On Flange

Socket Welding Flange
The flange is similar to the slip on flange, except it has a bore and a counter bore. The
counter is slightly larger than the OD of matching pipe, allowing the pipe to be inserted. A
restriction is built into the bottom of the bore, which acts as a shoulder for the pipe to rest
on, and has the same ID of the matching pipe. The flow is not restricted in any direction.
Ring Type Joint (RTJ)

Very often used for high pressure applications, ring type joints utilize octagonal or oval
shaped ring gaskets that are ideally softer than the flange material. The gasket is confined in
the joint, where surface finish is critical for the traditional metal to metal seal.

9
The Impact of Flange Finish on Gasket Performance
A critical and fundamental aspect of sealing is the level of friction between the flange and
gasket surfaces. The level of roughness characteristic of the flange faces can have a dramatic
effect on gasket creep relaxation, blow out resistance and bolted joint tightness. Dependent
upon the type of gasket that is being used in the connection, different surface finishes can be
utilized to optimize gasket performance.
As a general rule, metal gaskets and those that have less conformable surfaces require
a very smooth surface finish. Given the creep resistance and structural stability of most
metal gaskets, the two mating surfaces can create a very tight and reliable seal. Alignment,
parallelism and flange finish must be within specified limits in order to achieve an optimal
result. Metal gaskets such as solid metal and jacketed designs offer very little forgiveness
in regards to flange finish, and bolting and assembly deficiencies. A typical surface finish
recommendation for these types of metal contact seals is 64 AARH/RMS or smoother.
Soft gaskets such as compressed fiber sheet, that are more compressible, can be more
forgiving in regards to alignment and parallelism of the flange. However, these designs are
more susceptible to creep relaxation and movement while under a load. The flange surface
finish can play a critical role in the gasket’s service life and long term reliability. A smooth
surface finish will not create the necessary friction between these mating surfaces, allowing a
non-reinforced gasket design to be more susceptible to creep under load. This creep would
translate to a loss in bolted joint tightness and potential leakage. A rougher surface finish is
generally recommended for soft, non-reinforced materials to create this necessary friction,
which lends to stability and tightness between the mating surfaces. A typical surface finish
recommendation for soft, non-reinforced materials is 125-250 AARH/RMS or rougher.
Flange Finish Definition and Common Terminology

L AM
0
6.2
LA
ON
ASME B16.20
Raised and flat flange facings are machined with serrations; serrations may be either
B1
MO
or applicable
S
phonographicGasket
or concentric. The industry standard is a phonographic serrated finish. The
NS
W
specification
SM
I LP
Style
R
2 A 3
15
facing finish is judged by visual comparison with Roughness OR Average (Ra) standards. Ra is 2
0 L 15 0
Nominal Pipe
stated in microinches Size
(µin)
316
or micrometers (µm) 316
L FG 3 16L IRand is shown as an Arithmetic Average 316L F
Pressure Class Outer Ring
Roughness Height (AARH) or Root Mean Square (RMS). AARH and RMS are different
methods of calculation giving Winding
essentially
Metalthe sameInner Ring
result and are used interchangeably. The
Filler Material
more common finishes are represented in the illustration below. Normally the manufacturer
furnishes the “Stock Finish” unless the purchaser specifies otherwise.
Defined on following page, flanges are available in many different surface textures that can
affect gasket performance.
1 2
4 3

1. Stock Finish: This is a continuous spiral groove. Suitable for practically all ordinary
service conditions, this is the most widely used of any gasket surface finish. The AARH/
RMS microinch finish for this typically ranges from a 125 to 250 value. This finish is
suitable for gaskets that have a soft conformable face. Under compression, the soft face
will embed into this finish which helps create a seal. A high level of friction is generated
between the mating surfaces due to this aspect. The stock finish for 12” (305 mm) and
smaller flanges is generated by a 1/16” (1.59 mm) radius round nosed tool at a feed of
1/32” (0.79 mm) per revolution. For sizes above 12” (305 mm) the tool nose is 1/8” (3.17
mm) radius and the feed is 3/64” (1.19 mm) per revolution.
2. Spiral Serrated: This, too, is a continuous spiral groove but it differs from the stock
finish in that the groove is generated using a 90 degree tool which creates a “V” geometry
with 45 degree angled serration.
3. Concentric Serrated: (Not depicted) As the name suggests this finish is comprised of
concentric grooves. A 90 degree tool is used and the serrations are spaced evenly across
the face. This is a non-standard custom finish which must be specified.
4. Smooth Finish: This finish show no definite signs of tool markings apparent to the
naked eye. These finishes are typically utilized for gaskets with metal facings such as
double jacketed flat steel. The smooth surfaces mate to create a seal and depend on the
flatness of the opposing faces to effect a seal. AARH/RMS Microinch finish values are
typically better than a 64 value.
5. Lapped Finish (Cold Water Finish): Produced by using a wide tool at high speeds, this
finish is equivalent to a ground surface. It is mirror like in appearance. Surfaces such as
this are typically intended to be used without a gasket.
The concepts of surface roughness, waviness, and lay are illustrated schematically below.
RMS microinch value is defined as the root mean square (square root of the mean square)
of an infinite series of distances measured in miroinches from the hypothetical nominal or
mean surface line to the actual irregular surface contour. For all practical purposes, the RMS
microinch value is a weighted average unit of surface roughness that is affected to a greater
extent by the highest and lowest deviation from the nominal surface that is by the minor
deviation. AARH is calculated by obtaining the average roughness height of the irregular
surface.
Flow Nominal surface

(unspecified)
Normal section
Lay
Total profile
(includes error in
geometric form)
Waviness profile
(roughness, heights
attenuated)
Roughness profile
(waviness heights
attenuated)

11
Mean Roughness
Arithmetical mean deviation (Ra) is a statistical measure of the variance from an average
roughness profile values.
( ∑ y (x ) - y ) ∀ 𝑥𝑥 ∈ ℝ
n
1
Ra = ,
n i
i=1
Root-mean-square deviation (Rq) is a statistical measure of the roughness profile values of

a varying quantity.
(∑ )
n
1
Rq = (y (x i) - y)2 , ∀ 𝑥𝑥 ∈ ℝ
n
i=1
n = number of terms
y (x) = profile values at any given position (x)
1
y= ∑ y (x) = mean of the distribution (average)
n
Mean line
Rq Ra
0 X
Calculations for statistical parameters of profilometry data.

One microinch equals one millionth of an inch (0.000001”).
Material Considerations
A most important factor in selecting the proper gasket is selecting the suitable material that
will be compatible with the application service.
The optimum gasket material would have the following characteristics:
• It would have the chemical resistance of PTFE;
• The heat resistance of Flexible Graphite;
• The strength of steel;
• It requires a zero seating stress, such as with soft rubber; and,
• Be cost effective.
Obviously there is no known gasket material that has all these characteristics, and each
material has certain limitations that restrict its use. It is possible to overcome limitations
partially by several methods such as:
• Including the use of reinforcing inserts;
• Utilizing combination of materials;
• Varying the construction and/or density; and,
• Designing the joint itself to overcome some of the limitations.
Evidently, mechanical factors are important in the design of the joint but the primary selection
of a gasket material is influenced by different factors:
1. The temperature of the fluid or gas in the service

Gaskets are affected in two ways by temperature. Gross physical characteristics are
determined by temperature, including material state, oxidation point, and resilience.
Also the mechanical (creep or stress relaxation) and chemical properties are highly
temperature dependent.

2. The pressure of the fluid or gas in the service.
Internal pressure acts in two ways against a gasket. First, the hydrostatic end force,
equal to the pressure multiplied by the area of pressure boundary, tends to separate the
flanges. This force must be opposed by the flange clamp force. The difference between
the initial flange clamp force and the hydrostatic end force is residual flange load. The
residual load must be positive to prevent joint leakage. The magnitude of the residual
flange load required to prevent leakage is dependent upon the style of gasket selected
and its material of construction. Second, the internal pressure acts to blow out the gasket
across the gasket flange interface.
3. The corrosive characteristics of the fluid or gas to be contained
The gasket must be resistant to deterioration from corrosive attack. The severity of
attack and resulting corrosion is dependent upon temperature and time.
Blow-Out
Pressure
Bolt Load
Hydrostatic
End Force
Internal pressures
are exerted against both
the flange and the gasket
Gasket
4. Flange Compatibility
The gasket is intended to be the renewable component in the joint system therefore it
should be softer or more deformable than the mating surfaces. It must also be chemically
compatible. For metallic gaskets, this means consideration must be given to galvanic
corrosion. Galvanic effects can be minimized by selecting metals for the gasket and flange
which are close together in the galvanic series, or the gasket should be sacrificial (anodic)
to prevent damage to the flanges.
Summary
There are charts that are included in the appendix that shows the maximum temperature
limits for non-metal and metal materials. The ratings are based upon hot air constant
temperatures. The presence of contaminating fluids and cyclic conditions may drastically
affect the temperature range. Also, there are charts that indicate general recommendations
for non-metallic and metallic materials against various corrosive media. These charts are
general references, as there are many additional factors that can influence the corrosion
resistance of a particular material at operating conditions. Some of these factors include:
• Concentration of the corrosive agent (full strength solutions are not necessarily more
corrosive than those of dilute proportions and the opposite is also true);
• The purity of a corrosive agent. For example, dissolved oxygen in otherwise pure water
may cause rapid oxidation of steam generation equipment at high temperatures; and,
• The temperature of the corrosive agent. In general, higher temperatures of corrosive
agents will accelerate corrosive attack.
As a consequence, it is often necessary to “field-test” materials for resistance to corrosion
under normal operating conditions to determine if the material selected will have the
required resistance to corrosion.

13
Chapter 1
Gasket Selection
Section One: Non- Metallic Gaskets

A “Soft Gasket” material is a term used when referring to a gasket material that is easily
compressed under a low bolt load. This term has been used to distinguish the difference from
a metallic gasket. A soft gasket material can be selected from a large variety of elastomers,
compressed non-asbestos, PTFE, flexible graphite and high temperature sheet products. Soft
gaskets are used in a wide range of applications such as for pipe flanges, heat exchangers,
compressors and bonnet valves, to name just a few. Soft gasket material can be purchased in
a variety of cut shapes or be provided in sheet or rolls.
As part of Lamons strategy to offer customers a wider range of products, we are pleased to
supply the following soft gasket materials:
• Elastomeric and Fiber Sheet

• Compressed Non-Asbestos Sheet
• Virgin / Glass-Filled / Reprocessed
PTFE Sheet
• Biaxially Orientated (Filled) PTFE
Sheet
• Expanded PTFE Sheet
• PTFE Joint Sealant
• PTFE Envelope Gaskets
• Flexible Graphite Sheet
• Mica Sheet
• Ceramic Fiber
Elastomers
An Elastomer is a polymer with the physical property of elasticity. Elastomer is a term
derived from elastic polymer, which is often used interchangeably with the term rubber.
Each of the monomers which link to form the polymer is usually made of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen and/or silicon. Elastomers are usually thermosets requiring a curing process involving
heat and the addition of sulfur or other equivalent curatives. In addition, elastomers might
also be thermoplastic.
SBR (Styrene -Butadiene)

SBR is a synthetic rubber that has excellent abrasion resistance and has good resistance
to weak organic acids, alcohols, moderate chemicals and ketones. It is not good in ozone,
strong acids, fats, oils, greases and most hydrocarbons. Its temperature range would be from
approximately -65°F to 250°F (-54°C to 121°C).

15
CR-Chloroprene (Neoprene)
Chloroprene is a synthetic rubber that is suitable for use against moderate acids, alkalies
and salt solutions. It has good resistance to commercial oils and fuels. It is very poor against
strong oxidizing acids, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Its temperature range would
be from approximately -60°F to 250°F (-51°C to 121°C).
Buna-N/Rubber (Nitrile, NBR)

Buna-N is a synthetic rubber that has good resistance to oils and solvents, aromatic and
aliphatic hydrocarbons, petroleum oils and gasoline over a wide range of temperature. It
also has good resistance to caustics and salts but only fair acid resistance. It is poor in
strong oxidizing agents, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones and esters. It is suitable over a
temperature range of approximately -60°F to 250°F (-51°C to 121°C).
EPDM (E thylene Propylene)

This synthetic material has good resistance to strong acids, alkalies, salts and chlorine
solutions. It is not suitable for use in oils, solvents or aromatic hydrocarbons. Its temperature
range would be between -70°F to 350°F (-57°C to 177°C).
Fluorocarbon (Viton®)
Fluorocarbon elastomer has good resistance to oils, fuel, chlorinated solvents, aliphatic and
aromatic hydrocarbons and strong acids. It is not suitable for use against amines, esters,
ketones or steam. Its normal temperature range would be between -15°F to 450°F (-26°C
to 232°C).
Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (Hypalon®)

Hypalon® has good acid, alkali and salt resistance. It resists weathering, sunlight, ozone, oils
and commercial fuels such as diesel and kerosene. It is not good in aromatics or chlorinated
hydrocarbons and has poor resistance against chromic acid and nitric acid. It’s normal
temperature range would be between -50°F and 275°F (-46°C and 135°C).
Natural Rubber
Natural rubber has good resistance to mild acids and alkalis, salts and chlorine solutions. It
has poor resistance to oils and solvents and is not recommended for use with ozone. Its
temperature range is very limited and is suitable only for use from -70°F to 200°F (-57°C to
93°C).
Silicones
Silicone rubbers have good resistance to hot air. They are unaffected by sunlight and ozone.
They are not, however, suitable for use against steam, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.
The temperature range would be between -65°F to 500°F (-54°C to 260°C).
Vegetable Fiber Sheet

Vegetable fiber sheet is a tough pliable gasket material manufactured by paper making
techniques utilizing plant fibers and a glue-glycerine impregnation. It is widely used for sealing
petroleum products, gases and a wide variety of solvents. Its maximum temperature limit
is 250°F (121°C). If a more compressible material is required, a combination cork-fiber
sheet is available. The cork-fiber sheet has the same maximum temperature limitation as the
vegetable fiber sheet.
Note: Viton® and Hypalon® are registered trademarks of DuPont.

Compressed Non-Asbestos
Early efforts to replace asbestos resulted in the introduction and testing of
compressed non-asbestos products in the 1970’s. Many of these products
have seen extensive use since that period, however there have been enough
problems to warrant careful consideration in choosing a replacement
material for compressed asbestos. Most manufacturers of non-asbestos sheet
materials use synthetic fibers, like aramid or Kevlar®, in conjunction with an
elastomeric binder. The elastomeric binder makes up a larger percentage
of this sheet and thereby becomes a more important consideration when
determining applications.
L-441
A general service sheet gasket material with a wide range of application potential.
Manufactured with a formulation of high quality fillers, premium aramid fibers and nitrile
binder, L-441 is the workhorse of the Lamons gasket line.
Applications and Characteristics

• Excellent sealing ability
• Excellent chemical resistance
• Good creep relaxation minimization
• Great recovery
Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) 20%

Sealability ASTM F-37A (1/32”) 0.25 ml/hr.
Compressibility ASTM F-36J 7-17%
Recovery ASTM F-36J 50% min.
Tensile Strength ASTM F-152 (cross-grain) psi (MPa) Typical 2000 (14)
ASTM F-152 after immersion in ASTM
Change in Tensile 25% max. decrease
Oil #3 @ 5 hrs./300°F (149°C)
ASTM F-146 after immersion in Fuel B
Weight Increase 15% Maximum
@ 5 hrs./73°F (23°C)
Thickness Increase ASTM F-146 after immersion in fluid:
ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0- 5%
ASTM Oil 3, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0- 5%
ASTM Fuel A, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0- 5%
ASTM Fuel B, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0- 7%
Standard Line Callout ASTM F-104 F712121B3E22M5
Leachable Chlorides FSA Method (Typical) 100 ppm
Density 112 lbs/ft (1.8 g/cc)
3
Color Blue
Temperature Range -40°F to 400°F (-40°C to 204°C)
Note: Kelvar® is a registered trademark of DuPont.

17
L-430
A general purpose sheet gasket material with superior mechanical properties. Constructed
with premium aramid fiber and nitrile binder, L-430 is a general service sheet material with
compatibility to many services.
Applications and Characteristics:

• Used successfully in mild organic and inorganic acids
• Diluted alkalis
• General chemicals
• Synthetic oils
• Petroleum and petroleum derivatives
L-430
L-430
L-430
Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-43025%

Sealability ASTM F-37A (1/32”) 0.25 ml/hr. L-430
Recovery ASTM F-36J L-643050% min.
L-441
Change in Tensile L-430
35% max. decrease
Oil #3 @ 5 hrs./300°F (149°C)
@ 5 hrs./73°F (23°C)
ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%
ASTM Oil 3, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%
ASTM Fuel A, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-5%
ASTM Fuel B, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-7%
Standard Line Callout ASTM F-104 F712111E12M4
3
Color White/Green

L-450
A premium sheet material utilizing carbon fiber and graphite as reinforcing agents. L-450
is designed to perform in extreme temperatures and pressures. Standardization and
consolidation of many other gasket materials can be achieved by the use of L-450.

• Good anti-stick properties
• Good steam resistance, water, stronger acids and alkalis, inert gases, general chemicals,
oils and fuels, petroleum and petroleum derivatives.
L-450
L-450
L-450
Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-450 20%

L-450
L-6450
Change in Tensile ASTM F-152 after immersion in ASTM L-441
25% max. decrease
Oil #3 @ 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) L-450
Weight Increase ASTM F-146 after immersion in Fuel B
15% Maximum
@ 5 hrs./73°F (23°C)
ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%
ASTM Oil 3, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%
ASTM Fuel A, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-5%
ASTM Fuel B, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-7%
3
Color Black

19
L-443
A compressed gasket material with a reinforcement structure consisting of glass and aramid
fibers. Excellent resistance to steam can be realized due to the addition of glass fiber. A
premium nitrile binder is utilized to achieve resilience and additional chemical resistance.

• It can be applied to a variety of process media including steam, general chemicals,
petroleum and petroleum derivatives.
• It possesses excellent creep relaxation minimization and good mechanical properties.
L-443
L-443
L-443
Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) 20%

L-443
Compressibility ASTM F-36J 7-17% L-443
Tensile Strength ASTM F-152 (cross-grain) psi (MPa)
L-4 Typical 1500 (10)
43
Change in Tensile
Oil #3 @ 5 hrs./300°F (149°C)
25% max. decrease L-441
ASTM F-146 after immersion in Fuel B L-443
@ 5 hrs./73°F (23°C)
ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%

ASTM Oil 3, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%
ASTM Fuel A, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-5%
ASTM Fuel B, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-7%
3
Color White/Green

L- 540
A compressed sheet gasket material utilizing a neoprene binder. This material has an inherent
resistance to oil and petroleum based solvents.

• It is chemically stable and possesses good mechanical properties.
• It is an excellent choice for water, saturated steam refrigerants, oils and fuels.
L-540
L-540
L-540
Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-540 25%

Sealability ASTM F-37A (1/32”) 0.20 ml/hr. L-540
L-540
Tensile Strength ASTM F-152 (cross-grain) psi (MPa) Typical 1600 psi (11)
ASTM F-152 after immersion in ASTM L-441
Change in Tensile 50% Max. Decrease
oil #3 @ 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) L-540
@ 5 hrs./73°F (23°C)
ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-10%

ASTM Oil 3, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 15-25%
ASTM Fuel A, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-10%
ASTM Fuel B, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 10-20%
Standard Line Callout ASTM F-104 F712332BE4E45M5
3
Color Dark Gray


21
L- 640W
A premium compressed sheet gasket material comprised of an engineered blend of aramid
fiber, high quality fillers and SBR binder.

• Good anti-stick properties
• Good steam resistance, water, mild, acids and alkalis, inert gases.
L-640W
L-640W
L-640W
Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-640W

20%
Sealability ASTM F-37A (1/32”) 0.20 ml/hr. L-640W
Tensile Strength
L-6
ASTM F-152 (cross-grain) psi (MPa) 40WTypical 1600 (11)
ASTM F-152 after immersion in ASTM L-441
Change in Tensile 50% Max. Decrease
oil #3 @ 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) L-640W
@ 5 hrs./73°F (23°C)
ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-15%

ASTM Oil 3, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 20-35%
ASTM Fuel A, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 0-15%
ASTM Fuel B, 5 hrs./73°F (23°C) 15-25%
Density 112 lbs/ft (1.8g/cc)
3
Color White

Flexible Graphite
This is an all graphite material containing no resins or inorganic fillers. It is available with or
without a metal insertion, and in adhesive-back tape form. Flexible Graphite has outstanding
resistance to corrosion against a wide variety of acids, alkalies and salt solutions, organic
compounds, and heat transfer fluids, even at high temperatures. There are two proven metal
reinforced flexible graphite laminate materials ideal for 95% of all sheet gasket applications.
Lamons flexible graphite laminates (LG-SS and LG-TC) are surface branded for easy
identification. These gasket materials meet refinery, petrochemical and industrial service
requirements.
Lamons LG -SS
LG-SS is a flat metal 316/316L stainless steel reinforced
flexible graphite sheet material made with minimum 98%
typical carbon content.
Nominal Thickness 0.030”-0.120” (0.8 mm - 3 mm)

316/316L insert thickness 0.002” (0.05 mm)
Density 70 lb/ft3 (1.12 g/cc)
Ash content (Max) 2.0%
Total chlorine (Max) 50 ppm
Number of inserts One
Compressibility 30%-40%
Recovery 15%-20%
Creep relaxation <4%
Stability under stress (DIN 52913) 48 N/m2
ASME code factor “M value” 2
ASME code factor “Y value” 900 psi
Gas permeability according DIN 3535 (0.60”) <1.0 ml/min
Tp max at 15,000 psi gasket stress 3227 psi (22 MPa)
PVRC design constants*: Gb = 816 psi
a = 0.377 psi
Gs = 0.066 psi
Typical thicknesses 1/16” (1.5 mm)
1/8” (3 mm)
*The values are taken from BFG-6.1 and ROTT. Test results are subject to interpretation and
can lead to differing design constants.

23
Lamons LG -TC
LG-TC is a reinforced flexible graphite sheet mate-
rial laminated with tanged 316/316L stainless steel
insert and made with minimum 98% typical carbon
content.
Nominal Thickness 0.030”- 0.120” (0.8 mm - 3 mm)

316/316L insert thickness 0.004”/0.005” (0.1/0.127 mm)
Recovery 15%-20%
Tp max at 15,000 PSI gasket stress 2287 psi (16 MPa)
a = 0.324 psi
Gs = 0.010 psi
1/8” (3 mm)
*The values are taken from BFG-6.1 and ROTT. Test results are subject to interpretation and can lead
to differing design constants.

Lamons LG - L
LG-L homogeneous graphite sheets are
manufactured from high carbon content
of minimum 98% natural graphite.
Nominal Thickness 0.030”-0.120” (0.8 mm - 3 mm)

Recovery 15%-20%
Tp max at 15,000 PSI gasket stress 2287 psi (16 MPa)
a = 0.324 psi
Gs = 0.010 psi
1/8” (3 mm)
*The values are taken from BFG-6.1 and ROTT. Test results are subject to interpretation and can
lead to differing design constants.
Graphite Tape
Rolls of graphite tape can be furnished with a strong
self-adhesive backing strip, to facilitate repair of pre-
laminated surfaces, enhancement of existing design or
installation as a form-in-place gasket.

25
PTFE Products
PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) has emerged as
the most common thermoplastic gasket material.
PTFE’s outstanding properties include resistance
to temperature extremes from cryogenic to 450°F
(232°C) (for virgin material). PTFE is highly resistant
to chemicals, solvents, caustics and acids except free
fluorine and alkali metals. It has a very low surface
energy and does not adhere to the flanges. PTFE
gaskets can be supplied in a variety of forms; either
as virgin or reprocessed material, and also with a
variety of filler material. The principal advantage in
adding fillers to PTFE is to inhibit cold flow or creep
relaxation.
Virgin / Glass- Filled / Reprocessed PTFE Sheet

Typical Physical Properties
ASTM Typical Values Typical Values Typical Values
Property Units
Method (Virgin) (G-F) (Repro)
Specific Gravity g/cc D-792 2.14 - 2.20 2.15 - 2.24 2.13 - 2.20
Hardness Shore D D-2240 52 - 65 55 - 58 52 - 65
D-638 2800 min 1000 - 2000 1500 - 2400
Tensile Strength psi (MPa)
D-1708 (19.3 MPa) (7-14 MPa) (10 MPa - 17 MPa)
D638
Elongation % 270 min 50 - 150 75 - 200
D-1708
Deformation Under
Load % D-621 15 - 16 3-9 N/A
(73ºF, 2000 psi, 24 hrs.)
Coefficient of Linear
Thermal Expansion in/in/ºF D-696 4 - 9 x 10 -5 3 - 8 x 10-5 N/A
(78ºF - 400ºF)
Thermal BTU/hr/
C-177 1.7 2.5 - 3.5
Conductivity ft2/F-in
Dielectric Strength volts/mil D-149a 300 min N/A 500 - 1000
Cryogenic to 450°F Cryogenic to 450°F Cryogenic to 450°F
Temperature Range ºF (°C)
(232°C) (232°C) (232°C)

Biaxially Orientated PTFE Sheet
Lamons offers biaxially orientated PTFE sheet gasket material that is specifically designed for
the chemical industry. The sheet size available is normally 60”x 60” (1524 mm x 1524 mm) in
1/32” (0.8 mm), 1/16” (1.5 mm) & 1/8” (3 mm) thickness, but it is also available in 70” x 70”
(1778 mm x 1778 mm), plus other variations of thickness. The material is manufactured to
ensure the properties are the same in all directions, therefore reducing creep, which is often
found in other types of PTFE gasket materials.
This material is available in various grades:
A biaxially orientated silica-filled PTFE sheet for use in sealing most chemicals except
molten alkali metals, fluorine gas, and hydrogen fluoride. This material is approved
for potable water service, complies with requirements of FDA regulations and can
be used at all concentrations of sulfuric acid.
A biaxially orientated sheet material containing PTFE and hollow glass microspheres
for use in sealing most chemicals except molten alkali metals, fluorine gas and
hydrogen fluoride. This material is approved for potable water service, complies with
requirements of FDA regulations and has exceptional compression characteristics
making it good for use in glass lined flanges or where loading problems exist.
A pigment-free biaxially orientated, barium sulfate-filled PTFE sheet for use in sealing
food, pharmaceuticals, and other general chemical media. This material complies with
requirements of FDA regulations and is acceptable for use in aqueous hydrofluoric
acid below 49%, but is not suitable for sealing molten alkali metals or fluorine gas.

Hollow Glass
Style Units Silica Filler Barium Sulfate
Microspheres
Color Pink Blue Off White
Thickness in (mm) 1/16” (1.6) 1/8” (3.175) 1/16” (1.6) 1/8” (3.175) 1/16” (1.6) 1/8” (3.175)
lbs/ft3
Density 13.7 (2.2) 13.7 (2.2) 87 (1.4) 87 (1.4) 18 (2.9) 18 (2.9)
(g/cc)
ASTM
% 7 7 35 30 8 7
Compressibility
ASTM Recovery % 44 45 44 43 43 45
ASTM Tensile psi 2320 2175 2030 1450 2175 2465
Strength (MPa) (16) (15) (14) (10) (15) (17)
DIN Residual psi 4351 2900 4351 3770 4061 2755
Stress @ 175ºC (MPa) (30) (20) (30) (26) (28) (19)
DIN Gas
mL/min <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
Permeability
ASTM Liquid
Leakage; Fuel A mL/hr 4 3 0.65 0.75 3 3
50psi
ASTM Creep
% 35 53 31 47 33 51
Relaxation
MAX Temp ºF (ºC) 500 (260) 500 (260) 500 (260)
MAX Pressure psi/MPa 1235/ 8.5 1235/ 8.5 1235/ 8.5

27
Expanded PTFE Sheet
Expanded PTFE effectively fills flange imperfections for a tight, leak-free seal. It is easily
compressed under lower loads, beneficial for applications such as FRP or glass-lined flanges.
Unlike conventional PTFE, which is prone to creep and cold flow, expanded PTFE has good
creep resistance and bolt torque retention properties even under higher compressive force.
With expanded PTFE, it is much more possible to bolt up once and not have to retorque
later. Most commonly FDA/USDA suitable.

Property ASTM Method Typical Values
Compressibility F-36 68%
Recovery F-36 12%
0.00 ml (Fuel A) /
Sealability F-37-B
0.02 hr (Nitrogen)
32% @ 212ºF (100ºC)/
Creep Relaxation F-38
16% @73ºF (23ºC)
Temperature Limit Cryogenic to 450ºF (232ºC)
Full vacuum to
Pressure Limit
3000 psi (20 MPa)
PTFE Joint Sealant

100% pure, specially processed PTFE sealant provides soft, highly compressible gasketing
on a roll for long-life, trouble-free sealing that cuts maintenance and storing costs. Under
pressure, PTFE sealant provides a very thin and wide ribbon-like joint sealant so that the
smallest possible gasket surface area is exposed to the harmful effects of corrosive media.
PTFE Envelope Gaskets

Envelope gaskets utilizing PTFE jackets have become popular for use in severely corrosive
services because of their low minimum seating stresses, excellent creep resistance, high
deformability and choice of a variety of filler materials to assure optimum performance on
any specific application. Fillers such as corrugated metal and rubber sheets are available.
There are three basic designs of envelopes:
1. Slit Type / V Type / Style 800: sliced from cylinders and

split from the outside diameter to within approximately
1/16” (1.5 mm) of the inside diameter. The bearing
surface is determined by the filler dimensions. Clearance is required between the ID
of the filler and the envelope ID. The gasket OD normally rests within the bolt hole
circle and the ID is approximately equal to the nominal ID of pipe. Available in sizes to
a maximum OD of 24.
2. Milled Type / Square Cut / Style 820: machined from

cylinder stock. The jacket is machined from the OD to
within approximately 1/32” (0.8 mm) it’s ID. The jacket’s
ID fits flush with pipe bore and its OD nests within the
bolts. Available in sizes up to a maximum OD of 24” (609 mm). Milled envelopes are
more expensive than slit type since considerably more material is lost in machining.
3. Formed Tape Type: large diameter (over 12 NPS) and

irregularly shaped envelopes are formed from tape and
heat sealed to produce a continuous jacket construction.

High Temperature Sheet Products
MICA
Mica sheet is a readily-processible form comprised of a high
percentage of mineral held together with small amount of silicon
binder. Its lamellar and non-fibrous structure, together with the
low ratio of binder allows for a significant reduction of weight loss
at elevated temperatures, and especially when compared to other
high temperature compositions. It resists a wide array of chemicals
and is unaffected by water, acids, bases, solvents and mineral oils.

Property Method Typical Values
Density IEC 371-2 118 lbs/ft3 (1.9 g/cc)
Tensile Strength DIN 52910 2,900 psi (20 MPa)
Compressibility ASTM F36-J 25%
Recovery ASTM F36-J 35%
Ignition Loss @ 800ºC DIN 52911 <5%
Approx. 20 kV/mm
Dielectric Strength IEC 243 - 23ºC
(508 V/mil)
Creep Strength Approx. 5801 psi
DIN 52913
50MPa, 300ºC (40 MPa)
Creep Strength
DIN 52913 5800 (40 MPa)
7252psi, 572ºF
MAX Temperature N/A 1832 (1000)
MAX Pressure N/A 72.5 psi (5 bar)
Mica sheet is used in automobile exhaust manifolds, gas turbines, gas and oil burners, heat
exchangers and other bolted flanged connections.
Note on High Temperature Gaskets: Lamons also utilizes mica in conjunction

with oxidation resistant grade flexible graphite as a filler material for spiral wound gaskets,
and as a facing material for kammprofiled and corrugated gaskets in the semi-metallic section.
While the HTG configuration is not quite as high in temperature rating as mica sheet, it
offers the sealing ability for pressure rating found in a semi-metallic gasket design
Ceramic Fiber
Ceramic fiber is available in sheet or blanket form and makes an excellent gasket material
for hot air duct work with low pressures and light flanges. It is satisfactory for service up to
approximately 2000ºF (1093ºC). Ceramic material is also used as a filler material in spiral-
wound gaskets.

29
Non - Metallic Gasket Dimensions for Pipe Flanges
Soft material gaskets are dimensionally sized per ASME B16.21 for use with ASME B16.5
flanges. Non-metallic gaskets are used in Raised Face (RF), Flat Face (FF), Welding Neck
(WN), and Slip On (SO) flanges. Typically, the outside diameter dimension is the bolt circle
diameter minus one bolt diameter unless a full face gasket is requested.
ASME B16.21 Gasket Tolerances:

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) 12 and smaller Outside Diameter (OD): +0.0”, -1/16” (+0.0, -1.5 mm)
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) 14 and Larger Outside Diameter (OD): +0.0”, -1/8” (+0.0, -3.0 mm)
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) 12 and smaller Inside Diameter (ID): ± 1/16” (±1.5 mm)
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) 14 and Larger Inside Diameter (ID): ± 1/8” (±3.0 mm)
Bolt Circle Diameter: ± 1/16” (±1.5 mm)
Center to center of adjacent bolt holes: ±1/32” (±1.0 mm)
Dimensions for Ring Gaskets per ASME B16.21

to Suit ASME B16.5 Flanges
Class 150
Nominal Inside Diameter Outside Diameter
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
(NPS) Inches mm Inches mm
1/2 0.84 21 1.88 48
3/4 1.06 27 2.25 57
1 1.31 33 2.62 67
1 1/4 1.66 42 3.00 76
1 1/2 1.91 49 3.38 86
2 2.38 60 4.12 105
2 1/2 2.88 73 4.88 124
3 3.50 89 5.38 137
3 1/2 4.00 102 6.38 162
4 4.50 114 6.88 175
5 5.56 141 7.75 197
6 6.62 168 8.75 222
8 8.62 219 11.00 279
10 10.75 273 13.38 340
12 12.75 324 16.13 410
14 14.00 356 17.75 451
16 16.00 406 20.25 514
18 18.00 457 21.62 549
20 20.00 508 23.88 607
24 24.00 610 28.25 718

Class 300
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
1/2 0.84 21 2.12 54
3/4 1.06 27 2.62 67
1 1.31 33 2.88 73
1 1/4 1.66 42 3.25 83
1 1/2 1.91 49 3.75 95
2 2.38 60 4.38 111
2 1/2 2.88 73 5.12 130
3 3.50 89 5.88 149
3 1/2 4.00 102 6.50 165
4 4.50 114 7.12 181
5 5.56 141 8.50 216
6 6.62 168 9.88 251
8 8.62 219 12.12 308
10 10.75 273 14.25 362
12 12.75 324 16.62 422
14 14.00 356 19.12 486
16 16.00 406 21.25 540
18 18.00 457 23.50 597
20 20.00 508 25.75 654
24 24.00 610 30.50 775
Class 400
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
1/2 0.84 21 2.12 54
3/4 1.06 27 2.62 67
1 1.31 33 2.88 73
1 1/4 1.66 42 3.25 83
1 1/2 1.91 49 3.75 95
2 2.38 60 4.38 111
2 1/2 2.88 73 5.12 130
3 3.50 89 5.88 149
3 1/2 4.00 102 6.38 162
4 4.50 114 7.00 178
5 5.56 141 8.38 213
6 6.62 168 9.75 248
8 8.62 219 12.00 305
10 10.75 273 14.12 359
12 12.75 324 16.50 419
14 14.00 356 19.00 483
16 16.00 406 21.12 536
18 18.00 457 23.38 594
20 20.00 508 25.50 648
24 24.00 610 30.25 768

31
Class 600
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
1/2 0.84 21 2.12 54
3/4 1.06 27 2.62 67
1 1.31 33 2.88 73
1 1/4 1.66 42 3.25 83
1 1/2 1.91 49 3.75 95
2 2.38 60 4.38 111
2 1/2 2.88 73 5.12 130
3 3.50 89 5.88 149
3 1/2 4.00 102 6.38 162
4 4.50 114 7.62 194
5 5.56 141 9.50 241
6 6.62 168 10.50 267
8 8.62 219 12.62 321
10 10.75 273 15.75 400
12 12.75 324 18.00 457
14 14.00 356 19.38 492
16 16.00 406 22.25 565
18 18.00 457 24.12 613
20 20.00 508 26.88 683
24 24.00 610 31.12 791
Class 900
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
1/2 0.84 21 2.50 64
3/4 1.06 27 2.75 70
1 1.31 33 3.12 79
1 1/4 1.66 42 3.50 89
1 1/2 1.91 49 3.88 99
2 2.38 60 5.62 143
2 1/2 2.88 73 6.50 165
3 3.50 89 6.62 168
3 1/2 - - - -
4 4.50 114 8.12 206
5 5.56 141 9.75 248
6 6.62 168 11.38 289
8 8.62 219 14.12 359
10 10.75 273 17.12 435
12 12.75 324 19.62 498
14 14.00 356 20.50 521
16 16.00 406 22.62 575
18 18.00 457 25.12 638
20 20.00 508 27.50 699
24 24.00 610 33.00 838

Dimensions for Full Face Gaskets
Class 150
Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Bolt Circle Diameter
Nominal Bolt Hole
(ID) (OD) # of Bolt (BCD)
Pipe Size Diameter
Holes
(NPS) Inches mm Inches mm (Inches) Inches mm
1/2 0.84 21 3.50 89 4 0.62 2.38 60.3

3/4 1.06 27 3.88 99 4 0.62 2.75 69.9
1 1.31 33 4.25 108 4 0.62 3.12 79.4
1 1/4 1.66 42 4.63 118 4 0.62 3.50 88.9
1 1/2 1.91 49 5.00 127 4 0.62 3.88 98.4
2 2.38 60 6.00 152 4 0.75 4.75 120.7
2 1/2 2.88 73 7.00 178 4 0.75 5.50 139.7
3 3.50 89 7.50 191 4 0.75 6.00 152.4
3 1/2 4.00 102 8.50 216 8 0.75 7.00 177.8
4 4.50 114 9.00 229 8 0.75 7.50 190.5
5 5.56 141 10.00 254 8 0.88 8.50 215.9
6 6.62 168 11.00 279 8 0.88 9.50 241.3
8 8.62 219 13.50 343 8 0.88 11.75 298.5
10 10.75 273 16.00 406 12 1.00 14.25 362.0
12 12.75 324 19.00 483 12 1.00 17.00 431.8
14 14.00 356 21.00 533 12 1.12 18.75 476.3
16 16.00 406 23.50 597 16 1.12 21.25 539.8
18 18.00 457 25.00 635 16 1.25 22.75 577.9
20 20.00 508 27.50 699 20 1.25 25.00 635.0
24 24.00 610 32.00 813 20 1.38 29.50 749.3
Class 300
Inside Diameter Bolt Circle Diameter
Nominal Outside Diameter (OD) Bolt Hole
(ID) # of Bolt (BCD)
Pipe Size Diameter
Holes
1/2 0.84 21 3.75 95 4 0.63 2.63 66.8

3/4 1.06 27 4.62 117 4 0.75 3.25 82.6
1 1.31 33 4.88 124 4 0.75 3.50 88.9
1 1/4 1.66 42 5.25 133 4 0.75 3.88 98.4
1 1/2 1.91 49 6.12 155 4 0.88 4.50 114.3
2 2.38 60 6.50 165 8 0.75 5.00 127.0
2 1/2 2.88 73 7.50 191 8 0.88 5.88 149.2
3 3.50 89 8.25 210 8 0.88 6.63 168.3
3 1/2 4.00 102 9.00 229 8 0.88 7.25 184.2
4 4.50 114 10.00 254 8 0.88 7.88 200.0
5 5.56 141 11.00 279 8 0.88 9.25 235.0
6 6.62 168 12.50 318 12 0.88 10.63 269.9
8 8.62 219 15.00 381 12 1.00 13.00 330.2
10 10.75 273 17.50 445 16 1.13 15.25 387.4
12 12.75 324 20.50 521 16 1.25 17.75 450.9
14 14.00 356 23.00 584 20 1.25 20.25 514.4
16 16.00 406 25.50 648 20 1.38 22.50 571.5
18 18.00 457 28.00 711 24 1.38 24.75 628.7
20 20.00 508 30.50 775 24 1.38 27.00 685.8
24 24.00 610 36.00 914 24 1.63 32.00 812.8

33
Class 400
Nominal Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Bolt Hole Bolt Circle Diameter
# of Bolt
Pipe Size (ID) (OD) Diameter (BCD)
Holes
1/2 0.84 21 3.75 95 4 0.63 2.62 66.5
3/4 1.06 27 4.63 117 4 0.75 3.25 82.6
1 1.31 33 4.88 124 4 0.75 3.50 88.9
1 1/4 1.66 42 5.25 133 4 0.75 3.88 98.4
1 1/2 1.91 49 6.13 156 4 0.88 4.50 114.3
2 2.38 60 6.50 165 8 0.75 5.00 127.0
2 1/2 2.88 73 7.50 191 8 0.88 5.88 149.2
3 3.50 89 8.25 210 8 0.88 6.63 168.3
3 1/2 4.00 102 9.00 229 8 1.00 7.25 184.2
4 4.50 114 10.00 254 8 1.00 7.88 200.0
5 5.56 141 11.00 279 8 1.00 9.25 235.0
6 6.62 168 12.50 318 12 1.00 10.63 269.9
8 8.62 219 15.00 381 12 1.13 13.00 330.2
10 10.75 273 17.50 445 16 1.25 15.25 387.4
12 12.75 324 20.50 521 16 1.38 17.75 450.9
14 14.00 356 23.00 584 20 1.38 20.25 514.4
16 16.00 406 25.50 648 20 1.50 22.50 571.5
18 18.00 457 28.00 711 24 1.50 24.75 628.7
20 20.00 508 30.50 775 24 1.63 27.00 685.8
24 24.00 610 36.00 914 24 1.88 32.00 812.8
Class 600
# of Bolt
Holes
1/2 0.84 21 3.75 95 4 0.63 2.63 66.8
3/4 1.06 27 4.63 117 4 0.75 3.25 82.6
1 1.31 33 4.88 124 4 0.75 3.50 88.9
1 1/4 1.66 42 5.25 133 4 0.75 3.88 98.4
1 1/2 1.91 49 6.13 156 4 0.88 4.50 114.3
2 2.38 60 6.50 165 8 0.75 5.00 127.0
2 1/2 2.88 73 7.50 191 8 0.88 5.88 149.2
3 3.50 89 8.25 210 8 0.88 6.63 168.3
3 1/2 4.00 102 9.00 229 8 1.00 7.25 184.2
4 4.50 114 10.75 273 8 1.00 8.50 215.9
5 5.56 141 13.00 330 8 1.13 10.50 266.7
6 6.62 168 14.00 356 12 1.13 11.50 292.1
8 8.62 219 16.50 419 12 1.25 13.75 349.3
10 10.75 273 20.00 508 16 1.38 17.00 431.8
12 12.75 324 22.00 559 20 1.38 19.25 489.0
14 14.00 356 23.75 603 20 1.50 20.75 527.1
16 16.00 406 27.00 686 20 1.63 23.75 603.3
18 18.00 457 29.25 743 20 1.75 25.75 654.1
20 20.00 508 32.00 813 24 1.75 28.50 723.9
24 24.00 610 37.00 940 24 2.00 33.00 838.2

Class 900
# of Bolt
Holes
1/2 0.84 21 4.75 121 4 0.88 3.25 82.6
3/4 1.06 27 5.13 130 4 0.88 3.50 88.9
1 1.31 33 5.88 149 4 1.00 4.00 101.6
1 1/4 1.66 42 6.25 159 4 1.00 4.38 111.3
1 1/2 1.91 49 7.00 178 4 1.13 4.88 124.0
2 2.38 60 8.50 216 8 1.00 6.50 165.1
2 1/2 2.88 73 9.63 245 8 1.13 7.50 190.5
3 3.50 89 9.50 241 8 1.00 7.50 190.5
3 1/2 4.00 102 11.50 292 0.0
4 4.50 114 11.50 292 8 1.25 9.25 235.0
5 5.56 141 13.75 349 8 1.38 11.00 279.4
6 6.62 168 15.00 381 12 1.25 12.50 317.5
8 8.62 219 18.50 470 12 1.50 15.50 393.7
10 10.75 273 21.50 546 16 1.50 18.50 469.9
12 12.75 324 24.00 610 20 1.50 21.00 533.4
14 14.00 356 25.25 641 20 1.63 22.00 558.8
16 16.00 406 27.75 705 20 1.75 24.25 616.0
18 18.00 457 31.00 787 20 2.00 27.00 685.8
20 20.00 508 33.75 857 20 2.13 29.50 749.3
24 24.00 610 41.00 1041 20 2.63 35.50 901.7

35
to Suit ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges
Class 150

Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
(NPS)
Inches mm Inches mm
26 26.00 660 30.50 775
28 28.00 711 32.75 832
30 30.00 762 34.75 883
32 32.00 813 37.00 940
34 34.00 864 39.00 991
36 36.00 914 41.25 1048
38 38.00 965 43.75 1111
40 40.00 1016 45.75 1162
42 42.00 1067 48.00 1219
44 44.00 1118 50.25 1276
46 46.00 1168 52.25 1327
48 48.00 1219 54.50 1384
50 50.00 1270 56.50 1435
52 52.00 1321 58.75 1492
54 54.00 1372 61.00 1549
56 56.00 1422 63.25 1607
58 58.00 1473 65.50 1664
60 60.00 1524 67.50 1715
Class 300

Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
(NPS)
Inches mm Inches mm
26 26.00 660 32.88 835
28 28.00 711 35.38 899
30 30.00 762 37.50 953
32 32.00 813 39.62 1006
34 34.00 864 41.62 1057
36 36.00 914 44.00 1118
38 38.00 965 41.50 1054
40 40.00 1016 43.88 1115
42 42.00 1067 45.88 1165
44 44.00 1118 48.00 1219
46 46.00 1168 50.12 1273
48 48.00 1219 52.12 1324
50 50.00 1270 54.25 1378
52 52.00 1321 56.25 1429
54 54.00 1372 58.75 1492
56 56.00 1422 60.75 1543
58 58.00 1473 62.75 1594
60 60.00 1524 64.75 1645

to Suit ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges
Class 400
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
26 26.00 660 32.75 832
28 28.00 711 35.12 892
30 30.00 762 37.25 946
32 32.00 813 39.50 1003
34 34.00 864 41.50 1054
36 36.00 914 44.00 1118
38 38.00 965 42.25 1073
40 40.00 1016 44.38 1127
42 42.00 1067 46.38 1178
44 44.00 1118 48.50 1232
46 46.00 1168 50.75 1289
48 48.00 1219 53.00 1346
50 50.00 1270 55.25 1403
52 52.00 1321 57.26 1454
54 54.00 1372 59.75 1518
56 56.00 1422 61.75 1568
58 58.00 1473 63.75 1619
60 60.00 1524 66.25 1683
Class 600
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
26 26.00 660 34.12 867
28 28.00 711 36.00 914
30 30.00 762 38.25 972
32 32.00 813 40.25 1022
34 34.00 864 42.25 1073
36 36.00 914 44.50 1130
38 38.00 965 43.50 1105
40 40.00 1016 45.50 1156
42 42.00 1067 48.00 1219
44 44.00 1118 50.00 1270
46 46.00 1168 52.26 1327
48 48.00 1219 54.75 1391
50 50.00 1270 57.00 1448
52 52.00 1321 59.00 1499
54 54.00 1372 61.25 1556
56 56.00 1422 63.50 1613
58 58.00 1473 65.50 1664
60 60.00 1524 67.75 1721

37
Dimensions for Full Face Gaskets to Suit
ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges
Class 150
Nominal Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Bolt Circle Diameter
# of Bolt Bolt Hole
Pipe Size (ID) (OD) (BCD)
Holes Diameter
(NPS) Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
26 26.00 660 34.25 870 24 1.38 31.75 806.5
28 28.00 711 36.50 927 28 1.38 34.00 863.6
30 30.00 762 38.75 984 28 1.38 36.00 914.4
32 32.00 813 41.75 1060 28 1.63 38.50 977.9
34 34.00 864 43.75 1111 32 1.63 40.50 1028.7
36 36.00 914 46.00 1168 32 1.63 42.75 1085.9
38 38.00 965 48.75 1238 32 1.63 45.25 1149.4
40 40.00 1016 50.75 1289 36 1.63 47.25 1200.2
42 42.00 1067 53.00 1346 36 1.63 49.50 1257.3
44 44.00 1118 55.25 1403 40 1.63 51.75 1314.5
46 46.00 1168 57.25 1454 40 1.63 53.75 1365.3
48 48.00 1219 59.50 1511 44 1.63 56.00 1422.4
50 50.00 1270 61.75 1568 44 1.88 58.25 1479.6
52 52.00 1321 64.00 1626 44 1.88 60.50 1536.7
54 54.00 1372 66.25 1683 44 1.88 62.75 1593.9
56 56.00 1422 68.75 1746 48 1.88 65.00 1651.0
58 58.00 1473 71.00 1803 48 1.88 67.25 1708.2
60 60.00 1524 73.00 1854 52 1.88 69.25 1759.0
Class 300
# of Bolt Bolt Hole
Holes Diameter
26 26.00 662 38.25 972 28 1.75 34.50 876.3
28 28.00 713 40.75 1035 28 1.75 37.00 939.8
30 30.00 764 43.00 1092 28 1.88 39.25 997.0
32 32.00 815 45.25 1149 28 2.00 41.50 1054.1
34 34.00 866 47.50 1207 28 2.00 43.50 1104.9
36 36.00 917 50.00 1270 32 2.13 46.00 1168.4
38 38.00 968 46.00 1168 32 1.63 43.00 1092.2
40 40.00 1019 48.75 1238 32 1.75 45.50 1155.7
42 42.00 1070 50.75 1289 32 1.75 47.50 1206.5
44 44.00 1121 53.25 1353 32 1.88 49.75 1263.7
46 46.00 1172 55.75 1416 28 2.00 52.00 1320.8
48 48.00 1223 57.75 1467 32 2.00 54.00 1371.6
50 50.00 1274 60.25 1530 32 2.13 56.25 1428.8
52 52.00 1324 62.25 1581 32 2.13 58.25 1479.6
54 54.00 1375 65.25 1657 28 2.38 61.00 1549.4
56 56.00 1426 67.25 1708 28 2.38 63.00 1600.2
58 58.00 1477 69.25 1759 32 2.38 65.00 1651.0
60 60.00 1528 71.25 1810 32 2.38 67.00 1701.8

to Suit ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges
Class 150
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
26 26.00 660 28.56 725
28 28.00 711 30.56 776
30 30.00 762 32.56 827
32 32.00 813 34.69 881
34 34.00 864 36.81 935
36 36.00 914 38.88 988
38 38.00 965 41.12 1044
40 40.00 1016 43.12 1095
42 42.00 1067 45.12 1146
44 44.00 1118 47.12 1197
46 46.00 1168 49.44 1256
48 48.00 1219 51.44 1307
50 50.00 1270 53.44 1357
52 52.00 1321 55.44 1408
54 54.00 1372 57.62 1464
56 56.00 1422 59.62 1514
58 58.00 1473 62.19 1580
60 60.00 1524 64.19 1630
Class 300
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
26 26.00 660 30.38 772
28 28.00 711 32.50 826
30 30.00 762 34.88 886
32 32.00 813 37.00 940
34 34.00 864 39.12 994
36 36.00 914 41.25 1048
38 38.00 965 43.25 1099
40 40.00 1016 45.25 1149
42 42.00 1067 47.25 1200
44 44.00 1118 49.25 1251
46 46.00 1168 51.88 1318
48 48.00 1219 53.88 1369
50 50.00 1270 55.88 1419
52 52.00 1321 57.88 1470
54 54.00 1372 60.25 1530
56 56.00 1422 62.75 1594
58 58.00 1473 65.19 1656
60 60.00 1524 67.12 1705

39
Dimensions for Flat Ring Gaskets per ASME B16.21
to Suit ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges
Class 400
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
26 26.00 660 29.38 746
28 28.00 711 31.50 800
30 30.00 762 33.75 857
32 32.00 813 35.88 911
34 34.00 864 37.88 962
36 36.00 914 40.25 1022
Class 600
Pipe Size (ID) (OD)
26 26.00 660 30.12 765
28 28.00 711 32.25 819
30 30.00 762 34.62 879
32 32.00 813 36.75 933
34 34.00 864 39.25 997
36 36.00 914 41.25 1048

Dimensions for Full Face Gaskets to Suit
ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges
Class 150
# of Bolt Bolt Hole
Holes Diameter
26 26.00 660 30.94 786 36 0.88 29.31 744.5
28 28.00 711 32.94 837 40 0.88 31.31 795.3
30 30.00 762 34.94 887 44 0.88 33.31 846.1
32 32.00 813 37.06 941 48 0.88 35.44 900.2
34 34.00 864 39.56 1005 40 1.00 37.69 957.3
36 36.00 914 41.63 1057 44 1.00 39.75 1009.7
38 38.00 965 44.25 1124 40 1.13 42.13 1070.1
40 40.00 1016 46.25 1175 44 1.13 44.13 1120.9
42 42.00 1067 48.25 1226 48 1.13 46.13 1171.7
44 44.00 1118 50.25 1276 52 1.13 48.13 1222.5
46 46.00 1168 52.81 1341 40 1.25 50.56 1284.2
48 48.00 1219 54.81 1392 44 1.25 52.56 1335.0
50 50.00 1270 56.81 1443 48 1.25 54.56 1385.8
52 52.00 1321 58.81 1494 52 1.25 56.56 1436.6
54 54.00 1372 61.00 1549 56 1.25 58.75 1492.3
56 56.00 1422 63.00 1600 60 1.25 60.75 1543.1
58 58.00 1473 65.94 1675 48 1.38 63.44 1611.4
60 60.00 1524 67.94 1726 52 1.38 65.44 1662.2
Class 300
# of Bolt Bolt Hole
Holes Diameter
26 26.00 660 34.13 867 32 1.38 31.63 803.4
28 28.00 711 36.25 921 36 1.38 33.75 857.3
30 30.00 762 39.00 991 36 1.50 36.25 920.8
32 32.00 813 41.50 1054 32 1.63 38.50 977.9
34 34.00 864 43.63 1108 36 1.63 40.63 1032.0
36 36.00 914 46.13 1172 32 1.75 42.88 1089.2
38 38.00 965 48.13 1223 36 1.75 44.88 1140.0
40 40.00 1016 50.13 1273 40 1.75 46.88 1190.8
42 42.00 1067 52.50 1334 36 1.88 49.00 1244.6
44 44.00 1118 54.50 1384 40 1.88 51.00 1295.4
46 46.00 1168 57.50 1461 36 2.00 53.75 1365.3
48 48.00 1219 59.50 1511 40 2.00 55.75 1416.1
50 50.00 1270 61.50 1562 44 2.00 57.75 1466.9
52 52.00 1321 63.50 1613 48 2.00 59.75 1517.7
54 54.00 1372 65.88 1673 48 2.00 62.13 1578.1
56 56.00 1422 69.50 1765 36 2.38 65.00 1651.0
58 58.00 1473 71.94 1827 40 2.38 67.44 1713.0
60 60.00 1524 73.94 1878 40 2.38 69.44 1763.8

41
Section Two: Semi-Metallic Gaskets
Semi-Metallic gaskets are designed to feature soft, pliable sealing materials - which enhance
the tightness of the assembly with lower overall load requirements when compared to full
metallic gaskets. They are most popular due to this configuration, and are available in a wide
variety of styles and sizes. They can typically be fabricated of any metal which is available in
thin strip or sheet, and which can be welded. Therefore, they can be used against virtually
any corrosive medium dependent upon the choice of the metal and filler/facing material.
Additionally, they can be used over the complete temperature range from cryogenic to
approximately 2000ºF (1093ºC). Semi-metallic gaskets can generally be used in pressures
ranging from vacuum to those seen in ASME B16.5 standard 2500 pressure class flange ratings.
They are resilient and, as a consequence, can compensate somewhat for flange movement
that may occur due to temperature gradients, variations of pressure and vibration.
Lamons offers the following filler / facing materials for semi-metallic gaskets:
Temperature Range
PTFE Cryogenic to 450°F (232ºC)
Flexible Graphite Cryogenic to 850°F (454ºC)
Oxidation Resistant Grade Flexible Graphite Cryogenic to 975°F (524ºC)
HTG (High Temperature Gasket) Cryogenic to 1500°F (816ºC)
Mica Cryogenic to 1832°F (1000ºC)
Ceramic Cryogenic to 2000°F (1093ºC)

Lamons SpiraSeal ®
Product Family
Spiral wound gaskets have become extremely
popular due to the wide variety of available styles
and sizes. Spiral wound gaskets can be fabricated of
any metal which is available in thin strip and which
can be welded; therefore, they can be used against
virtually any corrosive medium dependent upon the
choice of the metal and filler. They can be used over
the complete temperature range from cryogenic to
approximately 2000ºF (1093ºC). This type of gasket
can be used in all pressures from vacuum to the
standard 2500 pressure class flange ratings. Spiral
wound gaskets can also be manufactured with variable
densities, i.e. relatively low density gaskets for vacuum
service up to extremely high density gaskets having a
seating stress of approximately 30,000 psi (207 MPa).
The softer gaskets would require a seating stress in
the range of 5,000 psi (34 MPa).
Variable Density
Spiral wound gaskets are manufactured by alternately winding strips of metal and soft fillers
on the outer edge of winding mandrels that determine the inside dimensions of the wound
component. In the winding process, the alternating plies are maintained under pressure.
Varying the pressure during the winding operation and/or the thickness of the soft filler, the
density of the gasket can be controlled over a wide range. As a general rule, low winding
pressure and thick soft fillers are used for low pressure applications. Thin fillers and high
pressure loads are used for high pressure applications. This, of course, would account for
the higher bolt loads that have to be applied to the gasket in high pressure applications. In
addition to all these advantages of the spiral wound gasket, they are relatively low cost.
Available sizes and Thicknesses

Lamons spiral wound gaskets are available in thicknesses of 0.0625” (1.5 mm), 0.100” (2.5
mm), 0.125” (3 mm), 0.175” (4 mm), 0.250” (6.4 mm), and 0.285” (7 mm). The chart on page
47 indicates the size range that can normally be fabricated in the various thicknesses along
with the recommended compressed thickness of each and the maximum flange width.
Flange Surface Finish

Use of spiral wound gaskets gives the designer and the user a wider tolerance for flange
surface finishes than other metallic gaskets. While they can be used against most commercially
available flange surface finishes, experience has indicated that the appropriate flange surface
finishes used with spiral wound gaskets are as follows:
• 125 to 250 AARH optimum
• 500 AARH maximum

43
Available SpiraSeal Styles ®
Lamons spiral wound gaskets are available in a variety of styles to suit the particular flange
facing being utilized on the flanges.
Lamons Style W
Style W gaskets are SpiraSeal® windings only. No inner or outer ring is
utilized. Used in a variety of different applications, they may be furnished in
many different sizes and thicknesses.
Style W gaskets are made in standard sizes to fit:
A. Large tongue and groove joints, 1/2 to 24 NPS, standard pressures;
B. Small tongue and groove joints, 1/2 to 24 NPS, standard pressures; and,
C. Large male and female joints 1/4 to 24 NPS, standard pressures,
Lamons Style WR
Style WR gaskets consist of a spiral wound sealing
component with a solid metal outer guide ring. The outer
guide ring serves to center the gasket properly in the flange
joint, acts as an anti-blowout device, provides radial support for the spiral wound component,
and acts as a compression gauge to prevent the spiral wound component from being over
crushed. Normally the outer guide rings are furnished in mild steel, but can be supplied in
other metals when required by operating conditions.
Lamons Style WRI

Style WRI is identical to style WR, with the addition
of an inner ring. The inner ring also serves several
functions. Primarily, it provides radial support for
the gasket on the ID to help prevent the occurrences of buckling or imploding. The inner
ring also serves as an additional compression limiter. Its ID is normally sized slightly larger
than the ID of the flange bore, minimizing turbulence in process flow. The inner rings are
normally supplied in the same material as the spiral wound component. Lamons normally
manufactures standard Style WR and WRI spiral wound gaskets to ASME B16.20, designed
to suit ASME B16.5 and ASME B16.47 flanges.
Lamons Style WRI-LC

Style WRI-LC gaskets provide a seal at relatively lower
seating stress. This means that our design requires less
bolt load to seat, yet still has the recovery like a standard
spiral wound. The WRI-LC gasket is typical to Class 150 and 300 flanges, where users have a
concern with insufficient potential of pre-load. But, the density of the WRI-LC gasket can be
varied to meet virtually any requirement. Electronic controls on Lamons’ SpiraSeal machines
assure high quality precision welding with equal spacing, the correct number of metal plies
on the gasket inside periphery, proper ratio of metal to filler, proper number of metal plies
on the outside and spot welds on the OD.

Lamons Style WRI-HTG
Style WRI-HTG gaskets combine the corrosion and
oxidation resistance of mica with the “sealability” of
flexible graphite. The mica material, in conjunction with
the metal spirals serves as a barrier between oxidizing process conditions and/or external
air and the graphite. While Inconel® X-750 is commonly selected as the winding metal, any
alloy can be selected. The overall effective rating of the HTG configuration can be utilized in
temperatures of up to 1500°F (815°C). Higher temperatures can be realized given further
consultation with Lamons Engineering Department.
Lamons Style WRI-LP

Designed for highly corrosive environments, Style
WRI-LP is a Spiral wound gasket with a conventional
outer guide ring and a “Kammpro” style LP1 inner
ring. This dual sealing design engages the raised face completely from the OD to the bore.
The winding can be constructed with the required metal and soft filler specified by the user.
The “Kammpro” inner ring metal can be ordered in any alloy, such as Monel®, or in carbon
steel. A carbon steel inner ring can be given a protective PTFE coating for increased chemical
resistance. The Kammpro inner ring is faced typically with either 0.020” (0.5 mm) thick EPTFE
or graphite. The WRI-LP has seen wide-spread approvals for Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) service,
although this design has much further potential. Its main advantages are: no metal contact with
the media; chemical resistance; fire safe design; sizing to meet ASME B16.5; available in large
diameter and for special flanges.
Lamons Inhibitor
Lamons Inhibitor gasket provides corrosion resistance
in the most extreme conditions. It combines a HTG
filler configuration with highest purity graphite, and a
Kammpro inner ring laminated with soft PTFE material. The design of the Inhibitor gasket
utilizes the Kammpro inner ring to provide the primary sealing interface. The inner ring
material and its covering layer are inert in terms of corrosion through contact with dissimilar
materials. This fire safe design incorporates the sealing integrity of highest purity graphite
in conjunction with mica on the ID and OD, preventing the entrance of further corrosive
conditions to the media.
Lamons Style WR-AB

Inward buckling of spiral wound gaskets is sometimes
a concern in industry today. Work is ongoing through
various industry committees to improve the standard in
this regard. Some end users do not want to use inner rings
due to cost or bore intrusion - to address this stance,
Lamons offers Style WR-AB. By creating a space for
expansion between the OD of the winding and the outer
ring, the buckling along the inside could be reduced. This
feature, combined with a reinforced inside circumference,
help to further reduce the likelihood of inward buckling
after installation.

45
Lamons Style WRI-HF
This gasket was developed for Hydrofluoric (HF) acid
applications. It consists of a Monel® and PTFE winding
with a carbon steel centering ring and a PTFE inner
ring. The carbon steel outer ring can be coated with special HF acid detecting paint if desired.
The PTFE inner ring reduces corrosion to the flanges between the bore of the pipe and the
ID of the spiral wound sealing element.
Lamons Style WRI-RJ

The style WRI-RJ gasket is identical to a Style WRI
in construction features but is specially sized to be
used as a replacement gasket for flanges machined to
accept oval or octagonal ring joint gaskets. The sealing component is located between the ID
of the groove machined in the flange and the flange bore. These are intended to be used as
replacement parts and are considered a maintenance item. In new construction, where spiral
wound gaskets are intended to be used, raised face flanges should be utilized.
Lamons Style MW, MWC & MWI

These gaskets are available in round, obround, and oval MW MWC
shapes and are used for standard manhole cover plates.
When spiral wound manhole gaskets with a straight
side are required, it is necessary that some curvature
be allowable, given to the fact that spiral wound MWI
gaskets are wrapped under tension and therefore tend
to buckle inward when the gaskets are removed from
the winding mandrel. As a rule of thumb, the ratio of
the long ID to the short ID should not exceed three
to one.
Lamons Style H
Style H gaskets are for use on boiler hand hole and tubecap assemblies.
They are available in round, square, rectangular, diamond, obround, oval
and pear shapes. Lamons has tooling available for manufacturing most of the
standard handhold and tubecap sizes of the various boiler manufacturers.
However, these are also available in special sizes and shapes. (To order
special gaskets, dimensional drawings or sample cover plates should be
provided in order to assure proper fit.)

WP
Lamons Style WP & WRP
These gaskets are similar to Style W and Style WR, with
the addition of pass partitions for use with shell and tube
heat exchangers. Partitions are normally supplied as double-
jacketed construction, made of the same material as the WRP
spiral wound component. The partition strips can be soft
soldered, tack welded or silver soldered to the spiral wound
component. The double-jacketed partition strips are normally
slightly thinner than the spiral wound component in order to
minimize the bolt loading required to properly seat the gasket.
Lamons Style L
The spiral wound components of Style L are identical to those
of Style W and in addition have a wire loop welded to the outer
periphery of the gasket, sized so as to fit over diametrically opposite
bolts, for proper centering of the spiral wound component on the
gasket seating surface. Whenever possible, it is recommended that a Style WR gasket be
used in lieu of a Style L gasket because of the obvious advantages of the outer solid metal
guide ring. The Style L is considerably more difficult to produce than the Style WR and
therefore more expensive.
Spiral Wound Gasket Dimensions for Pipe Flanges

Spiral wound gaskets must be sized to ensure the winding component is seated properly
between flat surfaces. If it protrudes beyond a raised face or into a flange bore, mechanical
damage and leakage may occur.
Style W typically is applied in confined groove type flanges, and it is sized by the following
formulas:
Gasket is confined on the Inside Diameter (ID) and Outside Diameter (OD):
Gasket Inside Diameter (ID) = Groove Inside Diameter (ID) + 1/16” (1.5 mm)
Gasket Outside Diameter (OD) = Groove Outside Diameter (OD) – 1/16” (1.5 mm)
Gasket is confined on the Outside Diameter (OD):

Gasket Inside Diameter (ID) = Bore + Minimum 1/4” (6.4 mm)
Gasket Outside Diameter (OD) = Recess Outside Diameter (OD) - 1/16” (1.5 mm)
Limitations of Size & Thickness

Limitation of Size & Thickness
Maximum Inside Maximum Flange Recommended Compressed

Gasket Thickness
Diameter (ID)* Width* Thickness
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm

0.063 1.59 9 229 0.375 9.53 0.050/0.055 1.27/1.39
0.100 2.54 12 305 0.500 12.70 0.075/0.080 1.91/2.03
0.125 3.18 40 1016 0.750 19.05 0.090/0.100 2.29/2.54
0.175 4.45 75 1905 1.000 25.40 0.125/0.135 3.18/3.43
0.250 6.35 160 4064 1.250 31.75 0.180/0.200 4.57/5.08
0.285 7.24 160 4064 1.250 31.75 0.200/0.220 5.08/5.59
*These limitations are intended as a general guide only. Materials of construction and flange width of
gasket can affect the limitations listed.

47
Dimensions for Style W to Suit Large Male and Female Joints
WINDING INSIDE DIAMETER (ID)
WINDING OUTSIDE DIAMETER (OD)
Pressure Class
Nominal
150, 300, 400, 600 900, 1500
Pipe Size
Inside Diameter (ID) Outside Diameter (OD) Inside Diameter (ID) Outside Diameter (OD)
(NPS)
1/4 0.50 12.7 1.00 25.4 - - - -
1/2 1.00 25.4 1.38 34.9 1.00 25.4 1.38 34.9
3/4 1.31 33.3 1.69 42.9 1.31 33.3 1.69 42.9
1 1.50 38.1 2.00 50.8 1.50 38.1 2.00 50.8
1 1/4 1.88 47.6 2.50 63.5 1.88 47.6 2.50 63.5
1 1/2 2.13 54.0 2.88 73.0 2.13 54.0 2.88 73.0
2 2.88 73.0 3.63 92.1 2.88 73.0 3.63 92.1
2 1/2 3.38 85.7 4.13 104.8 3.38 85.7 4.13 104.8
3 4.25 108.0 5.00 127.0 4.25 108.0 5.00 127.0
3 1/2 4.75 120.7 5.50 139.7 4.75 120.7 5.50 139.7
4 5.19 131.8 6.19 157.2 5.19 131.8 6.19 157.2
4 1/2 5.69 144.5 6.75 171.5 - - - -
5 6.31 160.3 7.31 185.7 6.31 160.3 7.31 185.7
6 7.50 190.5 8.50 215.9 7.50 190.5 8.50 215.9
8 9.38 238.1 10.63 269.9 9.38 238.1 10.63 269.9
10 11.25 285.8 12.75 323.9 11.25 285.8 12.75 323.9
12 13.50 342.9 15.00 381.0 13.50 342.9 15.00 381.0
14 14.75 374.7 16.25 412.8 14.75 374.7 16.25 412.8
16 17.00 431.8 18.50 469.9 17.00 431.8 18.50 469.9
18 19.25 489.0 21.00 533.4 19.25 489.0 21.00 533.4
20 21.00 533.4 23.00 584.2 21.00 533.4 23.00 584.2
24 25.25 641.4 27.25 692.2 25.25 641.4 27.25 692.2
Pressure Class
Nominal
2500
Pipe Size
Inside Diameter (ID) Outside Diameter (OD)
(NPS)
Inches mm Inches mm
1/4 - - - -
1/2 0.81 20.6 1.38 34.9
3/4 1.06 27.0 1.69 42.9
1 1.25 31.8 2.00 50.8
1 1/4 1.63 41.3 2.50 63.5
1 1/2 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0
2 2.38 60.3 3.63 92.1
2 1/2 3.00 76.2 4.13 104.8
3 3.75 95.3 5.00 127.0
3 1/2 - - - -
4 4.75 120.7 6.19 157.2
4 1/2 - - - -
5 5.75 146.1 7.31 185.7
6 6.75 171.5 8.50 215.9
8 8.75 222.3 10.63 269.9
10 10.75 273.1 12.75 323.9
12 13.00 330.2 15.00 381.0

Dimensions for Style W
For Large Tounge and For Small Tounge and

Groove Joints Groove Joints
Pressure Class Pressure Class
Nominal 150-2500* Nominal 150-2500*
Pipe Size Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Pipe Size Inside Diameter Outside Diameter
(NPS) (ID) (OD) (NPS) (ID) (OD)
1/2 1.00 25.4 1.38 34.9 1/2 1.00 25.4 1.38 34.9
3/4 1.31 33.3 1.69 42.9 3/4 1.31 33.3 1.69 42.9
1 1.50 38.1 2.00 50.8 1 1.50 38.1 1.88 47.6
1 1/4 1.88 47.6 2.50 63.5 1 1/4 1.88 47.6 2.25 57.2
1 1/2 2.13 54.0 2.88 73.0 1 1/2 2.13 54.0 2.50 63.5
2 2.88 73.0 3.63 92.1 2 2.88 73.0 3.25 82.6
2 1/2 3.38 85.7 4.13 104.8 2 1/2 3.38 85.7 3.75 95.3
3 4.25 108.0 5.00 127.0 3 4.25 108.0 4.63 117.5
3 1/2 4.75 120.7 5.50 139.7 3 1/2 4.75 120.7 5.13 130.2
4 5.19 131.8 6.19 157.2 4 5.19 131.8 5.69 144.5
5 6.31 160.3 7.31 185.7 5 6.31 160.3 6.81 173.0
6 7.50 190.5 8.50 215.9 6 7.50 190.5 8.00 203.2
8 9.38 238.1 10.63 269.9 8 9.38 238.1 10.00 254.0
10 11.25 285.8 12.75 323.9 10 11.25 285.8 12.00 304.8
12 13.50 342.9 15.00 381.0 12 13.50 342.9 14.25 362.0
14 14.75 374.7 16.25 412.8 14 14.75 374.7 15.50 393.7
16 16.75 425.5 18.50 469.9 16 16.75 425.5 17.63 447.7
18 19.25 489.0 21.00 533.4 18 19.25 489.0 20.13 511.2
20 21.00 533.4 23.00 584.2 20 21.00 533.4 22.00 558.8
24 25.25 641.4 27.25 692.2 24 25.25 641.4 26.25 666.8
* 2500# only thru 12" NPS * 2500# only thru 12" NPS
Style W Gasket Tolerances:

Gasket Diameter (Inches) Inside Diameter (ID) Outside Diameter (OD)
Up to 1" (+3/64", - 0.00") (+0.00", - 1/32")
1" to 24" (+1/32", - 0.00") (+0.00", - 1/32")
24" to 36" (+3/64", - 0.00") (+0.00", - 1/16")
36" to 60" (+1/16", - 0.00") (+0.00", - 1/16")
60" and above (+3/32", - 0.00") (+0.00", - 3/32")
Gasket Diameter (mm) Inside Diameter (ID) Outside Diameter (OD)

Up to 25.4 mm (+1.2 mm, - 0.00 mm) (+0.00 mm, - 0.8 mm)
25.4 mm to 610 mm (+0.8 mm, - 0.00 mm) (+0.00 mm, - 0.8 mm)
610 mm to 914 mm (+1.2 mm, - 0.00 mm) (+0.00 mm, - 1.6 mm)
914 mm to 1524 mm (+1.6 mm, - 0.00 mm) (+0.00 mm, - 1.6 mm)
1524 mm and above (+2.4 mm, - 0.00 mm) (+0.00 mm, - 2.4 mm)
Thickness +0.015” - 0.00” (+0.381 mm, - 0.00 mm) on special gaskets with:
a. Less than 1” (25.4 mm) ID greater that 26” (660.4 mm) ID.
b. PTFE fillers
c. 1” (25.4 mm) or larger flange width.
Thickness + 0.010 - 0.000” (+0.254 mm, - 0.00 mm) for most other sizes and materials.

49
Dimensions for Style WRI per ASME B16.20
INNER RING INSIDE DIAMETER (ID)

GUIDE RING OUTSIDE DIAMETER (OD)
Class 150
Nominal Pipe Nom
Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside Siz
Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)

1/4* - - 0.50 12.7 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 2.25 57.2
1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 2.63 66.7
1 1/4 1.50 38.1 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.00 76.2
1 1/2 1.75 44.5 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.38 85.7
2 2.19 55.6 2.75 69.9 3.38 85.7 4.13 104.8
2 1/2 2.62 66.5 3.25 82.6 3.88 98.4 4.88 123.8
3 3.19 81.0 4.00 101.6 4.75 120.7 5.38 136.5
3 1/2* 3.50 88.9 4.50 114.3 5.25 133.4 6.38 161.9
4 4.19 106.4 5.00 127.0 5.88 149.2 6.88 174.6
5 5.19 131.8 6.13 155.6 7.00 177.8 7.75 196.9
6 6.19 157.2 7.19 182.6 8.25 209.6 8.75 222.3
8 8.50 215.9 9.19 233.4 10.38 263.5 11.00 279.4
1
10 10.56 268.2 11.31 287.3 12.50 317.5 13.38 339.7
1
12 12.50 317.5 13.38 339.7 14.75 374.7 16.13 409.6
1
14 13.75 349.3 14.63 371.5 16.00 406.4 17.75 450.9
1
16 15.75 400.1 16.63 422.3 18.25 463.6 20.25 514.4
1
18 17.69 449.3 18.69 474.7 20.75 527.1 21.63 549.3
2
20 19.69 500.1 20.69 525.5 22.75 577.9 23.88 606.4
2
24 23.75 603.3 24.75 628.7 27.00 685.8 28.25 717.6
*Not Listed in ASME B16.20
Nom
Siz
Double Color Coding for SpiraSeal Gaskets per ASME B16.20 ®
Metallic Windings Non-Metallic Fillers

304 SS Yellow lncoloy White PTFE White Stripe
316L SS Green Titanium Purple Ceramic Light Green Stripe
317L SS Maroon Alloy 20 Black Flexible Graphite Gray Stripe
347 SS Blue Carbon Steel Silver Phyllosilicate (HTG) Light Blue Stripe
321 SS Turquoise Hastelloy “B” Brown
Monel Orange Hastelloy “C” Beige
Inconel Gold Phos. Bronze Copper 1

1
Nickel Red
1
1
1
2
2
*Not L

Class 300
Nominal Pipe Nominal Pipe
Outside Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside Size (NPS)
(OD)
mm 1/4*
1/4* - - 0.50 12.7 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
44.5 1/2
1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 2.13 54.0
47.6 3/4
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 2.63 66.7
57.2 1
1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0
66.7 1 1/4
1 1/4 1.50 38.1 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.25 82.6
76.2 1 1/2
1 1/2 1.75 44.5 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.75 95.3
85.7 2
2 2.19 55.6 2.75 69.9 3.38 85.7 4.38 111.1
104.8 2 1/2
2 1/2 2.62 66.5 3.25 82.6 3.88 98.4 5.13 130.2
123.8 3
3 3.19 81.0 4.00 101.6 4.75 120.7 5.88 149.2
136.5 3 1/2
3 1/2* 3.50 88.9 4.50 114.3 5.25 133.4 6.50 165.1
161.9 4
4 4.19 106.4 5.00 127.0 5.88 149.2 7.13 181.0
174.6 5
5 5.19 131.8 6.13 155.6 7.00 177.8 8.50 215.9
196.9 6
6 6.19 157.2 7.19 182.6 8.25 209.6 9.88 250.8
222.3 8
8 8.50 215.9 9.19 233.4 10.38 263.5 12.13 308.0
279.4 10
10 10.56 268.2 11.31 287.3 12.50 317.5 14.25 362.0
339.7 12
12 12.50 317.5 13.38 339.7 14.75 374.7 16.63 422.3
409.6 14
14 13.75 349.3 14.63 371.5 16.00 406.4 19.13 485.8
450.9 16
16 15.75 400.1 16.63 422.3 18.25 463.6 21.25 539.8
514.4 18
18 17.69 449.3 18.69 474.7 20.75 527.1 23.50 596.9
549.3 20
20 19.69 500.1 20.69 525.5 22.75 577.9 25.75 654.1
606.4 24
24 23.75 603.3 24.75 628.7 27.00 685.8 30.50 774.7
717.6
Class 400 Nominal Pipe
Nominal Pipe
Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside Size (NPS)
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm 1/4*
1/4* - - 0.50 12.7 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5 1/2
1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 2.13 54.0 3/4
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 2.63 66.7 1
1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0 1 1/4
1 1/4 1.50 38.1 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.25 82.6 1 1/2
1 1/2 1.75 44.5 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.75 95.3 2
2 2.19 55.6 2.75 69.9 3.38 85.7 4.38 111.1 2 1/2
2 1/2 2.62 66.5 3.25 82.6 3.88 98.4 5.13 130.2 3
3 3.19 81.0 4.00 101.6 4.75 120.7 5.88 149.2 3 1/2*
3 1/2* 3.50 88.9 4.13 104.8 5.25 133.4 6.38 161.9 4
4 4.04 102.6 4.75 120.7 5.88 149.2 7.00 177.8 5
5 5.05 128.3 5.81 147.6 7.00 177.8 8.38 212.7 6
6 6.10 154.9 6.88 174.6 8.25 209.6 9.75 247.7 8
8 8.10 205.7 8.88 225.4 10.38 263.5 12.00 304.8 10
10 10.05 255.3 10.81 274.6 12.50 317.5 14.13 358.8 12
12 12.10 307.3 12.88 327.0 14.75 374.7 16.50 419.1 14
14 13.50 342.9 14.25 362.0 16.00 406.4 19.00 482.6 16
16 15.35 389.9 16.25 412.8 18.25 463.6 21.13 536.6 18
18 17.25 438.2 18.50 469.9 20.75 527.1 23.38 593.7 20
20 19.25 489.0 20.50 520.7 22.75 577.9 25.50 647.7 24
24 23.25 590.6 24.75 628.7 27.00 685.8 30.25 768.4 *Not Listed in ASME B
*Not Listed in ASME B16.20

51

Class 600 Nomin

Nominal Pipe
de Ring Outside Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside
Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD) Size (
ameter (OD)
hes mm 1
1/4* - - 0.50 12.7 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
75 44.5 1
1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 2.13 54.0
13 54.0 3
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 2.63 66.7
63 66.7 1
1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0
88 73.0 1 1
1 1/4 1.50 38.1 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.25 82.6
25 82.6 1 1
1 1/2 1.75 44.5 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.75 95.3
75 95.3 2
2 2.19 55.6 2.75 69.9 3.38 85.7 4.38 111.1
38 111.1 2 1
2 1/2 2.62 66.5 3.25 82.6 3.88 98.4 5.13 130.2
13 130.2 3
3 3.19 81.0 4.00 101.6 4.75 120.7 5.88 149.2
88 149.2 3 1
3 1/2 3.50 88.9 4.13 104.8 5.25 133.4 6.38 161.9
50 165.1 4
4 4.04 102.6 4.75 120.7 5.88 149.2 7.63 193.7
13 181.0 5
5 5.05 128.3 5.81 147.6 7.00 177.8 9.50 241.3
50 215.9 6
6 6.10 154.9 6.88 174.6 8.25 209.6 10.50 266.7
88 250.8 8
8 8.10 205.7 8.88 225.4 10.38 263.5 12.63 320.7
13 308.0 10
10 10.05 255.3 10.81 274.6 12.50 317.5 15.75 400.1
25 362.0 12
12 12.10 307.3 12.88 327.0 14.75 374.7 18.00 457.2
63 422.3 14
14 13.50 342.9 14.25 362.0 16.00 406.4 19.38 492.1
13 485.8 16
16 15.35 389.9 16.25 412.8 18.25 463.6 22.25 565.2
25 539.8 18
18 17.25 438.2 18.50 469.9 20.75 527.1 24.13 612.8
50 596.9 20
20 19.25 489.0 20.50 520.7 22.75 577.9 26.88 682.6
75 654.1 24
24 23.25 590.6 24.75 628.7 27.00 685.8 31.13 790.6
50 774.7
Nominal Pipe Class 900 Nomin

Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside
de Ring Outside Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD) Size (
ameter (OD) Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
hes mm 1/4* - - - - - - - - 1
75 44.5 1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 2.50 63.5 1
13 54.0 3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 2.75 69.9 3
63 66.7 1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 3.13 79.4 1
88 73.0 1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.56 39.7 2.38 60.3 3.50 88.9 1 1
25 82.6 1 1/2 1.63 41.4 1.88 47.6 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4 1 1
75 95.3 2 2.06 52.3 2.31 58.7 3.38 85.7 5.63 142.9 2
38 111.1 2 1/2 2.50 63.5 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4 6.50 165.1 2 1
13 130.2 3 3.10 78.7 3.75 95.3 4.75 120.7 6.63 168.3 3
88 149.2 3 1/2* 3.50 88.9 4.13 104.8 5.25 133.4 7.50 190.5 3 1
38 161.9 4 4.04 102.6 4.75 120.7 5.88 149.2 8.13 206.4 4
00 177.8 5 5.05 128.3 5.81 147.6 7.00 177.8 9.75 247.7 5
38 212.7 6 6.10 154.9 6.88 174.6 8.25 209.6 11.38 288.9 6
75 247.7 8 7.75 196.9 8.75 222.3 10.13 257.2 14.13 358.8 8
00 304.8 10 9.69 246.1 10.88 276.2 12.25 311.2 17.13 435.0 10
13 358.8 12 11.50 292.1 12.75 323.9 14.50 368.3 19.63 498.5 12
50 419.1 14 12.63 320.8 14.00 355.6 15.75 400.1 20.50 520.7 *Not Liste
00 482.6 16 14.75 374.7 16.25 412.8 18.00 457.2 22.63 574.7
13 536.6 18 16.75 425.5 18.25 463.6 20.50 520.7 25.13 638.2
38 593.7 20 19.00 482.6 20.50 520.7 22.50 571.5 27.50 698.5
50 647.7 24 23.25** 590.6 24.75 628.7 26.75 679.5 33.00 838.2
25 768.4 *Not Listed in ASME B16.20 ** Inner rings are required


Nominal Pipe Class 1500

utside Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside
OD) Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
44.5 1/4* - - - - - - - -
54.0 1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 2.50 63.5
66.7 3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 2.75 69.9
73.0 1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 3.13 79.4
82.6 1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.56 39.7 2.38 60.3 3.50 88.9
95.3 1 1/2 1.63 41.4 1.88 47.6 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4
11.1 2 2.06 52.3 2.31 58.7 3.38 85.7 5.63 142.9
30.2 2 1/2 2.50 63.5 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4 6.50 165.1
49.2 3 3.10 78.7 3.63 92.1 4.75 120.7 6.88 174.6
61.9 3 1/2* 3.50 88.9 4.13 104.8 5.25 133.4 7.38 187.3
93.7 4 3.85 97.8 4.63 117.5 5.88 149.2 8.25 209.6
41.3 5 4.90 124.5 5.63 142.9 7.00 177.8 10.00 254.0
66.7 6 5.80 147.3 6.75 171.5 8.25 209.6 11.13 282.6
20.7 8 7.75 196.9 8.50 215.9 10.13 257.2 13.88 352.4
00.1 10 9.69 246.1 10.50 266.7 12.25 311.2 17.13 435.0
57.2 12 11.50** 292.1** 12.75 323.9 14.50 368.3 20.50 520.7
92.1 14 12.63** 320.8** 14.25 362.0 15.75 400.1 22.75 577.9
65.2 16 14.50** 368.3** 16.00 406.4 18.00 457.2 25.25 641.4
12.8 18 16.75** 425.5** 18.25 463.6 20.50 520.7 27.75 704.9
82.6 20 18.75** 476.3** 20.25 514.4 22.50 571.5 29.75 755.7
90.6 24 22.75** 577.9** 24.25 616.0 26.75 679.5 35.50 901.7
Nominal Pipe Class 2500

utside Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside
OD) Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
- 1/4* - - - - - - - -
63.5 1/2 0.56 14.2 0.75 19.1 1.25 31.8 2.75 69.9
69.9 3/4 0.81 20.6 1.00 25.4 1.56 39.7 3.00 76.2
79.4 1 1.06 26.9 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6 3.38 85.7
88.9 1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.56 39.7 2.38 60.3 4.13 104.8
98.4 1 1/2 1.63 41.4 1.88 47.6 2.75 69.9 4.63 117.5
42.9 2 2.06 52.3 2.31 58.7 3.38 85.7 5.75 146.1
65.1 2 1/2 2.50 63.5 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4 6.63 168.3
68.3 3 3.10 78.7 3.63 92.1 4.75 120.7 7.75 196.9
90.5 3 1/2* 3.50 88.9 - - - - - -
06.4 4 3.85** 97.8** 4.63 117.5 5.88 149.2 9.25 235.0
47.7 5 4.90** 124.5** 5.63 142.9 7.00 177.8 11.00 279.4
88.9 6 5.80** 147.3** 6.75 171.5 8.25 209.6 12.50 317.5
58.8 8 7.75** 196.9** 8.50 215.9 10.13 257.2 15.25 387.4
35.0 10 9.69** 246.1** 10.63 269.9 12.25 311.2 18.75 476.3
498.5 12 11.50** 292.1** 12.50 317.5 14.50 368.3 21.63 549.3
520.7 *Not Listed in ASME B16.20 ** Inner rings are required
74.7
638.2
698.5
838.2

53
Spiral-Wound WR/WRI Tolerances
per ASME B16.20 Specifications
• The winding thickness: ±0.005” (0.13 mm) measured across the metallic portion
of the winding not including the filler.
• The winding outside diameter
o NPS ½ through NPS 8 is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
o NPS 10 through NPS 24 is +1/16”, - 1/32” (+1.5 mm, -0.8 mm)
• The winding inside diameter
o NPS ½ through NPS 8 is ±1/64” (±0.4 mm )
o NPS 10 through NPS 24 is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
• The guide ring outside diameter: ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
• The guide ring and inner thickness shall be from 0.117”
(2.97 mm) to 0.131” (3.33 mm)
• The inner ring inside diameter:
o NPS ½ through 3 is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
o NPS 4 through 24 is ±1/16” (±1.5 mm)
Table for Minimum Pipe Wall Thickness that is Suitable

for use with Standard Inner Rings per the ASME B16.20
Nominal Pressure Class
Pipe Size
150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500
(NPS)
1/2
3/4 Schedul e 80
1
1 1/4
1 1/2
2
2 1/2
3 Schedul e 40
3 1/2*
4
5
6
8 Schedul e 80
10
12
14
Schedul e 10S Schedul e 30
16 Schedul e 80
18
20
24
General Notes per ASME B16.20:

• The pipe wall schedules identified represent the minimum pipe wall thickness suitable for use with inner rings
for ASME B16.5 flanges (reference ASME B 36.10M and B36.19M).
• Gasket with inner rings should be used only with socket welding, lapped, welding neck, and integral flanges.
* Not Listed in ASME B16.20

Table for Limitations on the Maximum ASME B16.5 Flange Bore
for use with Standard ASME B16.20 Spiral Wound Gaskets
Nominal Pressure Class
Pipe Size
(NPS) 150 300 400 600 900 (1) 1500 (1) 2500 (1)
1/2
3/4 WN Flange only (2) WN Flange only
1 No Flanges No Flanges
1 1/4 SO Flange (3) Use 600 SO Flange (3) Use 1500 WN flange only (2)
1 1/2 WN Flange (2) WN Flange (2)
2 SO Flange (3) SO and WN
2 1/2 WN Flange, any bore Flange
3 any bore
WN flange with SW bore
4
WN Flange with Schedule (include nozzle (4)
5
0S bore described in but excludes SO flange)
6
ASME B36.19M
8
(Includes nozzle (4)
10 SO and WN Flange any bore but excludes SO Flanges)
12
WN flange with schedule
14
WN Flange with Schedule 10S 80 bore (excludes nozzle
16 (4) and SO flange) (5)
bore described in ASME
18 No Flanges
B36.19M (Excludes nozzle (4)
20
and SO Flanges) (5)
24
Abbreviations:
SO = slip on and threaded
WN = welding neck
SW = standard wall
Notes per the ASME B16.20 specification:
1. Inner rings are required for class 900 NPS 24, class 1500 NPS 12 through 24, and class 2500 NPS 4 through NPS 12 per the ASME B16.20. These
inner rings may extend into the pipe bore a maximum of 1/16” (1.5 mm) under the worst combination of maximum bore, eccentric installation,
and additive tolerances.
2. In these sizes, the gasket is suitable for a welding neck flange with a standard wall bore, if the gasket and the flanges are assembled concentrically.
This also applies to a nozzle. It is the user’s responsibility to determine if the gasket is satisfactory for a flange or any larger bore.
3. Gaskets in theses sizes are suitable for slip on flanges only if the gaskets and flanges are assembled concentrically
4. A nozzle is a long welding neck; the bore equals the flange NPS
5. A NPS 24 gasket is suitable for nozzles.

55
Dimensions for Style WR/WRI to Suit AWWA C207
Class E Slip-On and Welding Neck Flanges

Class 125
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)

22 22.00 558.8 22.75 577.9 24.00 609.6 26.00 660.4
26 26.00 660.4 26.50 673.1 27.75 704.9 30.50 774.7
28 28.00 711.2 28.50 723.9 27.75 704.9 32.75 831.9
30 30.00 762.0 30.50 774.7 31.75 806.5 34.75 882.7
32 32.00 812.8 32.50 825.5 33.88 860.4 37.00 939.8
34 34.00 863.6 34.50 876.3 35.88 911.2 39.00 990.6
36 36.00 914.4 36.50 927.1 38.13 968.4 41.25 1047.8
38 38.00 965.2 38.50 977.9 40.13 1019.2 43.75 1111.3
40 40.00 1016.0 40.50 1028.7 42.13 1070.0 45.75 1162.1
42 42.00 1066.8 42.50 1079.5 44.25 1124.0 48.00 1219.2
44 44.00 1117.6 44.50 1130.3 46.38 1177.9 50.25 1276.4
46 46.00 1168.4 46.50 1181.1 48.38 1228.7 52.25 1327.2
48 48.00 1219.2 48.50 1231.9 50.38 1279.5 54.50 1384.3
50 50.00 1270.0 50.50 1282.7 52.50 1333.5 56.50 1435.1
52 52.00 1320.8 52.50 1333.5 54.50 1384.3 58.75 1492.3
54 54.00 1371.6 54.50 1384.3 56.50 1435.1 61.00 1549.4
60 60.00 1524.0 60.50 1536.7 62.50 1587.5 67.50 1714.5
Class 175
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
26 26.00 660.4 26.50 673.1 27.75 704.9 29.13 739.8
28 28.00 711.2 28.50 723.9 29.75 755.7 31.13 790.6
30 30.00 762.0 30.50 774.7 31.75 806.5 33.38 847.7
32 32.00 812.8 32.50 825.5 33.75 857.3 35.38 898.5
34 34.00 863.6 34.50 876.3 35.88 911.2 37.50 952.5
36 36.00 914.4 36.50 927.1 37.88 962.0 39.50 1003.3
38 38.00 965.2 38.50 977.9 39.88 1012.8 41.50 1054.1
40 40.00 1016.0 40.50 1028.7 42.00 1066.8 43.50 1104.9
42 42.00 1066.8 42.50 1079.5 44.00 1117.6 45.88 1165.2
44 44.00 1117.6 44.50 1130.3 46.00 1168.4 47.88 1216.0
46 46.00 1168.4 46.50 1181.1 48.00 1219.2 49.88 1266.8
48 48.00 1219.2 48.50 1231.9 50.13 1273.2 51.88 1317.6
50 50.00 1270.0 50.50 1282.7 52.25 1327.2 53.88 1368.4
52 52.00 1320.8 52.50 1333.5 54.38 1381.1 56.13 1425.6
54 54.00 1371.6 54.50 1384.3 56.38 1431.9 58.13 1476.4
60 60.00 1524.0 60.50 1536.7 62.50 1587.5 61.13 1552.6

Dimensions for Style WR/WRI to Suit AWWA C207
Class E Slip-On and Welding Neck Flanges

Class 250
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)

26 26.00 660.4 26.50 673.1 27.75 704.9 32.75 831.9
28 28.00 711.2 28.50 723.9 29.75 755.7 35.25 895.4
30 30.00 762.0 30.50 774.7 31.75 806.5 37.50 952.5
32 32.00 812.8 32.50 825.5 33.88 860.4 39.75 1009.7
34 34.00 863.6 34.50 876.3 35.88 911.2 41.75 1060.5
36 36.00 914.4 36.50 927.1 38.13 968.4 44.00 1117.6
38 38.00 965.2 38.50 977.9 40.13 1019.2 46.00 1168.4
40 40.00 1016.0 40.50 1028.7 42.13 1070.0 48.25 1225.6
42 42.00 1066.8 42.50 1079.5 44.25 1124.0 50.75 1289.1
44 44.00 1117.6 44.50 1130.3 46.38 1177.9 53.00 1346.2
46 46.00 1168.4 46.50 1181.1 48.38 1228.7 55.25 1403.4
48 48.00 1219.2 48.50 1231.9 50.38 1279.5 58.75 1492.3
Class 350
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)

26 26.00 660.4 26.50 673.1 27.75 704.9 29.63 752.5
28 28.00 711.2 28.50 723.9 29.75 755.7 31.63 803.3
30 30.00 762.0 30.50 774.7 31.75 806.5 33.88 860.4
32 32.00 812.8 32.50 825.5 33.88 860.4 35.88 911.2
34 34.00 863.6 34.50 876.3 35.88 911.2 37.88 962.0
36 36.00 914.4 36.50 927.1 38.13 968.4 40.38 1025.5
38 38.00 965.2 38.50 977.9 40.13 1019.2 42.38 1076.3
40 40.00 1016.0 40.50 1028.7 42.13 1070.0 44.38 1127.1
42 42.00 1066.8 42.50 1079.5 44.25 1124.0 46.63 1184.3
44 44.00 1117.6 44.50 1130.3 46.38 1177.9 49.00 1244.6
46 46.00 1168.4 46.50 1181.1 48.38 1228.7 51.00 1295.4
48 48.00 1219.2 48.50 1231.9 50.38 1279.5 53.00 1346.2
52 52.00 1320.8 52.50 1333.5 54.25 1378.0 57.38 1457.3
54 54.00 1371.6 54.50 1384.3 56.50 1435.1 59.38 1508.1
60 60.00 1524.0 60.50 1536.7 62.50 1587.5 65.38 1660.5
66 66.00 1676.4 66.50 1689.1 68.50 1739.9 72.50 1841.5

57
Dimensions for Style WR/WRI per ASME B16.20 to Suit
ASME B16.47 Series A or MSS-SP-44 Flanges

Class 150
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS) Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside
22* - - 22.75 577.9 24.00 609.6 26.00 660.4
26 25.75 654.1 26.50 673.1 27.75 704.9 30.50 774.7
28 27.75 704.9 28.50 723.9 29.75 755.7 32.75 831.9
30 29.75 755.7 30.50 774.7 31.75 806.5 34.75 882.7
32 31.75 806.5 32.50 825.5 33.88 860.4 37.00 939.8
34 33.75 857.3 34.50 876.3 35.88 911.2 39.00 990.6
36 35.75 908.1 36.50 927.1 38.13 968.4 41.25 1047.8
38 37.75 958.9 38.50 977.9 40.13 1019.2 43.75 1111.3
40 39.75 1009.7 40.50 1028.7 42.13 1070.0 45.75 1162.1
42 41.75 1060.5 42.50 1079.5 44.25 1124.0 48.00 1219.2
44 43.75 1111.3 44.50 1130.3 46.38 1177.9 50.25 1276.4
46 45.75 1162.1 46.50 1181.1 48.38 1228.7 52.25 1327.2
48 47.75 1212.9 48.50 1231.9 50.38 1279.5 54.50 1384.3
50 49.75 1263.7 50.50 1282.7 52.50 1333.5 56.50 1435.1
52 51.75 1314.5 52.50 1333.5 54.50 1384.3 58.75 1492.3
54 53.50 1358.9 54.50 1384.3 56.50 1435.1 61.00 1549.4
56 55.50 1409.7 56.50 1435.1 58.50 1485.9 63.25 1606.6
58 57.50 1460.5 58.50 1485.9 60.50 1536.7 65.50 1663.7
60 59.50 1511.3 60.50 1536.7 62.50 1587.5 67.50 1714.5
Class 300
Nominal Pipe
22* - - 22.75 577.9 24.75 628.7 27.75 704.9
26 25.75 654.1 27.00 685.8 29.00 736.6 32.88 835.0
28 27.75 704.9 29.00 736.6 31.00 787.4 35.38 898.5
30 29.75 755.7 31.25 793.8 33.25 844.6 37.50 952.5
32 31.75 806.5 33.50 850.9 35.50 901.7 39.63 1006.5
34 33.75 857.3 35.50 901.7 37.50 952.5 41.63 1057.3
36 35.75 908.1 37.63 955.7 39.63 1006.5 44.00 1117.6
38 37.50 952.5 38.50 977.9 40.00 1016.0 41.50 1054.1
40 39.50 1003.3 40.25 1022.4 42.13 1070.0 43.88 1114.4
42 41.50 1054.1 42.25 1073.2 44.13 1120.8 45.88 1165.2
44 43.50 1104.9 44.50 1130.3 46.50 1181.1 48.00 1219.2
46 45.38 1152.7 46.38 1177.9 48.38 1228.7 50.13 1273.2
48 47.63 1209.8 48.63 1235.1 50.63 1285.9 52.13 1324.0
50 49.00 1244.6 51.00 1295.4 53.00 1346.2 54.25 1378.0
52 52.00 1320.8 53.00 1346.2 55.00 1397.0 56.25 1428.8
54 53.25 1352.6 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 58.75 1492.3
56 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 59.25 1505.0 60.75 1543.1
58 57.00 1447.8 59.50 1511.3 61.50 1562.1 62.75 1593.9
60 60.00 1524.0 61.50 1562.1 63.50 1612.9 64.75 1644.7
*Not l i s ted i n ASME B16.20


Nominal Class 400

Pipe Size Inner Ring Inside Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside
(NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
Inches Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
22* - - 22.75 577.9 24.75 628.7 27.63 701.7
26 26.00 660.4 27.00 685.8 29.00 736.6 32.75 831.9
28 28.00 711.2 29.00 736.6 31.00 787.4 35.13 892.2
30 29.75 755.7 31.25 793.8 33.25 844.6 37.25 946.2
32 32.00 812.8 33.50 850.9 35.50 901.7 39.50 1003.3
34 34.00 863.6 35.50 901.7 37.50 952.5 41.50 1054.1
36 36.13 917.7 37.63 955.7 39.63 1006.5 44.00 1117.6
38 37.50 952.5 38.25 971.6 40.25 1022.4 42.25 1073.2
40 39.38 1000.3 40.38 1025.5 42.38 1076.3 44.38 1127.1
42 41.38 1051.1 42.38 1076.3 44.38 1127.1 46.38 1177.9
44 43.50 1104.9 44.50 1130.3 46.50 1181.1 48.50 1231.9
46 46.00 1168.4 47.00 1193.8 49.00 1244.6 50.75 1289.1
48 47.50 1206.5 49.00 1244.6 52.00 1320.8 53.00 1346.2
50 49.50 1257.3 51.00 1295.4 53.00 1346.2 55.25 1403.4
52 51.50 1308.1 53.00 1346.2 55.00 1397.0 57.25 1454.2
54 53.25 1352.6 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 59.75 1517.7
56 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 59.25 1505.0 61.75 1568.5
58 57.25 1454.2 59.25 1505.0 61.25 1555.8 63.75 1619.3
60 59.75 1517.7 61.75 1568.5 63.75 1619.3 66.25 1682.8
Nominal Class 600

Inches Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
22* - - 22.75 577.9 24.75 628.7 28.88 733.4
26 25.50 647.7 27.00 685.8 29.00 736.6 34.13 866.8
28 27.50 698.5 29.00 736.6 31.00 787.4 36.00 914.4
30 29.75 755.7 31.25 793.8 33.25 844.6 38.25 971.6
32 32.00 812.8 33.50 850.9 35.50 901.7 40.25 1022.4
34 34.00 863.6 35.50 901.7 37.50 952.5 42.25 1073.2
36 36.13 917.7 37.63 955.7 39.63 1006.5 44.50 1130.3
38 37.50 952.5 39.00 990.6 41.00 1041.4 43.50 1104.9
40 39.75 1009.7 41.25 1047.8 43.25 1098.6 45.50 1155.7
42 42.00 1066.8 43.50 1104.9 45.50 1155.7 48.00 1219.2
44 43.75 1111.3 45.75 1162.1 47.75 1212.9 50.00 1270.0
46 45.75 1162.1 47.75 1212.9 49.75 1263.7 52.25 1327.2
48 48.00 1219.2 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 54.75 1390.7
50 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 54.00 1371.6 57.00 1447.8
52 52.00 1320.8 54.00 1371.6 56.00 1422.4 59.00 1498.6
54 54.25 1378.0 56.25 1428.8 58.25 1479.6 61.25 1555.8
56 56.25 1428.8 58.25 1479.6 60.25 1530.4 63.50 1612.9
58 58.00 1473.2 60.50 1536.7 62.50 1587.5 65.50 1663.7
60 60.25 1530.4 62.75 1593.9 64.75 1644.7 68.25 1733.6
*Not l i s ted i n ASME B16.20

59

Class 900
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
Diameter (ID)** Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
22* - - 24.25 616.0 27.00 685.8 33.00 838.2
26 26.00 660.4 27.00 685.8 29.00 736.6 34.75 882.7
28 28.00 711.2 29.00 736.6 31.00 787.4 37.25 946.2
30 30.25 768.4 31.25 793.8 33.25 844.6 39.75 1009.7
32 32.00 812.8 33.50 850.9 35.50 901.7 42.25 1073.2
34 34.00 863.6 35.50 901.7 37.50 952.5 44.75 1136.7
36 36.25 920.8 37.75 958.9 39.75 1009.7 47.25 1200.2
38 39.75 1009.7 40.75 1035.1 42.75 1085.9 47.25 1200.2
40 41.75 1060.5 43.25 1098.6 45.25 1149.4 49.25 1251.0
42 43.75 1111.3 45.25 1149.4 47.25 1200.2 51.25 1301.8
44 45.50 1155.7 47.50 1206.5 49.50 1257.3 53.88 1368.4
46 48.00 1219.2 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 56.50 1435.1
48 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 54.00 1371.6 58.50 1485.9
*Not listed in ASME B16.20
**Inner ri ngs a re requi red
Large Spiral Wound Gasket Tolerances per ASME B16.20

to be used with ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges
• The winding thickness is ±0.005” (±0.13 mm) measured across the metallic portion
of the gasket not including the filler
o NPS 26 through NPS 34 is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
o NPS 36 through NPS 60 is ± 3/64” (±1.3 mm)
o NPS 26 through 60 is ± 1/16” (1.5 mm)
• The guide ring outside diameter tolerance is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
• The guide ring and inner thickness shall be from 0.117”
(2.97 mm) to 0.131” (3.33 mm)
• The inner ring inside diameter is: ±1/8” (±3.0 mm)
• These inner rings are suitable for use with pipe walls 0.38” (9.53 mm) or thicker

ASME B16.47 Series B or API-605 Flanges

Class 150
Nominal Pipe
26 25.75 654.05 26.50 673.1 27.50 698.5 28.56 725.5
28 27.75 704.9 28.50 723.9 29.50 749.3 30.56 776.3
30 29.75 755.7 30.50 774.7 31.50 800.1 32.56 827.1
32 31.75 806.5 32.50 825.5 33.50 850.9 34.69 881.1
34 33.75 857.3 34.50 876.3 35.75 908.1 36.81 935.0
36 35.75 908.1 36.50 927.1 37.75 958.9 38.88 987.4
38 37.75 958.9 38.38 974.7 39.75 1009.7 41.13 1044.6
40 39.75 1009.7 40.25 1022.4 41.88 1063.6 43.13 1095.4
42 41.75 1060.5 42.50 1079.5 43.88 1114.4 45.13 1146.2
44 43.75 1111.3 44.25 1124.0 45.88 1165.2 47.13 1197.0
46 45.75 1162.1 46.50 1181.1 48.19 1224.0 49.44 1255.7
48 47.75 1212.9 48.50 1231.9 50.00 1270.0 51.44 1306.5
50 49.75 1263.7 50.50 1282.7 52.19 1325.6 53.44 1357.3
52 51.75 1314.5 52.50 1333.5 54.19 1376.4 55.44 1408.1
54 53.75 1365.3 54.50 1384.3 56.00 1422.4 57.63 1463.7
56 56.00 1422.4 56.88 1444.6 58.19 1478.0 59.63 1514.5
58 58.19 1478.0 59.08 1500.6 60.19 1528.8 62.19 1579.6
60 60.44 1535.2 61.31 1557.3 62.44 1585.9 64.19 1630.4
Class 300
Nominal Pipe
26 25.75 654.05 26.50 673.1 28.00 711.2 30.38 771.5
28 27.75 704.9 28.50 723.9 30.00 762.0 32.50 825.5
30 29.75 755.7 30.50 774.7 32.00 812.8 34.88 885.8
32 31.75 806.5 32.50 825.5 34.00 863.6 37.00 939.8
34 33.75 857.3 34.50 876.3 36.00 914.4 39.13 993.8
36 35.75 908.1 36.50 927.1 38.00 965.2 41.25 1047.8
38 38.25 971.6 39.75 1009.7 41.25 1047.8 43.25 1098.6
40 40.25 1022.4 41.75 1060.5 43.25 1098.6 45.25 1149.4
42 42.75 1085.9 43.75 1111.3 45.25 1149.4 47.25 1200.2
44 44.25 1124.0 45.75 1162.1 47.25 1200.2 49.25 1251.0
46 46.38 1178.1 47.88 1216.0 29.38 746.1 51.88 1317.6
48 45.50 1155.7 49.75 1263.7 51.63 1311.3 53.88 1368.4
50 49.88 1267.0 51.88 1317.6 53.38 1355.7 55.88 1419.2
52 51.88 1317.8 53.88 1368.4 55.38 1406.5 57.88 1470.0
54 53.75 1365.3 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 60.25 1530.4
56 56.25 1428.8 58.25 1479.6 60.00 1524.0 62.75 1593.9
58 58.44 1484.4 60.44 1535.1 61.94 1573.2 65.19 1655.8
60 61.31 1557.3 62.56 1589.1 64.19 1630.4 67.19 1706.6

61

Class 400
Nominal Pipe
26 25.75 654.05 26.25 666.8 27.50 698.5 29.38 746.1
28 27.63 701.8 28.13 714.4 29.50 749.3 31.50 800.1
30 29.63 752.6 30.13 765.2 31.75 806.5 33.75 857.3
32 31.50 800.1 32.00 812.8 33.88 860.4 35.88 911.2
34 33.50 850.9 34.13 866.8 35.88 911.2 37.88 962.0
36 35.38 898.7 36.13 917.6 38.00 965.2 40.25 1022.4
38 37.50 952.5 38.25 971.6 40.25 1022.4 42.25 1073.2
40 39.38 1000.3 40.38 1025.5 42.38 1076.3 44.38 1127.1
42 41.38 1051.1 42.38 1076.3 44.38 1127.1 46.38 1177.9
44 43.50 1104.9 44.50 1130.3 46.50 1181.1 48.50 1231.9
46 46.00 1168.4 47.00 1193.8 49.00 1244.6 50.75 1289.1
48 47.50 1206.5 49.00 1244.6 51.00 1295.4 53.00 1346.2
50 49.50 1257.3 51.00 1295.4 53.00 1346.2 55.25 1403.4
52 51.50 1308.1 53.00 1346.2 55.00 1397.0 57.25 1454.2
54 53.25 1352.6 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 59.75 1517.7
56 55.25 1403.4 57.25 1454.2 59.25 1505.0 61.75 1568.5
58 57.25 1454.2 59.25 1505.0 61.25 1555.8 63.75 1619.3
60 59.75 1517.7 61.75 1568.5 63.75 1619.3 66.25 1682.8
Class 600
Nominal Pipe
26 25.38 644.652 26.13 663.6 28.13 714.4 30.13 765.2
28 27.00 685.8 27.75 704.9 29.75 755.7 32.25 819.2
30 29.63 752.6 30.63 777.9 32.63 828.7 34.63 879.5
32 31.25 793.8 32.75 831.9 34.75 882.7 36.75 933.5
34 33.50 850.9 35.00 889.0 37.00 939.8 39.25 997.0
36 35.50 901.7 37.00 939.8 39.00 990.6 41.25 1047.8
38 37.50 952.5 39.00 990.6 41.00 1041.4 43.50 1104.9
40 39.75 1009.7 41.25 1047.8 43.25 1098.6 45.50 1155.7
42 42.00 1066.8 43.50 1104.9 45.50 1155.7 48.00 1219.2
44 43.75 1111.3 45.75 1162.1 47.75 1212.9 50.00 1270.0
46 45.75 1162.1 47.75 1212.9 49.75 1263.7 52.25 1327.2
48 48.00 1219.2 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 54.75 1390.7
50 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 54.00 1371.6 57.00 1447.8
52 52.00 1320.8 54.00 1371.6 56.00 1422.4 59.00 1498.6
54 54.25 1378.0 56.25 1428.8 58.25 1479.6 61.25 1555.8
56 56.25 1428.8 58.25 1479.6 60.25 1530.4 63.50 1612.9
58 58.00 1473.2 60.50 1536.7 62.50 1587.5 65.50 1663.7
60 60.25 1530.4 62.75 1593.9 64.75 1644.7 68.25 1733.6


Class 900
Nominal Pipe
26 26.25 666.75 27.25 692.2 29.50 749.3 33.00 838.2
28 28.25 717.6 29.25 743.0 31.50 800.1 35.50 901.7
30 30.75 781.1 31.75 806.5 33.75 857.3 37.75 958.9
32 33.00 838.2 34.00 863.6 36.00 914.4 40.00 1016.0
34 35.25 895.4 36.25 920.8 38.25 971.6 42.25 1073.2
36 36.25 920.8 37.25 946.2 39.25 997.0 44.25 1124.0
38 39.75 1009.7 40.75 1035.1 42.75 1085.9 47.25 1200.2
40 41.75 1060.5 43.25 1098.6 45.25 1149.4 49.25 1251.0
42 43.75 1111.3 45.25 1149.4 47.25 1200.2 51.25 1301.8
44 45.50 1155.7 47.50 1206.5 49.50 1257.3 53.88 1368.4
46 48.00 1219.2 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 56.50 1435.1
48 50.00 1270.0 52.00 1320.8 54.00 1371.6 58.50 1485.9
* Inner ri ngs a re requi red
Large Spiral Wound Gasket Tolerances Per ASME B16.20

to Be Used With ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges
• The winding thickness is ±0.005” (±0.13 mm) measured across the metallic por-
tion of the gasket, not including the filler
o NPS 26 through NPS 34 NPS is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
o NPS 36 through NPS 60 NPS is ± 3/64” (±1.3 mm)

o NPS 26 through 60 NPS is ± 1/16” (1.5 mm)
• The guide ring outside diameter tolerance is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
• The guide and inner ring thickness shall be from 0.117”
(2.97 mm) to 0.131” (3.33 mm)
• The inner ring inside diameter is: ±1/8” (±3.0 mm)
• These inner rings are suitable for use with pipe walls 0.38” (9.53 mm)
or thicker

63
Dimensions for Style WR/WRI to Suit
ASME/ANSI B16.5 and Slip-On Flanges

Class 150
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/4 - - 0.56 14.3 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 1.25 31.8 1.88 47.6
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.19 30.2 1.56 39.7 2.25 57.2
1 1.06 27.0 1.44 36.5 1.88 47.6 2.63 66.7
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.00 76.2
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.38 85.7
Class 300
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/4 - - 0.56 14.3 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 1.25 31.8 2.13 54.0
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.19 30.2 1.56 39.7 2.63 66.7
1 1.06 27.0 1.44 36.5 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.25 82.6
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.75 95.3
Class 400
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/4 - - 0.56 14.3 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 1.25 31.8 2.13 54.0
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.19 30.2 1.56 39.7 2.63 66.7
1 1.06 27.0 1.44 36.5 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.25 82.6
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.75 95.3
Class 600
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/4 - - 0.56 14.3 0.88 22.2 1.75 44.5
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 1.25 31.8 2.13 54.0
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.19 30.2 1.56 39.7 2.63 66.7
1 1.06 27.0 1.44 36.5 1.88 47.6 2.88 73.0
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.25 82.6
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.75 95.3

Dimensions for Style WR/WRI to Suit
ASME/ANSI B16.5 and Slip-On Flanges

Class 900
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 1.25 31.8 2.50 63.5
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.19 30.2 1.56 39.7 2.75 69.9
1 1.06 27.0 1.44 36.5 1.88 47.6 3.13 79.4
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.50 88.9
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4
Class 1500
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 1.25 31.8 2.50 63.5
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.19 30.2 1.56 39.7 2.75 69.9
1 1.06 27.0 1.44 36.5 1.88 47.6 3.13 79.4
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.88 47.6 2.38 60.3 3.50 88.9
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 3.88 98.4
Standard spiral wound gasket dimensions are not compatible with slip-on flanges, threaded flange, or lap
joint flanges in certain sizes due to the larger bore on slip-on flanges.

65
Dimensions for Style WR/WRI to Suit Type A and B
Flange Facings per EN 1514-2 (Inches)

Inner ring Winding Winding Outside Winding Outside

Guide Ring Outside Diameter (OD)
Inside Inside Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
DN
Diameter Diameter
PN10, PN25, PN63, PN100,
(ID) (ID) PN10 PN25 PN40 PN63 PN100 PN160
PN40 PN160
mm Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches
10 0.709 0.945 1.339 1.339 1.811 2.205
15 0.906 1.142 1.535 1.535 2.008 2.402
20 1.102 1.339 1.811 - 2.402 -
25 1.378 1.614 2.087 2.087 2.795 3.228
32 1.693 1.929 2.402 - 3.228 -
40 1.969 2.205 2.677 2.677 3.622 4.055
50 2.402 2.756 3.386 3.386 4.213 4.449 4.685
65 3.031 3.386 4.016 4.173 5.000 5.394 5.630
80 3.543 3.898 4.528 4.685 5.591 5.827 6.063
100 4.528 5.000 5.630 5.787 6.378 6.614 6.850 7.087
125 5.512 5.984 6.772 6.929 7.559 7.638 8.268 8.543
150 6.575 7.047 7.835 7.992 8.543 8.819 9.724 10.118
200 8.504 8.976 9.764 9.921 10.709 11.181 11.417 12.165 12.756
250 10.512 10.984 11.929 12.087 12.874 13.386 13.858 14.331 15.394 15.276
300 12.520 12.992 13.937 14.094 14.842 15.748 16.417 16.693 18.031 18.031
350 14.173 14.803 15.748 15.905 17.205 17.992 18.661 19.134 20.157 -
400 16.142 16.614 17.717 17.953 19.213 20.236 21.496 21.378 22.520 -
500 20.079 20.551 21.654 21.890 23.346 24.567 24.724 25.866 27.716 -
600 24.016 24.488 25.591 25.827 27.362 28.779 29.409 30.079 32.008 -
700 27.953 28.425 29.764 30.000 31.890 32.795 33.543 34.606 37.402 -
800 31.890 32.677 34.016 34.252 36.102 37.087 38.346 38.898 - -
900 35.827 36.614 37.953 38.189 40.039 41.024 42.677 43.622 - -
1000 39.764 40.551 42.283 42.520 44.252 45.433 47.008 - - -

Dimensions for Style WR/WRI to Suit Type A and B
Flange Facings per EN 1514-2 (Millimeters)

Winding Outside Winding Outside

Inner ring Winding Guide Ring Outside Diameter (OD)
Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
DN Inside Inside
Diameter (ID) Diameter (ID) PN10, PN25, PN63, PN100,
PN10 PN25 PN40 PN63 PN100 PN160
PN40 PN160
mm mm mm mm mm mm
10 18 24 34 34 46 56
15 23 29 39 39 51 61
20 28 34 46 - 61 -
25 35 41 53 53 71 82
32 43 49 61 - 82 -
40 50 56 68 68 92 103
50 61 70 86 86 107 113 119
65 77 86 102 106 127 137 143
80 90 99 115 119 142 148 154
100 115 127 143 147 162 168 174 180
125 140 152 172 176 192 194 210 217
150 167 179 199 203 217 224 247 257
200 216 228 248 252 272 284 290 309 324
250 267 279 303 307 327 340 352 364 391 388
300 318 330 354 358 377 400 417 424 458 458
350 360 376 400 404 437 457 474 486 512 -
400 410 422 450 456 488 514 546 543 572 -
500 510 522 550 556 593 624 628 657 704 -
600 610 622 650 656 695 731 747 764 813 -
700 710 722 756 762 810 833 852 879 950 -
800 810 830 864 870 917 942 974 988 - -
900 910 930 964 970 1017 1042 1084 1108 - -
1000 1010 1030 1074 1080 1124 1154 1194 - - -

67
Dimensions for Style WR to Suit British Standard BS 10
Welded Neck & Slip-On Flanges Table D and E (Millimeters)

Nominal Guide Ring Outside Diameter (OD)

Winding Inside Winding Outside
Pipe Size
Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) TABLE TABLE
(NPS) D E
1/2 26.2 37.3 54.0 54.0
3/4 31.8 42.9 60.3 60.3
1 39.7 52.4 69.9 69.9
1 1/4 47.6 60.3 74.6 74.6
1 1/2 54.0 66.7 85.8 85.8
2 66.7 79.4 98.5 98.5
2 1/2 82.6 98.5 111.2 111.2
3 96.9 112.8 130.2 130.2
3 1/2 109.6 125.5 149.3 149.3
4 123.9 139.7 161.9 161.9
4 1/2 136.6 152.4 174.6 174.6
5 149.2 165.1 193.6 193.6
6 174.6 190.5 219.0 215.9
7 200.0 219.0 244.5 241.3
8 225.4 244.5 276.2 273.0
9 250.8 269.9 308.0 304.8
10 276.3 295.3 336.6 336.6
11 301.6 320.7 362.0 362.0
12 327.0 349.3 387.4 384.2
13 368.3 390.6 419.1 415.9
14 393.7 416.0 447.7 447.7
15 419.1 441.3 473.0 473.0
16 444.5 466.7 498.5 498.5
17 473.0 498.5 530.3 527.0
18 498.5 523.9 562.0 562.0
19 523.9 549.3 587.4 587.4
20 549.3 574.7 619.2 619.2
21 574.7 603.3 651.0 647.7
22 600.0 628.7 673.1 673.1
23 625.5 654.0 698.5 698.5
24 650.9 679.5 730.3 728.7

Dimensions for Style WR to Suit British Standard BS 10 Welded
Neck & Slip-On Flanges Table F, H, J, K, & R (Millimeters)

Nominal Guide Ring Outside Diameter (OD)

Winding Inside Winding Outside
Pipe Size TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE
Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD)
(NPS) F H J K R
1/2 26.2 38.9 54.0 66.7 66.7 66.7 66.7
3/4 31.8 44.5 60.3 66.7 66.7 66.7 66.7
1 39.7 55.6 71.5 71.5 71.5 79.4 79.4
1 1/4 47.6 63.5 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6
1 1/2 54.0 69.9 88.9 88.9 88.9 95.3 95.3
2 66.7 82.6 111.2 111.2 108.0 111.2 111.2
2 1/2 82.6 101.6 130.2 130.2 127.0 127.0 127.0
3 96.9 115.9 149.3 149.3 146.0 146.0 146.0
3 1/2 109.6 128.6 162.0 162.0 158.9 162.0 162.0
4 123.9 142.9 174.7 174.7 171.5 174.7 174.7
4 1/2 136.6 158.9 190.5 190.5 187.4 187.4 187.4
5 149.2 171.5 215.9 215.9 212.8 212.8 212.8
6 174.6 196.9 241.3 241.3 238.2 238.2 238.2
7 200.0 225.4 273.0 273.0 269.9 266.7 266.7
8 225.4 250.9 304.8 304.8 301.7 292.1 298.5
9 250.8 276.3 333.4 333.4 330.2 330.2 330.2
10 279.4 304.8 358.8 358.8 355.6 355.6 362.0
11 304.8 330.2 384.2 384.2 381.0 384.2 403.3
12 330.2 358.7 416.0 416.0 412.8 403.3 428.7
13 362.0 390.6 444.5 444.5 441.4 451.0 463.6
14 387.4 415.9 470.0 470.0 466.8 476.3 495.3
15 412.8 441.4 495.3 495.3 492.2 508.0 520.7
16 444.5 476.3 527.0 527.0 523.9 533.4 552.5
17 469.9 504.9 558.8 558.8 555.7 565.2 577.9
18 495.3 530.3 581.0 581.0 577.9 619.2 638.2
19 523.9 562.0 612.3 612.3 609.6 - -
20 549.3 587.4 644.6 644.6 641.4 673.1 692.2
21 574.7 619.2 670.0 670.0 666.8 - -
22 600.0 644.5 695.4 695.4 692.2 730.3 755.7
23 625.5 670.0 723.9 723.9 720.8 - -
24 651.0 695.4 749.3 749.3 746.1 - -

69
Dimensions for Style WR to Suit British Standard BS 10
Welded Neck & Slip-On Flanges Table S (Millimeters)

BS 10: 1931 BS 10: 1962

Nominal Pipe Size Guide Ring Outside
Winding Inside Winding Outside Winding Inside Winding Outside
(NPS) Diameter (OD)
Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD)
1/2 19.1 31.8 19.1 31.8 69.9

3/4 25.4 39.7 25.4 39.7 69.9
1 31.8 47.6 31.8 47.6 82.6
1 1/4 38.1 55.6 38.1 55.6 88.9
1 1/2 44.5 63.5 44.5 63.5 101.6
2 57.2 76.2 57.2 79.4 114.3
2 1/2 69.9 88.9 73.0 95.3 127.0
3 82.6 101.6 85.7 108.0 142.9
3 1/2 95.3 114.3 98.4 120.7 168.3
4 108.0 127.0 111.1 136.5 177.8
4 1/2 120.7 139.7 123.8 149.2 190.5
5 133.4 152.4 136.5 161.9 212.7
6 158.8 177.8 161.9 187.3 247.7
7 187.3 209.6 187.3 219.1 288.9
8 212.7 235.0 212.7 244.5 323.9
9 238.1 260.4 241.3 273.1 358.8
10 263.5 285.8 266.7 301.6 393.7
11 (12) 3/4 O/D Pipe) 288.9 317.5 292.1 327.0 435.0
12 (14) 3/4 O/D Pipe) 314.3 346.1 320.7 355.6 469.9
13 (15) 3/4 O/D Pipe) 339.7 371.5 346.1 384.2 501.7
14 (16) 3/4 O/D Pipe) 365.1 400.1 371.5 409.6 539.8
15 (17) 3/4 O/D Pipe) 390.5 428.6 400.1 438.2 581.0
16 (18) 3/4 O/D Pipe) 415.9 454.0 425.5 466.7 616.0

Dimensions for Style WR/WRI per British BS 3381 to Suit
BS 1560 and ASME/ANSI B16.5 Flanges (Millimeters)

Class 150
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
1/2 14.3 18.7 32.2 47.6
3/4 20.6 26.6 40.1 57.2
1 27.0 32.9 48.0 66.7
1 1/4 34.9 45.6 60.7 76.2
1 1/2 41.3 53.6 70.3 85.7
2 52.4 69.5 86.1 104.8
2 1/2 63.5 82.2 98.8 123.8
3 77.8 101.2 121.1 136.5
4 103.2 126.6 149.6 174.6
5 128.5 153.6 178.2 196.9
6 154.0 180.6 210.0 222.3
8 203.2 231.4 263.9 279.4
10 254.0 286.9 317.9 339.7
12 303.2 339.3 375.1 409.6
14 342.9 371.1 406.8 450.9
16 393.7 421.9 464.0 514.4
18 444.5 475.9 527.5 549.3
20 495.3 526.7 578.3 606.4
24 596.9 631.4 686.2 717.6
Class 300
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
1/2 14.3 32.2 18.7 54.0
3/4 20.6 40.1 25.0 66.7
1 27.0 48.0 31.4 73.0
1 1/4 34.9 60.7 44.1 82.6
1 1/2 41.3 70.3 50.4 95.3
2 52.4 86.1 66.3 111.1
2 1/2 63.5 98.8 79.0 130.2
3 77.8 121.1 94.9 149.2
4 103.2 149.6 120.3 181.0
5 128.5 178.2 147.2 215.9
6 154.0 210.0 174.2 250.8
8 203.2 263.9 225.0 308.0
10 254.0 317.9 280.6 362.0
12 303.2 375.1 333.0 422.3
14 342.9 406.8 364.7 485.8
16 393.7 464.0 415.5 539.8
18 444.5 527.5 469.5 596.9
20 495.3 578.3 520.3 654.1
24 596.9 686.2 625.1 774.7

71

Class 600
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
1/2 14.3 18.7 32.2 54.0
3/4 20.6 25.0 40.1 66.7
1 27.0 31.4 48.0 73.0
1 1/4 34.9 44.1 60.7 82.6
1 1/2 41.3 50.4 70.3 95.3
2 52.4 66.3 86.1 111.1
2 1/2 63.5 79.0 98.8 130.2
3 77.8 94.9 121.1 149.2
4 103.2 120.3 149.6 193.7
5 128.5 147.2 178.2 241.3
6 154.0 174.2 210.0 266.7
8 203.2 225.0 263.9 320.7
10 254.0 280.6 317.9 400.1
12 303.2 333.0 375.1 457.2
14 342.9 364.7 406.8 492.1
16 393.7 415.5 464.0 565.2
18 444.5 469.5 527.5 612.8
20 495.3 520.3 578.3 682.6
24 596.9 625.1 686.2 790.6
Class 900
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
1/2 14.3 18.7 32.2 63.5
3/4 20.6 25.0 40.1 69.9
1 27.0 31.4 48.0 79.4
1 1/4 34.9 44.1 60.7 88.9
1 1/2 41.3 50.4 70.3 98.4
2 52.4 66.3 86.1 142.9
2 1/2 63.5 79.0 98.8 165.1
3 77.8 94.9 121.1 168.3
4 103.2 120.3 149.6 206.4
5 128.5 147.2 178.2 247.7
6 154.0 174.2 210.0 288.9
8 203.2 225.0 263.9 358.8
10 254.0 280.6 317.9 435.0
12 303.2 333.0 375.1 498.5
14 342.9 364.7 406.8 520.7
16 393.7 415.5 464.0 574.7
18 444.5 469.5 527.5 638.2
20 495.3 520.3 578.3 698.5
24 596.9 625.1 686.2 838.2


Class 1500
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
1/2 14.3 18.7 32.2 63.5
3/4 20.6 25.0 40.1 69.9
1 27.0 31.4 48.0 79.4
1 1/4 34.9 44.1 60.7 88.9
1 1/2 41.3 50.4 70.3 98.4
2 52.4 66.3 86.1 142.9
2 1/2 63.5 79.0 98.8 165.1
3 77.8 94.9 121.1 174.6
4 103.2 120.3 149.6 209.6
5 128.5 147.2 178.2 254.0
6 154.0 174.2 210.0 282.6
8 203.2 225.0 263.9 352.4
10 254.0 280.6 317.9 435.0
12 303.2 333.0 375.1 520.7
14 342.9 364.7 406.8 577.9
16 393.7 415.5 464.0 641.4
18 444.5 469.5 527.5 704.9
20 495.3 520.3 578.3 755.7
24 596.9 625.1 686.2 901.7
Class 2500
Nominal Pipe
Size (NPS)
1/2 14.3 18.7 32.2 69.9
3/4 20.6 25.0 40.1 76.2
1 27.0 31.4 48.0 85.7
1 1/4 34.9 39.3 60.7 104.8
1 1/2 41.3 47.2 70.3 117.5
2 52.4 58.3 86.1 146.1
2 1/2 63.5 69.5 98.8 168.3
3 77.8 91.7 121.1 196.9
4 103.2 117.1 149.6 235.0
5 128.5 142.5 178.2 279.4
6 154.0 171.1 210.0 317.5
8 203.2 215.5 263.9 387.4
10 254.0 269.5 317.9 476.3
12 303.2 323.5 375.1 549.6

73
Dimensions for Style WR to Suit French Standard NF -M -87621
(Millimeters)

Class 150 Class 300 Class 600

Nominal Winding Winding Guide Ring Winding Winding Guide Ring Winding Winding Guide Ring
Pipe Size Inside Outside Outside Inside Outside Outside Inside Outside Outside
(NPS) Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter
(ID) (OD) (OD) (ID) (OD) (OD) (ID) (OD) (OD)
1/2 19 29 47 19 29 54 19 29 54
3/4 25 37 57 25 37 66 25 37 66
1 32 44 66 32 44 73 32 44 73
1 1/4 48 57 76 48 57 82 48 57 82
1 1/2 54 67 85 54 67 95 54 67 95
2 70 82 104 70 82 111 70 82 111
2 1/2 83 95 124 95 130 83 95 130
3 102 117 136 102 117 149 102 117 149
4 127 146 174 127 146 181 120 146 193
5 156 176 197 156 176 216 148 176 241
6 183 206 222 183 206 251 175 206 266
8 233 260 279 233 260 308 225 260 320
10 287 314 339 287 314 362 275 314 400
12 340 371 409 340 371 422 327 371 457
14 372 403 451 372 403 485 362 403 492
16 422 460 514 422 460 539 413 460 565
18 475 524 549 475 524 597 470 524 612
20 525 575 606 525 575 654 521 575 682
24 629 682 717 629 682 774 629 682 790
Class 900 Class 1500 Class 2500

Nominal Winding Winding Guide Ring Winding Winding Guide Ring Winding Winding Guide Ring
Pipe Size Inside Outside Outside Inside Outside Outside Inside Outside Outside
(NPS) Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter
(ID) (OD) (OD) (ID) (OD) (OD) (ID) (OD) (OD)
1/2 19 29 63 19 29 63 19 29 70
3/4 25 37 70 25 37 70 25 37 76
1 32 44 79 32 44 79 32 44 86
1 1/4 40 57 89 40 57 89 40 57 105
1 1/2 48 67 98 48 67 98 48 67 117
2 59 82 143 59 82 143 59 82 146
2 1/2 70 95 165 70 95 165 70 95 168
3 95 117 168 92 117 174 92 117 197
4 120 146 206 118 146 209 118 146 235
5 148 176 247 143 176 254 143 176 279
6 175 206 289 171 206 282 171 206 317
8 225 260 359 216 260 352 216 260 387
10 275 314 435 270 314 435 270 314 476
12 327 371 498 324 371 520 324 371 549
14 362 403 520 362 403 578 - - -
16 413 460 574 413 460 641 - - -
18 464 524 638 454 524 705 - - -
20 514 575 698 514 575 756 - - -
24 616 682 838 516 682 901 - - -

Dimensions for Style WR to Suit Japanese (JIS) Flanges
Pressure Rating 10 kgf/cm2

Winding Inside Winding Outside Guide Ring Outside

DN
Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD) Diameter (OD)
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
10 0.945 24 1.457 37 2.047 52
15 1.102 28 1.614 41 2.244 57
20 1.339 34 1.850 47 2.441 62
25 1.575 40 2.087 53 2.913 74
32 2.008 51 2.638 67 3.307 84
40 2.244 57 2.874 73 3.504 89
50 2.717 69 3.504 89 4.094 104
65 3.425 87 4.213 107 4.882 124
80 3.858 98 4.646 118 5.276 134
90 4.331 110 5.118 130 5.669 144
100 4.843 123 5.630 143 6.260 159
125 5.827 148 6.811 173 7.480 190
150 6.850 174 7.835 199 8.661 220
175 7.913 201 8.898 226 9.646 245
200 8.937 227 9.921 252 6.693 170
225 9.921 252 10.906 277 11.417 290
250 10.945 278 12.205 310 13.071 332
300 12.953 329 14.213 361 14.843 377
350 14.409 366 15.984 406 16.614 422
400 16.417 417 17.992 457 19.055 484
450 18.425 468 20.394 518 21.220 539
500 20.394 518 22.362 568 23.386 594
550 22.402 569 24.370 619 25.591 650
600 24.409 620 26.378 670 27.559 700

75
Pressure Rating 16-20 kgf/cm2

DN
10 0.709 18 0.945 24 1.457 37 2.047 52
15 0.866 22 1.102 28 1.614 41 2.244 57
20 1.102 28 1.339 34 1.850 47 2.441 62
25 1.339 34 1.575 40 2.087 53 2.913 74
32 1.693 43 2.008 51 2.638 67 3.307 84
40 1.929 49 2.244 57 2.874 73 3.504 89
50 2.402 61 2.717 69 3.504 89 4.094 104
65 3.031 77 3.425 87 4.213 107 4.882 124
80 3.504 89 3.898 99 4.685 119 5.512 140
90 4.016 102 4.488 114 5.472 139 5.906 150
100 4.528 115 5.000 127 5.984 152 6.496 165
125 5.512 140 5.984 152 6.969 177 7.953 202
150 6.535 166 7.165 182 8.425 214 9.331 237
175 - - - - - - - -
200 8.543 217 9.173 233 10.433 265 11.102 282
225 - - - - - - - -
250 10.551 268 11.339 288 12.913 328 13.937 354
300 12.559 319 13.346 339 14.921 379 15.906 404
350 14.016 356 14.803 376 16.378 416 17.717 450
400 16.024 407 17.008 432 18.976 482 20.000 508
450 18.031 458 19.016 483 20.984 533 22.559 573
500 20.000 508 20.984 533 22.953 583 24.724 628
550 22.008 559 22.992 584 24.961 634 26.929 684
600 24.016 610 25.000 635 26.969 685 28.898 734


DN
10 0.709 18 0.945 24 1.457 37 2.323 59
15 0.866 22 1.102 28 1.614 41 2.520 64
20 1.102 28 1.339 34 1.850 47 2.717 69
25 1.339 34 1.575 40 2.087 53 3.110 79
32 1.693 43 2.008 51 2.638 67 3.504 89
40 1.929 49 2.244 57 2.874 73 3.937 100
50 2.402 61 2.717 69 3.504 89 4.488 114
65 2.677 68 3.071 78 3.858 98 5.512 140
80 3.150 80 3.543 90 4.331 110 5.906 150
90 3.622 92 4.016 102 5.000 127 6.378 162
100 4.094 104 4.567 116 5.551 141 6.772 172
125 5.039 128 5.512 140 6.496 165 8.150 207
150 6.024 153 6.496 165 7.756 197 9.803 249
200 7.953 202 8.583 218 9.843 250 11.575 294
250 9.882 251 10.669 271 12.244 311 14.173 360
300 11.811 300 12.598 320 14.173 360 16.457 418
350 13.228 336 14.016 356 15.591 396 18.228 463
400 15.079 383 15.866 403 17.835 453 20.630 524

DN
10 0.591 15 0.827 21 1.339 34 2.323 59
15 0.709 18 0.945 24 1.457 37 2.520 64
20 0.906 23 1.142 29 1.654 42 2.717 69
25 1.142 29 1.378 35 1.890 48 3.110 79
32 1.496 38 1.732 44 2.362 60 3.504 89
40 1.693 43 2.008 51 2.638 67 3.937 100
50 2.165 55 2.480 63 3.110 79 4.488 114
65 2.677 68 3.071 78 3.858 98 5.512 140
80 3.150 80 3.543 90 4.331 110 5.906 150
90 3.622 92 4.016 102 5.000 127 6.378 162
100 4.094 104 4.567 116 5.551 141 7.165 182
125 5.039 128 5.512 140 6.496 165 8.819 224
150 6.024 153 6.496 165 7.756 197 10.433 265
200 7.953 202 8.583 218 9.843 250 12.402 315
250 9.882 251 10.669 271 12.244 311 14.882 378
300 11.811 300 12.598 320 14.173 360 17.087 434
350 13.228 336 14.016 356 15.591 396 18.858 479
400 15.079 383 15.866 403 17.835 453 20.906 531

77

DN
10 0.591 15 0.827 21 1.339 34 2.520 64
15 0.709 18 0.945 24 1.457 37 2.717 69
20 0.906 23 1.142 29 1.654 42 2.953 75
25 1.142 29 1.378 35 1.890 48 3.150 80
32 1.496 38 1.732 44 2.362 60 3.543 90
40 1.693 43 2.008 51 2.638 67 4.213 107
50 2.165 55 2.480 63 3.110 79 4.921 125
65 2.677 68 3.071 78 3.858 98 5.984 152
80 3.150 80 3.543 90 4.331 110 6.378 162
90 3.622 92 4.016 102 5.000 127 7.047 179
100 4.094 104 4.567 116 5.551 141 7.638 194
125 5.039 128 5.512 140 6.496 165 9.252 235
150 6.024 153 6.496 165 7.756 197 10.827 275
200 7.953 202 8.583 218 9.843 250 12.913 328
250 9.882 251 10.669 271 12.244 311 15.512 394
300 11.811 300 12.598 320 14.173 360 17.559 446
350 13.228 336 14.016 356 15.591 396 19.213 488
400 15.079 383 15.866 403 17.835 453 21.457 545

Dimensions for Style WR-RJ/WRI-RJ to Suit
Raised Face to RTJ Flanges

Class 150
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1 Contact Lamons Engineering for Sizes
1 1/4 1.38 34.9 1.81 46.0 3.00 76.2
1 1/2 1.63 41.3 2.13 54.0 3.38 85.7
2 2.13 54.0 2.75 69.9 4.13 104.8
2 1/2 2.75 69.9 3.31 84.1 4.88 123.8
3 3.31 84.1 3.94 100.0 5.38 136.5
Inside Diameter of
4 4.31 109.5 5.19 131.8 6.88 174.6
inner ring will
5 5.31 134.9 6.19 157.2 7.75 196.9
depend on bore
6 6.31 160.3 7.19 182.6 8.75 222.3
schedule. Please
8 8.25 209.6 9.19 233.4 11.00 279.4
consult with Lamons
10 10.31 261.9 11.44 290.5 13.38 339.7
Engineering for
12 12.19 309.6 13.56 344.5 16.13 409.6
proper sizing
14 13.44 341.3 14.94 379.4 17.75 450.9
16 15.31 388.9 16.94 430.2 20.25 514.4
18 17.25 438.2 19.00 482.6 21.63 549.3
20 19.13 485.8 21.13 536.6 23.88 606.4
24 23.00 584.2 25.25 641.4 28.25 717.6
Class 300
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 2.13 54.0
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.25 31.8 2.63 66.7
1 1.06 27.0 1.56 39.7 2.88 73.0
1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.88 47.6 3.25 82.6
1 1/2 1.56 39.7 2.19 55.6 3.75 95.3
2 2.13 54.0 2.69 68.3 4.38 111.1
2 1/2 Inside Diameter of 2.75 69.9 3.31 84.1 5.13 130.2
3 inner ring will 3.31 84.1 3.94 100.0 5.88 149.2
4 depend on bore 4.31 109.5 5.19 131.8 7.13 181.0
5 schedule. Please 5.31 134.9 6.44 163.5 8.50 215.9
6 consult with Lamons 6.44 163.5 7.63 193.7 9.88 250.8
8 Engineering for 8.25 209.6 9.94 252.4 12.13 308.0
10 proper sizing 10.31 261.9 12.00 304.8 14.25 362.0
12 12.88 327.0 14.25 362.0 16.63 422.3
14 14.25 362.0 15.75 400.1 19.13 485.8
16 16.25 412.8 17.75 450.9 21.25 539.8
18 18.25 463.6 20.25 514.4 23.50 596.9
20 20.25 514.4 22.19 563.6 25.75 654.1
24 24.25 616.0 26.31 668.3 30.50 774.7

79

Class 400
Nominal
(NPS)
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 2.13 54.0
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.25 31.8 2.63 66.7
1 1.06 27.0 1.56 39.7 2.88 73.0
1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.88 47.6 3.25 82.6
1 1/2 1.56 39.7 2.19 55.6 3.75 95.3
2 2.13 54.0 2.69 68.3 4.38 111.1
3 inner ring will 3.31 84.1 3.94 100.0 5.88 149.2
4 depend on bore 4.31 109.5 5.19 131.8 7.00 177.8
5 schedule. Please 5.31 134.9 6.44 163.5 8.38 212.7
8 Engineering for 8.25 209.6 9.94 252.4 12.00 304.8
10 proper sizing 10.31 261.9 12.00 304.8 14.13 358.8
12 12.88 327.0 14.25 362.0 16.50 419.1
14 14.25 362.0 15.75 400.1 19.00 482.6
16 16.25 412.8 17.75 450.9 21.13 536.6
18 18.25 463.6 20.25 514.4 23.38 593.7
20 20.25 514.4 22.19 563.6 25.50 647.7
24 24.25 616.0 26.31 668.3 30.25 768.4
Class 600
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/2 0.56 14.3 0.94 23.8 2.13 54.0
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.25 31.8 2.63 66.7
1 1.06 27.0 1.56 39.7 2.88 73.0
1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.88 47.6 3.25 82.6
1 1/2 1.56 39.7 2.19 55.6 3.75 95.3
2 2.13 54.0 2.69 68.3 4.38 111.1
3 inner ring will 3.31 84.1 3.94 100.0 5.88 149.2
4 depend on bore 4.31 109.5 5.19 131.8 7.63 193.7
5 schedule. Please 5.31 134.9 6.44 163.5 9.50 241.3
8 Engineering for 8.25 209.6 9.94 252.4 12.63 320.7
10 proper sizing 10.31 261.9 12.00 304.8 15.75 400.1
12 12.88 327.0 14.25 362.0 18.00 457.2
14 14.25 362.0 15.75 400.1 19.38 492.1
16 16.25 412.8 17.75 450.9 22.25 565.2
18 18.25 463.6 20.25 514.4 24.13 612.8
20 20.25 514.4 22.19 563.6 26.88 682.6
24 24.25 616.0 26.31 668.3 31.13 790.6


Class 900
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
1/2 0.56 14.3 1.06 27.0 2.50 63.5
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.31 33.3 2.75 69.9
1 1.06 27.0 1.56 39.7 3.13 79.4
1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.94 49.2 3.50 88.9
1 1/2 1.56 39.7 2.25 57.2 3.88 98.4
2 2.25 57.2 3.19 81.0 5.63 142.9
3 inner ring will 3.19 81.0 4.19 106.4 6.63 168.3
4 depend on bore 4.06 103.2 5.19 131.8 8.13 206.4
5 schedule. Please 5.31 134.9 6.44 163.5 9.75 247.7
8 Engineering for 8.25 209.6 9.94 252.4 14.13 358.8
10 proper sizing 10.31 261.9 12.00 304.8 17.13 435.0
12 12.88 327.0 14.25 362.0 19.63 498.5
14 13.81 350.8 15.56 395.3 20.50 520.7
16 15.56 395.3 17.56 446.1 22.63 574.7
18 17.69 449.3 19.94 506.4 25.13 638.2
20 19.69 500.1 21.94 557.2 27.50 698.5
24 23.19 589.0 25.94 658.8 33.00 838.2
Class 1500
Nominal
1/2 0.56 14.3 1.06 27.0 2.50 63.5
3/4 0.81 20.6 1.31 33.3 2.75 69.9
1 1.06 27.0 1.56 39.7 3.13 79.4
1 1/4 1.31 33.3 1.94 49.2 3.50 88.9
1 1/2 1.56 39.7 2.25 57.2 3.88 98.4
2 2.25 57.2 3.19 81.0 5.63 142.9
3 inner ring will 3.19 81.0 4.69 119.1 6.88 174.6
4 depend on bore 4.06 103.2 5.69 144.5 8.25 209.6
5 schedule. Please 5.06 128.6 6.94 176.2 10.00 254.0
8 Engineering for 7.88 200.0 9.75 247.7 13.88 352.4
10 proper sizing 9.81 249.2 11.88 301.6 17.13 435.0
12 11.94 303.2 13.94 354.0 20.50 520.7
14 13.44 341.3 15.19 385.8 22.75 577.9
16 15.00 381.0 17.00 431.8 25.25 641.4
18 17.25 438.2 19.50 495.3 27.75 704.9
20 19.19 487.4 21.44 544.5 29.75 755.7
24 23.00 584.2 25.50 647.7 35.50 901.7

81
Markings for Standard Spiral Wound Gaskets
6.2 0
LAM
Manufacturer's
B1
ON
Name ASME B16.20
ME
or applicable
S
specification
AS
W
I
R
Gasket Style 2
15 OR
0 3 6L
Nominal Pipe Size 16L R 31
FG 316 L I
Outer Ring
Pressure Class
Winding Metal Inner Ring
Filler Material
Markings for Standard Kammpro Gaskets ®

LA
-6
Manufacturer's
MO
60
Name
NS
25
LP -1 EN-12560-6
Gasket Style
3
2 EN or applicable
150 OR specification
316L F G 316L
Nominal Pipe Size
Pressure Class Outer Ring Material
Core Metal Core Facing

Lamons Kammpro Gasket ®
Product Family
Lamons Kammpro gaskets are recognized as a
problem solver for heat exchangers, large vessels,
and equipment that experience excessive movement
due to thermal expansion. The Kammpro provides
one of the tightest seals combined with superior load
bearing characteristics. Kammpro gaskets consist of
a metal sealing core with or without a guide ring. The
sealing core is a solid metal gasket with concentric
serrations on both sealing surfaces and faced with a
soft material such as flexible graphite, EPTFE, or a
Lamons HTG configuration depending on operating
conditions. It is the preferred design when needing
improved performance at low seating stresses.
The simultaneous actions of a high compressibility
facing material on the outside of the grooved metal
in combination with limited penetration of the tips
of the solid metal core enhance the interaction of
the two materials. This allows the components to
perform individually to their optimum capabilities.
Kammpro gaskets are manufactured in different
materials and non-circular shapes with extreme
accuracy. They can also be custom engineered to
fit various applications. The suggested flange surface
finish for Kammpro gaskets is 125-250 AARH.
Kammpro LP 1 is manufactured without a guide ring for tongue and groove,

or recessed flange applications such as male and female. It is typically used in heat
exchanger applications and applied as an upgrade to double jacketed gaskets.
It is highly suggested to have the nubbin (if present) machined out as a best practice. Where
pass partitions are required, they are also kamm profiled and laminated. They are the same
thickness as the ring, and securely held in place with welds.
Kammpro LP2 is constructed with an integral guide ring

for aligning purposes. It is suggested to be used in raised face
flanges. The gasket is typically designed and sized per EN12560-
6 spec for ASME B16.5 flanges, but can be manufactured to fit other standards.
Kammpro LP3 utilizes a loose fit guide ring. This popular

design is preferred for nominal pipe size and pressure class
raised face flanges and is used in equipment with excessive
radial shear characteristics, thermal cycling, and expansions. The gasket is typically designed
and sized per EN12560-6 spec for ASME B16.5 flanges, but can be manufactured to fit other
standards.
Kammpro-HTG is a problem solver for higher operating

temperature scenarios. It utilizes sections of high performance
mica/phyllosilicate that protect oxidation resistant grade graphite and shields it from contact
with oxidizers. Lamons Kammpro-HTG represents the best technology available in regards
to torque retention and sealing ability at elevated temperatures. Lamons Kammpro HTG
gaskets can be applied to high temperature applications to 1500°F (850°C) or higher,
depending on operating conditions.

83
Kammpro ACHE is specifically designed to replace traditional solid metal
“washer” type gaskets typically used in air cooled heat exchangers. The design takes
advantage of the serrated profile with graphite facing to bite against the finish of the
header plate.
Kammpro Dual Seal gaskets are designed

to mate with leak detection devices incorporated
into flanged assemblies used in critical applications,
such as lethal service. This highly effective gasket
has a primary seal followed towards the outer
portion of the sealing area by a relief section with
through holes, where the leak detection equipment
is mounted. Past this relief section is a secondary
sealing area that will maintain the integrity of the
bolted joint should the primary seal be compromised
and pressure differential is identified.
Dimensions for Kammpro LP3/LP2 per EN 12560 -6

to Suit ASME B16.5 Flanges (Inches)

Nominal Pipe Core Inside Core Outside
Class 150 Class 300 Class 400 Class 600 Class 900 Class 1500 Class 2500
Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD)
Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches Inches
1/2 0.91 1.31 1.75 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.37 2.37 2.63
3/4 1.13 1.56 2.12 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.63 2.63 2.87
1 1.44 1.87 2.50 2.75 2.75 2.75 3.00 3.00 3.25
1 1/4 1.75 2.37 2.87 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.37 3.37 4.00
1 1/2 2.06 2.75 3.25 3.63 3.63 3.63 3.75 3.75 4.50
2 2.75 3.50 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.25 5.50 5.50 5.62
2 1/2 3.25 4.00 4.75 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.37 6.37 6.50
3 3.87 4.87 5.25 5.75 5.75 5.75 6.50 6.75 7.63
3 1/2 4.37 5.37 6.25 6.37 6.25 6.25 - - -
4 4.87 6.06 6.75 7.00 6.87 7.50 8.00 8.13 9.12
5 5.94 7.19 7.63 8.37 8.25 9.37 9.63 9.87 10.87
6 7.00 8.37 8.63 9.75 9.63 10.37 11.25 11.00 12.37
8 9.00 10.50 10.87 12.00 11.87 12.50 14.00 9.81 15.12
10 11.13 12.63 13.25 14.13 14.00 15.63 17.00 17.00 18.62
12 13.37 14.87 16.00 16.50 16.37 17.87 19.50 20.37 21.50
14 14.63 16.13 17.63 19.00 18.87 19.25 20.37 22.63 -
16 16.63 18.37 20.13 21.13 21.00 22.12 22.50 25.12 -
18 18.87 20.87 21.50 23.37 23.25 24.00 25.00 27.63 -
20 20.87 22.87 23.75 25.63 25.37 26.75 27.37 29.62 -
22 22.87 24.87 25.87 27.63 27.50 28.75 - -
24 24.87 26.87 28.13 30.37 30.13 31.00 32.87 35.37 -

Dimensions for Kammpro LP3/LP2 per EN 12560-6
to Suit ASME B16.5 Flanges (Millimeters)

Nominal Pipe Core Inside Core Outside
Class 150 Class 300 Class 400 Class 600 Class 900 Class 1500 Class 2500
Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) Diameter (OD)
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
1/2 23.0 33.3 44.4 50.8 50.8 50.8 60.3 60.3 66.7
3/4 28.6 39.7 53.9 63.5 63.5 63.5 66.7 66.7 73.0
1 36.5 47.6 63.5 69.8 69.8 69.8 76.2 76.2 82.5
1 1/4 44.4 60.3 73.0 79.4 79.4 79.4 85.7 85.7 101.6
1 1/2 52.4 69.8 82.5 92.1 92.1 92.1 95.2 95.2 114.3
2 69.8 88.9 101.6 108.0 108.0 108.0 139.7 139.7 142.8
2 1/2 82.5 101.6 120.6 127.0 127.0 127.0 161.9 161.9 165.1
3 98.4 123.8 133.4 146.1 146.1 146.1 165.1 171.5 193.7
3 1/2 111.1 136.5 158.8 161.9 158.7 158.7 - - -
4 123.8 154.0 171.5 177.8 174.6 190.5 203.2 206.4 231.7
5 150.8 182.6 193.7 212.7 209.5 238.1 244.5 250.8 276.2
6 177.8 212.7 219.1 247.7 244.5 263.5 285.8 279.4 314.3
8 228.6 266.7 276.2 304.8 301.6 317.5 355.6 249.3 384.1
10 282.6 320.7 336.5 358.8 355.6 396.9 431.8 431.8 473.0
12 339.7 377.8 406.4 419.1 415.9 454.0 495.3 517.5 546.1
14 371.5 409.6 447.7 482.6 479.4 488.9 517.5 574.7 -
16 422.3 466.7 511.2 536.6 533.4 561.9 571.5 638.1 -
18 479.4 530.2 546.1 593.7 590.5 609.6 635.0 701.7 -
20 530.2 581.0 603.2 650.9 644.5 679.5 695.3 752.4 -
22 581.0 631.8 657.2 701.7 698.5 730.3 - - -
24 631.8 682.6 714.4 771.5 765.2 787.4 835.0 898.5 -

85
Dimensions for Kammpro LP3/LP2 per EN 1514 - 6 to
Suit Type A and B Flanges Facings (Inches)
Core Core Outside Diameter (OD) Guide Ring Outside Diameter (OD)
DN Inside
PN10/40 PN 64/160 PN 250/400 PN 10 PN 16 PN 25 PN 40 PN 64 PN 100 PN 160 PN 250 PN 320 PN 400
Diameter
mm Inches Inches Inches
10 0.87 See PN 64 to See PN 250 1.42 1.81 1.81 1.81 1.81 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.64 2.64 2.64
15 1.02 PN 160 to PN 400 1.65 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.83 2.83 --
20 1.22 1.85 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 -- -- -- -- -- --
25 1.42 2.05 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.27 3.62 4.09
32 1.81 2.44 2.60 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 -- -- -- -- -- --
40 2.09 2.72 2.87 3.62 3.62 3.62 3.62 4.06 4.06 4.06 4.29 4.69 5.31
50 2.56 3.19 3.43 4.21 4.21 4.21 4.21 4.45 4.69 4.69 4.88 5.28 5.91
65 3.19 3.94 4.06 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.39 5.63 5.63 6.02 6.69 7.56
80 3.74 4.53 4.76 5.59 5.59 5.59 5.59 5.83 6.06 6.06 6.69 7.48 8.15
100 4.65 5.43 5.75 6.38 6.38 6.61 6.61 6.85 7.09 7.09 7.95 9.02 10.08
125 5.59 6.38 7.01 7.56 7.56 7.64 7.64 8.27 8.54 8.54 9.53 10.79 11.85
150 6.69 7.48 8.35 8.54 8.54 8.82 8.82 9.72 10.12 10.12 11.18 12.24 13.70
175 7.68 8.46 9.65 9.72 9.72 10.00 10.43 10.91 11.30 11.18 12.44 14.09 15.83
200 8.66 9.45 9.76 11.02 10.71 10.71 11.18 11.42 12.17 12.76 12.76 14.09 15.67 17.40
250 10.63 11.42 11.81 13.39 12.87 12.91 13.39 13.86 14.33 15.39 15.28 17.40 19.21 --
300 12.60 13.39 14.02 15.75 14.84 15.08 15.75 16.42 16.69 18.03 18.03 21.10 -- --
350 14.76 15.55 16.34 -- 17.20 17.44 17.99 18.66 19.13 20.16 -- -- -- --
400 16.77 17.72 18.66 -- 19.25 19.49 20.24 21.50 21.38 22.52 -- -- -- --
450 18.90 19.92 -- -- 21.22 21.85 -- 22.48 -- -- -- -- -- --
500 20.87 22.05 23.15 -- 23.39 24.29 24.57 24.72 25.87 27.72 -- -- -- --
600 24.80 26.14 27.56 -- 27.36 28.90 28.78 29.41 30.08 32.01 -- -- -- --
700 28.74 30.31 31.97 -- 31.89 31.65 32.80 33.54 34.61 37.40 -- -- -- --
800 32.68 34.49 34.88 -- 36.10 35.87 37.09 38.35 38.90 -- -- -- -- --
900 36.61 38.66 39.13 -- 40.04 39.80 41.02 42.68 43.62 -- -- -- -- --
1000 40.94 43.23 43.70 -- 44.25 44.41 45.43 47.01 48.03 -- -- -- -- --
1200 49.21 51.97 52.52 -- 52.80 52.83 53.70 55.04 57.17 -- -- -- -- --
1400 56.69 59.92 -- -- 60.94 60.71 62.13 63.70 -- -- -- -- -- --
1600 64.96 6.77 -- -- 69.76 69.45 70.79 72.05 -- -- -- -- -- --
1800 72.83 75.35 -- -- 77.64 77.32 78.74 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2000 80.71 83.46 -- -- 85.91 85.35 87.80 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2200 88.58 91.65 -- -- 93.86 93.62 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2400 96.85 98.90 -- -- 102.13 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2600 105.12 107.40 -- -- 110.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2800 113.78 116.22 -- -- 118.66 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
3000 122.05 124.65 -- -- 127.09 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Dimensions for Kammpro LP3/ LP2 per EN 1514 - 6 to
Suit Type A and B Flanges Facings (Millimeters)
Core Inside Core Outside Diameter (OD) Guide Ring Outside Diameter (OD)
DN Diameter
PN 10/40 PN 64/160 PN 250/400 PN 10 PN 16 PN 25 PN 40 PN 64 PN 100 PN 160 PN 250 PN 320 PN 400
(ID)
mm mm mm mm
10 22 See PN 64 to See PN 250 36 46 46 46 46 56 56 56 67 67 67
15 26 PN 160 to PN 400 42 51 51 51 51 61 61 61 72 72 --
20 31 47 61 61 61 61 -- -- -- -- -- --
25 36 52 71 71 71 71 82 82 82 83 92 104
32 46 62 66 82 82 82 82 -- -- -- -- -- --
40 53 69 73 92 92 92 92 103 103 103 109 119 135
50 65 81 87 107 107 107 107 113 119 119 124 134 150
65 81 100 103 127 127 127 127 137 143 143 153 170 192
80 95 115 121 142 142 142 142 148 154 154 170 190 207
100 118 138 146 162 162 168 168 174 180 180 202 229 256
125 142 162 178 192 192 194 194 210 217 217 242 274 301
150 170 190 212 217 217 224 224 247 257 257 284 311 348
175 195 215 245 247 247 254 265 277 287 284 316 358 402
200 220 240 248 280 272 272 284 290 309 324 324 358 398 442
250 270 290 300 340 327 328 340 352 364 391 388 442 488 --
300 320 340 356 400 377 383 400 417 424 458 458 536 -- --
350 375 395 415 -- 437 443 457 474 486 512 -- -- -- --
400 426 450 474 -- 489 495 514 546 543 572 -- -- -- --
450 480 506 -- -- 539 555 -- 571 -- -- -- -- -- --
500 530 560 588 -- 594 617 624 628 657 704 -- -- -- --
600 630 664 700 -- 695 734 731 747 764 813 -- -- -- --
700 730 770 812 -- 810 804 833 852 879 950 -- -- -- --
800 830 876 886 -- 917 911 942 974 988 -- -- -- -- --
900 930 982 994 -- 1017 1011 1042 1084 1108 -- -- -- -- --
1000 1040 1098 1110 -- 1124 1128 1154 1194 1220 -- -- -- -- --
1200 1250 1320 1334 -- 1341 1342 1364 1398 1452 -- -- -- -- --
1400 1440 1522 -- -- 1548 1542 1578 1618 -- -- -- -- -- --
1600 1650 172 -- -- 1772 1764 1798 1830 -- -- -- -- -- --
1800 1850 1914 -- -- 1972 1964 2000 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2000 2050 2120 -- -- 2182 2168 2230 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2200 2250 2328 -- -- 2384 2378 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2400 2460 2512 -- -- 2594 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2600 2670 2728 -- -- 2794 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2800 2890 2952 -- -- 3014 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
3000 3100 3166 -- -- 3228 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

87
A note on Kammpro gasket dimensions
Kammpro gaskets are an ideal upgrade for equipment applications where standard spiral
wound gaskets, double jacketed designs, and corrugated metallic gaskets are commonly used.
Kammpro LP1 dimensions can be the same as Style W or Style 300/310 gaskets that are
seated in large male/female, large tongue/groove, and small tongue/groove joints. Technically,
the dimensions that are specified for large spiral wound ASME B16.20 for ASME B16.47
Series A and B flanges can still apply for the Kammpro Gaskets per LP3/LP2 design.
Kammpro LP3/LP2 Tolerances per EN 12560-6 Specification:

• Core inside diameter for NPS ½ to 24 is +1/64”, - 0” (+0.4 mm, - 0 mm)
• Core outside diameter for NPS ½ to 24 is +0”, -1/64” (+0 mm, - 0.4 mm)
• Guide ring outside diameter for NPS ½ to 24 is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)
Kammpro LP3/LP2 Tolerances per EN 1514-6 Specification:

• Core inside diameter for DN 10 through DN 1000 is +1/64”, - 0” (+0.4 mm, - 0 mm)
• Core outside diameter for DN 10 through DN 1000 is +0”, -1/64” (+0 mm, - 0.4 mm)
• Core inside diameter for DN 1000 and larger is +3/64”, -0” (+1.0 mm, - 0 mm)
• Core outside diameter for DN 1000 and larger is +0”, -3/64” (+0 mm, - 1.0mm)
• Guide ring outside diameter is ±1/32” (±0.8 mm)

Lamons Corrugated Metal Gaskets
(CMG ) Product Family
®
Lamons CMG gaskets are considered the standard

in respect to corrugated metal gasket technology.
They are an excellent choice for 150 and 300 class
ASME flanges where available bolt loading is minimal.
The substrate geometry promotes recovery and
resilience through thermal cycles and extended
service life. CMG’s can be direct replacements
for spiral wound gaskets and can eliminate inward
buckling issues while creating a seal at moderate
flange stresses. Available in a wide range of substrate
alloys and covering layer options, CMG gaskets can
be utilized to solve many common flange problems.
CMG substrate geometries are designed to achieve
maximum recovery characteristics. A specific pitch,
core thickness and wall angle are engineered to
maximize the seal’s ability to overcome problems
associated with joint relaxation, pressure and
thermal cycles. CMG is an excellent choice for
pressure classes 150 and 300 ASME B16.5 flanges
where available load is minimal.
CMG
Lamons Corrugated Metal Gasket (CMG) is a high perfor-
mance gasket for standard flange or heat exchanger appli-
cations. The CMG molds in place by filling in irregularities of the spaces, creating a superior seal.
It maintains the seal even in harsh environments, including hydrocarbons and steam applications.
The gasket is ideal where low bolt load is present or where high gasket stresses are available. The
thin profile is beneficial in areas where flange separation is limited. The heavy 22 gauge core and
1/8” (3.175 mm) pitch frequency results in superior recovery and crush resistance in the most
demanding applications.
CMG -EX
Lamons CMG-EX gasket is a premium variation of Lamons
original CMG gasket. The CMG-EX was designed specifically
for heat exchanger applications and provides superior performance in cyclic applications and
where a high level of radial shear is present. Differential movement between flanges can cause
tremendous relaxation issues on traditional heat exchanger gaskets. This problem is addressed in
the design of the CMG-EX gasket, as it maintains a highest degree of tightness through operation
and the full cycle event.
CMGT
Lamons CMGT style gasket maintains the same distinctive
performance of the CMG, but provides an additional level
of chemical resistance by utilizing a PTFE inner ring. Premium flexible graphite covering layers
are used over a corrugated substrate with a PTFE facing covering the inner perimeter of the
gasket. This configuration allows the user to maintain a “fire safe” design but have the benefits
of additional chemical resistance with less potential of graphite contamination in their process.

89
CMG - PTFE
Lamons CMG-PTFE gasket is also based upon the same
design as the CMG, but utilizes full expanded PTFE covering
layers. This design is commonly used in FRP or plastic piping where low available load is critical.
Premium chemical resistance is realized by the pure PTFE facings, and a variety of metallurgical
substrates can be used to match the piping system. The same proprietary substrate geometry is
utilized to optimize recovery and resilience.
CMG-HTG
Lamons CMG-HTG offers rebound and a recovery
characteristics where movement between the flanges
is a concern, and oxidation of the graphite facing is a potential at elevated temperatures.
Lamons CMG-HTG (high temperature gasket) is configured such that the sealing benefit of
graphite is included, and is protected with oxidation-resistant barriers of mica material.
Dimensions for Corrugated Metal Gasket (CMG)

INSIDE DIAMETER (ID)

OUTSIDE DIAMETER (OD)
Class 150 Class 300

Nominal Nominal
Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Inside Diameter Outside Diameter
Pipe Size Pipe Size
(ID) (OD) (ID) (OD)
(NPS) (NPS)
1/2 0.84 21 1.88 48 1/2 0.84 21 2.12 54
3/4 1.06 27 2.25 57 3/4 1.06 27 2.62 67
1 1.31 33 2.62 67 1 1.31 33 2.88 73
1 1/4 1.66 42 3.00 76 1 1/4 1.66 42 3.25 83
1 1/2 1.91 49 3.38 86 1 1/2 1.91 49 3.75 95
2 2.38 60 4.12 105 2 2.38 60 4.38 111
2 1/2 2.88 73 4.88 124 2 1/2 2.88 73 5.12 130
3 3.50 89 5.38 137 3 3.50 89 5.88 149
3 1/2 4.00 102 6.38 162 3 1/2 4.00 102 6.50 165
4 4.50 114 6.88 175 4 4.50 114 7.12 181
5 5.56 141 7.75 197 5 5.56 141 8.50 216
6 6.62 168 8.75 222 6 6.62 168 9.88 251
8 8.62 219 11.00 279 8 8.62 219 12.12 308
10 10.75 273 13.38 340 10 10.75 273 14.25 362
12 12.75 324 16.13 410 12 12.75 324 16.62 422
14 14.00 356 17.75 451 14 14.00 356 19.12 486
16 16.00 406 20.25 514 16 16.00 406 21.25 540
18 18.00 457 21.62 549 18 18.00 457 23.50 597
20 20.00 508 23.88 607 20 20.00 508 25.75 654
24 24.00 610 28.25 718 24 24.00 610 30.50 775

Lamons Heat Exchanger Specifications
CL øA øBHD øA
CL
øB
øB R
øBCD
D
CL CL
F D
Information required to fill an order: CL øA

øB
• Gasket shape per the standard shape index
• Metal material
• Filler/facing material D
• Thickness
Dimensions required to fill an order: E
CL
A: Outside Diameter (OD)
B: Inside Diameter (ID) F
D: Pass partition width
E: Distance from centerline of gasket to
centerline of first pass partition
F: Distance from centerline of gasket to
centerline of second pass partition
G: Distance from centerline of gasket to
centerline of third pass partition G H
H: Distance from centerline of gasket to
centerline of fourth pass partition
BCD: Bolt Circle Diameter
BHD: Bolt Hole Diameter
R: Radius
Number of bolt holes
(for full face gasket shape)

91
Lamons Heat Exchanger Gaskets
Standard shape index
R C-1 C-2 D-1 D-2 E-1 E-2 E-3
E-4 F-1 F-2 F-3 G-1 G-2 G-3 G-4
G-5 G-6 G-7 G-8 G-9 H-1 H-2 H-3
H-4 H-5 H-6 H-7 H-8 H-9 H-10 H-11
H-12 I-1 I-2 I-3 I-4 I-5 I-6 I-7
I-8 I-9 I-10 I-11 J-1 J-2 J-3 J-4
J-5 J-6 J-7 J-8 K-1 K-2 K-3 K-4

Lamons Metal & Jacketed Gasket
Product Family
Lamons jacketed gaskets are normally supplied
with a non-asbestos, high temperature filler.
The standard filler is normally sufficient for
applications up to 900°F (482°C). Other soft
fillers are available for higher temperatures or
special applications. Standard metals used to
make jacketed gaskets, regardless of the type,
are aluminum, copper, the various brasses, soft
steel, nickel, Monel®, Inconel®, and stainless
steel types 304, 316, 321, 347, 410. The choice
of metal used for the jacketed part of gasket
would depend upon the service conditions being
encountered.
Style 300 Double Jacketed Gasket

Double jacketed gaskets are most commonly used in heat
exchanger applications. They are available in virtually any material
that is commercially found in 26 gauge sheet. They are also used in standard flanges where
the service is not critical and at temperatures beyond which a soft gasket can be used. Since
most double jacketed gaskets are custom made, there is virtually no limit to the size, shape or
configuration in which these gaskets can be made. This particular type of gasket can be used in
a myriad of applications. Since the size and shape are not a problem and since most materials
can be obtained commercially, this particular gasket style is popular. It must be remembered
that the primary seal against leakage, using a double jacketed gasket, is the metal inner lap
where the gasket is thickest before being compressed and densest when compressed. This
particular section flows, affecting the seal. As a consequence, the entire inner lap must be under
compression. Frequently, the outer lap is not under compression and does not aid in the sealing
of the gasket. On most heat exchanger applications the outer lap is also under compression,
providing a secondary seal. The intermediate part of a double-jacketed gasket does very little
to effect the sealing capability of the gasket. In some cases, nubbins are provided on heat
exchanger designs to provide an intermediate seal. This nubbin is normally 1/64” (0.4 mm)
high by 1/8” (3 mm) wide. Experience has indicated, however, that there is little advantage to
this particular design. The primary seal is still dependent on the inner lap of the gasket doing
the brute work and the secondary seal, when applicable, would be provided by the outer lap.
Style 310 Plain Flat Metal Gaskets

Flat metal gaskets are best suited for applications such as valve
bonnets, ammonia fittings, heat exchangers, hydraulic presses,
tongue-and-groove joints. They can be used when compressibility is not required to compensate
for flange surface finish, warpage or misalignment, and where sufficient clamping force is
available to seat the particular metal selected. They must be sealed by the flow of the gasket
metal into the imperfections on the gasket seating surfaces of the flange. This typically requires
heavy compressive forces. The hardness of gasket metal must be less than the hardness of the
flanges to prevent damage to the gasket seating surface of the flange. Flat metal gaskets are
relatively inexpensive to produce and can be made of virtually any material that is available
in sheet form. Size limitation is normally restricted to the sheet size. Larger gaskets can be
fabricated by welding.
Note: Monel® and Inconel® are registered trademarks of Special Metals Corporation.

93
Style 320 Round Cross Section,
Solid Metal Gaskets
Round cross section solid metal gaskets are used on specifically designed
flanges grooved or otherwise faced to accurately locate the gasket during
assembly. These gaskets seal by a line contact which provides an initial high
seating stress at low bolt loads. This makes an ideal gasket for low pressures.
The more common materials used for this type of gasket would be aluminum, copper, soft
iron or steel, Monel, nickel, and 300 series stainless steels. They are fabricated from wire,
formed to size and welded. The weld is then polished to the exact wire diameter.
Style 333 Double Jacketed

Corrugated Gasket
The double jacketed corrugated gasket is an improvement on a
plain jacketed gasket in that the corrugations on the gasket will
provide an additional labyrinth seal. It also provides the advantage
of reducing the contact area of the gasket, enhancing its compressive characteristics. A
double jacketed corrugated gasket still relies on the primary seal on the inner lap.
Style 340 Double Jacketed Corrugated

Gasket with a Corrugated Metal Filler
At temperatures in excess of the range of 900°F (483°C) to
1000°F (538°C) where the standard soft filler is normally not
recommended, a double jacketed corrugated metal gasket with a corrugated metal filler can
be beneficial. This construction has the advantages of the double jacketed corrugated metal
gasket and, in addition, since the filler is normally the same material as the gasket itself, the
upper temperature limit would be determined by the metal being used. This type of gasket,
depending upon metal selected, is designed to be a heat exchanger gasket for high pressure,
high temperature applications.
Style 341 Double Jacketed Corrugated Gasket

with Corrugated Metal Filler
Style 341 is the same general configuration as the Style 340,
specifically using a 1/32” (0.8 mm) thick corrugated metal filler.
In addition, 0.015” (0.4 mm) thick flexible graphite will be applied
to both top/bottom
Style 344 Profile Gaskets

Profile type gaskets offer the desirable qualities of plain washer types and
the added advantage of a reduced contact area provided by the V-shaped
surface. It is used when a solid metal gasket is required because of pressure
or temperature or because of the highly corrosive effect of the fluid to be
contained and also when bolting is not sufficient to seat a flat washer.
Style 345/346 A Profile Gasket

with a Metal Jacket 345
If flange conditions require a profile type gasket, but flange
protection is required as well, the profile gasket may be supplied
with either a single jacketed or a double jacketed shield. This will 346
provide protection for the flanges and will minimize damage to
the flange faces due to the profile surface.

French Type Gaskets
French type gaskets are available in a one-piece jacketed
construction for narrow radial widths not exceeding 1/4” (6.35
mm) and in two and three-piece constructions. This type of gasket
can also be used with the jacket on the external edge of the gasket
when the application requires the outer edge of the gasket to
be exposed to fluid pressure. The most widely used French type
gaskets are fabricated using a copper sheath. The double jacketed
construction is preferred over the French or single jacketed
construction, where practical, since it provides a totally sheathed
gasket with none of the soft filler exposed.
Style 350 Single Jacketed Gasket

The majority of applications for single jacketed gaskets are normally
1/4” (6.35 mm) or less in radial width. This type of gasket is used in
air tool applications and engine applications where space is limited,
gasket seating surfaces are narrow and relatively low compressive
forces are available for seating the gasket.
Style 382 Single Jacketed Overlap

In the single-jacketed overlap construction the maximum flange
width is approximately 1/4” (6.4 mm). This type of gasket is
used when total enclosure of the soft filler material is required
and when the flange width makes it impractical to use a double
jacketed gasket
Style 375 Double Jacketed Double Shell Gasket

The double-jacketed, double-shelled gasket is similar to the double
jacketed gasket except that instead of using a shell and a liner, two
shells are used in the fabrication of the gasket. It has the advantage
of a double lap at both the ID and the OD of the gasket, adding greater stability to the gasket.
The construction will withstand higher compressive loads. Double-shell gaskets are normally
restricted to use in high pressure applications.
Style 395 Modified French Type

This particular type of gasket is normally used with very light flanges
on duct work handling hot gases. Its construction consists of two
French type shields welded together with a Cerafelt filler material on
either side of the metal. Metal thickness is normally 26 gauge, rolled
on the ID to act as a shield.
Style 370 Corrugated Gasket

The Style 370 includes adhering non-asbestos material strips or
fiberglass cord to the corrugated faces – typically in the “valleys”.
Note: Without exception all of the solid metal gaskets require a very fine surface finish on the
flanges. A flange with a flange surface roughness of 63 AARH or smoother is desired. Under
no circumstances should the surface finish exceed 125 AARH. In addition, radial gouges or
scores would be almost impossible to seal using solid metal gaskets.

95
Dimensions for Double Jacketed (DJ) Gaskets per
ASME B16.20 to Suit ASME B16.5 Flanges

Gasket Outside Diameter (OD) by Class (1)

Nominal Pipe Gasket Inside
150 300 400 (2) 600
Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) (1)
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
1/2 0.880 22.4 1.750 44.5 2.000 50.8 -- -- 2.000 50.8
3/4 1.130 28.7 2.130 54.1 2.500 63.5 -- -- 2.500 63.5
1 1.500 38.1 2.500 63.5 2.750 69.9 -- -- 2.750 69.9
1 1/4 1.880 47.8 2.880 73.2 3.130 79.5 -- -- 3.130 79.5
1 1/2 2.130 54.1 3.250 82.6 3.630 92.2 -- -- 3.630 92.2
2 2.880 73.2 4.000 101.6 4.250 108.0 -- -- 4.250 108.0
2 1/2 3.380 85.9 4.750 120.7 5.000 127.0 -- -- 5.000 127.0
3 4.250 108.0 5.250 133.4 5.750 146.1 -- -- 5.750 146.1
4 5.190 131.8 6.750 171.5 7.000 177.8 6.880 174.8 7.500 190.5
5 6.000 152.4 7.630 193.8 8.380 212.9 8.250 209.6 9.380 238.3
6 7.500 190.5 8.630 219.2 9.750 247.7 9.630 244.6 10.380 263.7
8 9.380 238.3 10.880 276.4 12.000 304.8 11.880 301.8 12.500 317.5
10 11.250 285.8 13.250 336.6 14.130 358.9 14.000 355.6 15.630 397.0
12 13.500 342.9 16.000 406.4 16.500 419.1 16.380 416.1 17.880 454.2
14 14.750 374.7 17.630 447.8 19.000 482.6 18.880 479.6 19.250 489.0
16 16.750 425.5 20.130 511.3 21.130 536.7 21.000 533.4 22.130 562.1
18 19.250 489.0 21.500 546.1 23.380 593.9 23.250 590.6 24.000 609.6
20 21.000 533.4 23.750 603.3 25.630 651.0 25.380 644.7 26.750 679.5
24 25.250 641.4 28.130 714.5 30.380 771.7 30.130 765.3 31.000 787.4
Gasket Outside Diameter (OD) by Class (1) General Note:

Gasket Inside
The gasket thickness tolerance
Nominal Pipe
900 (3) 1500 2500 (4) is (+0.03 in., - 0.000 in.)
Size (NPS) Diameter (ID) (1)
(+0.8 mm, - 0.0 mm)
1/2 0.880 22.4 -- -- 2.380 60.5 2.630 66.8 Note:
3/4 1.130 28.7 -- -- 2.630 66.8 2.880 73.2 (1) For gaskets NPS 1/2
1 1.500 38.1 -- -- 3.000 76.2 3.250 82.6 through NPS 24, the outside
1 1/4 1.880 47.8 -- -- 3.380 85.9 4.000 101.6 and inside diameter
1 1/2 2.130 54.1 -- -- 3.750 95.3 4.500 114.3 tolerances are
2 2.880 73.2 -- -- 5.500 139.7 5.630 143.0 +0.06 in, - 0.0 in.
2 1/2 3.380 85.9 -- -- 6.380 162.1 6.500 165.1 (+1.5 mm, - 0.0 mm)
3 4.250 108.0 6.500 165.1 6.750 171.5 7.630 193.8
(2) There are no Class 400
4 5.190 131.8 8.000 203.2 8.130 206.5 9.130 231.9
flanges for NPS 1/2 through
5 6.000 152.4 9.630 244.6 9.880 251.0 10.880 276.4
NPS 3 (use Class 600)
6 7.500 190.5 11.250 285.8 11.000 279.4 12.380 314.5
8 9.380 238.3 14.000 355.6 13.750 349.3 15.130 384.3 (3) There are no Class 900
10 11.250 285.8 17.000 431.8 17.000 431.8 18.630 473.2 flanges for NPS 1/2 through
12 13.500 342.9 19.500 495.3 20.380 517.7 21.500 546.1 NPS 2 1/2 (use Class 1500)
14 14.750 374.7 20.380 517.7 22.630 574.8 -- --
16 16.750 425.5 22.500 571.5 25.130 638.3 -- -- (4) There are no Class 2500
18 19.250 489.0 25.000 635.0 27.630 701.8 -- -- flanges NPS 14 and larger
20 21.000 533.4 27.380 695.5 29.630 752.6 -- --
24 25.250 641.4 32.880 835.2 35.380 898.7 -- --

ASME B16.20 to Suit ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges

Outside Diameter
(OD) by Class (1)
Nominal Inside Diameter
Class 150 Class 300 Class 400 (2)
Pipe Size (ID) (1)
(NPS) Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
26 26.50 673.1 30.38 771.7 32.75 831.9 32.63 828.8
28 28.50 723.9 32.63 828.8 35.25 895.4 35.00 889.0
30 30.50 774.7 34.63 879.6 37.38 949.5 37.13 943.1
32 32.50 825.5 36.88 936.8 39.50 1003.3 39.38 1000.3
34 34.50 876.3 38.88 987.6 41.50 1054.1 41.38 1051.1
36 36.50 927.1 41.13 1044.7 43.88 1114.6 43.88 1114.6
38 38.50 977.9 43.63 1108.2 41.38 1051.1 42.13 1070.1
40 40.50 1028.7 45.63 1159.0 43.75 1111.3 44.25 1124.0
42 42.50 1079.5 47.88 1216.2 45.75 1162.1 46.25 1174.8
44 44.50 1130.3 50.13 1273.3 47.88 1216.2 48.38 1228.9
46 46.50 1181.1 52.13 1324.1 50.00 1270.0 50.63 1286.0
48 48.50 1231.9 54.38 1381.3 52.00 1320.8 52.88 1343.2
50 50.50 1282.7 56.38 1432.1 54.13 1374.9 55.13 1400.3
52 52.50 1333.5 58.63 1489.2 56.13 1425.7 57.13 1451.1
54 54.50 1384.3 60.88 1546.4 58.63 1489.2 59.63 1514.6
56 56.50 1435.1 63.13 1603.5 60.63 1540.0 61.63 1565.4
58 58.50 1485.9 65.38 1660.7 62.63 1590.8 63.63 1616.2
60 60.50 1536.7 67.38 1711.5 64.63 1641.6 66.13 1679.7
Outside Diameter General Note:

(OD) by Class (1) The gasket thickness tolerance
Nominal Inside Diameter is +0.03 in, -0.000 in
Class 600 Class 900 (2) (+0.8 mm, -0.0 mm)
Pipe Size (ID) (1)
Notes:
26 26.50 673.1 34.00 863.6 34.63 879.6
(1) For gaskets NPS 26 through
28 28.50 723.9 35.88 911.4 37.13 943.1
NPS 60, the outside diameter
30 30.50 774.7 38.13 968.5 39.63 1006.6 and inside diameter tolerances
32 32.50 825.5 40.13 1019.3 42.13 1070.1 are +0.13 in, -0.000 in
34 34.50 876.3 42.13 1070.1 44.63 1133.6 (+3.3 mm, -0.0 mm).
36 36.50 927.1 44.38 1127.3 47.13 1197.1
38 38.50 977.9 43.38 1101.9 47.13 1197.1 (2) There are no Class 900
40 40.50 1028.7 45.38 1152.7 49.13 1247.9 flanges for NPS 50 and larger.
42 42.50 1079.5 47.88 1216.2 51.13 1298.7
44 44.50 1130.3 49.88 1267.0 53.75 1365.3
46 46.50 1181.1 52.13 1324.1 56.38 1432.1
48 48.50 1231.9 54.63 1387.6 58.38 1482.9
50 50.50 1282.7 56.88 1444.8 -- --
52 52.50 1333.5 58.88 1495.6 -- --
54 54.50 1384.3 61.13 1552.7 -- --
56 56.50 1435.1 63.13 1603.5 -- --
58 58.50 1485.9 65.38 1660.7 -- --
60 60.50 1536.7 68.13 1730.5 -- --

97
ASME B16.20 to Suit ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges

Outside Diameter
(OD) by Class (1)
Nominal Inside Diameter
Class 150 Class 300 Class 400 (2)
Pipe Size (ID) (1)
(NPS) Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
26 26.50 673.1 28.44 722.4 30.25 768.4 29.25 743.0
28 28.50 723.9 30.44 773.2 32.38 822.5 31.38 797.1
30 30.50 774.7 32.44 824.0 34.75 882.7 33.63 854.2
32 32.50 825.5 34.56 877.8 36.88 936.8 35.75 908.1
34 34.50 876.3 36.69 931.9 39.00 990.6 37.75 958.9
36 36.50 927.1 38.75 984.3 41.13 1044.7 40.13 1019.3
38 38.50 977.9 41.00 1041.4 43.13 1095.5 42.13 1070.1
40 40.50 1028.7 43.00 1092.2 45.13 1146.3 44.25 1124.0
42 42.50 1079.5 45.00 1143.0 47.13 1197.1 46.25 1174.8
44 44.50 1130.3 47.00 1193.8 49.13 1247.9 48.38 1228.9
46 46.50 1181.1 49.31 1252.5 51.75 1314.5 50.63 1286.0
48 48.50 1231.9 51.31 1303.3 53.75 1365.3 52.88 1343.2
50 50.50 1282.7 53.31 1354.1 55.75 1416.1 55.13 1400.3
52 52.50 1333.5 55.31 1404.9 57.75 1466.9 57.13 1451.1
54 54.50 1384.3 57.50 1460.5 60.13 1527.3 59.63 1514.6
56 56.50 1435.1 59.50 1511.3 62.63 1590.8 61.63 1565.4
58 58.50 1485.9 62.06 1576.3 65.06 1652.5 63.63 1616.2
60 60.50 1536.7 64.06 1627.1 67.06 1703.3 66.13 1679.7
Outside Diameter General Note:

(OD) by Class (1) The gasket thickness
Nominal Inside Diameter tolerance is
Class 600 Class 900 (2) +0.03 in, -0.000 in
Pipe Size (ID) (1)
(NPS) Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm (+0.8 mm, -0.0 mm)
26 26.50 673.1 30.00 762.0 32.88 835.2
Notes:
28 28.50 723.9 32.13 816.1 35.38 898.7
(1) For gaskets NPS 26 through
30 30.50 774.7 34.50 876.3 37.63 955.8 NPS 60, the outside diameter
32 32.50 825.5 36.63 930.4 39.88 1013.0 and inside diameter tolerances
34 34.50 876.3 39.13 993.9 42.13 1070.1 are +0.13 in, -0.000 in
36 36.50 927.1 41.13 1044.7 44.13 1120.9 (+3.3 mm, -0.0 mm)
38 38.50 977.9 43.38 1101.9 47.13 1197.1
40 40.50 1028.7 45.38 1152.7 49.13 1247.9 (2) There are no Class 900
42 42.50 1079.5 47.88 1216.2 51.13 1298.7 flanges for NPS 50 and larger.
44 44.50 1130.3 49.88 1267.0 53.75 1365.3
46 46.50 1181.1 52.13 1324.1 56.38 1432.1
48 48.50 1231.9 54.63 1387.6 58.38 1482.9
50 50.50 1282.7 56.88 1444.8 -- --
52 52.50 1333.5 58.88 1495.6 -- --
54 54.50 1384.3 61.13 1552.7 -- --
56 56.50 1435.1 63.13 1603.5 -- --
58 58.50 1485.9 65.38 1660.7 -- --
60 60.50 1536.7 68.13 1730.5 -- --

Section Three: Metallic Gaskets
Lamons Ring Type Joint (RTJ) Gasket

Product Family
Lamons manufactures and supplies a large variety of ring type joint gaskets. Lamons Ring
Type Joint (RTJ) standard size gaskets are manufactured in accordance to API 6A, API 17D
and ASME B16.20 specifications.
Oval (STYLE 377) Octagonal (STYLE 388)
Ring joint gaskets come in two basic types, an oval cross section (Style 377) and an octagonal
cross section (Style 388). These basic shapes are used in pressures up to 10,000 psi (64
MPa). The dimensions are standardized and require specially grooved flanges. The octagonal
cross section has a higher sealing efficiency than the oval and would be the preferred gasket.
However, only the oval cross section can be used in the old type round bottom groove. The
newer flat bottom groove design will accept either the oval or the octagonal cross section.
The sealing surfaces on the ring joint grooves must be smoothly finished to 63 micro inches
and be free of objectionable ridges, tool or chatter marks. RTJ assemblies seal by an initial
line contact or an edging action as the compressive forces are applied.
The hardness of the ring should always be less than the hardness of the flanges to prevent
flange deformation. Dimensions for standard ring joint gaskets and grooves are covered in
ASME B16.20 and API 6A, API 17D and ASME B16.5/B16.20.
Lamons stocks a wide range of sizes and materials ready for immediate shipment, from R11
to R105. Our extensive inventory of raw materials allows for best in class delivery of special
sizes and shapes. Please consult with Lamons Engineering for design of non-standard items.

99
Typical Ring Joint Gasket Materials
Maximum Maximum
Material Designation Hardness Hardness
Rockwell B Brinell
Soft Iron D 56 90
Low Carbon Steel S 68 120
4-6 Chrome F-5* 72 130
304 Stainless Steel S304 83 160
Alloy 625 INC 625 89 180
Alloy 825 INC 825 92 195
Other CRAs Hardness shall meet Lamons material specifications
*F-5 identification designates ASTM Specification
A 182 chemical composition requirements only

Size Designations for Oval or Octagonal Rings
Flange Pressure Class

Nominal API 6A (psi)
Pipe Size 150 300-600 900 1500 2500
2000 3000 5000
(NPS)
1/2 -- R-11 R-12 R-12 R-13 -- -- --
3/4 -- R-13 R-14 R-14 R-16 -- -- --
1 R-15 R-16 R-16 R-16 R-18 -- -- --
1 1/4 R-17 R-18 R-18 R-18 R-21 -- -- --
1 1/2 R-19 R-20 R-20 R-20 R-23 -- -- --
2 R-22 R-23 R-24 R-24 R-26 -- -- --
2 1/16 -- -- -- -- -- R-23 R-24
2 1/2 R-25 R-26 R-27 R-27 R-28 -- -- --
2 9/16 -- -- -- -- -- R-26 R-27
3 R-29 R-31 R-31 R-35 R-32 -- -- --
3 1/8 -- -- -- -- -- R-31 R-35
3 1/2 R-33 R-34 R-34 -- -- -- -- --
4 R-36 R-37 R-37 R-39 R-38 -- -- --
4 1/16 -- -- -- -- -- R-37 R-39
5 R-40 R-41 R-41 R-44 R-42 -- -- --
5 1/8 -- -- -- -- -- R-41 R-44
6 R-43 R-45 R-45 R-46 R-47 -- -- --
7 1/16 -- -- -- -- -- R-45 R-46
8 R-48 R-49 R-49 R-50 R-51 -- -- --
9 -- -- -- -- -- R-49 R-50
10 R-52 R-53 R-53 R-54 R-55 -- -- --
11 -- -- -- -- -- R-53 R-54
12 R-56 R-57 R-57 R-58 R-60 -- -- --
13 5/8 -- -- -- -- -- R-57
14 R-59 R-61 R-62 R-63 -- -- -- --
16 R-64 R-65 R-66 R-67 -- -- -- --
16 3/4 -- -- -- -- -- R-65
18 R-68 R-69 R-70 R-71 -- -- -- --
20 R-72 R-73 R-74 R-75 -- -- -- --
20 3/4 -- -- -- -- -- R74
21 1/4 -- -- -- -- -- R-73 -- --
22 R-80 R-81 -- -- -- -- -- --
24 R-76 R-77 R-78 R-79 -- -- -- --
26 -- R-93 R-100 -- -- -- -- --
28 -- R-94 R-101 -- -- -- -- --
30 -- R-95 R-102 -- -- -- -- --
32 -- R-96 R-103 -- -- -- -- --
34 -- R-97 R-104 -- -- -- -- --
36 -- R-98 R-105 -- -- -- -- --

101
Dimensions for Type R Octagonal and Oval Ring Gaskets
to Suit ASME B16.20 and API 6A
Height of Ring
Pitch Diameter of Width of Flat on Radius in Octagonal

Ring Width of Ring (A) Oval (B) Octagonal (H)
Ring (P) Octagonal Ring (C) Ring (R1)
Number
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
R-11 1.344 34.14 0.250 6.35 0.440 11.2 0.380 9.7 0.170 4.32 0.060 1.5
R-12 1.563 39.70 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-13 1.688 42.88 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-14 1.750 44.45 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-15 1.875 47.63 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-16 2.000 50.80 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-17 2.250 57.15 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-18 2.375 60.33 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-19 2.563 65.10 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-20 2.688 68.28 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-21 2.844 72.24 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-22 3.250 82.55 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-23 3.250 82.55 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-24 3.750 95.25 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-25 4.000 101.60 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-26 4.000 101.60 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-27 4.250 107.95 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-28 4.375 111.13 0.500 12.70 0.750 19.1 0.690 17.5 0.341 8.66 0.060 1.5
R-29 4.500 114.30 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-30 4.625 117.48 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-31 4.875 123.83 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-32 5.000 127.00 0.500 12.70 0.750 19.1 0.690 17.5 0.341 8.66 0.060 1.5
R-33 5.188 131.78 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-34 5.188 131.78 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-35 5.375 136.53 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-36 5.875 149.23 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-37 5.875 149.23 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-38 6.188 157.18 0.625 15.88 0.880 22.4 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-39 6.375 161.93 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-40 6.750 171.45 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-41 7.125 180.98 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-42 7.500 190.50 0.750 19.05 1.000 25.4 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-43 7.625 193.68 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-44 7.625 193.68 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-45 8.313 211.15 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-46 8.313 211.15 0.500 12.70 0.750 19.1 0.690 17.5 0.341 8.66 0.060 1.5
R-47 9.000 228.60 0.750 19.05 1.000 25.4 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-48 9.750 247.65 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-49 10.625 269.88 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-50 10.625 269.88 0.625 15.88 0.880 22.4 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-51 11.000 279.40 0.875 22.23 1.130 28.7 1.060 26.9 0.583 14.81 0.060 1.5
R-52 12.000 304.80 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-53 12.750 323.85 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-54 12.750 323.85 0.625 15.88 0.880 22.4 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-55 13.500 342.90 1.125 28.58 1.440 36.6 1.380 35.1 0.750 19.05 0.090 2.3
R-56 15.000 381.00 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-57 15.000 381.00 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
Tolerances:
P = average pitch diameter of ring, ± 0.007” (±0.18 mm)
A = width of ring, ± 0.008” (± 0.20 mm)
B, H = height of ring, (+ 0.05”, -0.02”) (+1.3 mm, -0.5 mm) Variation in height throughout the
entire circumference of any given ring shall not exceed 0.02” within these tolerances
C = width of flat on octagonal ring ± 0.008” (±0.20 mm)
B1 = radius in ring, ± 0.02” (± 0.5 mm)
23 deg = angle, ± 1/2 deg (± 0 deg 30min)
Octagonal

Dimensions for Type R Octagonal and Oval Ring Gaskets
per ASME B16.20 and API 6A
Height of Ring
Pitch Diameter of Width of Flat on Radius in Octagonal

Ring Width of Ring (A) Oval (B) Octagonal (H)
Ring (P) Octagonal Ring (C) Ring (R1)
Number
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
R-58 15.000 381.00 0.875 22.23 1.130 28.7 1.060 26.9 0.583 14.81 0.060 1.5
R-59 15.625 396.88 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-60 16.000 406.40 1.250 31.75 1.560 39.6 1.500 38.1 0.879 22.33 0.090 2.3
R-61 16.500 419.10 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-62 16.500 419.10 0.625 15.88 0.880 22.4 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-63 16.500 419.10 1.000 25.40 1.310 33.3 1.250 31.8 0.681 17.30 0.090 2.3
R-64 17.875 454.03 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-65 18.500 469.90 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-66 18.500 469.90 0.625 15.88 0.880 22.4 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-67 18.500 469.90 1.125 28.58 1.440 36.6 1.380 35.1 0.780 19.81 0.090 2.3
R-68 20.375 517.53 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-69 21.000 533.40 0.438 11.13 0.690 17.5 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-70 21.000 533.40 0.750 19.05 1.000 25.4 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-71 21.000 533.40 1.125 28.58 1.440 36.6 1.380 35.1 0.780 19.81 0.090 2.3
R-72 22.000 558.80 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-73 23.000 584.20 0.500 12.70 0.750 19.1 0.690 17.5 0.341 8.66 0.060 1.5
R-74 23.000 584.20 0.750 19.05 1.000 25.4 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-75 23.000 584.20 1.250 31.75 1.560 39.6 1.500 38.1 0.879 22.33 0.090 2.3
R-76 26.500 673.10 0.313 7.95 0.560 14.2 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-77 27.250 692.15 0.625 15.88 0.880 22.4 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-78 27.250 692.15 1.000 25.40 1.310 33.3 1.250 31.8 0.681 17.30 0.090 2.3
R-79 27.250 692.15 1.375 34.93 1.750 44.5 1.630 41.4 0.977 24.82 0.090 2.3
R-80 24.250 615.95 0.313 7.95 -- -- 0.500 12.7 0.206 5.23 0.060 1.5
R-81 25.000 635.00 0.563 14.30 -- -- 0.750 19.1 0.377 9.58 0.060 1.5
R-82 2.250 57.15 0.438 11.13 -- -- 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-84 2.500 63.50 0.438 11.13 -- -- 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-85 3.125 79.38 0.500 12.70 -- -- 0.690 17.5 0.341 8.66 0.060 1.5
R-86 3.563 90.50 0.625 15.88 -- -- 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-87 3.938 100.03 0.625 15.88 -- -- 0.810 20.6 0.413 10.49 0.060 1.5
R-88 4.875 123.83 0.750 19.05 -- -- 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-89 4.500 114.30 0.750 19.05 -- -- 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-90 6.125 155.58 0.875 22.23 -- -- 1.060 26.9 0.583 14.81 0.060 1.5
R-91 10.250 260.35 1.250 31.75 -- -- 1.500 38.1 0.879 22.33 0.090 2.3
R-92 9.000 228.60 0.438 11.13 0.690 -- 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-93 29.500 749.30 0.750 19.05 -- -- 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-94 31.500 800.10 0.750 19.05 -- -- 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-95 33.750 857.25 0.750 19.05 -- -- 0.940 23.9 0.485 12.32 0.060 1.5
R-96 36.000 914.40 0.875 22.23 -- -- 1.060 26.9 0.583 14.81 0.060 1.5
R-97 38.000 965.20 0.875 22.23 -- -- 1.060 26.9 0.583 14.81 0.060 1.5
R-98 40.250 1022.35 0.875 22.23 -- -- 1.060 26.9 0.583 14.81 0.060 1.5
R-99 9.250 234.95 0.438 11.13 -- -- 0.630 16.0 0.305 7.75 0.060 1.5
R-100 29.500 749.30 1.125 28.58 -- -- 1.380 35.1 0.780 19.81 0.090 2.3
R-101 31.500 800.10 1.250 31.75 -- -- 1.500 38.1 0.879 22.33 0.090 2.3
R-102 33.750 857.25 1.250 31.75 -- -- 1.500 38.1 0.879 22.33 0.090 2.3
R-103 36.000 914.40 1.250 31.75 -- -- 1.500 38.1 0.879 22.33 0.090 2.3
R-104 38.000 965.20 1.375 34.93 -- -- 1.630 41.4 0.977 24.82 0.090 2.3
R-105 40.250 1022.35 1.375 34.93 -- -- 1.630 41.4 0.977 24.82 0.090 2.3
Tolerances:
P = average pitch diameter of ring, ±0.007” (±0.18 mm)
A = width of ring, ±0.008” (±0.20 mm)
B, H = height of ring, (+0.05”, -0.02”) (+1.3 mm, -0.5 mm) Variation in height throughout
the entire circumference of any given ring shall not exceed 0.02” within these tolerances
C = width of flat on octagonal ring ±0.008” (±0.20 mm)
B1 = radius in ring, ±0.02” (±0.5 mm)
23 deg= angle, ±1/2 deg (±0 deg 30min)
Oval

103
RX Ring Designations for API 6B Flanges
RX ring gaskets are similar in shape to the standard octagonal ring joint gasket but
their cross section is designed to take advantage of the contained fluid pressure
in effecting a seal. They are made to API 6A and interchangeable with standard
octagonal rings for oil field drilling and production applications in API 6B flanges. RX
is used at pressures up to 15,000 psi (103 MPa). Standard sizes are stocked in low
carbon steel, 304 and 316.
RX Ring Designations for API 6B Flanges

API Ring Sizes of Flange (Inches) Weight
Number 2000 psi 2900 psi 3000 psi 5000 psi lbs Kg
RX 20 1 1/2 -- 1 1/2 1 1/2 0.527 0.240
RX 23 2 1/16 -- -- -- 1.150 0.523
RX 24 -- -- 2 1/16 2 1/16 1.330 0.605
RX 26 2 9/16 -- -- -- 1.420 0.645
RX 27 -- -- 2 9/16 2 9/16 1.500 0.682
RX 31 3 1/8 -- 3 1/8 -- 1.730 0.786
RX 35 -- -- -- 3 1/8 1.910 0.868
RX 37 4 1/16 -- 4 1/16 -- 2.090 0.950
RX 39 -- -- -- 4 1/16 2.270 1.032
RX 41 5 1/8 -- 5 1/8 -- 2.540 1.155
RX 44 -- -- -- 5 1/8 2.720 1.236
RX 45 7 1/16 -- 7 1/16 -- 2.960 1.345
RX 46 -- -- -- 7 1/16 3.660 1.664
RX 47 -- -- -- 8* 8.560 3.891
RX 49 9 -- 9 -- 3.790 1.723
RX 50 -- -- -- 9 5.360 2.436
RX 53 11 -- 11 -- 4.560 2.073
RX 54 -- -- -- 11 6.450 2.932
RX 57 13 5/8 -- 13 5/8 -- 5.360 2.436
RX 63 -- -- -- 14 26.400 12.000
RX 65 16 3/4 -- -- -- 6.630 3.014
RX 66 -- -- 16 3/4 -- 9.390 4.268
RX 69 18 -- -- -- 7.520 3.418
RX 70 -- -- 18 -- 20.140 9.155
RX 73 21 1/4 -- -- -- 11.630 5.286
RX 74 -- -- 20 3/4 -- 22.100 10.045
RX 82 -- 1 -- -- 0.790 0.359
RX 84 -- 1 1/2 -- -- 0.880 0.400
RX 85 -- 2 -- -- 0.880 0.400
RX 86 -- 2 1/2 -- -- 1.790 0.814
RX 87 -- 3 -- -- 1.980 0.900
RX 88 -- 4 -- -- 3.220 1.464
RX 89 -- 3 1/2 -- -- 2.980 1.355
RX 90 -- 5 -- -- 6.820 3.100
RX 91 -- 10 -- -- 17.100 7.773
RX 99 8* -- 8* -- 3.310 1.505
RX 201 -- -- -- -- 0.250 0.114
RX 205 -- -- -- -- 0.300 0.136
RX 210 -- -- -- -- 0.750 0.341
RX 215 -- -- -- -- 1.500 0.682
*Crossover Flange Connections

Dimensions for Type RX Ring Gaskets per
ASME B16.20 and API 6A
Pitch Diameter of Width of Ring (A) Width of Flat (C) Height of Outside Height of Ring (H) Radius of Ring (R1) Hole Size (E)(1)
Ring Ring (P) Bevel (D)
Number
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
RX-20 3.000 76.20 0.344 8.74 0.182 4.62 0.125 3.18 0.750 19.05 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-23 3.672 93.27 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-24 4.172 105.97 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-25 4.313 109.55 0.344 8.74 0.182 4.62 0.125 3.18 0.750 19.05 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-26 4.406 111.91 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-27 4.656 118.26 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-31 5.297 134.54 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-35 5.797 147.24 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-37 6.297 159.94 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-39 6.797 172.64 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-41 7.547 191.69 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-44 8.047 204.39 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-45 8.734 221.84 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-46 8.750 222.25 0.531 13.49 0.263 6.68 0.188 4.78 1.125 28.58 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-47 9.656 245.26 0.781 19.84 0.407 10.34 0.271 6.88 1.625 41.28 0.090 2.3 -- --
RX-49 11.047 280.59 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-50 11.156 283.36 0.656 16.66 0.335 8.51 0.208 5.28 1.250 31.75 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-53 13.172 334.57 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-54 13.281 337.34 0.656 16.66 0.335 8.51 0.208 5.28 1.250 31.75 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-57 15.422 391.72 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-63 17.391 441.73 1.063 27.00 0.582 14.78 0.333 8.46 2.000 50.80 0.090 2.3 -- --
RX-65 18.922 480.62 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-66 18.031 457.99 0.656 16.66 0.335 8.51 0.208 5.28 1.250 31.75 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-69 21.422 544.12 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-70 21.656 550.06 0.781 19.84 0.407 10.34 0.271 6.88 1.625 41.28 0.090 2.3 -- --
RX-73 23.469 596.11 0.531 13.49 0.263 6.68 0.208 5.28 1.250 31.75 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-74 23.656 600.86 0.781 19.84 0.407 10.34 0.271 6.88 1.625 41.28 0.090 2.3 -- --
RX-82 2.672 67.87 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 0.060 1.5
RX-84 2.922 74.22 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 0.060 1.5
RX-85 3.547 90.09 0.531 13.49 0.263 6.68 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 0.060 1.5
RX-86 4.078 103.58 0.594 15.09 0.335 8.51 0.188 4.78 1.125 28.58 0.060 1.5 0.090 2.3
RX-87 4.453 113.11 0.594 15.09 0.335 8.51 0.188 4.78 1.125 28.58 0.060 1.5 0.090 2.3
RX-88 5.484 139.29 0.688 17.48 0.407 10.34 0.208 5.28 1.250 31.75 0.060 1.5 0.120 3.0
RX-89 5.109 129.77 0.719 18.26 0.407 10.34 0.208 5.28 1.250 31.75 0.060 1.5 0.120 3.0
RX-90 6.875 174.63 0.781 19.84 0.479 12.17 0.292 7.42 1.750 44.45 0.090 2.3 0.120 3.0
RX-91 11.297 286.94 1.188 30.18 0.780 19.81 0.297 7.54 1.781 45.24 0.090 2.3 0.120 3.0
RX-99 9.672 245.67 0.469 11.91 0.254 6.45 0.167 4.24 1.000 25.40 0.060 1.5 -- --
RX-201 2.026 51.46 0.226 5.74 0.126 3.20 0.057 1.45 0.445 11.30 0.02 (3) 0.5 (3) -- --
RX-205 2.453 62.31 0.219 5.56 0.12 3.05 0.072 (2) 1.83 (2) 0.437 11.10 0.02 (3) 0.5 (3) -- --
RX-210 3.844 97.64 0.375 9.53 0.231 5.87 0.125 (2) 3.18 (2) 0.750 19.05 0.03 (3) 0.8 (3) -- --
RX-215 5.547 140.89 0.469 11.91 0.21 5.33 0.167 (2) 4.24 (2) 1.000 25.40 0.06 (3) 1.5 (3) -- --
Note:
(1) Rings RX-82 through RX-91 only require one pressure passage hole as illustrated.
The Center line of the hole shall be located at the midpoint of dimension C.
(2) Tolerance on these dimensions is (+0, -0.015”) (+0 mm,-0.38 mm).
(3) Tolerance on these dimensions is (+0.02”, -0) (+0.5 mm, -0 mm)
Tolerances:
OD = outside diameter of ring, +0.020”, -0 (+0.51 mm, -0 mm)
A = width of ring, +0.008”, -0 (+0.20 mm, -0 mm) variation in width throughout the entire
circumference of any ring shall not exceed 0.004” (0.10 mm) within these tolerances.
C = width of flat, +0.006”, -0 (+0.15 mm, -0 mm)
D = height of outside bevel, +0, -0.03” (+0 mm, -0.76 mm)
H = height of ring, +0.008”, -0 (+0.20 mm, -0 mm) variation in height througout the entire
circumference of any ring shall not exceed 0.004” (0.10 mm) within these tolerances.
R1 = radius of ring, ±0.02” (±0.5 mm)
E = hole size, ±0.02” (±0.5 mm)
23 deg = angle, ±1/2 deg (±0 deg 30 min)

105
BX Ring Designations for API 6BX Flanges
The BX ring gasket differs from the standard oval or octagonal shape since it is square
in cross section and tapers in each corner. They can only be used in API 6BX flanges.
BX is used at pressures up to 15,000 psi. Standard sizes are stocked in low carbon
steel, 304 and 316.
BX Ring Designations for API 6BX Flanges

Nominal Flange Bore (Inches) Weight
API Ring
Number 2000 psi 3000 psi 5000 psi 10000 psi 15000 psi 20000 psi lbs Kg
BX 150 -- -- -- 1 11/16 1 11/16 0.295 0.134

BX 151 -- -- -- 1 13/16 1 13/16 1 13/16 0.337 0.153
BX 152 -- -- -- 2 1/16 2 1/16 2 1/16 0.425 0.193
BX 153 -- -- -- 2 9/16 2 9/16 2 9/16 0.632 0.287
BX 154 -- -- -- 3 1/16 3 1/16 3 1/16 0.875 0.398
BX 155 -- -- -- 4 1/16 4 1/16 4 1/16 1.220 0.555
BX 156 -- -- -- 7 1/16 7 1/16 7 1/16 4.140 1.882
BX 157 -- -- -- 9 9 9 6.550 2.977
BX 158 -- -- -- 11 11 11 9.600 4.364
BX 159 -- -- -- 13 5/8 13 5/8 13 5/8 14.410 6.550
BX 160 -- -- 13 5/8 -- -- -- 6.750 3.068
BX 161 -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.437 4.744
BX 162 -- -- 16 3/4 16 3/4 -- -- 4.375 1.989
BX 163 -- -- 18 3/4 -- -- -- 14.375 6.534
BX 164 -- -- -- 18 3/4 18 3/4 -- 21.000 9.545
BX 165 -- -- 21 1/4 -- -- -- 18.375 8.352
BX 166 -- -- -- 21 1/4 -- -- 27.500 12.500
BX 167 26 3/4 -- -- -- -- -- 18.000 8.182
BX 168 -- 26 3/4 -- -- -- -- 24.500 11.136
BX 169 -- -- -- 5 1/8 5 1/8 -- -- --
BX 303 30 30 -- -- -- -- -- --
Additional Sizes
Ring Nominal
Number Size
BX 170 6 5/8
BX 171 8 9/16
BX 172 11 5/32

Dimensions for Type BX Ring Gaskets
to Suit ASME B16.20 and API 6A
Outerside Outside Diameter

Ring Nominal Size Diameter of Ring Height of Ring, H Width of Ring, A Width of Flat, C Hole Size, D (1)
Number (OD) of Flat ODT
Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm
BX-150 1 11/16 43 2.842 72.19 0.366 9.30 0.366 9.30 2.790 70.87 0.314 7.98 0.060 1.5
BX-151 1 13/16 46 3.008 76.40 0.379 9.63 0.379 9.63 2.954 75.03 0.325 8.26 0.060 1.5
BX-152 2 1/16 52 3.334 84.68 0.403 10.24 0.403 10.24 3.277 83.24 0.346 8.79 0.060 1.5
BX-153 2 9/16 65 3.974 100.94 0.448 11.38 0.448 11.38 3.910 99.31 0.385 9.78 0.060 1.5
BX-154 3 1/16 78 4.600 116.84 0.488 12.40 0.488 12.40 4.531 115.09 0.419 10.64 0.060 1.5
BX-155 4 1/16 103 5.825 147.96 0.560 14.22 0.560 14.22 5.746 145.95 0.481 12.22 0.060 1.5
BX-156 7 1/16 179 9.367 237.92 0.733 18.62 0.733 18.62 9.263 235.28 0.629 15.98 0.120 3.0
BX-157 9 229 11.593 294.46 0.826 20.98 0.826 20.98 11.476 291.49 0.709 18.01 0.120 3.0
BX-158 11 279 13.860 352.04 0.911 23.14 0.911 23.14 13.731 348.77 0.782 19.86 0.120 3.0
BX-159 13 5/8 346 16.800 426.72 1.012 25.70 1.012 25.70 16.657 423.09 0.869 22.07 0.120 3.0
BX-160 13 5/8 346 15.850 402.59 0.938 23.83 0.541 13.74 15.717 399.21 0.408 10.36 0.120 3.0
BX-161 16 5/8 422 19.347 491.41 1.105 28.07 0.638 16.21 19.191 487.45 0.482 12.24 0.120 3.0
BX-162 16 5/8 422 18.720 475.49 0.560 14.22 0.560 14.22 18.641 473.48 0.481 12.22 0.060 1.5
BX-163 18 3/4 476 21.896 556.16 1.185 30.10 0.684 17.37 21.728 551.89 0.516 13.11 0.120 3.0
BX-164 18 3/4 476 22.463 570.56 1.185 30.10 0.968 24.59 22.295 566.29 0.800 20.32 0.120 3.0
BX-165 21 1/4 540 24.595 624.71 1.261 32.03 0.728 18.49 24.417 620.19 0.550 13.97 0.120 3.0
BX-166 21 1/4 540 25.198 640.03 1.261 32.03 1.029 26.14 25.020 635.51 0.851 21.62 0.120 3.0
BX-167 26 3/4 679 29.896 759.36 1.412 35.86 0.516 13.11 29.696 754.28 0.316 8.03 0.060 1.5
BX-168 26 3/4 679 30.128 765.25 1.412 35.86 0.632 16.05 29.928 760.17 0.432 10.97 0.060 1.5
BX-169 5 1/8 130 6.831 173.51 0.624 15.85 0.509 12.93 6.743 171.27 0.421 10.69 0.060 1.5
BX-170 6 5/8 168 8.584 218.03 0.560 14.22 0.560 14.22 8.505 216.03 0.481 12.22 0.060 1.5
BX-171 8 9/16 217 10.529 267.44 0.560 14.22 0.560 14.22 10.450 265.43 0.481 12.22 0.060 1.5
BX-172 11 5/32 283 13.113 333.07 0.560 14.22 0.560 14.22 13.034 331.06 0.481 12.22 0.060 1.5
BX-303 30 762 33.573 852.75 1.494 37.95 0.668 16.97 33.361 847.37 0.457 11.61 0.060 1.5
Note:
(1) Rings RX-82 through RX-91 only require one pressure passage hole as illustrated.
The Center line of the hole shall be located at the midpoint of dimension C.
(2) Tolerance on these dimensions is (+0, -0.015”) (+0 mm,-0.38 mm)
(3) Tolerance on these dimensions is (+0.02”, -0) (+0.5 mm, -0 mm)
Tolerances:
OD = outside diameter of ring, (+0.020”, -0) (+0.51 mm, -0 mm)
A = width of ring, (+0.008”, -0) (+0.20 mm, -0 mm) variation in width throughout
the entire circumference of any ring shall not exceed 0.004” (0.10 mm) within these
tolerances.
C = width of flat, (+0.006”, -0) (+0.15 mm, -0 mm)
D = height of outside bevel, (+0, -0.03”) (+0 mm, -0.76 mm)
H = height of ring, (+0.008”, -0) (+0.20 mm, -0 mm) variation in height throughout
the entire circumference of any ring shall not exceed 0.004” (0.10 mm) within these
tolerances.
R1 = radius of ring, ±0.02” (±0.5 mm)
E = hole size, ±0.02” (±0.5 mm)
23 deg = angle, ±1/2 deg (±0 deg 30 min)

107
SRX and SBX Ring Gaskets
Type SRX and SBX gaskets per API 17D for Subsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment are vented
to prevent pressure lock when connections are made up underwater. They have identical
measurements to RX and BX ring gaskets with the same number designation, and they will
fit the same corresponding connectors. The “S” indicates these gaskets have cross-drilled
holes, as fluid entrapment in the ring groove can interfere with proper make up underwater
(subsea). With the vent hole, any water trapped between a ring groove bottom and the
sealing area of the gasket can escape to the equipment I.D. bore. Material per spec is defined
as a corrosion resistant alloy.
SBX ring gaskets can be manufactured in two options for drilling the pressure passage holes
as shown below.
Option A Option B
The purpose of these two pressure passage holes is to prevent pressure lock when
connections are made up underwater.
Markings for Standard Ring Type Joint Gaskets
LAMO 1230
Manufacturer's
NS 6A0112.1 RX39 S - 4 08-11 2
Name Material Heat Number
API Monogram
Date of Manufacture
Lamons API
License Number Gasket Ring Material Code and Product
Number Specification Level

Style 377R (Rubber Coated Rings)
Style 377R is a rubber coated oval ring gasket (usually steel) used in pressure testing to mini-
mize damage to flanges. The rubber contact points provide additional seals while protecting
the flange surfaces.
Style 377T (Transition Rings)

Style 377T, combination rings combine two different sizes having the same pitch diameter
permitting bolt up of differing size flanges.
Bridgeman (Style 393)

The Bridgeman gasket is a pressure activated gasket for use on pressure vessel
heads and valve bonnets for pressures of 1500 psi (10 MPa) and above. The
cross section of the gasket is such that internal pressure acting against the ring
forces it against the containing surface making a self-energized seal. Bridgeman
gaskets are frequently silver plated or lead plated to provide a softer surface and
minimize the force required to flow the gasket metal into the flange surface.
Delta (Style 392)

A delta gasket is a pressure actuated gasket used primarily on pressure vessels
and valve bonnets at very high pressures in excess of 5000 psi (34 MPa). As with
the lens gasket, complete drawings and material specifications must be supplied.
Internal pressure forces the gasket material to expand when the pressure forces
tend to separate the flanges. Extremely smooth surface finishes of 63 micro
inches or smoother are required when using this type of gasket.
Lens (Style 394)

A lens type gasket is a line contact seal for use in high pressure piping systems
and in pressure vessel heads. The lens cross section is a spherical gasket surface
and requires special machining on the flanges. These gaskets will seat with a
small bolt load since the contact area is very small and gasket seating pressures
are very high. Normally the gasket materials should be softer than the flange.
In ordering lens gaskets, complete drawings and material specifications must be
supplied.

109
Dimensions for Lens Rings per DIN 2696
(Millimeters)
d1
d3
d2
d
X S
d d2 Mi ddl e
Nomi na l Pi pe S for d
d1 Conta ct r d3 X
Si ze (DN) mi n. ma x. Ma x
Di a meter
Nomi na l Pres s ure PN64-400
10 10 14 21 7 17.1 25 18 5.7
15 14 18 28 805 22 32 27 6
25 20 29 43 11 34 50 39 6
40 34 43 62 14 48 70 55 8
50 46 55 78 16 60 88 68 9
65 62 70 102 20 76.6 112 85 13
80 72 82 116 22 88.2 129 97 13
100 94 108 143 26 116 170 127 15
125 116 135 180 29 149 218 157 22
150 139 158 210 33 171 250 183 26
*175 176 183 243 31 202.5 296 218 28
200 198 206 276 35 225 329 243 27
250 246 257 332 37 277.7 406 298 25
300 295 305 385 40 323.5 473 345 26
350 330 348 425 41 368 538 394 23
400 385 395 475 42 417.2 610 445 24
*175 162 177 243 37 202.5 296 218 21
200 183 200 276 40 225 329 243 25
250 230 246 332 46 277.7 406 298 25
300 278 285 385 50 323.5 473 345 30
*Avoid using these Nominal Pipe Sizes

Kammpro ® Ring Type Joint (RTJ ) Gaskets
Kammpro-ORJ
The Kammpro-ORJ is constructed to the standard octagonal API 6A or
ASME B16.20 dimensions with the addition of the Kammpro design applied
to the sealing areas and faced with oxidation resistant flexible graphite. This
design is ideal for applications where cracking or embrittlement has been
experienced in the ring joint groove. It is available in a large variety of metal
material and can be fabricated as custom engineered designs. Special or
custom sizing options are also available.
Kamm-PEG
Kamm-PEG represents a Pressure Energized Gasket with Kammprofiled
sealing surfaces, where a RX type ring is typically used for high pressure
reactors. Frequently, custom ring are used in the top and bottom of hydro
processing reactors. To greatly enhance sealing ability, top and bottom OD
angled sealing gasket surfaces are serrated per Kammprofiled specifications
and faced with oxidation inhibited flexible graphite. It has the benefits of
under compression graphite flows into minor imperfections creating higher
seal tightness.
Kammpro Adapter (RTJ TO RF)

Kammpro-Adapter gaskets allow for ring type joint flanges
to be mated up to raised face flanges, utilizing the strengths
of the full metallic with the added benefit of kamm profiled
sealing surfaces laminated with flexible graphite. Provided the
pitch of the groove is sufficiently located under the raised
face, this design is among the most robust of adapter styles.
Specialty Machined Products

Lamons maintains a high capacity of programable mill and
lathe capability for custom machine work on most any
specialty component. As a leading manufacturer of custom
machined products for the refining, petrochemical and in-
dustrial markets, Lamons recognizes the quality and service
levels these industries require. We have over 30 state of
the art CNC machines operated by programmers and ma-
chinists to deliver high quality machined components with
the quickest response time in the industry.
From a sample, drawing or CAD file, Lamons can program
and manufacture/machine custom parts with the highest
precision and repeatability within 0.0005” (0.013 mm).
Specialty rings and industrial machined components can be
rapidly produced to exact dimensions and to customer specification. Lamons stocks the
most extensive inventory of centrifugal castings, forgings and plate in the industry allowing us
to respond quickly to most any customer need. From small machined components to rings
over 6 feet (1800 mm), Lamons has the capacity and turning capability to deliver most any
configuration of heavy cross sectioned components.

111
Chapter 2
Gasket Installation
Installation and Bolting Practices

In the mission to eliminate leaks and control fugitive emissions in piping and pressure vessel
systems, it is important to fully understand the mechanisms that impact reliable bolted joint
performance. Proper inspection of all components and the utilization of proper installation
techniques is a critical step in controlling bolted joint integrity. The following is a list of
practices and recommendations that will help ensure maximum joint integrity. Some more
difficult or critical joints will need additional steps and guidance from plant reliability to
assemble correctly. As with any work, always follow all plant safety rules and guidelines.
There are two important facts you should keep in mind when dealing with tension joints.
• The bolt is a mechanism for creating and maintaining a force, the clamping force between
joint members.
• The behavior and life of the bolted joint depend very much on the magnitude and stability
of that clamping force.
The following procedures are of fundamental importance regardless of the style of gasket or
material used in the bolted joint.
Support Equipment
• Ensure the stability of the equipment before loosening the fasteners.
• Loosen fasteners - Loosen fasteners systematically, loosening all fasteners slightly first,
using a second step to completely loosen all fasteners.
Note: This avoids overloading one or two fasteners by releasing the load of the
adjacent fasteners.
• Open flanges - Spread the flanges apart a distance that is ample to remove the old
gasket, clean and inspect the seating surfaces, and install the new gasket.
• Do not allow tools to come into contact with the flange face.
Remove the Fasteners, Hardened Washers, Flanges,
and Old Gasket
Fasteners - Hex head bolt and nut or threaded stud with one nut on each end.
• If the fasteners are to be reused, it is important to store them properly by replacing
the nut onto the same fastener that it was removed from, replacing the nut onto
the same end of the fastener that it was removed from, and stacking the fasteners
so as not to damage the threads.
Hardened Washers
• The washer should not be stored on the fastener as it may create a problem stacking
the fasteners. Secure the washers in a dry container or area if possible.
Flanges
• Extreme caution should be exercised in removing any detachable flanges. Care should
be taken to protect the seating surface or flange face from hitting, bumping, or dragging
against anything that would damage it.
• When storing these detachable flanges, do not lay the flange face against a rough
surface such as concrete, pavement, or steel grating. Store on strong wood or other
strong but non-abrasive material.
• If the flanges are to be left exposed to the weather, light oil should be applied to
the flange face and the nut-bearing surface for protection against corrosion. The

113
commercial lubricant spray is not suitable for this purpose, it is primarily a solvent. If
the storage time is to be prolonged, heavy grease is preferred.
Old Gasket
• The old gasket should be removed using a scraper or other tools that will not damage
the seating surfaces of the flanges. Brass brushes or abrasive wheel that is softer than
the flange material is recommended so as not to alter the flange surface finish.
• If the joint has failed and a failure analysis is to be done, take special care in removing
the gasket. Keep the gasket intact if possible, mark its orientation to the flanges, mark
the problem areas, and store properly.
Clean Equipment
Flanges
• Remove all foreign materials from the flange seating surfaces. Use tools or approved
solvents that will not damage the surfaces.
Note: In some situations, there may not be ample space to clean the flanges in
the usual manner nor an approved solvent. Rough sanding, sandblasting, and rough
filing are not recommended. Always scrape flange faces in a path or direction that
corresponds with the serration path and not across them.
• Remove old paint and lubricant from the nut-bearing surface of the flanges. [This
is the backside of the flange where the nut or the head of the bolt contacts it.]
Fasteners
• Use solvent, wire brush, buffing wheel, etc. to remove old lubricant, paint and rust
from the fastener threads.
• Clean the fastener heads and nuts in a similar manner, being sure to clean the load
bearing surfaces of both the head and the nut.
Inspect Equipment
• Visually inspect the seating surfaces for any pitting, corrosion, cracks, dings, or cuts.
Cracks, excessive pitting or corrosion may warrant the use of inspection by dye
penetrate, x-ray, or ultrasound.
• Where possible, use a straight edge across the flange faces to check for warping, metal
draw, and flange rotation. Any indication of problems at this point should be followed
with a run-out check using a dial indicator.
• Physically run the nut or nuts onto the bolt or stud. The nuts should run freely past
the point on the fastener where it will come to rest after it is installed and tightened.
This is done on both new and old fasteners.
• Check to see if your plant has a policy on replacing used fasteners. As a general rule, it
is always best to replace these expendable components that contribute to the success
of the properly assembled joint.
Hardened Washers
• Visually check for correct size and hardness, pits, cracks, marring, and flatness.
Note: Hardened washers that exhibit cracking may indicate a misuse of the product.
Repair or Replace Equipment
Flanges
a. Light to medium pitting, corrosion, cracks, dings, or cuts on the seating surfaces
may be repaired by machining. Heavy pitting, corrosion, cracks, dings, or cuts may
require fill welding and machining or replacement of the flange.
b. Most warping, metal draw, and flange rotation can be removed by machining.
Extensive out of tolerance conditions may require replacing the flanges.

c. Excessively worn or damaged nut bearing surfaces may be repaired by machining
or filing until flat and installing hardened washers.
Note: Tolerances for statements a. and b. should be based on the engineering
design of the flanges, flange rigidity, the minimum gasket compression in thousandths
of an inch, and the available bolt load.
Fasteners
• Light corrosion, wear, and damage may be repaired by running a die nut over the
threads or filing with a thread, blade, or three corner file. Excessive damage, wear,
corrosion, incorrect size or grade, or cracks indicate that the fastener should be
replaced. If there is considerable time between the repair and installation of a fastener,
you will want to apply light oil to the threads and the nut face or bearing surface.
Note: The commercial lubricant spray is not suitable for this purpose, it is primarily
a solvent. Do not apply heavy grease or anti-seize at this time, it may gather trash as
the fastener is installed.
• Light wear and corrosion are tolerable on the fastener bearing surfaces. Medium to
heavy wear and corrosion indicate that the fastener should be replaced. Damage,
cracks, or incorrect size or grade indicate that the fastener should be replaced.
• The inability of the nut to run freely on the bolt or stud may be corrected by working
the nut back and forth on the fastener or running a file or die nut over the threads.
Many small imperfections can be worked out by running the nut down the fastener
as far as it will go and then hit the nut against something solid. This flattens the burr
or imperfection and allows the nut to travel on. If the nuts consistently stop traveling
as soon as there is full engagement between the nut and the fastener, you have an
improper thread pitch match. If problems persist with new bolts look for solutions
through proper handling, shipping, storing, and purchasing. If your plant has a policy
on replacing used fasteners, refer to it for assistance. If one does not exist or does not
address your application, here are some solid guidelines.
• Yielded fasteners should be replaced because their performance is uncertain.
• Inexpensive fasteners that have been tightened by unmeasured methods should be
replaced because their performance is uncertain.
• The stud and nuts fastener should be replaced where cost is not prohibitive because
it is not likely that you can control friction or get repetitive results from this
combination. Even loading of the gasket is dependent on even bolt loads across the
joint. Even bolt loads are dependent on consistent friction from fastener to fastener.
Consistent friction on used fasteners is dependent on the same thread areas from
both the fastener and the engaging repetitively. This is highly improbable given the
obstacles that we would have to overcome.
Note: The bolt and nut fastener is more likely to achieve repetitive loads as long as
the same nut is properly installed on the bolt because of the fixed head of the bolt
insures to some degree that the same threads are consistently used.
• Fasteners in high fatigue service should be replaced periodically
• Fasteners in critical service should be replaced because a failed joint becomes more
costly than the fastener
• Fasteners subjected to extreme thermal cycles should be replaced.
• It is best to change all of the fasteners in a critical joint if you change one. If this is not
feasible, attempt to install the new fasteners at evenly spaced intervals around the
joint

115
Hardened Washers
• Hardened washers should be replaced if they are damaged in any way.
Note: Hardened washers are the big equalizer in the joint. They reduce friction due to flange
misalignment, nut embedment, and poor bearing surfaces. They also stiffen the flange and
lengthen the effective length of the fastener. While accomplishing all of this, they should not be
installed in services that attack hard steels. The failed washer is worse than the negative sum
of all its benefits.
• Excessive spacing or gap [A condition where two flanges are separated by a distance greater
than twice the thickness of the gasket when the flanges are at rest and the flanges will not
come together using minimal force.]
• The force necessary to pull the flanges together should not exceed 10% of the maximum
torque prescribed to properly load the gasket when using all of the fasteners in the joint.
Alignment of all Components
Rules for aligning flanges:
• Out of tolerance conditions should be corrected before the gasket is installed to avoid
damaging it.
• The rule of thumb for aligning piping flanges is, “There shall not be any detrimental strain
introduced into the piping system.” Since it is very difficult for the craftsman to determine this
point, a second rule usually will suffice in the field. “When aligning requires more force than
can be exerted by hand or spud/pin wrenches consult your piping engineer.”
• Before using jacks or wrench devices, you may want to do a pipe stress analysis, especially if
the pipe is old or it is suspected that the walls have thinned from use.
• If the flanges that are in need of aligning are connected to pumps or rotating equipment, great
care must be taken to prevent introducing a strain into the equipment housing or bearings.
Measuring the movement in the equipment to insure that you do not disturb its aligned
condition is a common and necessary practice.
• The best aligning is to repair the misaligned component by replacing it correctly, removing and
reinstalling in the properly aligned position, or using uniform heat to relieve the stresses.
• In joints where one or more of the flanges are not attached to piping or vessels, such as cover
plates and tube bundles, use ample force to accomplish the best aligned condition.
• Once the flanges are aligned, install the gasket and tighten the fasteners completely, and then
release the aligning devices. Follow this rule as closely as possible. External forces have less
effect on properly loaded joints.
Note: Proper alignment of all joint members is the very core of flange joint assembly. It
results in maximum seating surface contact, maximum opportunity for even gasket loading, and
reduced friction between the nut and the flange.
Prepare Fasteners, Washers, and Gasket for Installation
Fasteners
• Fasteners should be checked for the proper diameter, length, threads per inch, grade, and
condition.
• The nut should run freely on the stud or bolt past the point where the nut will come to
rest after it is installed and tightened.
• The fasteners should be transported to the job site with the nut or nuts on them. The nuts
should remain on the fasteners until you are ready to install them in the joint.
Washers
• The washers should be checked for proper outside diameter. A quick field test when using
a heavy hex nut is to lay the washer on a flat surface and center the nut on top of it. The
washer should extend from under the points of the nut about one sixteenth of an inch.

• The proper inside diameter of the washer should be one eighth of an inch larger
than the fastener.
• The thickness of the washer will usually be one eighth or one forth of an inch. All
washers should have the same thickness. The washer would also have a uniform
thickness.
• Most hardened washers will fit the above description. There should be, however,
a grade marking stamped into the washer to indicate its hardness. In selecting a
particular hardness of washer, you may want to consult your metallurgist. In order
to improve the performance of the joint, the washer must be harder than the
flange material.
Gaskets
• The gasket should be transported to the job site at the time that it is to be installed.
The gasket should be kept in its protective packaging until it is time to install it.
If there is no protective packaging or it is to be stored at the job site, secure the
gasket so that it will not be bent, broken, scratched, exposed to adverse chemicals
or elements, knocked around, stepped on, or receive damage of any kind.
• Some gaskets require the application of additional sealing materials at the time
of installation, such as graphite of PTFE. This should be done in accordance with
the manufacturer’s recommendations [either the gasket or sealant manufacturer].
Care should be taken to keep any unwanted materials out of the application
process.
Install Fasteners, Washers, and Gasket
Fasteners
• Fasteners should be placed into the bolt holes carefully as to protect the threads
from damage. Driving the fasteners in with a hammer can cause damage that will
impact performance. Proper aligning of flanges will permit easy installation of
fasteners.
• If the fastener is a stud and is being installed into a tapped hole, you may or may
not want to perform this task before the flanges are brought together. In choosing
between methods, care to protect the threads and ease of installation should be
considered. Special care should be taken not to cross-thread the fastener in the
tapped hole. Exercise caution not to damage the threads on the other end while
attempting to screw the fastener in the hole.
• The nut should be installed with the flat bearing surface or washer side toward the
flange or against the washer, if one is used. The other side of the nut should bear
a raised grade and manufacturer’s marking.
• The fastener should provide ample length for the installation of any washers,
the installation of the gasket, full engagement of the nut. When the fasteners are
completely tight and the gasket fully loaded, the fastener should be, at the least,
flush with the outside of the nut.
• In the case of studs being installed with additional length, the additional length
may be shared between both ends or moved to the end that is least likely to
be tightened or removed. This statement concerns good engineering and field
practices, not the aesthetics of the joint.
• The fastener must pass through the flanges at right angles. Any degree of angle will
cause the fastener to bend during tightening and the nut to embed into the bearing
surface. This results in higher more unpredictable friction on the fastener system
which in turn results in less control in joint load.
Washers
• Washers should rest parallel to the flange surface. Remove any high points on the
flange before installing washer.

117
• Washers may be installed on both ends of the fasteners if the fastener length is
ample, this will increase the rigidity of the joint. When installing only one washer ,
it must be installed under the nut that is being turned. This will reduce the friction
and protect the bearing surface on the flange.
Gasket
• Always be sure that the gap between the flanges is at least 1/16’’ wider than the
thickness of the gasket, and 1/8’’ is preferred when possible.
• Check to be certain that the gasket seating surface remains free of obstructions or
trash.
• Do not force the gasket into place. When moving the gasket about, use a flat tool
to gently slide it. Do not put your fingers between the flanges.
• Center the gasket on the seats. Some gaskets have full-face contact with bolt holes
through the gasket to insure proper fit. Full-face gaskets without bolt holes, of the
proper dimension, usually are not a problem to center. A problem does occur
on flanges smaller than one inch where the standard tolerance leaves a reduced
seating contact when the gasket is positioned completely against the fasteners on
one side. The same situation does occur in certain size flanges when using spiral
wound gaskets.
• Some very large gaskets may require an adhesive to hold them in place while they
are being installed. The adhesive should be one that is approved by the gasket
manufacturer, process engineers, and your metallurgist. The ideal adhesive will
adhere well, dissipate completely with time and temperature, and not react with
equipment materials or the process chemicals.
Note: Grease, tape, or petroleum gels are not recommended for this purpose.
Also, the application of anti-seize to a gasket to cause it to be removed easily is
not recommended.
• Once the gasket is installed, allow the flanges to come into contact with it slowly,
squarely, and gently. Do not pull the flanges into alignment with the gasket in place.
Lubricate Fasteners and Washers
Fasteners
• Use an approved lubricant suited to the fastener material, process medium,
temperature range, and friction requirements.
• Lubricant should be applied generously and evenly to all contacting surfaces of the
fastener system.
• Except when installing bolts or studs into tapped holes, apply the lubricant after
the fastener is installed in the flanges. If the lubricant is applied to the fastener
beforehand, it may collect trash as it passes through the flanges.
• When the fastener system is a bolt and a tapped hole, apply the lubricant to the:
bolt threads, under side of the head or the flange bearing surface, and the shank of
the bolt where it may contact the flanges.
• When the fastener system is a bolt and nut, where the nut will be turned in the
tightening process, apply lubricant to the bolt threads and the nut or flange-bearing
surface.
Note: If the bolt is to be turned and not the nut, treat it as though it were a bolt
and a tapped hole.
• When the fastener system is a stud, a nut, and tapped hole; lubricate the stud
threads on the end to be installed into the tapped hole. After the stud is installed
and the flanges assembled, lubricate the threads on the other end of the stud
where the nut is to be installed and the nut or flange bearing surface.

• When the fastener system is a stud and two nuts, lubricant may be applied to
the threads on both ends of the stud and to the bearing surface of both nuts and
flanges. If you want one end to be difficult to loosen later, you may leave off the
lubricant.
Note: You must always lubricate the end where the nut is to be turned and
always apply the lubricate to ample threads so that the nut does not run dry before
it is tight.
Washers
• Apply the lubricant to the side of the washer that is against the nut that is to be
turned or the head of the bolt.
• If you are using a washer on both ends of a stud and want one end to be difficult
to loosen, you may leave off the lubricant.
• There is no advantage to applying lubricant to both sides of the washer, except that
you are now certain that you lubricated the correct side.
Tighten Evenly
Squaring and Stabilizing
• Bring the flanges to contact the gasket slowly and squarely using minimal but
sufficient force to lightly tighten the fasteners and stabilize the joint. Tighten the
fasteners in a star or crisscross pattern, checking to be sure that the gap between
the flanges remains even at ninety-degree intervals around the flanges. The use of
all the bolts is preferred on flanges with up to eight bolts. Above eight fasteners,
the use of eight fasteners for the initial squaring and stabilizing is usually considered
to be sufficient. You should not initiate any significant gasket compression at this
time.
Note: Very heavy flanges with stiff gaskets may require the use of additional
fasteners. If the joint is considered critical for any reason, use all of the fasteners
in the joint for this initial pass.
Compression Pass #1
Once the joint is stabilized, apply a medium or half strength tightening force. Use
the same guidelines for this pass as you did for the stabilizing pass.
Compression Pass #II
After completing the medium pass, tighten the fasteners with ample but restrained
force. Remember that there is a limit below which a joint will fail and an upper
limit above which a joint component will fail. Use the same guidelines for this pass
as for the first two passes.
Circular Compression Pass
Once the second compression pass is completed, you will apply the same tightening
force in a circular pattern. Starting at the most convenient or practical point,
tighten the fasteners, moving in one direction from one to the next in a circular
fashion around the flanges. You will continue this, circling the flanges as many times
as necessary until the nuts no longer turn. Do not increase the tightening force
during this pass!
Application of Torque
The most accurate method for obtaining the correct seating stress is to apply the bolt load
by direct measuring its tension or stud elongation. However, in practice, this procedure is
cumbersome and of difficult execution. As a consequence the trend in industry today is the
use of torque wrenches, tensioning devices, hydraulic wrenches. The use of manpower to
tighten the bolts, by sledgehammers, striking wrenches and pieces of pipe on the end of the
wrench is not recommended since this offers no degree of accuracy.
Special thank you to Edward Hayman for his contribution of information for this chapter.

119
Botl Torque Sequence
4-BOLTS 8-BOLTS
4 3
Sequential Order Rotational Order Sequential Order Rotational Order

1-2 1 1-2 1
3-4 3 3-4 5
2 5-6 3
4 7-8 7
2
6
4
8

12 - BOLTS 16 - BOLTS

1-2 1 1-2 1
3-4 5 3-4 9
5-6 9 5-6 5
7-8 3 7-8 13
9-10 7 9-10 3
11-12 11 11-12 11
2 13-14 7
6 15-16 15
10 2
4 10
8 6
12 14
4
12
8
16

121

1-2 1 1-2 1
3-4 13 3-4 19
5-6 5 5-6 17
7-8 17 7-8 5
9-10 9 9-10 13
11-12 3 11-12 21
13-14 15 13-14 3
15-16 7 15-16 11
17-18 19 17-18 19
19-20 11 19-20 7
2 21-22 15
14 23-24 23
6 2
18 10
10 10
4 18
16 6
8 14
20 22
12 4
12
20
8
16
24


1-2 1 1-2 1
3-4 25 3-4 25
17 17
5-6 5-6
9 9
7-8 7-8
5 5
9-10 9-10
13 13
11-12 21 11-12 21
13-14 3 13-14 29
15-16 27 15-16 3
17-18 19 17-18 27
19-20 11 19-20 19
21-22 7 21-22 11
15 7
23-24 23-24
23 15
25-26 25-26
2 23
27-28 27-28
26 31
18 29-30 2
10 31-32 26
6 18
14 10
22 6
4 14
28 22
20 30
12 4
8 28
16 20
24 12
8
16
24
32

123

1-2 1 1
1-2
3-4 33 33
3-4 25
5-6 25
17 5-6 17
7-8
9 7-8 9
9-10
5 5
11-12 9-10
13 13
13-14 11-12 21
21
15-16 13-14 29
29
17-18 15-16 37
3
19-20 3
35 17-18
11-12 35
27 19-20 27
13-14 19 21-22 19
15-16 11
23-24 11
17-18 7 7
25-26
19-20 15 15
21-22 23 27-28 23
23-24 21 29-30 31
25-26 2 31-32 39
34 2
27-28 33-34
26 34
29-30 35-36
18 26
31-32 37-38 18
10
33-34 39-40 10
6
35-36 6
14
14
22
22
30
30
4
38
36
4
28 36
20 28
12 20
8 12
16 8
24 16
32 24
32
40

Trouble Shooting Leaking Joints
One of the best available tools to aid in determining the cause of leakage is a careful
examination of the gasket in use when leakage occurred.
Observation Possible Remedies

Gasket badly corroded Select replacement material with improved
corrosion resistance.
Gasket extruded excessively Select replacement material with better cold flow
properties, select replacement material with better
load bearing capability - i.e., more dense.
Gasket grossly crushed Select replacement material with better load
bearing capability, provide means to prevent
crushing the gasket by use of a stop ring
or re-design of flanges.
Gasket mechanically damaged due to overhang Review gasket dimensions to ensure gaskets are
of raised face or flange bore proper size. Make certain gaskets are properly
centered in joint.
No apparent gasket compression achieved Select softer gasket material. Select thicker gasket
material. Reduce gasket area to allow higher unit
seating load.
Gasket substatially thinner on OD than ID Indicative of excessive “flange rotation” or bending.
Alter gasket dimensions to move gasket reaction
closer to bolts to minimize bending moment.
Provide stiffness to flange by means of back-
up rings. Select softer gasket material to lower
required seating stresses. Reduce gasket area to
lower seating stresses.
Gasket unevenly compressed around circumference Improper bolting up procedures followed.
Make certain proper sequential bolt up
procedures are followed.
Gasket thickness varies periodically around Indicative of “flange bridging” beween bolts or
circumference warped flanges. Provide reinforcing rings for flanges
to better distribute bolt load. Select gasket material
with lower seating stress. Provide additional bolts
if possible to obtain better load distribution. If
flanges are warped, re-machine or use softer gasket
material.

125
Other Bolted Connection Problem Areas
Joint Must Compensate for Wide Temperature Variations:
Solution: Consider use of sleeve around bolts to increase Or consider use of conical spring washers in place of
effective bolt length: sleeve to eliminate torque losses over wide temperature
ranges.
Flanges Out Of Parallel: Wavy Surface Finish:

Total allowable out of parallel: ∆1 + ∆2 = 0.015” (0.4 mm) Note:
1. If using jacketed or spiral wound gaskets - deviation should not
Note: exceed 0.015” (0.4 mm).
Deviation on right is less critical than deviation on left since 2. If using solid metal gaskets - deviation should not exceed
bolt tightening will tend to bring flanges parallel due to flange 0.005” (0.13 mm).
bending.
3. If using rubber, more leeway is possible - suggested grade line
total of 0.030” (0.8 mm).
∆1 ∆1
∆2 ∆2

Notes

127
Chapter 3
Technical and Design Information
ASME Section VIII Pressure Vessels

Design Considerations for Bolted
Flange Connections
The primary purpose of the rules for bolted flange connections in Parts A and B of Appendix
II is to insure safety, but there are certain practical matters to be taken into consideration in
order to obtain a serviceable design. One of the most important of these is the proportioning
of the bolting, i.e., determining the number and size of the bolts.
In the great majority of designs the practice that has been used in the past should be adequate,
viz., to follow the design rules in Appendix II and tighten the bolts sufficiently to withstand
the test pressure without leakage. The considerations presented in the following discussion
will be important only when some unusual feature exists, such as a very large diameter, a
high design pressure, a high temperature, severe temperature gradients, and unusual gasket
arrangement, and so on.
The maximum allowable stress values for bolting given in the various tables of Subsection C
are design values to be used in determining the minimum amount of bolting required under
the rules. However, a distinction must be kept carefully in mind between the design value
and the bolt stress that might actually exist or that might be needed for conditions other
than the design pressure. The initial tightening of the bolts is a prestressing operation, and
the amount of bolt stress developed must be within proper limits, to insure, on the one hand,
that it is adequate to provide against all conditions that tend to produce a leaky joint, and on
the other hand, that is not so excessive that yielding of the bolts and/or flanges can produce
relaxation that also can result in leakage.
The first important consideration is the need for the joint to be tight in the hydrostatic
test. An initial bolt stress of some magnitude must be provided. If it is not, further bolt
strain develops during the test, which tends to part the joint and thereby to decompress the
gasket enough to allow leakage. The test pressure is usually One and a half times the design
pressure, and on this basis it may be thought that 50 percent extra bolt stress above the
design value will be sufficient. However, this is an oversimplification, because, on the one
hand, the safety factor against leakage under test conditions in general need not be as great
as under operating conditions.
On the other hand, if a stress-strain analysis of the joint is made, it may indicate that an initial
bolt stress still higher than 1 ½ times the design value is needed. Such an analysis is one that
considers the changes in bolt elongation, flange deflection, and gasket load that take place
with the application of internal pressure, starting from the prestressed condition. In any
event, it is evident that an initial bolt stress higher than the design value may and, in some
cases, must be developed in the tightening operation, and it is the intent of this Division of
Section VIII that such a practice is permissible, provided it includes necessary and appropriate
provision to insure against excessive flange distortion and gross crushing of the gasket.
It is possible for the bolt stress to decrease after initial tightening, because of slow creep or
relaxation of the gasket, particularly in the case of the “softer” gasket materials. This may be
the cause of leakage in the hydrostatic test, in which case it may suffice merely to retighten
the bolts. A decrease in bolt stress can also occur in service at elevated temperatures, as
a result of creep in the bolt and/or flange or gasket material, with consequent relaxation.
When this results in leakage under service conditions, it is common practice to retighten the

129
bolts, and sometimes a single such operation, or perhaps several repeated at long intervals,
is sufficient to correct the condition. To avoid chronic difficulties of this nature, however,
it is advisable when designing a joint for high-temperature service to give attention to the
relaxation properties of the materials involved, especially for temperatures where creep is
the controlling factor in design. This prestress should not be confused with initial bolt stress,
S1, used in the design of Part B flanges.
In the other direction, excessive initial bolt stress can present a problem in the form of
yielding in the bolting itself, and may occur in the tightening operation to the extent of
damage or even breakage. This is especially likely with bolts of small diameter and with
bolt materials having a relatively low yield strength. The yield strength of mild carbon steel,
annealed austenitic stainless steel, and certain of the nonferrous bolting materials can easily
be exceeded with ordinary wrench effort in the smaller bolt sizes. Even if no damage is
evident, any additional load generated when internal pressure is applied can produce further
yielding with possible leakage. Such yielding can also occur when there is very little margin
between initial bolt stress and yield strength.
An increase in bolt stress, above any that may be due to internal pressure, might occur
in service during startup or other transient conditions, or perhaps even under normal
operation. This can happen when there is an appreciable differential in temperature between
the flanges and the bolts, or when the bolt material has a different coefficient of thermal
expansion than the flange material. Any increase in bolt load due to this thermal effect,
superposed on the load already existing, can cause yielding of the bolt material, wheras any
pronounced decrease due to such effects can result in such a loss of bolt load as to be a
direct cause of leakage. In either case, retightening of the bolts may be necessary, but it
must not be forgotten that the effects of repeated retightening can be cumulative and may
ultimately make the joint unserviceable.
In addition to the difficulties created by yielding of the bolts as described above, the
possibility of similar difficulties arising from yielding of the flange or gasket material, under
like circumstances or from other causes, should also be considered.
Excessive bolt stress, whatever the reason, may cause the flange to yield, even though the bolts
may not yield. Any resulting excessive deflection of the flange, accompanied by permanent
set, can produce a leaking joint when other effects are superposed. It can also damage the
flange by making it more difficult to effect a tight joint thereafter. For example, irregular
permanent distortion of the flange due to uneven bolt load around the circumference of the
joint can warp the flange face and its gasket contact surface out of a true plane.
The gasket, too, can be overloaded, even without excessive bolt stress. The full initial bolt
load is imposed entirely on the gasket, unless the gasket has a stop ring or the flange face detail
is arranged to provide the equivalent. Without such means of controlling the compression
of the gasket, consideration must be given to the selection of gasket type, size and material
that will prevent gross crushing of the gasket.
From the foregoing, it is apparent that the bolt stress can vary over a considerable range
above the design stress value. The design stress values for bolting in Subsection C have been
set at a conservative value to provide a factor against yielding. At elevated temperatures, the
design stress values are governed by the creep rate and stess-rupture strength. Any higher
bolt stress existing before creep occurs in operation will have already served its purpose of
seating the gasket and holding the hydrostatic test pressure, all at the design pressure and
temperature.
Theoretically, the margin against flange yielding is not as great. The design values for flange
materials may be as high as five-eights or two-thirds of the yield strength. However, the
highest stress in a flange is usually the bending stress in the hub or shell, and is more or
less localized. It is too conservative to assume that local yielding is followed immediately by
overall yielding of the entire flange. Even if a “plastic hinge” should develop, the ring portion
of the flange takes up the portion of the load the hub and shell refuse to carry. Yielding is far
more significant if it occurs first in the ring, but the limitation in the rules on the combined
hub and ring stresses provides a safeguard. In this connection, it should be noted that a dual

set of stresses is given for some of the materials. In the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII: Division 1, Table UHA-32, the lower values should be used in order to avoid
yielding in the flanges.
Another very important item in bolting design is the question whether the necessary bolt
stress is actually realized, and what special means of tightening, if any, must be employed. Most
joints are tightened manually by ordinary wrenching, and it is advantageous to have designs
that require no more than this. Some pitfalls must be avoided, however. The probable bolt
stress developed manually, when using standard wrenches, is:
Where S is the bolt stress and d is the nominal diameter of the bolt. It can be seen that
smaller bolts will have excessive stress unless judgemtn is exercised in pulling up on them.
On the other hand, it will be impossible to develop the desired stress in very large bolts by
ordinary hand wrenching. Impact wrenches may prove serviceable, but if not, resort may be
had to such methods as preheating the bolt, or using hydraulically powered bolt tensioners.
With some of these methods, control of the bolt stress is possible by means inherent in the
procedure, especially if effective thread lubricants are employed, but in all cases the bolt
stress can be regulated within reasonable tolerances by measureing the bolt elongation with
suitable extensometer equipment. Ordinarily, simple wrenching without verification of the
actual bolt stress meets all practical needs, and measured control of the stress is employed
only when there is some special or important reason for doing so.
Allowable Bolt Stress

The ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII: Division 1, Appendix S in particular
deals with the bolt stress. For example, a flange designer should determine the necessary
tightening at the given operating temperature specifically in accordance with the allowable
stresses for the bolt material at the operating temperature. These allowable stresses are
based on the particular material; and their strength at operating temperature.
Hydrostatic testing, which in the majority of cases is necessary to verify the system, is done
at one and a half times the operational pressure. Consequently, a flanged joint designed in
accordance with the ASME Code, which should be hydrostatic tested with a pressure higher
than the design pressure, will require a higher initial stress on the stud to successfully pass
the test.
Appendix S of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII: Division 1 speaks in
great length establishes that in order to pass the hydrostatic test, the bolts must be stressed
to whatever level is required to satisfactorily pass the test. This introduces additional
problems. In cases where low yield bolt material is being used, the stresses required in bolts
sufficient to satisfactorily pass the test may exceed the yield point of the bolt material causing
the bolts to fracture.

131
Bolt Load Formulas
The ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 defines the initial bolt load
required to seat a gasket sufficiently as:
Wm2 = π bGy
The required operating bolt load must be at least sufficient, under the most severe operating
conditions, to contain the hydrostatic end force and, in addition, to maintain a residual
compression load on the gasket that is sufficient to assure a tight joint ASME defines this
bolt load as:
Wm1 = G 2P + 2b π GmP
After Wm1 and Wm2 are calculated, then the minimun required bolt area Am is determined:
A m1 =
A m2 =
Am = Am1 if Am1 Am2
Am = Am2 if Am2 Am1
Bolts are then selected so that the actual bolt area Ab is equal to or greater that Am
Ab = (Number of Bolts) x (Minimum Cross-Sectional Area of Bolt in Square Inches)
Ab Am
The maximum unit load Sg(max) on the gasket bearing surface is equal to the total maximum
bolt load in pounds divided by the actual sealing area of the gasket in square inches.
AbSa
Sg(max) =
[ (OD - 0.125)2 - (ID)2 ]
AbSa
Sg(max) =
[ (OD2 - (ID)2 ]

Notations Symbols and Definitions
Except as noted, the symbols and definitions below are those given in ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code.
Ab = Actual total cross-sectional area of bolts at N = Width, in inches, used to determine the basic
root of thread or section of least diameter gasket seating width b0, based upon the pos-
under stress, square inches. sible contact width of the gasket (Table 2)
Am = Total required cross-sectional area of bolts, P = Design pressure, pounds per square inch
taken as the greater of Am1 or Am2, square
Sa = Allowable bolt stress at ambient temperature,
inches
pounds per square inch
Am1 = Total cross-sectional area of bolts at root
Sb = Allowable bolt stress at ambient temperature,
of thread or section of least diameter under
pounds per square inch
stress, required for the operating conditions.
Sg = Actual unit load at the gasket bearing surface,
Am2 = Total cross-sectional area of bolts at root pounds per square inch
of thread or section of least diameter under
stress, required for gasket sealing. Wm1 = Required bolt load for operating conditions,
pounds
b = Effective gasket ot joint-contact-surface seating
width, inches (Table 2) Wm2 = Minimum required bolt load for gasket seating,
pounds
b0 = Basic gasket sealing width, inches (Table 2)
y = Gasket or joint-contact-surface unit seat-
G = Diameter at location of gasket load reaction ing load, minimum design seating stress, PSI
(Table 2) (Table 1) pounds per square inch
m = Gasket factor (Table 1)

133
Table 1 - Gasket Materials and Contact Facings
Gasket Factors (m) for Operating Conditions and Minimum Design Seating Stress (y) NOTE: This table gives a list of many commonly
used gasket materials and contact facings with suggested design values of m and y that have generally proved satisfactory in actual Refer to Table
service when using effective gasket seating width b given in Table 2-5.1. The design values and other details given in this table are 2-5.1
suggested only and are not mandatory.
Min.
Gasket design Sketches Use
Use
Gasket Material Factor seating and Facing
Column
m stress Notes Sketch
y (psi)
Self-Energizing types
O Rings, Metallic, Elastomer other gasket types 0 0 --- --- ---
considered as self-seating
Elastomers without fabric.
Below 75 Shore Durometer 0.50 0

75 or higher Shore Durometer 1.00 200
Elastomers with cotton fabric insertion 1.25 400 1 (a, b, c, d)

4, 5
Vegetable fiber 1.75 1100
Carbon
Spiral-wound metal, with nonmetallic filler Stainless 3.00 10000 1 (a,b)
or Monel
II
Soft Aluminum 2.50 2900
Corrugated metal, Soft copper or brass 2.75 3700
double jacketed with Iron or soft steel 3.00 4500 1 (a,b)
nonmetallic filler Monel or 4-6% chrome 3.25 5500
Stainless steels 3.50 6500

Soft copper or brass 3.00 4500
Corrugated metal Iron or soft steel 3.25 5500 1 (a,b,c,d)
Monel or 4-6% chrome 3.50 6500

Flat metal jacketed Iron or soft steel 3.75 7600 1a, 1b, 1c*,
with nonmetallic filler Monel 3.50 8000 1d*, 2*
4-6% chrome 3.75 9000

Iron or soft steel 1 (a,b, c, d)
Grooved metal 3.75 7600
Monel or 4-6% chrome 2, 3
3.75 9000

Iron or soft steel 1 (a, b, c, d)
Solid flat metal 5.50 18000
Monel or 4-6% chrome 2,3,4,5
6.00 21800
I
Iron or soft steel 5.5 18000
Ring joint Monel or 4-6% chrome 6.00 21800 6
*The surface of a gasket having a lap should be against the smooth surface of the facing and not against the nubbin.
Reprinted with permission of ASME

Table 2 - Effective Gasket Seating Width
Sketch # Facing Sketch (Exaggerated) Basic Gasket Seating Width, b0
Column I Column II
1(a)
1(b)
See Note (1)
1(c)
1(d)
See Note (1)
3N
3
8
4 3N 7N
See Note (1) 8 16
5 3N
See Note (1) 8
6 ...
Effective Gasket Seating Width, b

b = b 0, when b 0 ≤ ¼ in.; b = 0.5 b 0, when b 0 > ¼ in.
HG
hG HG hG
G NOTES:
OD Contact G
(1) Where serrations do not exceed 1/64”
Face
b depth and 1/32” width spacing, sketches
(1b) and (1d) shall be used.
(2) The gasket factors listed only apply to
flanged joints in which the gasket is
contained entirely within the inner
edges of the bolt holes.
FOR b0 > ¼”
FOR b0 <= ¼”

135
Mechanics of Loading and Stressing a Bolt
When the nut is turned in a tightening direction by the applied torque (T), the flange, nut and
bolt head surfaces are eventually put in contact along planes. This contact prevents further
forward advance of the nut. Continued tightening is accomplished at the expense of metal
deformations. While there are combination of metal deformations involved, normally only
the tensile deformation in the bolt body is used to evaluate the resulting load.
When further torque is applied to the nut, the nut threads act on the bolt threads so as to
pull the bolt up through the nut. This pull results in a lateral and axial deformation of the bolt
body. The tensile force causing this deformation also causes an equally compressive load to
be transferred from the nut and bolt head to the flanges.
F
D
A step by step analysis of how a loading device for threaded fasteners works is as follows:
FxD=T
Where: F = Force in inch-lbs or (N)
D = Distance in inches, feet or (m)
T = Torque in inch-lbs, ft-lbs, (Nm)
For instance, if you were to pull on the end of a 12” wrench, distance D, with a force of 50
lbs, force F, the resulting torque would be:
FxD=T
50 lbs x 12” = 600 inch-lbs (222 N x 0.3048 m = 68 Nm)
or
50 lbs x 1’ = 50 ft-lbs
An important step, often difficult to understand, is how we go from torque to bolt tension
force. For a given size bolt and nut, a scale can be attached and measure the force F, shown
above, and with a fixed distance D, the torque can be calculated. During this operation the
bolt elongates and the amount of elongation could be measured. Another bolt of the same
size is mounted in a tensile testing machine. This machine measures bolt tension force versus
elongation. In the former case torque versus elongation was measured. In the latter case
bolt tension force versus elongation was measured. Thus, torque versus bolt tension force
can be correlated.
It is also important to note that friction and variability of the lever arm length (where
the wrench is gripped) are all variables that contribute to the inaccuracies of using hand
wrenches. Accurately translating this torque number into compressive stress requires a
good understanding of the condition of the mating surfaces and friction factors involved
throughout the bolted connection.

Common Metals Description
304 Stainless Steel: An 18-8 (Chromium 18-20%, Nickel 8-10%) Stainless with a maximum
recommended working temperature of 1400°F (760°C). At least 80% of applications for non-
corrosive services can use Type 304 Stainless in the temperature range of -320°F to 1000°F
(-196°C to 538°C). Excellent corrosion resistance to a wide variety of chemicals. Subject to
stress corrosion cracking and to intergranular corrosion at temperature range of 800°F to
1500°F (427 to 815°C) in presence of certain media for prolonged periods of time.
304L Stainless Steel: Carbon content maintained at a maximum of .03%. Recommended

maximum working temperature of 1400°F (760°C) with same excellent corrosion resistance
as type 304. The low carbon content tends to reduce the precipitation of carbides along
grain boundaries. Less subject to intergranular corrosion than type 304.
316 Stainless Steel: 18-12 Chromium-Nickel steel with approximately 2% of Molybdenum

added to the straight 18-8 alloy, which increases its strength at elevated temperatures and
results in somewhat improved corrosion resistance. Has the highest creep strength at
elevated temperatures of any conventional stainless type. Not suitable for extended service
within the carbide precipitation range of 800°F to 1650°F (427°C to 899°C) when corrosive
conditions are severe. Recommended maximum working temperature of 1400°F (760°C).
316-L Stainless Steel: Continuous maximum temperature range of 1400°F to 1500°F

(760°C to 815°C). Carbon content held at a maximum of .03%. Subject to a lesser degree of
stress corrosion cracking and also to intergranular corrosions than type 304.
347 Stainless Steel: 18-10 Chromium-Nickel steel with the addition of Columbium. Not as
subject to intergranular corrosion as Type 304 is subject to stress corrosion. Recommended
working temperature ranges 1400 -1500°F (760°C to 815°C) and in some instances to
1700°F (927°C).
321 Stainless Steel: 18-10 Chromium-Nickel steel with a Titanium addition. Type 321
stainless has the same characteristics as Type 347. The recommended working temperature
is 1400 to 1500°F (760°C to 815°C). and in some instances 1600°F (871°C).
410 Stainless Steel: 12% Chromium steel with a maximum temperature range of 1200°F
to 1300°F (649°C to 704°C). Used for applications requiring good resistance to scaling at
elevated temperatures. Is not recommended for use where severe corrosion is encountered
but is still very useful for some chemical applications. May be used where dampness, alone or
coupled with chemical pollution, causes steel to fail quickly.
502/501 Stainless Steel: 4-6% Chromium and 1/2 Molybdenum alloyed for mild corrosive
resistance and elevated service. Maximum working temperature is 1200°F (649°C). If severe
corrosion is anticipated, a better grade of stainless steel would probably be a better choice.
Becomes extremely hard when welded.
Alloy 20: 45% Iron, 24% Nickel, 20% Chromium, and small amounts of Molybdenum and
Copper. Maximum temperature range of 1400 to 1500°F (760°C to 815°C). Developed
specifically for applications requiring resistance to corrosion by sulfuric acid.

137
Aluminum: Its excellent corrosion resistance and workability makes it ideal for double
jacketed gaskets. Maximum continuous service temperature of 800°F (427°C).
Brass: Excellent to good corrosion resistance in most environments, but is not suitable
for such materials as acetic acid, acetylene, ammonia, and salt. Maximum recommended
temperature limit of 500°F (260°C).
Carbon Steel: Commercial quality sheet steel with an upper temperature limit of
approximately 1000°F (538°C), particularly if conditions are oxidizing. Not suitable for
handling crude acids or aqueous solutions of salts in the neutral or acid range. A high rate of
failure may be expected in hot water service if the material is highly stressed. Concentrated
acids and most alkalis have little or no action on iron and steel gaskets which are used
regularly for such services.
Copper: Nearly pure copper with trace amounts of silver added to increase its working
temperature. Recommended maximum continuous working temperature of 500°F (260°C).
Hastelloy B®: 26-30% Molybdenum, 62% Nickel, and 4-6% Iron. Maximum temperature
range of 2000°F (1093°C). Resistant to hot, concentrated hydrochloric acid. Also resists the
corrosive effects of wet hydrogen chlorine gas, sulfuric and phosphoric acid and reducing salt
solutions. Useful for high temperature strength.
Hastelloy C-276®: 16-18% Molybdenum, 13-17.5% Chromium, 3.7-5.3% Tungsten, 4.5-

7% Iron, and the balance is Nickel. Maximum temperature range of 2000°F. Very good in
handling corrosives. High resistance to cold nitric acid of varying concentrations as well as
boiling nitric acid up to 70% concentration. Good resistance to hydrochloric acid and sulfuric
acid. Excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
Inconel 600®: Recommended working temperatures of 2000°F (1093°C) and in some

instances 2150°F (1177°C). It is a nickel base alloy containing 77 % Nickel, 15% Chromium,
and 7% Iron. Excellent high temperature strength. Frequently used to overcome the problem
of stress corrosion. Has excellent mechanical properties at the cryogenic temperature range.
Incoloy 800®: 32.5% Nickel, 46% Iron, 21% Chromium. Resistant to elevated temperatures,
oxidation, and carburization. Recommended maximum temperature of 1600°F (871°C).
Monel®: Maximum temperature range of 1500°F (815°C) containing 67% Nickel and
30% Copper. Excellent resistance to most acids and alkalis, except strong oxidizing acids.
Subject to stress corrosion cracking when exposed to fluorosilic acid, mercuric chloride and
mercury, and should not be used with these media. With PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), it
is widely used for hydrofluoric acid service.
Nickel 200: Recommended maximum working temperature is 1400°F (760°C) and even
higher under controlled conditions. Corrosion resistance makes it useful in caustic alkalis and
where resistance in structural applications to corrosion is a prime consideration. Does not
have all the around excellent resistance of Monel®.

Titanium: Maximum temperature range of 2000°F (1093°C). Excellent corrosion resistance
even at high temperatures. Known as the “Best solution” to chloride ion attack. Resistant to
nitric acid in a wide range of temperatures and concentrations. Most alkaline solutions have
little if any effect upon it. Outstanding in oxidizing environments.
Zirconium: Bio-compatible and non-toxic, excellent corrosion resistance to strong alkalies,

most organic and inorganic acids and salt water environments where even the best stainless
steels are not sufficient.
Duplex 2205: Dual Ferritic-Austenitic steel offers an excellent combination of both strength
and corrosion resistance. Higher content of chrome and molybdenum provides superior
resistance to general, pitting and crevice corrosion, while providing a higher yield strength
over standard austenitic grades. Suitable for environments containing chlorides and hydrogen
sulfide, dilute sulfuric acid solutions, organic acids.
AL6XN®: Of the 6 Moly group of materials, readily available in numerous forms.

Superaustenitic stainless steel with excellent resistance to chloride pitting and crevice
corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking. Originally developed for seawater applications,
offers good resistance to alkaline and salt solutions.
NOTE: Maximum Temperature ratings are based upon hot air constant temperatures. The presence
of contaminating fluids and cyclic conditions may drastically affect the maximum temperature
range
Monel®, Incoloy® and Inconel® are registered trademarks of Special Metals
Corporation.
AL6XN® is a registered trademark of ATI Properties, Inc.
Hastelloy is a registered trademark of Haynes International, Inc.

139
Bolt Reference Charts for ASME B16.5 Flanges
Class 150 Class 300

Length of Stud Length of Stud
Bolts [Note (1)] Bolts [Note (1)]
Outside Diameter Diameter Raised Outside Diameter Diameter Raised
Number Diameter Ring Number Diameter Ring
NPS Diameter of Bolt of Bolt Face NPS Diameter of Bolt of Bolt Face
of Bolts of Bolts Joint of Bolts of Bolts Joint
of Flange Circle Holes 0.06 in of Flange Circle Holes 0.06 in
1/2 3 1/2 2 3/8 5/8 4 1/2 2 1/4 - 1/2 3 3/4 2 5/8 5/8 4 1/2 2 1/2 3
3/4 3 7/8 2 3/4 5/8 4 1/2 2 1/2 - 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/4 3/4 4 5/8 3 3 1/2
1 4 1/4 3 1/8 5/8 4 1/2 2 1/2 3 1 4 7/8 3 1/2 3/4 4 5/8 3 3 1/2
1 1/4 4 5/8 3 1/2 5/8 4 1/2 2 3/4 3 1/4 1 1/4 5 1/4 3 7/8 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/4 3 3/4
1 1/2 5 3 7/8 5/8 4 1/2 2 3/4 3 1/4 1 1/2 6 1/8 4 1/2 7/8 4 3/4 3 1/2 4
2 6 4 3/4 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/4 3 3/4 2 6 1/2 5 3/4 8 5/8 3 1/2 4
2 1/2 7 5 1/2 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/2 4 2 1/2 7 1/2 5 7/8 7/8 8 3/4 4 4 1/2
3 7 1/2 6 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/2 4 3 8 1/4 6 5/8 7/8 8 3/4 4 1/4 4 3/4
3 1/2 8 1/2 7 3/4 8 5/8 3 1/2 4 3 1/2 9 7 1/4 7/8 8 3/4 4 1/4 5
4 9 7 1/2 3/4 8 5/8 3 1/2 4 4 10 7 7/8 7/8 8 3/4 4 1/2 5
5 10 8 1/2 7/8 8 3/4 3 3/4 4 1/4 5 11 9 1/4 7/8 8 3/4 4 3/4 5 1/4
6 11 9 1/2 7/8 8 3/4 4 4 1/2 6 12 1/2 10 5/8 7/8 12 3/4 4 3/4 5 1/2
8 13 1/2 11 3/4 7/8 8 3/4 4 1/4 4 3/4 8 15 13 1 12 7/8 5 1/2 6
10 16 14 3/4 1 12 7/8 4 1/2 5 10 17 1/2 15 1/4 1 1/8 16 1 6 1/4 6 3/4
12 19 17 1 12 7/8 4 3/4 5 1/4 12 20 1/2 17 3/4 1 1/4 16 1 1/8 6 3/4 7 1/4
14 21 18 3/4 1 1/8 12 1 5 1/4 5 3/4 14 23 20 1/4 1 1/4 20 1 1/8 7 7 1/2
16 23 1/2 21 1/4 1 1/8 16 1 5 1/4 5 3/4 16 25 1/2 22 1/2 1 3/8 20 1 1/4 7 1/2 8
18 25 22 3/4 1 1/4 16 1 1/8 5 3/4 6 1/4 18 28 24 3/4 1 3/8 24 1 1/4 7 3/4 8 1/4
20 27 1/2 25 1 1/4 20 1 1/8 6 1/4 6 3/4 20 30 1/2 27 1 3/8 24 1 1/4 8 8 3/4
24 32 29 1/2 1 1/4 20 1 1/4 6 3/4 7 1/4 24 36 32 1 5/8 24 1 1/2 9 10
Dimensions in Inches Dimensions in Inches
Class 600 Class 900

1/2 3 3/4 2 5/8 5/8 4 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 3/4 3 1/4 7/8 4 3/4 4 1/4 4 1/4
3/4 4 5/8 3 1/4 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/2 3 1/2 3/4 5 1/8 3 1/2 7/8 4 3/4 4 1/2 4 1/2
1 4 7/8 3 1/2 3/4 4 5/8 3 1/2 3 1/2 1 5 7/8 4 1 4 7/8 5 5
1 1/4 5 1/4 3 7/8 3/4 4 5/8 3 3/4 3 3/4 1 1/4 6 1/4 4 3/8 1 4 7/8 5 5
1 1/2 6 1/8 4 1/2 7/8 4 3/4 4 1/4 4 1/4 1 1/2 7 4 7/8 1 1/8 4 1 5 1/2 5 1/2
2 6 1/2 5 3/4 8 5/8 4 1/4 4 1/4 2 8 1/2 6 1/2 1 8 7/8 5 3/4 5 3/4
2 1/2 7 1/2 5 7/8 7/8 8 3/4 4 3/4 4 3/4 2 1/2 9 5/8 7 1/2 1 1/8 8 1 6 1/4 6 1/4
3 8 1/4 6 5/8 7/8 8 3/4 5 5 3 9 1/2 7 1/2 1 8 7/8 5 3/4 5 3/4
3 1/2 9 7 1/4 1 8 7/8 5 1/2 5 1/2 4 11 1/2 9 1/4 1 1/4 8 1 1/8 6 3/4 6 3/4
4 10 3/4 8 1/2 1 8 7/8 5 3/4 5 3/4 5 13 3/4 11 1 3/8 8 1 1/4 7 1/2 7 1/2
5 13 10 1/2 1 1/8 8 1 6 1/2 6 1/2 6 15 12 1/2 1 1/4 12 1 1/8 7 1/2 7 3/4
6 14 11 1/2 1 1/8 12 1 6 3/4 6 3/4 8 18 1/2 15 1/2 1 1/2 12 1 3/8 8 3/8 8 3/4
8 16 1/2 13 3/4 1 1/4 12 1 1/8 7 1/2 7 3/4 10 21 1/2 18 1/2 1 1/2 16 1 3/8 9 1/4 9 1/4
10 20 17 1 3/8 16 1 1/4 8 1/2 8 1/2 12 24 21 1 1/2 20 1 3/8 10 10
12 22 19 1/4 1 3/8 20 1 1/4 8 3/4 8 3/4 14 25 1/4 22 1 5/8 20 1 1/2 10 3/4 11
14 23 3/4 20 3/4 1 1/2 20 1 3/8 9 1/4 9 1/4 16 27 3/4 24 1/4 1 3/4 20 1 5/8 11 1/4 11 1/2
16 27 23 3/4 1 5/8 20 1 1/2 10 10 18 31 27 2 20 1 7/8 12 3/4 13 1/4
18 29 1/4 25 3/4 1 3/4 20 1 5/8 10 3/4 10 3/4 20 33 3/4 29 1/2 2 1/8 20 2 13 3/4 14 1/4
20 32 28 1/2 1 3/4 24 1 5/8 11 1/4 11 1/2 24 41 35 1/2 2 5/8 20 2 1/2 17 1/4 18
24 37 33 2 24 1 7/8 13 13 1/4 Dimensions in Inches
Dimensions in Inches

Bolt Reference Charts for ASME B16.5 Flanges Cont.
Class 1500 Class 2500

1/2 4 3/4 3 1/4 7/8 4 3/4 4 1/4 4 1/4 1/2 5 1/4 3 1/2 7/8 4 3/4 4 3/4 4 3/4
3/4 5 1/8 3 1/2 7/8 4 3/4 4 1/2 4 1/2 3/4 5 1/2 3 3/4 7/8 4 3/4 5 5
1 5 7/8 4 1 4 7/8 5 5 1 6 1/4 4 1/4 1 4 7/8 5 1/2 5 1/2
1 1/4 6 1/4 4 3/8 1 4 7/8 5 5 1 1/4 7 1/4 5 1/8 1 1/8 4 1 6 6
1 1/2 7 4 7/8 1 1/8 4 1 5 1/2 5 1/2 1 1/2 8 5 3/4 1 1/4 4 1 1/8 6 3/4 6 3/4
2 8 1/2 6 1/2 1 8 7/8 5 3/4 5 3/4 2 9 1/4 6 3/4 1 1/8 8 1 7 7
2 1/2 9 5/8 7 1/2 1 1/8 8 1 6 1/4 6 1/4 2 1/2 10 1/2 7 3/4 1 1/4 8 1 1/8 7 3/4 8
3 10 1/2 8 1 1/4 8 1 1/8 7 7 3 12 9 1 3/8 8 1 1/4 8 3/4 9
4 12 1/4 9 1/2 1 3/8 8 1 1/4 7 3/4 7 3/4 4 14 10 3/4 1 5/8 8 1 1/2 10 10 1/4
5 14 3/4 11 1/2 1 5/8 8 1 1/2 9 3/4 9 3/4 5 16 1/2 12 3/4 1 7/8 8 1 3/4 11 3/4 12 1/4
6 15 1/2 12 1/2 1 1/2 12 1 3/8 10 1/4 10 1/2 6 19 14 1/2 2 1/8 8 2 13 1/2 14
8 19 15 1/2 1 3/4 12 1 5/8 11 1/2 12 3/4 8 21 3/4 17 1/4 2 1/8 12 2 15 15 1/2
10 23 19 2 12 1 7/8 13 1/4 13 1/2 10 26 1/2 21 1/4 5 5/8 12 2 1/2 19 1/4 20
12 26 1/2 22 1/2 2 1/8 16 2 14 3/4 15 1/4 12 30 24 3/8 2 7/8 12 2 3/4 21 1/4 22
14 29 1/2 25 2 3/8 16 2 1/4 16 16 3/4 Dimensions in Inches
16 32 1/2 27 3/4 2 5/8 16 2 1/2 17 1/2 18 1/2
18 36 30 1/2 2 7/8 16 2 3/4 19 1/2 20 3/4
20 38 3/4 32 3/4 3 1/8 16 3 21 1/4 22 1/4
24 46 39 3 5/8 16 3 1/2 24 1/4 25 1/2
Standard Length Non-Standard Length

Stud Bolt Stud Bolt
Note (2)
Length Measurement Used Length Measurement Used
Point Point
Note: (1) All studs are measured using effective thread length Note: (2) Length of point on studs and stud bolts shall be not
which is first thread to first thread. See diagrams less than one nor more than two complete threads as
above. Dimensions are in inches. Measurements based measured from the extreme end parallel to the axis.
on ASME B 16.5 flange specifications. Typically 1/8” (3.175 mm).

141
Bolt Reference Charts for ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges
Class 150 Class 300

Outside Diameter Diameter Length of Outside Diameter Diameter Length of
Number Diameter Number Diameter
NPS Diameter of Bolt of Bolt Stud Bolts NPS Diameter of Bolt of Bolt Stud Bolts
of Bolts of Bolts of Bolts of Bolts
of Flange Circle Holes [Note (1)] of Flange Circle Holes [Note (1)]
26 34 1/4 31 3/4 1 3/8 24 1 1/4 8 3/4 26 38 1/4 34 1/2 1 3/4 28 1 5/8 10 1/2
28 36 1/2 34 1 3/8 28 1 1/4 9 28 40 3/4 37 1 3/4 28 1 5/8 11
30 38 3/4 36 1 3/8 28 1 1/4 9 1/4 30 43 39 1/4 1 7/8 28 1 3/4 11 3/4
32 41 3/4 38 1/2 1 5/8 28 1 1/2 10 1/2 32 45 1/4 41 1/2 2 28 1 7/8 12 3/4
34 43 3/4 40 1/2 1 5/8 32 1 1/2 10 1/2 34 47 1/2 43 1/2 2 28 1 7/8 13
36 46 42 3/4 1 5/8 32 1 1/2 11 1/4 36 50 46 2 1/8 32 2 13 1/2
38 48 3/4 45 1/4 1 5/8 32 1 1/2 11 38 46 43 1 5/8 32 1 1/2 12 3/4
40 50 3/4 47 1/4 1 5/8 36 1 1/2 11 1/4 40 48 3/4 45 1/2 1 3/4 32 1 5/8 13 1/2
42 53 49 1/2 1 5/8 36 1 1/2 11 3/4 42 50 3/4 47 1/2 1 3/4 32 1 5/8 13 3/4
44 55 1/4 51 3/4 1 5/8 40 1 1/2 12 44 53 1/4 49 3/4 1 7/8 32 1 3/4 14 1/2
46 57 1/4 53 3/4 1 5/8 40 1 1/2 12 1/4 46 55 3/4 52 2 28 1 7/8 15
48 59 1/2 56 1 5/8 44 1 1/2 12 3/4 48 57 3/4 54 2 32 1 7/8 15 1/2
50 61 3/4 58 1/4 1 7/8 44 1 3/4 13 1/2 50 60 1/4 56 1/4 2 1/8 32 2 16 1/4
52 64 60 1/2 1 7/8 44 1 3/4 13 3/4 52 62 1/4 58 1/4 2 1/8 32 2 16 1/2
54 66 1/4 62 3/4 1 7/8 44 1 3/4 14 1/4 54 65 1/4 61 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 17 3/4
56 68 3/4 65 1 7/8 48 1 3/4 14 1/2 56 67 1/4 63 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 17 3/4
58 71 67 1/4 1 7/8 48 1 3/4 14 3/4 58 69 1/4 65 2 3/8 32 2 1/4 18 1/4
60 73 69 1/4 1 7/8 52 1 3/4 15 60 71 1/4 67 2 3/8 32 2 1/4 18 3/4
Class 400 Class 600

26 38 1/4 34 1/2 1 7/8 28 1 3/4 12 26 40 36 2 28 1 7/8 14
28 40 3/4 37 2 28 1 7/8 13 28 42 1/4 38 2 1/8 28 2 14 1/2
30 43 39 1/4 2 1/8 28 2 13 1/2 30 44 1/2 40 1/4 2 1/8 28 2 14 1/2
32 45 1/4 41 1/2 2 1/8 28 2 14 32 47 42 1/2 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 15 1/2
34 47 1/2 43 1/2 2 1/8 28 2 14 1/4 34 49 44 1/2 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 15 3/4
36 50 46 2 1/8 32 2 14 1/2 36 51 3/4 47 2 5/8 28 2 1/2 16 1/2
38 47 1/2 44 1 7/8 32 1 3/4 15 38 50 45 3/4 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 18 1/4
40 50 46 1/4 2 32 1 7/8 15 1/2 40 52 47 3/4 2 3/8 32 2 1/4 18 3/4
42 52 48 1/4 2 32 1 7/8 16 42 55 1/4 50 1/2 2 5/8 28 2 1/2 20
44 54 1/2 50 1/2 2 1/8 32 2 16 1/2 44 57 1/4 52 1/2 2 5/8 32 2 1/2 20 1/4
46 56 3/4 52 3/4 2 1/8 36 2 17 46 59 1/2 54 3/4 2 5/8 32 2 1/2 20 3/4
48 59 1/2 55 1/4 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 18 1/4 48 62 3/4 57 1/2 2 7/8 32 2 3/4 22 1/4
50 61 3/4 57 1/2 2 3/8 32 2 1/4 18 3/4 50 65 3/4 60 3 1/8 28 3 23 3/4
52 63 3/4 59 1/2 2 3/8 32 2 1/4 19 52 67 3/4 62 3 1/8 32 3 23 3/4
54 67 62 1/4 2 5/8 28 2 1/2 20 1/4 54 70 64 1/4 3 1/8 32 3 24 1/4
56 69 64 1/4 2 5/8 32 2 1/2 20 1/2 56 73 66 3/4 3 3/8 32 3 1/4 25 1/2
58 71 66 1/4 2 5/8 32 2 1/2 20 3/4 58 75 68 3/4 3 3/8 32 3 1/4 25 3/4
60 74 1/4 69 2 7/8 32 2 3/4 22 60 78 1/2 71 3/4 3 5/8 28 3 1/2 27 1/4
Class 900
Outside Diameter Diameter Length of
Number Diameter
NPS Diameter of Bolt of Bolt Stud Bolts
of Bolts of Bolts
of Flange Circle Holes [Note (1)]
26 42 3/4 37 1/2 2 7/8 20 2 3/4 18 1/4
28 46 40 1/4 3 1/8 20 3 19
30 48 1/2 42 3/4 3 1/8 20 3 19 1/2
32 51 3/4 45 1/2 3 3/8 20 3 1/4 20 3/4
34 55 48 1/4 3 5/8 20 3 1/2 21 3/4
36 57 1/2 50 3/4 3 5/8 20 3 1/2 22 1/4
38 57 1/2 50 3/4 3 5/8 20 3 1/2 23 3/4
40 59 1/2 52 3/4 3 5/8 24 3 1/2 24 1/4
42 61 1/2 54 3/4 3 5/8 24 3 1/2 25
44 64 7/8 57 5/8 3 7/8 24 3 3/4 26 1/4
46 68 1/4 60 1/2 4 1/8 24 4 27 1/2
48 70 1/4 62 1/2 4 1/8 24 4 28 1/4

Bolt Reference Charts for ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges
Class 150 Class 300

26 30 15/16 29 5/16 7/8 36 3/4 5 1/2 26 34 1/8 31 5/8 1 3/8 32 1 1/4 10 1/2
28 32 15/16 31 5/16 7/8 40 3/4 5 3/4 28 36 1/4 33 3/4 1 3/8 36 1 1/4 10 1/2
30 34 15/16 33 5/16 7/8 44 3/4 5 3/4 30 39 36 1/4 1 1/2 36 1 3/8 11 1/4
32 37 1/16 35 7/16 7/8 48 3/4 5 3/4 32 41 1/2 38 1/2 1 5/8 32 1 1/2 12 1/4
34 39 9/16 37 11/16 1 40 7/8 6 1/4 34 43 5/8 40 5/8 1 5/8 36 1 1/2 12 1/4
36 41 5/8 39 3/4 1 44 7/8 6 3/4 36 46 1/8 42 7/8 1 3/4 32 1 5/8 12 1/2
38 44 1/4 42 1/8 1 1/8 40 1 7 1/4 38 48 1/8 44 7/8 1 3/4 36 1 5/8 13 1/4
40 46 1/4 44 1/8 1 1/8 44 1 7 1/4 40 50 1/8 46 7/8 1 3/4 40 1 5/8 13 1/2
42 48 1/4 46 1/8 1 1/8 48 1 7 1/2 42 52 1/2 49 1 7/8 36 1 3/4 14
44 50 1/4 48 1/8 1 1/8 52 1 7 3/4 44 54 1/2 51 1 7/8 40 1 3/4 14 3/4
46 52 13/16 50 9/16 1 1/4 40 1 1/8 8 46 57 1/2 53 3/4 2 36 1 7/8 15
48 54 13/16 52 9/16 1 1/4 44 1 1/8 8 1/4 48 59 1/2 55 3/4 2 40 1 7/8 15
50 56 13/16 54 9/16 1 1/4 48 1 1/8 8 1/2 50 61 1/2 57 3/7 2 44 1 7/8 15 3/4
52 58 13/16 56 9/16 1 1/4 52 1 1/8 8 3/4 52 63 1/2 59 3/4 2 48 1 7/8 16
54 61 58 3/4 1 1/4 56 1 1/8 8 3/4 54 65 7/8 62 1/8 2 48 1 7/8 15 3/4
56 63 60 3/4 1 1/4 60 1 1/8 9 56 69 1/2 65 2 3/8 36 2 1/4 17 3/4
58 65 15/16 63 7/16 1 3/8 48 1 1/4 9 1/4 58 71 15/16 67 7/16 2 3/8 40 2 1/4 17 3/4
60 67 15/16 65 7/16 1 3/8 52 1 1/4 9 1/2 60 73 15/16 69 7/16 2 3/8 40 2 1/4 17 1/2
Class 400 Class 600

26 33 1/2 30 3/4 1 1/2 28 1 3/8 11 1/4 26 35 31 3/4 1 3/4 28 1 5/8 13 3/4
28 36 33 1 5/8 24 1 1/2 12 28 37 1/2 34 1 7/8 28 1 3/4 14 1/4
30 38 1/4 35 1/4 1 5/8 28 1 1/2 12 1/2 30 40 1/4 36 1/2 2 28 1 7/8 15 1/4
32 40 3/4 37 1/2 1 3/4 28 1 5/8 13 1/2 32 42 3/4 38 3/4 2 1/8 28 2 15 3/4
34 42 3/4 39 1/2 1 3/4 32 1 5/8 13 3/4 34 45 3/4 41 1/2 2 3/8 24 2 1/4 17 1/4
36 45 1/2 42 1 7/8 28 1 3/4 15 1/2 36 47 3/4 43 1/2 2 3/8 28 2 1/4 17 3/4
Class 900
Outside Diameter Diameter Length of
Number Diameter
NPS Diameter of Bolt of Bolt Stud Bolts
of Bolts of Bolts
of Flange Circle Holes [Note (1)]
26 40 1/4 35 1/2 2 5/8 20 2 1/2 17 1/4
28 43 1/2 38 1/4 2 7/8 20 2 3/4 19
30 46 1/2 40 3/4 3 1/8 20 3 20
32 48 3/4 43 3 1/8 20 3 20 1/4
34 51 3/4 45 1/2 3 3/8 20 3 1/4 21 3/4
36 53 47 1/4 3 1/8 24 3 21 1/4

143
Torque Required to Produce Bolt Stress
The torque or turning effort required to produce a certain stress in bolting is dependent
upon a number of conditions, some of which are:
1. Diameter of Bolt;
2. Type and number of threads on bolt;
3. Material of bolt;
4. Condition of nut bearing surfaces; and,
5. Lubrication of bolt threads and net bearing surfaces.
The table below reflect the results of many tests to determine the relation between torque
and bolt stress. Values are based on steel bolting well lubricated with a heavy graphite and oil
mixture with a friction value of 0.177.
It was found that a non-lubricated bolt has an efficiecy of about 50% of a well lubricated bolt
and also that different lubricants produce results varying between the limits of 50 and 100%
of the tabulated stress figures.
Torque Chart
Nominal Diameter Area Bolt Stress
Diameter at Root at Root 30,000 PSI 45,000 PSI 60,000 PSI
of Stud of Threads of Threads Torque Compression Torque Compression Torque Compression
(Inches) (Inches) (Sq. Inches) Ft. Lbs. Lbs. Ft. Lbs. Lbs. Ft. Lbs. Lbs.
1/4 0.185 0.027 4 810 6 1215 8 1620
5/16 0.24 0.045 8 1350 12 2025 16 2700
3/8 0.294 0.068 12 2040 18 3060 24 4080
7/16 0.345 0.093 20 2790 30 4185 40 5580
1/2 0.4 0.126 30 3780 45 5670 60 7560
9/16 0.454 0.162 45 4860 68 7290 90 9720
5/8 0.507 0.202 60 6060 90 9090 120 12120
3/4 0.62 0.302 100 9060 150 13590 200 18120
7/8 0.731 0.419 160 12570 240 18855 320 25140
1 0.838 0.551 245 16530 368 24795 490 33060
1 1/8 0.963 0.728 355 21840 533 32760 710 43680
1 1/4 1.088 0.929 500 27870 750 41805 1000 55740
1 3/8 1.213 1.155 680 34650 1020 51975 1360 69300
1 1/2 1.338 1.405 800 42150 1200 63225 1600 84300
1 5/8 1.463 1.68 1100 50400 1650 75600 2200 100800
1 3/4 1.588 1.98 1500 59400 2250 89100 3000 118800
1 7/8 1.713 2.304 2000 69120 3000 103680 4000 138240
2 1.838 2.652 2200 79560 3300 119340 4400 159120
2 1/4 2.088 3.423 3180 102690 4770 154035 6360 205380
2 1/2 2.338 4.292 4400 128760 6600 193140 8800 257520
2 3/4 2.588 5.259 5920 157770 8880 236655 11840 315540
3 2.838 6.324 7720 189720 11580 284580 15440 379440

Chapter 4
Section IV - APPENDIX
Chemical Resistance Chart A: Good Resistance
B: Moderate Resistance
Non-Metallic Materials U: Unsatisfactory
Compressed Sheet Metal Reinforced FG

Media PTFE MICA
L-441 L-430 L-640W L-450 L-443 L-540 LG-SS LG-TC
Acetic Acid (Room Temp.) A A B A A B A A A A
Acetic Anhydride (Room Temp.) A A A
Acetone B B A B B B A A A B
Aluminum Chloride (Room Temp.) A A A A A A B B A A
Alumium Fluoride (Room Temp.) A
Aluminum Sulphate A A A
Ammonia (Anhydrous) A A B A A A A A A A
Ammonium Chloride A A A A A A A A A A
Ammonium Hydroxide B B B A A B A A A A
Ammonium Nitrate A A A
Ammonium Phosphate A A A
Ammonium Sulphate A A A
Amyl Acetate B B B B B A A A A A
Aniline U U B U U U A A A B
Barium Chloride A A A A A A A A A A
Beer A A A
Benzene A A U A A A A A A B
Benzol A A
Borax A A A A
Boric Acid A A A A A A A A
Bromine U U A
Butyl Alcohol A A A A A A A A A B
Calcium Carbonate A A
Calcium Chloride A A A A A A B B A A
Calcium Hydroxide A A A A A A A A A A
Calcium Hypochlorite A A A A A B A A A
Carbolic Acid A
Carbon Tetrachloride B B U B B U A A A B
Chlorine - Dry A A B A A A B B A B
Chlorine - Wet B B B U B U U U A
Chromic Acid B B U B U U A B
Citric Acid A A A A A A A A
Copper Chloride U U A
Copper Sulphate A A A A A A B B A A
Creosote (Coal Tar) U U B U U B A A A
Crude Oil A A A A
Ether A A A
Ethyl Acetate B B B B B B A A A B
Ethyl Chloride B B U B B B A A A B
Ferric Chloride U U A
Ferric Sulphate A A A
Formaldehyde A A A A A A A A A B
Formic Acid A A
Fuel Oil A A A
Fuel Oil (Acid) A A A A
Furfural A A A
Gasoline A A B
Glue A A
Glycerin A A A A A A A A A A
Hydrobromic Acid A
Hydrochloric Acid Room Temp. 150 F A A
Hydrocyanic Acid A
Hydrofluoric Acid U U A
Hydrofluosilicic Acid A
Hydrogen Peroxide A A A A A A B B A A
Hydrogen Sulphide A A U A A A B B A
Kerosene A A U A A A A A A A
Lactic Acid A A A A A A A A
Linseed Oil A A B A A A A A
Lye (Caustic) A

145
Chemical Resistance Chart (Cont.) A: Good Resistance
Non-Metallic Materials U: Unsatisfactory
Compressed Sheet Metal Reinforced FG

Media PTFE MICA
L-441 L-430 L-640W L-450 L-443 L-540 LG-SS LG-TC
Manganese Carbonate
Manganese Chloride U U A
Mangnesium Carbonate
Magnesium Chloride A A A
Magnesium Hydroxide A A A
Magnesium Nitrate B B
Magnesium Sulphate A A A A A A B B A A
Methylene Chloride U U B U U U B B A
Mercuric Chloride B B
Mercury A A
Muriatic Acid U U
Nitric Acid-Diluted U U U U U U A A A
Nitric Acid-Concentrated U U U U U U A
Nitrous Acid A
Nitrous Oxide U U A
Oleic Acid A A A A A A A A A A
Oxalic Acid B B U B B B A A A A
Petroleum Oils-Crude A A A
Phosphoric Acid A A A A A A A A A A
Picric Acid B B A
Potassium Bromide B B A
Potassium Carbonate A A A A A A A A A
Potassium Chloride A A A A A A A A A A
Potassium Cyanide A A A A A A A A A A
Potassium Hydroxide B B B A B B B B A A
Potassium Suphate A A A
Sea Water A A A A A A A A A A
Sewage B B
Silver Nitrate A A A
Soaps A A A
Sodium Bicarbonate A A A A A A A A A A
Sodium Bisulphate A A A A A A A A A
Sodium Bromide A
Sodium Carbonate B B A
Sodium Chloride A A A A A A U U A A
Sodium Hydroxide B B B A B B A A
Sodium Hyperchlorite U U A
Sodium Nitrate A
Sodium Peroxide U U A
Sodium Phosphate A A A
Sodium Silicate A A A A A A A A A A
Sodium Sulphate A A A A A A A A A A
Sodium Sulphide A A A A A A A A A A
Soy Bean Oil
Steam B B B A A B A A A A
Stearic Acid A A A A A A A A
Stannic Chloride U U A
Sulphur Chloride A
Sulphur Dioxide-Dry U U B B U B B B A A
Sulphuric Acid - <10%-Cold A U
Sulphuric Acid - <10%-Hot A U
Sulphuric Acid - 10-50% Cold U U U U U B A U
Sulphuric Acid - 10-50% Hot A U
Suphuric Acid - Fuming U U A
Sulphurous Acid B B B B U B U U A A
Sulphur-Molten B B
Tannic Acid A A A A A A A A A A
Tartaric Acid A A A A A A A A A A
Vinegar A A A
Zinc Chloride B B A
Zinc Sulphate A A A

A: Good Resistance
Chemical Resistance Chart (Cont.)
U: Unsatisfactory Metallic Materials
Metal
Media Aluminum Alloy 20 Copper Hastelloy® Inconel®600 Monel®400 Nickel 200 304 SS 316 SS 410 SS Steel
Acetic Acid (Room Temp.) A A A A B B B A A A U
Acetic Anhydride (Room Temp.) A A A A B B A A A A B
Acetone A A A A A A A A A A A
Aluminum Chloride (Room Temp.) U A B A -- B B U U U U
Alumium Fluoride (Room Temp.) B A B A -- B B U U U B
Aluminum Sulphate B A B A B B B A A B U
Ammonia (Anhydrous) A A U A A B B A A A B
Ammonium Chloride U A U A A B B U B B B
Ammonium Hydroxide B A U A A U U A A A A
Ammonium Nitrate A A U A B U U A A A A
Ammonium Phosphate A A B A B B B A A A U
Ammonium Sulphate U A B A B B B U A A A
Amyl Acetate A A A A A A A A A -- B
Aniline B A A A B B B A A A A
Barium Chloride B A B A A -- B B A A B
Beer A A A A A A A A A A A
Benzene A A A A A A B A A A A
Benzol A A A A B A B A A A A
Borax A -- A A A A -- A A A A
Boric Acid A A A A B B B A A A U
Bromine A A A A A A A U U U U
Butyl Alcohol A A A A A A A A A A A
Calcium Carbonate A A A A A A A A A A A
Calcium Chloride B A A A A B B B A U A
Calcium Hydroxide B A A A B B B B B A A
Calcium Hypochlorite U U U A U U B B A B U
Carbolic Acid A A A A B B B A A U U
Carbon Tetrachloride B A B A A A A A A A U
Chlorine - Dry A A A A A A A U U U A
Chlorine - Wet U U U U B B B U U U U
Chromic Acid B A U A B U U A A B --
Citric Acid A A A A B B B A A A U
Copper Chloride U -- U A U U U U B B B
Copper Sulphate U A B A B B B A A A U
Creosote (Coal Tar) B A A -- B B B A A -- A
Crude Oil A A B A -- B -- A A A A
Ether A A A A B B B A A A A
Ethyl Acetate A A A A A A A A A -- A
Ethyl Chloride B A A A -- B B A A A A
Ferric Chloride U U U A U U U U U U U
Ferric Sulphate B A B A U U U A A A U
Formaldehyde B A A A A A A A A A B
Formic Acid U A A A B B B B A U U
Fuel Oil A A A A B B A A A -- A
Fuel Oil (Acid) B A B A U B U U B -- B
Furfural A A A A B A B A A -- A
Gasoline A A A A A A A A A A A
Glue A A A A A A A A A A A
Glycerin A A A A A A A A A A A
Hydrobromic Acid U U U A U U U U U U U
Hydrochloric Acid Room Temp. 150 F U U U A U U U U U U U
Hydrocyanic Acid A A C A -- B -- A A U B
Hydrofluoric Acid U U U A A A A U U U U
Hydrofluosilicic Acid -- A U A B -- B U U -- U
Hydrogen Peroxide A A C A B B B A A A U
Hydrogen Sulphide A A A A B B B A A A U
Kerosene A A A A A A A A A A A
Lactic Acid B A A A B U U B B A U
Linseed Oil A A B A A A A A A A A
Lye (Caustic) U A B A A A A A A B A
Manganese Carbonate A A A -- B B B A A A --
Manganese Chloride U B B -- B B B A A -- --
Mangnesium Carbonate B A A A A A A A A A --
Magnesium Chloride B A B A A A A A A U B

147
Chemical Resistance Chart (Cont.) A: Good Resistance
Metallic Materials U: Unsatisfactory
Metal
Media
Aluminum Alloy 20 Copper Hastelloy® Inconel®600 Monel®400 Nickel 200 304 SS 316 SS 410 SS Steel
Magnesium Hydroxide U A A A A A A A A -- A
Magnesium Nitrate A A B A B B -- A A A B
Magnesium Sulphate A A A A B B B A A A A
Methylene Chloride U U U A U U U U U U B
Mercuric Chloride U U U A U U U U U U U
Mercury U A U A A B B A A A A
Muriatic Acid U U U A U U U U U U U
Nitric Acid-Diluted U A U A U U U A A A U
Nitric Acid-Concentrated A A U A U U U A A A U
Nitrous Acid B A B -- B -- -- A A A --
Nitrous Oxide A A A A U A U -- -- -- B
Oleic Acid A A A A A B B A A B B
Oxalic Acid B A A A B B B A A -- U
Petroleum Oils-Crude A A U A A A A A A A A
Phosphoric Acid U A B A B B B A A B U
Picric Acid A A A U U U A A A A
Potassium Bromide B A A A B A B B A -- B
Potassium Carbonate B A A A B A B A A A B
Potassium Chloride B A B A B B B A A A A
Potassium Cyanide U A U A B B B A A A A
Potassium Hydroxide U A U A B A A B A -- B
Potassium Suphate A A A -- B B B A A -- A
Sea Water B A B A B B B A A U B
Sewage B -- B -- -- -- -- A A -- B
Silver Nitrate U A U B B U U A A A U
Soaps B A B A A A A A A A A
Sodium Bicarbonate B A A A A A A A A A B
Sodium Bisulphate B A B A B B B A A -- U
Sodium Bromide B A A A B B B A A -- B
Sodium Carbonate B A A A B B B A A A A
Sodium Chloride B A A A A A A A A -- A
Sodium Hydroxide U A B A A A A A A A A
Sodium Hyperchlorite U B U A U U U B A U U
Sodium Nitrate A A A A A B B A A A A
Sodium Peroxide A A B A B B B A A -- B
Sodium Phosphate A A A A B B B A A -- B
Sodium Silicate B A A A -- B -- A A A A
Sodium Sulphate A A A A B B B A A A A
Sodium Sulphide U A U A B -- B B -- B A
Soy Bean Oil A A A A -- B -- A A -- --
Steam A A B -- A A A A A A A
Stearic Acid A A A A B B B A A A B
Stannic Chloride U A U A B B B A A U --
Sulphur Chloride U A A A -- B B U U U B
Sulphur Dioxide-Dry A A A A A A A A A -- A
Sulphuric Acid - <10%-Cold B A B A U B B U B U U
Sulphuric Acid - <10%-Hot U B U A U B U U U U U
Sulphuric Acid - 10-50% Cold U A U A U B U U U -- U
Sulphuric Acid - 10-50% Hot U U U A U U U U U U U
Suphuric Acid - Fuming A A U A U U U A A -- B
Sulphurous Acid B A U A U U U U B U A
Sulphur-Molten A A U A A U U A A A A
Tannic Acid B A A A B B B A A A U
Tartaric Acid B A A A B B B A A U U
Vinegar B A B A A A A A A A B
Zinc Chloride U A B B B B B U U U B
Zinc Sulphate B A A A B B B A A A B

Recognized Temperature Limits
Compresses Sheet Materials
Temperature (°F) Temperature (°C)
Material Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
L-441 -40 400 -40 204
L-430 -40 400 -40 204
L-640W -40 400 -40 204
L-450 -40 650 -40 343
L-443 -40 500 -40 260
L-540 -40 400 -40 204
Non-Metallic Materials
Temperature (°F) Temperature (°C)
Material Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Buna-N Rubber (Nitrile, NBR) -60 250 -51 121
Ceramic Fiber Cryogenic 2000 Cryogenic 1093
Chlorosulfonated Polyethelene (Hypalon®) -50 275 -46 135
CR (Chloroprene) (Neoprene) -60 250 -51 121
EPDM (Ethylene Propylene) Monomer -70 350 -57 177
Fluorocarbon (Viton®) -15 450 -26 232
Oxidation Inhibited Graphite Cryogenic 975 Cryogenic 524
Graphite Cryogenic 850 Cryogenic 454
Natural Rubber -70 200 -57 93
PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) -140 450 -96 232
SBR (Styrene-Butadiene) -65 250 -54 121
Silicones -65 500 -54 260
Mica Cryogenic 1832 Cryogenic 1000
Metallic Materials
Maximum Temperature
Material °F °C
Carbon Steel 1000 538
304 SS 1400 760
309 SS 2000 1095
310 SS 2100 1150
316 SS 1400 760
321 SS 1500 815
347 SS 1700 925
410 SS 1300 705
430 SS 1500 815
501 SS 1200 649
Alloy 20 1500 815
Aluminum 800 427
Brass 500 260
Copper 500 260
Hastelloy® B & C 2000 1095
Inconel® 600 2000 1095
Incolloy® 800 1600 871
Monel® 1500 815
Nickel 1400 760
Phosphor Bronze 500 260
Tantalum 3000 1649
Titanium 2000 1095
Note: Maximum temperature ratings are based upon hot air
constant temperatures. The presence of contaminating fluids and
cyclic conditions may drastically affect the maximum tempera-
ture range.

149
Galvanic Corrosion
Galvanic Corrosion is the corrosion that results when two different metals with different
potentials are placed in electrical contact in an electrolyte. Difference in electrical potential
exists between the different metals and serves as the driving force for electrical current
flow through the corroding electrolyte. The current flow results in corrosion of one of the
metals. The larger the potential difference, the greater the probability of galvanic corrosion.
Galvanic corrosion only causes deterioration of one of the metals. The less resistant, active
metal becomes the anodic corrosion site. The stronger, more noble metal is cathodic and
protected.
Metals close to one another on the chart generally do not have a strong effect on one
another, but the farther apart any two metals are separated, the stronger the corroding
effect on the one higher in the list. The following list represents the potential available to
promote a corrosive reaction, however the actual corrosion in each application is difficult to
predict. Typically, the presence of an electrolyte is necessary to promote galvanic corrosion.

Galvanic Corrosion Chart
Magnesium
Magnesium Alloys
Anodic (least noble) Corroded

Zinc
Beryllium
Aluminum 1100, 3003, 3004, 5052, 6053
Cadmium
Anodic (least noble) Corroded

Aluminum 2017, 2024, 2117
Mild Steel 1018, Wrought Iron
HSLA Steel, Cast Iron
Chrome Iron (Active)
430 Stainless (Active)
302, 303, 321, 347, 410, 416 Stainless Steel (Active)
Ni-Resist
316, 317 Stainless (Active)
Carpenter 20Cb-3 Stainless (Active)
Aluminum Bronze (CA687)
Hastelloy®C (Active) Inconel®625 (Active) Titanium (Active)
Lead / Tin Solder
Lead / Tin Solder
Tin
Inconel®600 (Active)
Nickel (Active)
60% Ni 15% Cr (Active)
80% Ni 20% Cr (Active)
Hastelloy®B (Active)
Naval Brass (CA464), Yellow Brass (CA268)
Reb Brass (CA230), Admiralty Brass (CA443)
Copper (CA102)
Manganese Bronze (CA675), Tin Bronze (CA903, 905)
410, 416 Stainless (passive) Phosphor Bronze (CA521, 524)
Silicon Bronze (CA651, 655)
Nickel Silver (CA732, 735, 745, 752, 754, 757, 765, 770, 794)
Cupro Nickel 90-10
Cupro Nickel 80-20
430 Stainless (passive)
Cupro Nickel 70-30
Cathodic (most noble) Protected
Nickel Aluminum Bronze (CA 630, 632)

Monel®400, K500
Sliver Solder
Nickel (passive)
Cathodic (most noble) Protected
60% Ni 15% Cr (passive)

Inconel®600 (passive)
80% Ni 20% Cr (passive)
Chrome Iron (passive)
302, 303, 304, 321, 347 Stainless (passive)
316, 317 Stainless (passive)
Carpenter 20Cb-3 Stainless (passive), Incoloy 825 (passive)
Silver
Titanium (passive), Hastelloy®C & C276 (passive)
Graphite
Zirconium
Gold
Platinum

151
Temperature Conversion
To convert between degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and degrees Celsius (°C):

Tc = (5/9) x (Tf -32)
Tf = (9/5) x Tc + 32
Where: Tc is temperature in Celsius
Tf is temperature in Fahrenheit
To convert between degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and Kelvin (K):

Tf = ((9/5) x (Tk -273.15)) + 32
Tk = (5/9 x (Tf -32)) -273.15

Where: Tf is temperature in Fahrenheit
Tk is temperature in Kelvin
To convert between degrees Fahrenheit (°F) to Rankine (R):

Tf = TR – 459.69
T = Tf +459.69
Where: Tf is temperature in Fahrenheit
TR is temperature in Rankine
To convert between degrees Celsius (°C) to Kelvin (K):

Tc = TK + 273.15
TK = Tc – 273.15
Tk is temperature in Kelvin
To convert between degree Celsius (°C) to Rankine (R):

Tc = (5/9) x (TR – 491.69)
TR = (9/5) x Tc +491.69
To convert between Kelvin (K) and Rankine (R):

Tk = (5/9) x (TR -764.84)
TR = 9/5 x Tk +764.84
Where: Tk is temperature in Kelvin

Pressure Conversion
To convert between inches of mercury (inHg) and millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or torr:
P mmHg = 25.4 x P inHg
P inHg = 0.03937008 x P mmHg
To convert between inches of mercury (inHg) and millibars (mb) or hectopascals (hPa)
P mb = 33.8639 x P inHg
P inHg = 0.0295300 x P mb
To convert between inches of mercury (inHg) and kilopascals (kPa)

P kPa = 3.38639 x (P inHg/10)
P inHg = 0.295300 x P kPa
To convert between inches of mercury (inHg) and pounds per square inch (psi)
P psi = 0.491130 x P inHg
P inHg = 2.03602 x P psi
To convert between torr or millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and millibars (mb) or

hectopascals (hPa)
P mb = 1.333224 x P mmHg
P mmHg = 0.750062 x P mb
To convert between torr or millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and kilopascals (kPa)
P kPa = 0.1333224 x (P mmHg/10)
P mmHg = 7.50062 x P kPa
To convert between torr or millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and pounds per square inch
(psi)
P psi = 0.0193368 x P mmHg
P mmHg = 51.7149 x P psi
To convert between millibars (mb) or hectopascals (hPa) and kilopascals (kPa)
P kPa = P mb/10
P mb = 10 x P kPa
To convert between millibars (mb) or hectopascals (hPa) and pounds per square inch (psi)
P psi = 0.0145038 x P mb
P mb = 68.9476 x P psi
To convert between kilopascals (kPa) and pounds per square inch (psi)
P psi = 0.145038 x P kPa
P mb = 6.89476 x P psi

153
Hardness Conversion Chart
Rockwell Rockwell Superficial Brinell Vickers Shore

A B C D E F 15-N 30-N 45-N 30-T 3000 kg 500 kg 136 Approx
Tensile
100 kg 150 kg 100 kg 100 kg 1/8" 60 kg 1/16" 30 kg 1/16" 10mm Ball 10mm Ball Diamond Sciero- Srength
60 kg Brale 15 kg Brale 30 kg Brale 45 kg Brale
1/16" Ball Brale Brale Ball Ball Ball Steel Steel Pyramid scope (psi)
86.5 -- 70 78.5 -- -- 94.0 86.0 77.6 -- -- -- 1076 101 --
86.0 -- 69 77.7 -- -- 93.5 85.0 76.5 -- -- -- 1044 99 --
85.6 -- 68 76.9 -- -- 93.2 84.4 75.4 -- -- -- 940 97 --
85.0 -- 67 76.1 -- -- 92.9 83.6 74.2 -- -- -- 900 95 --
84.5 -- 66 75.4 -- -- 92.5 82.8 73.2 -- -- -- 865 92 --
83.9 -- 65 74.5 -- -- 92.2 81.9 72.0 -- 739 -- 832 91 --
83.4 -- 64 73.8 -- -- 91.8 81.1 71.0 -- 722 -- 800 88 --
82.8 -- 63 73.0 -- -- 91.4 80.1 69.9 -- 705 -- 772 87 --
82.3 -- 62 72.2 -- -- 91.1 79.3 68.8 -- 688 -- 746 85 --
81.8 -- 61 71.5 -- -- 90.7 78.4 67.7 -- 670 -- 720 83 --
81.2 -- 60 70.7 -- -- 90.2 77.5 66.6 -- 654 -- 697 81 320000
80.7 -- 59 69.9 -- -- 89.8 76.6 65.5 -- 634 -- 674 80 310000
80.1 -- 58 69.2 -- -- 89.3 75.7 64.3 -- 615 -- 653 78 300000
79.6 -- 57 68.5 -- -- 88.9 74.8 63.2 -- 595 -- 633 76 380000
79.0 -- 56 67.7 -- -- 88.3 73.9 62.0 -- 577 -- 613 75 282000
78.5 120 55 66.9 -- -- 87.9 73.0 60.9 -- 560 -- 595 74 274000
78.0 120 54 66.1 -- -- 87.4 72.0 59.8 -- 543 -- 577 72 266000
77.4 119 53 65.4 -- -- 86.9 71.2 58.6 -- 525 -- 560 71 257000
76.8 119 52 64.6 -- -- 86.4 70.2 57.4 -- 500 -- 544 69 245000
76.3 118 51 63.8 -- -- 85.9 69.4 56.1 -- 487 -- 528 68 239000
75.9 117 50 63.1 -- -- 85.5 68.5 55.0 -- 475 -- 513 67 233000
75.2 117 49 62.1 -- -- 85.0 67.6 53.8 -- 464 -- 498 66 227000
74.7 116 48 61.4 -- -- 84.5 66.7 52.5 -- 451 -- 484 64 221000
74.1 116 47 60.8 -- -- 83.9 65.8 51.4 -- 442 -- 471 63 217
73.6 115 46 60.0 -- -- 83.5 64.8 50.3 -- 432 -- 458 62 212000
73.1 115 45 59.2 -- -- 83.0 64.0 49.0 -- 421 -- 446 60 206000
72.5 114 44 58.5 -- -- 82.5 63.1 47.8 -- 409 -- 434 58 200000
72.0 113 43 57.7 -- -- 82.0 62.2 46.7 -- 400 -- 423 57 196000
71.5 113 42 56.9 -- -- 81.5 61.3 45.5 -- 390 -- 412 56 191000
70.9 112 41 56.2 -- -- 80.9 60.4 44.3 -- 381 -- 402 55 187000
70.4 112 40 55.4 -- -- 80.4 59.5 43.1 -- 371 -- 392 54 182000
69.9 111 39 54.6 -- -- 79.9 58.6 41.6 -- 362 -- 382 52 177000
69.4 110 38 53.8 -- -- 79.4 57.7 40.8 -- 353 -- 372 51 173000
68.9 110 37 53.1 -- -- 78.8 56.8 39.6 -- 344 -- 363 50 169000
68.4 109 36 52.3 -- -- 78.3 55.9 38.4 -- 336 -- 354 49 165000
67.9 109 35 51.5 -- -- 77.7 55.0 37.2 -- 327 -- 345 48 160000
67.4 108 34 50.8 -- -- 77.2 54.2 36.1 -- 319 -- 336 47 156000
66.8 108 33 50.0 -- -- 76.6 53.3 34.9 -- 311 -- 327 46 152000
66.3 107 32 49.2 -- -- 76.1 52.1 33.7 -- 301 -- 318 44 147000
65.8 106 31 48.4 -- -- 75.6 51.3 32.5 -- 294 -- 310 43 144000
65.3 105 30 47.7 -- -- 75.0 50.4 31.3 -- 286 -- 302 42 140000
64.7 104 9 47.0 -- -- 74.5 49.5 30.1 -- 279 -- 294 41 137000
64.3 104 28 46.1 -- -- 73.9 48.6 28.9 -- 271 -- 286 41 133000
63.8 103 27 45.2 -- -- 73.3 47.7 27.8 -- 264 -- 279 40 129000
63.3 103 26 44.6 -- -- 72.8 46.8 26.7 -- 258 -- 272 39 126000
62.8 102 25 43.8 -- -- 72.2 45.9 25.5 -- 253 -- 266 38 124000
62.4 101 24 43.1 -- -- 71.6 45.0 24.3 -- 247 -- 260 37 121000
62.0 100 23 42.1 -- -- 71.0 44.0 23.1 82 240 201 254 36 118000
61.5 99 22 41.6 -- -- 70.5 43.2 22.0 81.5 234 195 248 35 115000
61.0 98 21 40.9 -- -- 69.9 42.3 20.7 81 228 189 243 35 112000
60.5 97 20 40.1 -- -- 69.4 41.5 19.6 80.5 222 184 238 34 109000
59.0 96 18 -- -- -- -- -- -- 80 216 179 230 33 106000
58.0 95 16 -- -- -- -- -- -- 79 210 175 222 32 103000
57.5 94 15 -- -- -- -- -- -- 78.5 205 171 213 31 100000
57.0 93 13 -- -- -- -- -- -- 78 200 167 208 30 98000
56.5 92 12 -- -- -- -- -- -- 77.5 195 163 204 29 96000

Hardness Conversion Chart (Cont.)

Tensile
56.0 91 10 -- -- -- -- -- -- 77 190 160 193 28 93000
55.5 90 9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 76 185 157 192 27 91000
55.0 89 8 -- -- -- -- -- -- 75.5 180 154 188 26 88000
54.0 88 7 -- -- -- -- -- -- 75 176 151 184 26 86000
53.5 87 6 -- -- -- -- -- -- 74.5 172 148 180 26 84000
53.0 86 5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 74 169 145 176 25 83000
52.5 85 4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 73.5 165 142 173 25 81000
52.0 84 3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 73 162 140 170 25 79000
51.0 83 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 72 159 137 166 24 78000
50.5 82 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- 71.5 156 135 193 24 76000
50.0 81 0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 71 153 133 160 24 75000
49.5 80 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 70 150 130 -- -- 73000
49.0 79 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 69.5 147 128 -- -- --
48.5 78 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 69 144 126 -- -- --
48.0 77 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 68 141 124 -- -- --
47.0 76 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 67.5 139 122 -- -- --
46.5 75 -- -- -- 99.5 -- -- -- 67 137 120 -- -- --
46.0 74 -- -- -- 99 -- -- -- 66 135 118 -- -- --
45.5 73 -- -- -- 98.5 -- -- -- 65.5 132 116 -- -- --
45.0 72 -- -- -- 98 -- -- -- 65 130 114 -- -- --
44.5 71 -- -- 100 97.5 -- -- -- 64.2 127 112 -- -- --
44.0 70 -- -- 99.5 97 -- -- -- 63.5 125 10 -- -- --
43.5 69 -- -- 99 93 -- -- -- 62.8 123 109 -- -- --
43.0 68 -- -- 98 95.5 -- -- -- 62 121 107 -- -- --
42.5 67 -- -- 97.5 95 -- -- -- 61.4 119 106 -- -- --
42.0 66 -- -- 97 94.5 -- -- -- 60.5 117 104 -- -- --
.41.8 65 -- -- 93 94 -- -- -- 60.1 116 102 -- -- --
41.5 64 -- -- 95.5 93.5 -- -- -- 59.5 114 101 -- -- --
41.0 63 -- -- 95 93 -- -- -- 58.7 112 99 -- -- --
40.5 62 -- -- 94.5 92 -- -- -- 58 110 98 -- -- --
40.0 61 -- -- 93.5 91.5 -- -- -- 57.3 108 96 -- -- --
39.5 60 -- -- 93 91 -- -- -- 56.5 107 95 -- -- --
39.0 59 -- -- 92.5 90.5 -- -- -- 55.9 106 94 -- -- --
38.5 58 -- -- 92 90 -- -- -- 55 104 92 -- -- --
38.0 57 -- -- 91 89.5 -- -- -- 54.6 102 91 -- -- --
37.8 56 -- -- 90.5 89 -- -- -- 54 101 90 -- -- --
37.5 55 -- -- 90 88 -- -- -- 53.2 99 89 -- -- --
37.0 54 -- -- 89.5 87.5 -- -- -- 52.5 -- 87 -- -- --
36.5 53 -- -- 89 87 -- -- -- 51.8 -- 86 -- -- --
36.0 52 -- -- 88 86.5 -- -- -- 51 -- 85 -- -- --
35.5 51 -- -- 87.5 86 -- -- -- 50.4 -- 84 -- -- --
35.0 50 -- -- 87 85.5 -- -- -- 49.5 -- 83 -- -- --
34.8 49 -- -- 86.5 85 -- -- -- 49.1 -- 82 -- -- --
34.5 48 -- -- 85.5 84.5 -- -- -- 48.5 -- 81 -- -- --
34.0 47 -- -- 85 84 -- -- -- 47.7 -- 80 -- -- --
33.5 46 -- -- 84.5 83 -- -- -- 47 -- 79 -- -- --
33.0 45 -- -- 84 82.5 -- -- -- 46.2 -- 79 -- -- --
32.5 44 -- -- 83.5 82 -- -- -- 45.5 -- 78 -- -- --
32.0 43 -- -- 82.5 81.5 -- -- -- 44.8 -- 77 -- -- --
31.5 42 -- -- 82 81 -- -- -- 44 -- 76 -- -- --
31.0 41 -- -- 81.5 80.5 -- -- -- 43.4 -- 75 -- -- --
30.8 40 -- -- 81 79.5 -- -- -- 43 -- 74 -- -- --
30.5 39 -- -- 80 79 -- -- -- 42.1 -- 74 -- -- --
30.0 38 -- -- 79.5 78.5 -- -- -- 41.5 -- 73 -- -- --
29.5 37 -- -- 79 78 -- -- -- 40.7 -- 72 -- -- --
29.0 36 -- -- 78.5 77.5 -- -- -- 40 -- 71 -- -- --
28.5 35 -- -- 78 77 -- -- -- 39.3 -- 71 -- -- --
28.0 34 -- -- 77 76.5 -- -- -- 38.5 -- 70 -- -- --

155
Hardness Conversion Chart (Cont.)

Tensile
27.8 33 -- -- 76.5 75.5 -- -- -- 37.9 -- 69 -- -- --
27.5 32 -- -- 76 75 -- -- -- 37.5 -- 68 -- -- --
27.0 31 -- -- 75.5 74.5 -- -- -- 36.6 -- 68 -- -- --
26.5 30 -- -- 75 74 -- -- -- 36 -- 67 -- -- --
26.0 29 -- -- 74 73.5 -- -- -- 35.2 -- 66 -- -- --
25.5 28 -- -- 73.5 73 -- -- -- 34.5 -- 66 -- -- --
25.0 27 -- -- 73 72.5 -- -- -- 33.8 -- 65 -- -- --
24.5 26 -- -- 72.5 72 -- -- -- 33.1 -- 65 -- -- --
24.2 25 -- -- 72 71 -- -- -- 32.4 -- 64 -- -- --
24.0 24 -- -- 71 70.5 -- -- -- 32 -- 64 -- -- --
23.5 23 -- -- 70.5 70 -- -- -- 31.1 -- 63 -- -- --
23.0 22 -- -- 70 69.5 -- -- -- 30.4 -- 63 -- -- --
22.5 21 -- -- 69.5 69 -- -- -- 29.7 -- 62 -- -- --
22.0 20 -- -- 68.5 68.5 -- -- -- 29 -- 62 -- -- --
21.5 19 -- -- 68 68 -- -- -- 28.1 -- 61 -- -- --
21.2 18 -- -- 67.5 67 -- -- -- 27.4 -- 61 -- -- --
21.0 17 -- -- 67 66.5 -- -- -- 26.7 -- 60 -- -- --
20.5 16 -- -- 66.5 66 -- -- -- 26 -- 60 -- -- --
20.0 15 -- -- 65.5 65.5 -- -- -- 25.3 -- 59 -- -- --
-- 14 -- -- 65 65 -- -- -- 24.6 -- 59 -- -- --
-- 13 -- -- 64.5 64.5 -- -- -- 23.9 -- 58 -- -- --
-- 12 -- -- 64 64 -- -- -- 23.5 -- 58 -- -- --
-- 11 -- -- 63.5 63.5 -- -- -- 22.6 -- 57 -- -- --
-- 10 -- -- 62.5 63 -- -- -- 21.9 -- 57 -- -- --
-- 9 -- -- 62 62 -- -- -- 21.2 -- 56 -- -- --
-- 8 -- -- 61.5 61.5 -- -- -- 20.5 -- 56 -- -- --
-- 7 -- -- 61 61 -- -- -- 19.8 -- 56 -- -- --
-- 6 -- -- 60.5 60.5 -- -- -- 19.1 -- 55 -- -- --
-- 5 -- -- 60 60 -- -- -- 18.4 -- 55 -- -- --
-- 4 -- -- 59 59.5 -- -- -- 18 -- 55 -- -- --
-- 3 -- -- 58.5 59 -- -- -- 17.1 -- 54 -- -- --
-- 2 -- -- 58 58 -- -- -- 16.4 -- 54 -- -- --
-- 1 -- -- 57.5 57.5 -- -- -- 15.7 -- 53 -- -- --
-- 0 -- -- 57 57 -- -- -- 15 -- 53 -- -- --

Pipe Dimensions and Weights
NPS OD Wall ID Weight

Schedule Designations
Inches Inches Inches mm Inches mm Lbs/Ft Kg/m
10 10S 0.049 1.2 0.307 7.8 0.19 0.28
1/8 0.405 STD 40 40S 0.068 1.7 0.269 6.8 0.24 0.36
XS 80 80S 0.095 2.4 0.215 5.5 0.31 0.47
10 10S 0.065 1.7 0.410 10.4 0.33 0.49
1/4 0.540 STD 40 40S 0.088 2.2 0.364 9.2 0.42 0.63
XS 80 80S 0.119 3.0 0.302 7.7 0.54 0.80
10 10S 0.065 1.7 0.545 13.8 0.42 0.63
3/8 0.675 STD 40 40S 0.091 2.3 0.493 12.5 0.57 0.84
XS 80 80S 0.126 3.2 0.423 10.7 0.74 1.10
5 5S 0.065 1.7 0.710 18.0 0.54 0.80
10 10S 0.083 2.1 0.674 17.1 0.67 1.00
STD 40 40S 0.109 2.8 0.622 15.8 0.85 1.26
1/2 0.840
XS 80 80S 0.147 3.7 0.546 13.9 1.09 1.62
160 0.188 4.8 0.464 11.8 1.31 1.95
XX 0.294 7.5 0.252 6.4 1.71 2.55
5 5S 0.065 1.7 0.920 23.4 0.68 1.02
10 10S 0.083 2.1 0.884 22.5 0.86 1.28
STD 40 40S 0.113 2.9 0.842 21.4 1.13 1.68
3/4 1.050
XS 80 80S 0.154 3.9 0.742 18.8 1.47 2.19
160 0.219 5.6 0.612 15.5 1.94 2.89
XX 0.308 7.8 0.434 11.0 2.44 3.63
5 5S 0.065 1.7 1.185 30.1 0.87 1.29
10 10S 0.109 2.8 1.097 27.9 1.40 2.09
STD 40 40S 0.133 3.4 1.049 26.6 1.68 2.50
1 1.315
XS 80 80S 0.179 4.5 0.957 24.3 2.17 3.23
160 0.250 6.4 0.815 20.7 2.84 4.23
XX 0.358 9.1 0.599 15.2 3.66 5.44
5 5S 0.065 1.7 1.530 38.9 1.11 1.65
10 10S 0.109 2.8 1.442 36.6 1.81 2.69
STD 40 40S 0.140 3.6 1.380 35.1 2.27 3.38
1 1/4 1.660
XS 80 80S 0.191 4.9 1.278 32.5 3.00 4.46
160 0.250 6.4 1.160 29.5 3.77 5.60
XX 0.382 9.7 0.896 22.8 5.21 7.76
5 5S 0.065 1.7 1.770 45.0 1.27 1.90
10 10S 0.109 2.8 1.682 42.7 2.09 3.10
STD 40 40S 0.145 3.7 1.610 40.9 2.72 4.04
1 1/2 1.900
XS 80 80S 0.200 5.1 1.500 38.1 3.63 5.40
160 0.281 7.1 1.338 34.0 4.86 7.23
XX 0.400 10.2 1.100 27.9 6.41 9.54
5 5S 0.065 1.7 2.245 57.0 1.60 2.39
10 10S 0.109 2.8 2.157 54.8 2.64 3.93
STD 40 40S 0.154 3.9 2.067 52.5 3.65 5.44
2 2.375
XS 80 80S 0.218 5.5 1.939 49.3 5.02 7.47
160 0.344 8.7 1.687 42.8 7.46 11.10
XX 0.436 11.1 1.503 38.2 9.03 13.44

157
Pipe Dimensions and Weights (Cont.)

5 5S 0.083 2.1 2.709 68.8 2.48 3.68
10 10S 0.120 3.0 2.635 66.9 3.53 5.25
STD 40 40S 0.203 5.2 2.469 62.7 5.79 8.62
2 1/2 2.875
XS 80 80S 0.276 7.0 2.323 59.0 7.66 11.40
160 0.375 9.5 2.125 54.0 10.01 14.89
XX 0.552 14.0 1.771 45.0 13.69 20.37
5 5S 0.083 2.1 3.334 84.7 3.03 4.51
10 10S 0.120 3.0 3.260 82.8 4.33 6.45
STD 40 40S 0.216 5.5 3.068 77.9 7.58 11.27
3 3.500
XS 80 80S 0.300 7.6 2.900 73.7 10.25 15.25
160 0.438 11.1 2.624 66.6 14.32 21.31
XX 0.600 15.2 2.300 58.4 18.58 27.65
5 5S 0.083 2.1 3.834 97.4 3.47 5.17
10 10S 0.120 3.0 3.760 95.5 4.97 7.40
3 1/2 4.000 STD 40 40S 0.226 5.7 3.548 90.1 9.11 13.55
XS 80 80S 0.318 8.1 3.364 85.4 12.50 18.60
XX 0.636 16.2 2.728 69.3 22.85 34.00
5 5S 0.083 2.1 4.334 110.1 3.92 5.83
10 10S 0.120 3.0 4.260 108.2 5.61 8.35
0.156 4.0 4.188 106.4 7.24 10.77
0.188 4.8 4.124 104.7 8.66 12.88
4 4.500 STD 40 40S 0.237 6.0 4.026 102.3 10.79 16.06
XS 80 80S 0.337 8.6 3.826 97.2 14.98 22.29
120 0.438 11.1 3.624 92.0 19.00 28.27
160 0.531 13.5 3.438 87.3 22.51 33.49
XX 0.674 17.1 3.152 80.1 27.54 40.98
STD 40 40S 0.247 6.3 4.506 114.5 12.53 18.64
4 1/2 5.000 XS 80 80S 0.355 9.0 4.290 109.0 17.61 26.20
XX 0.710 18.0 3.580 90.9 32.43 48.26
5 5S 0.109 2.8 5.345 135.8 6.35 9.45
10 10S 0.134 3.4 5.295 134.5 7.77 11.56
STD 40 40S 0.258 6.6 5.047 128.2 14.62 21.75
5 5.563 XS 80 80S 0.375 9.5 4.813 122.3 20.78 30.92
0.500 12.7 4.563 115.9 27.04 40.24
160 0.625 15.9 4.313 109.6 32.96 49.04
XX 0.750 19.1 4.063 103.2 38.55 57.36
5 5S 0.109 2.8 6.407 162.7 7.59 11.29
10 10S 0.134 3.4 6.357 161.5 9.29 13.82
0.188 4.8 6.249 158.7 12.92 19.22
STD 40 40S 0.280 7.1 6.065 154.1 18.97 28.23
6 6.625
XS 80 80S 0.432 11.0 5.761 146.3 28.57 42.51
120 0.562 14.3 5.501 139.7 36.39 54.15
160 0.719 18.3 5.187 131.7 45.35 67.48
XX 0.864 21.9 4.897 124.4 53.16 79.10
STD 40 40S 0.301 7.6 7.023 178.4 23.57 35.07
7 7.625 XS 80 80S 0.500 12.7 6.625 168.3 39.05 58.11
XX 0.875 22.2 5.875 149.2 63.08 93.86


5S 0.109 2.8 8.407 213.5 9.91 14.75
10 10S 0.148 3.8 8.329 211.6 13.40 19.94
20 0.250 6.4 3.125 79.4 22.36 33.27
30 0.277 7.0 8.071 205.0 24.70 36.75
STD 40 40S 0.322 8.2 7.981 202.7 28.55 42.48
60 0.406 10.3 7.813 198.5 35.64 53.03
8 8.625
XS 80 80S 0.500 12.7 7.625 193.7 43.39 64.56
100 0.594 15.1 7.437 188.9 50.95 75.81
120 0.719 18.3 7.187 182.5 60.71 90.34
140 0.812 20.6 7.001 177.8 67.76 100.83
XX 0.875 22.2 6.875 174.6 72.42 107.76
160 0.906 23.0 6.813 173.1 74.69 111.14
STD 40 40S 0.342 8.7 8.941 227.1 33.90 50.44
9 9.625 XS 80 80S 0.500 12.7 9.625 244.5 48.72 72.50
XX 0.875 22.2 7.875 200.0 81.77 121.67
5S 0.134 3.4 10.482 266.2 15.19 22.60
10S 0.165 4.2 10.420 264.7 18.70 27.83
0.188 4.8 10.374 263.5 21.21 31.56
20 0.250 6.4 10.250 260.4 28.04 41.72
30 0.307 7.8 10.136 257.5 34.24 50.95
STD 40 40S 0.365 9.3 10.020 254.5 40.48 60.23
10 10.750
XS 60 80S 0.500 12.7 9.750 247.7 54.74 81.45
80 0.594 15.1 9.562 242.9 64.43 95.87
100 0.719 18.3 9.312 236.5 77.03 114.62
120 0.844 21.4 9.062 230.2 89.29 132.86
140 1.000 25.4 8.750 222.3 104.13 154.95
160 1.125 28.6 8.500 215.9 115.64 172.07
STD 40 40S 0.375 9.5 11.000 279.4 45.55 67.78
11 11.750 XS 80 80S 0.500 12.7 10.750 273.1 60.07 89.38
XX 0.875 22.2 10.000 254.0 101.63 151.23
5S 0.156 4.0 12.438 315.9 20.98 31.22
10S 0.180 4.6 12.390 314.7 24.20 36.01
20 0.250 6.4 12.250 311.2 33.38 49.67
30 0.330 8.4 12.090 307.1 43.77 65.13
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 12.000 304.8 49.56 73.75
40 0.406 10.3 11.938 303.2 53.52 79.64
12 12.750 XS 80S 0.500 12.7 11.750 298.5 65.42 97.34
60 0.562 14.3 11.626 295.3 73.15 108.85
80 0.688 17.5 11.374 288.9 88.62 131.87
100 0.844 21.4 11.062 281.0 107.32 159.69
120 1.000 25.4 10.750 273.1 125.49 186.73
140 1.125 28.6 10.500 266.7 139.67 207.83
160 1.312 33.3 10.126 257.2 160.27 238.48

159

10S 0.188 4.8 13.624 346.0 27.73 41.26
10 0.250 6.4 13.500 342.9 36.71 54.62
20 0.312 7.9 13.376 339.8 45.61 67.87
STD 30 40S 0.375 9.5 13.250 336.6 54.57 81.20
40 0.438 11.1 13.124 333.3 63.44 94.40
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 13.000 330.2 72.09 107.27
14 14.000
60 0.594 15.1 12.812 325.4 85.05 126.55
80 0.750 19.1 12.500 317.5 106.13 157.92
100 0.938 23.8 12.124 307.9 130.85 194.70
120 1.094 27.8 11.812 300.0 150.90 224.54
140 1.250 31.8 11.500 292.1 170.21 253.27
160 1.406 35.7 11.188 284.2 189.10 281.38
10S 0.188 4.8 15.624 396.8 31.75 47.24
10 0.250 6.4 15.500 393.7 42.05 62.57
20 0.312 7.9 15.376 390.6 52.27 77.78
STD 30 40S 0.375 9.5 15.250 387.4 62.58 93.12
XS 40 80S 0.500 12.7 15.000 381.0 82.77 123.16
16 16.000 60 0.656 16.7 14.688 373.1 107.50 159.96
80 0.844 21.4 14.312 363.5 136.61 203.28
100 1.031 26.2 13.938 354.0 164.82 245.25
120 1.219 31.0 13.562 344.5 192.43 286.34
140 1.438 36.5 13.124 333.3 223.64 332.78
160 1.594 40.5 12.812 325.4 245.25 364.93
10S 0.188 4.8 17.624 447.6 35.76 53.21
10 0.250 6.4 17.500 444.5 47.39 70.52
20 0.312 7.9 17.376 441.4 58.94 87.70
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 17.250 438.2 70.59 105.04
30 0.438 11.1 17.124 434.9 82.15 122.24
XS 80S 5.000 127.0 17.000 431.8 93.45 139.05
18 18.000 40 0.562 14.3 16.876 428.7 104.67 155.75
60 0.750 19.1 16.500 419.1 138.17 205.60
80 0.938 23.8 16.124 409.5 170.92 254.33
100 1.156 29.4 15.688 398.5 207.96 309.44
120 1.375 34.9 15.250 387.4 244.14 363.28
140 1.562 39.7 14.876 377.9 274.22 408.04
160 1.781 45.2 14.438 366.7 308.50 459.05
10S 0.218 5.5 19.564 496.9 46.06 68.54
10 0.250 6.4 19.500 495.3 52.73 78.46
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 19.250 489.0 78.60 116.96
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 19.000 482.6 104.13 154.95
40 0.594 15.1 18.812 477.8 123.11 183.19
20 20.000 60 0.812 20.6 18.376 466.8 166.40 247.60
80 1.031 26.2 17.938 455.6 208.87 310.80
100 1.261 32.0 17.438 442.9 256.10 381.08
120 1.500 38.1 17.000 431.8 296.37 441.00
140 1.750 44.5 16.500 419.1 341.09 507.54
160 1.969 50.0 16.062 408.0 379.17 564.20


10S 0.218 5.5 21.564 547.7 50.71 75.46
10 0.250 6.4 21.500 546.1 58.07 86.41
STD 20 40S 0.375 9.5 21.250 539.8 86.61 128.88
XS 30 80S 0.500 12.7 21.000 533.4 114.81 170.84
60 0.875 22.2 20.250 514.4 197.41 293.75
22 22.000
80 1.125 28.6 19.750 501.7 250.81 373.21
100 1.375 34.9 19.250 489.0 302.88 450.69
120 1.625 41.3 18.750 476.3 353.61 526.17
140 1.875 47.6 18.250 463.6 403.00 599.66
160 2.125 54.0 17.750 450.9 451.06 671.18
10 10S 0.250 6.4 23.500 596.9 63.41 94.35
STD 20 40S 0.375 9.5 23.250 590.6 94.62 140.79
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 23.000 584.2 125.49 186.73
30 0.562 14.3 22.876 581.1 140.68 209.33
40 0.688 17.5 22.624 574.6 171.29 254.88
24 24.000 60 0.969 24.6 22.062 560.4 238.35 354.66
80 1.219 31.0 21.562 547.7 296.58 441.31
100 1.531 38.9 20.938 531.8 367.39 546.68
120 1.812 46.0 20.376 517.6 429.39 638.93
140 2.062 52.4 19.876 504.9 483.10 718.85
160 2.344 59.5 19.312 490.5 542.13 806.69
10 0.312 7.9 25.376 644.6 85.60 127.37
26 26.000 STD 40S 0.375 9.5 25.250 641.4 102.63 152.71
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 25.000 635.0 136.17 202.62
10 0.312 7.9 27.376 695.4 92.26 137.28
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 27.250 692.2 110.64 164.63
28 28.000
XS 20 80S 0.500 12.7 27.000 685.8 146.85 218.51
30 0.625 15.9 26.750 679.5 182.73 271.90
10 0.312 7.9 29.376 746.2 98.93 147.21
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 29.500 749.3 118.65 176.55
30 30.000
20 80S 0.500 12.7 29.000 736.6 157.53 234.40
30 0.625 15.9 28.750 730.3 196.08 291.77
10 0.312 7.9 31.376 797.0 105.59 157.12
STD 0.375 9.5 31.250 793.8 126.66 188.47
32 32.000 20 0.500 12.7 31.000 787.4 168.21 250.30
30 0.625 15.9 30.750 781.1 209.43 311.63
40 0.688 17.5 30.624 777.8 230.08 342.36
10 0.312 7.9 33.376 847.8 112.25 167.03
STD 0.375 9.5 33.250 844.6 134.67 200.39
34 34.000 20 0.500 12.7 33.000 838.2 178.89 266.19
30 0.625 15.9 32.750 831.9 222.78 331.50
40 0.688 17.5 32.624 828.6 244.77 364.22
10 0.312 7.9 35.376 898.6 118.92 176.95
36 36.000 STD 40S 0.375 9.5 35.250 895.4 142.68 212.31
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 35.000 889.0 189.57 282.08
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 41.250 1047.8 166.71 248.06
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 41.000 1041.4 221.61 329.76
42 42.000
30 0.625 15.9 40.750 1035.1 276.18 410.96
40 0.750 19.1 40.500 1028.7 330.41 491.65
STD 40S 0.375 9.5 47.250 1200.2 190.74 283.82
48 48.000
XS 80S 0.500 12.7 47.000 1193.8 253.65 377.43

161
Circumferences and Areas of Circles
Diam. (in) Circ. (in) Area (in2) Diam. (in) Circ. (in) Area (in2) Diam. (in) Circ. (in) Area (in2) Diam. (in) Circ. (in) Area (in2) Diam. (in) Circ. (in) Area (in2)
1⁄ 1⁄ 1 3.141 .7854 6.283 3.141 3 9.424 7.068
32 .0981 .00076 2 1.570 .1963 2
1⁄ 9⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
16 .1963 .00306 16 1.767 .2485 8 3.534 .9940 8 6.675 3.546 8 9.817 7.669
1⁄ 5⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 .3926 .01227 8 1.963 .3097 4 3.927 1.227 4 7.068 3.976 4 10.21 8.295
3⁄ 11⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
16 .5890 .02761 16 2.159 .3712 8 4.319 1.484 8 7.461 4.430 8 10.60 8.946
1⁄ 3⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 .7854 .04908 4 2.356 .4417 2 4.712 1.767 2 7.854 4.908 2 10.99 9.621
5⁄ 13⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
16 .9817 .07669 16 2.552 .5184 8 5.105 2.073 8 8.246 5.411 8 11.38 10.320
3⁄ 7⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 1.178 .1104 8 2.748 .6013 4 5.497 2.405 4 8.639 5.939 4 11.78 11.044
7⁄ 15⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
16 1.374 .1503 16 2.945 .6902 8 5.890 2.761 8 9.032 6.491 8 12.17 11.793
4 12.65 12.566 5 15.70 19.635 6 18.84 28.274 7 21.90 38.484 8 25.13 50.265
1⁄
12.95 13.364 1⁄ 16.10 20.629 1⁄
29.24 29.464 1⁄ 22.38 39.871 1⁄ 25.52 51.848
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄
13.35 14.186 1⁄ 16.49 21.647 1⁄
19.63 30.679 1⁄ 22.77 41.282 1⁄ 25.91 53.456
4 4 4 4 4
3⁄
13.74 15.033 3⁄ 16.88 22.690 3⁄
20.02 31.919 3⁄ 23.16 42.718 3⁄ 26.31 55.088
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄
14.13 15.904 1⁄ 17.27 23.758 1⁄
20.42 33.183 1⁄ 23.56 44.178 1⁄ 26.70 56.745
2 2 2 2 2
5⁄
14.52 16.800 5⁄ 17.?7 24.840 5⁄
20.81 34.471 5⁄ 23.95 45.663 5⁄ 27.09 58.426
8 8 8 8 8
3⁄
14.92 17.720 3⁄ 18.06 25.967 3⁄
21.20 35.784 3⁄ 24.34 47.173 3⁄ 27.47 60.132
4 4 4 4 4
7⁄
15.31 18.665 7⁄ 18.45 27.108 7⁄
21.57 37.122 7⁄ 24.74 48.707 7⁄ 27.88 61.862
8 8 8 8 8
9 28.27 63.617 10 31.41 78.539 11 34.55 95.033 12 37.69 113.00 13 40.84 132.73
1⁄ 28.66 65.396 1⁄ 31.80 80.515 1⁄
34.95 97.205 1⁄ 38.09 115.46 1⁄
41.23 135.29
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄ 29.05 67.200 1⁄ 32.20 82.516 1⁄
35.34 99.402 1⁄ 38.48 117.85 1⁄
41.62 137.88
4 4 4 4 4
3⁄ 29.45 69.029 3⁄ 32.59 84.540 3⁄
35.73 101.62 3⁄ 38.87 120.27 3⁄
42.01 140.50
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄ 29.84 70.882 1⁄ 32.98 86.590 1⁄
36.12 103.86 1⁄ 39.27 122.71 1⁄
42.41 143.13
2 2 2 2 2
5⁄ 30.23 72.759 5⁄ 33.37 88.664 5⁄
36.52 106.13 5⁄ 39.66 125.18 5⁄
42.80 145.80
8 8 8 8 8
3⁄ 30.63 74.662 3⁄ 33.77 90.762 3⁄
36.91 108.43 3⁄ 40.05 127.67 3⁄
43.19 148.48
4 4 4 4 4
7⁄ 31.02 76.588 7⁄ 34.16 92.885 7⁄
37.30 110.75 7⁄ 40.55 130.19 7⁄
43.58 151.20
8 8 8 8 8
14 43.98 153.92 15 47.12 176.71 16 50.26 201.06 17 53.40 226.98 18 56.54 254.46
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 44.37 156.69 8 47.51 179.67 8 50.65 204.21 8 53.79 230.33 8 56.94 258.01
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 44.76 159.48 4 47.90 182.72 4 51.05 207.39 4 54.19 233.70 4 57.33 261.58
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 45.16 162.29 8 48.30 185.66 8 51.44 210.59 8 54.58 237.10 8 57.72 265.18
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 45.55 165.13 2 48.69 188.69 2 51.83 213.82 2 54.97 240.52 2 58.11 268.80
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 45.94 167.98 8 49.08 191.74 8 52.22 217.07 8 55.37 243.97 8 58.51 272.44
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 46.33 170.87 4 49.48 194.82 4 52.62 220.35 4 55.76 247.45 4 58.90 276.11
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 46.73 173.78 8 48.78 197.73 8 53.01 223.65 8 56.16 250.94 8 59.29 279.81
19 59.69 283.52 20 62.83 314.16 21 65.97 346.36 22 69.11 380.13 23 72.25 415.47
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 60.08 287.27 8 63.22 318.09 8 66.37 350.49 8 69.50 384.46 8 72.64 4200.00
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 60.47 291.03 4 63.61 322.06 4 66.75 354.65 4 69.90 388.82 4 73.04 424.55
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 60.86 294.83 8 64.01 326.05 8 67.15 358.84 8 70.29 393.20 8 73.43 429.13
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 61.26 298.64 2 64.40 330.06 2 67.54 363.05 2 70.68 397.60 2 73.82 433.73
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 61.65 302.48 8 64.79 334.10 8 67.93 367.28 8 71.07 402.03 8 74.21 438.30
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 62.04 306.35 4 65.18 338.16 4 63.32 371.54 4 71.47 406.49 4 74.61 443.01
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 62.43 310.24 8 65.58 342.25 8 68.72 375.82 8 71.86 410.97 8 75.00 447.69
24 75.39 452.39 25 78.54 490.87 26 81.68 530.93 27 84.82 572.55 28 87.96 615.75
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 75.79 475.11 8 78.93 495.79 8 82.07 536.04 8 85.21 577.87 8 88.35 621.26
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 76.18 461.86 4 79.32 500.74 4 82.46 541.18 4 85.60 583.20 4 88.75 626.79
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 76.57 466.63 8 79.71 505.71 8 82.85 546.35 8 86.00 588.57 8 89.14 632.35
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 76.96 471.43 2 80.10 510.70 2 83.25 551.54 2 86.39 593.95 2 89.59 637.94
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 77.36 476.25 8 80.50 515.72 8 83.64 556.76 8 86.78 599.37 8 89.92 643.54
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 77.75 481.10 4 80.89 520.70 4 84.03 562.00 4 87.17 604.80 4 90.32 649.18
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 78.14 485.97 8 81.28 525.83 8 84.43 567.26 8 87.57 610.26 8 90.71 654.83
29 91.10 660.52 30 94.24 706.86 31 97.38 754.76 32 100.5 804.24 33 103.6 855.30
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 91.49 666.22 8 94.64 712.86 8 97.78 760.86 8 100.9 810.45 8 104.0 861.79
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 91.89 671.95 4 95.03 718.69 4 98.17 766.99 4 101.3 816.86 4 104.4 868.30
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 92.23 677.71 8 95.42 724.64 8 98.56 773.14 8 101.7 832.21 8 104.8 874.88
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 92.67 683.49 2 95.81 730.61 2 98.96 773.31 2 102.1 829.57 2 105.2 881.41
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 93.06 689.29 8 96.21 736.61 8 99.35 785.51 8 102.4 835.97 8 105.6 888.00
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 93.46 695.12 4 96.60 742.64 4 99.74 791.73 4 102.8 842.39 4 106.0 894.61
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 93.85 700.98 8 96.99 748.69 8 100.1 797.97 8 103.2 848.83 8 106.4 901.25

Circumferences and Areas of Circles (Cont.)
34 106.8 907.92 35 109.9 962.11 36 113.0 101.8 37 116.2 1075.2 38 119.3 1134.1
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 107.2 914.61 8 110.3 968.99 8 113.4 1024.9 8 116.6 1082.4 8 119.7 1141.5
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 107.5 921.32 4 110.7 975.90 4 113.8 1032.0 4 117.0 1089.7 4 120.1 1149.0
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 107.9 928.06 8 111.1 982.84 8 114.2 1039.1 8 117.4 1097.1 8 120.5 1156.6
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 108.3 934.82 2 111.5 989.80 2 114.6 1049.3 2 117.8 1104.4 2 120.9 1164.1
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 108.7 941.60 8 111.9 996.78 8 115.0 1053.5 8 118.2 1111.8 8 121.3 1171.7
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 109.1 948.41 4 112.3 1003.7 4 115.4 1060.7 4 118.6 1119.2 4 121.7 1179.3
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 109.5 955.25 8 112.7 1010.8 8 115.8 1067.9 8 118.9 1126.6 8 122.1 1186.9
39 122.5 1194.5 40 125.6 1256.6 41 128.8 1320.2 42 131.9 1385.4 43 135.0 1452.2
1⁄ 122.9 1202.2 1⁄ 126.0 1264.5 1⁄
129.1 1328.3 1⁄
132.3 1393.7 1⁄
135.4 1460.6
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄ 123.3 1209.9 1⁄ 126.4 1272.3 1⁄
129.5 1336.4 1⁄
132.7 1401.9 1⁄
135.8 1469.1
4 4 4 4 4
3⁄ 123.7 1217.6 3⁄ 126.8 1280.3 3⁄
129.9 1344.5 3⁄
133.1 1410.2 3⁄
136.2 1477.6
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄ 124.0 1225.4 1⁄ 127.2 1288.2 1⁄
130.3 1352.6 1⁄
133.5 1418.6 1⁄
136.6 1486.1
2 2 2 2 2
5⁄ 124.4 1233.1 5⁄ 127.6 1291.2 5⁄
130.7 1360.8 5⁄
133.9 1426.9 5⁄
137.0 1494.7
8 8 8 8 8
3⁄ 124.8 1240.9 3⁄ 128.0 1304.2 3⁄
131.1 1369.0 3⁄
134.3 1435.3 3⁄
137.4 1503.3
4 4 4 4 4
7⁄ 125.2 1248.7 7⁄ 128.4 1312.2 7⁄
131.5 1377.2 7⁄
134.6 1443.7 7⁄
137.8 1511.9
8 8 8 8 8
44 138.2 1520.5 45 141.3 1590.4 46 144.5 1661.9 47 147.6 1734.9 48 150.7 1809.5
1⁄
138.6 1529.1 1⁄
141.7 1599.2 1⁄
144.9 1670.9 1⁄ 148.0 1744.1 1⁄ 151.1 1818.9
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄
139.0 1537.8 1⁄
142.1 1608.1 1⁄
145.2 1680.0 1⁄ 148.4 1753.4 1⁄ 151.5 1828.4
4 4 4 4 4
3⁄
139.4 1546.5 3⁄
142.5 1617.0 3⁄
145.6 1689.1 3⁄ 148.8 1762.7 3⁄ 151.9 1837.9
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄
139.8 1555.2 1⁄
142.9 1625.9 1⁄
146.0 1698.2 1⁄ 149.2 1772.0 1⁄ 152.3 1847.4
2 2 2 2 2
5⁄
140.1 1564.0 5⁄
143.3 1634.9 5⁄
146.4 1707.3 5⁄ 149.6 1781.3 5⁄ 152.7 1856.9
8 8 8 8 8
3⁄ 140.5 1572.8 3⁄
143.7 1643.8 3⁄
146.8 1716.5 3⁄ 150.0 1790.7 3⁄ 153.1 1866.5
4 4 4 4 4
7⁄
140.9 1581.6 7⁄
144.1 1652.8 7⁄
147.2 1725.7 7⁄ 150.4 1800.1 7⁄ 153.5 1876.1
8 8 8 8 8
49 153.9 1885.7 50 157.0 1963.5 51 160.2 2042.8 52 136.3 2123.7 53 166.5 2206.1
1⁄ 154.4 1895.3 1⁄ 157.4 1973.3 1⁄
160.6 2025.8 1⁄
163.7 2133.9 1⁄
166.8 2216.6
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄ 154.7 1905.0 1⁄ 157.8 1983.1 1⁄
161.0 2062.9 1⁄
164.1 2144.1 1⁄
167.2 2227.0
4 4 4 4 4
3⁄ 155.5 1914.7 3⁄ 158.2 1993.0 3⁄
161.3 2072.9 3⁄
164.5 2154.4 3⁄
167.6 2237.5
8 8 8 8 8
1⁄ 155.5 1924.4 1⁄ 158.6 2002.9 1⁄
161.7 2083.0 1⁄
164.9 2164.7 1⁄
168.0 2248.0
2 2 2 2 2
5⁄ 155.9 1934.1 5⁄ 159.0 2012.8 5⁄
162.1 2093.2 5⁄
165.3 2175.0 5⁄
168.4 2258.5
8 8 8 8 8
3⁄ 156.2 1943.9 3⁄ 159.4 2022.8 3⁄
162.5 2103.3 3⁄
165.7 2185.4 3⁄
168.8 2269.0
4 4 4 4 4
7⁄ 156.6 1953.6 7⁄ 159.8 2032.8 7⁄
162.9 2113.5 7⁄
166.1 2195.7 7⁄
169.2 2279.6
8 8 8 8 8
54 169.6 2290.2 55 172.7 2375.8 56 175.9 2463.0 57 179.0 2551.7 58 182.2 2642.0
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 170.0 2300.8 8 173.1 2386.6 8 176.3 2474.0 8 179.4 2562.9 8 182.6 2653.4
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 170.4 2311.4 4 173.5 2397.4 4 176.7 2485.0 4 179.8 2574.1 4 182.9 2664.9
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 170.8 2322.1 8 173.9 2408.3 8 177.1 2496.1 8 180.2 2585.4 8 183.3 2676.3
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 171.2 2332.8 2 174.3 2419.2 2 177.5 2507.1 2 180.6 2596.7 2 183.7 2687.8
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 171.6 2343.5 8 174.7 2430.1 8 177.8 2518.2 8 181.0 2608.0 8 184.1 2690.3
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 172.0 2354.2 4 175.1 2441.0 4 178.2 2529.4 4 181.4 2619.3 4 184.5 2710.8
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 172.3 2365.0 8 175.5 2452.0 8 178.6 2540.5 8 181.8 2630.7 8 184.9 2722.4
59 185.3 2733.9 60 188.4 2827.4 61 191.6 2922.4 62 194.7 3019.0 63 197.9 3117.2
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 185.7 2745.5 8 188.8 2839.2 8 192.0 2934.4 8 195.1 3031.2 8 198.3 3129.6
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 186.1 2757.1 4 189.2 2851.0 4 192.4 2946.4 4 195.5 3043.4 4 198.7 3142.0
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 186.5 2768.8 8 189.6 2862.8 8 192.8 2958.5 8 195.9 3055.7 8 199.0 3144.4
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 186.9 2780.5 2 190.0 2874.7 2 193.2 2970.5 2 196.3 3067.9 2 199.4 3166.9
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 187.3 2792.2 8 190.4 2886.6 8 193.6 2982.6 8 196.7 3080.2 8 199.8 3179.4
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 187.7 2803.9 4 190.8 2898.5 4 193.9 2994.6 4 197.1 3092.5 4 200.2 3191.9
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 188.1 2815.6 8 191.2 2910.5 8 194.3 3006.9 8 197.5 3104.8 8 200.6 3204.4
64 201.0 3216.9 65 204.2 3318.3 66 207.3 3421.2 67 210.4 3525.6 68 213.6 3631.6
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 201.4 3229.5 8 204.5 3331.0 8 207.7 3434.1 8 210.9 3538.8 8 214.0 3645.0
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 201.8 3242.1 4 204.9 3343.8 4 208.1 3447.1 4 211.2 3552.0 4 214.4 3658.4
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 202.2 3254.8 8 205.3 3356.7 8 208.5 3460.1 8 211.6 3565.2 8 214.8 3671.8
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 202.6 3267.4 2 205.7 3369.5 2 208.9 3473.2 2 212.0 3578.4 2 215.1 3685.2
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 203.0 3280.1 8 206.1 3382.4 8 209.3 3486.3 8 212.4 3591.7 8 215.1 3698.7
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 203.4 3292.8 4 206.5 3395.3 4 209.7 3499.3 4 212.8 3605.0 4 215.9 3712.2
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 203.8 3305.5 8 206.9 3408.2 8 210.0 3512.5 8 213.2 3618.3 8 216.3 3725.7

163
Circumferences and Areas of Circles (Cont.)
69 216.7 3739.2 70 219.9 3848.4 71 223.0 3959.2 72 226.1 4071.5 73 229.3 4185.3
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 217.1 3752.8 8 220.3 3862.2 8 223.4 3973.1 8 226.5 4085.6 8 229.7 4199.7
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 217.5 3766.4 4 220.6 3875.9 4 223.8 3987.1 4 226.9 4099.8 4 230.1 4214.1
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 217.9 3780.0 8 221.0 3889.8 8 224.2 4001.1 8 227.3 4114.0 8 230.5 4228.5
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
2 218.3 3793.6 2 221.4 3903.6 2 224.6 4015.1 2 227.7 4128.2 2 230.9 4242.9
5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄ 5⁄
8 218.7 3807.3 8 221.8 3917.4 8 225.0 4029.2 8 228.1 4142.5 8 231.3 4257.3
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
4 219.1 3821.0 4 222.2 3931.3 4 225.4 4043.2 4 228.5 4156.7 4 231.6 4271.8
7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄ 7⁄
8 219.5 3834.7 8 222.6 3945.2 8 225.8 4067.3 8 228.9 4171.0 8 232.0 4286.3
74 232.4 4300.8 75 235.6 4417.8 77 241.9 4666.6 79 248.1 4901.6 81 254.4 5153.0
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 232.8 4315.3 4 236.4 4447.3 4 242.6 4686.9 4 248.9 4932.7 4 255.2 5184.8
1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 233.2 4329.9 2 237.1 4476.9 2 243.4 4717.3 2 249.7 4963.9 2 256.0 5216.8
3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 233.6 4344.5 4 237.9 4506.6 4 244.2 4747.7 4 250.5 4995.1 4 256.8 5248.8
1⁄
2 234.0 4359.1 76 238.7 4536.4 78 245.0 4778.3 80 251.3 5026.5 82 257.6 5281.0
5⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
8 234.4 4378.8 4 239.5 4566.3 4 245.8 4809.0 4 252.1 5058.0 4 258.3 5313.2
3⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄ 1⁄
4 234.8 4388.4 2 240.3 4596.3 2 246.6 4839.8 2 252.8 5089.5 2 259.1 5345.6
7⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄ 3⁄
8 235.2 4403.1 4 241.1 4626.4 4 247.4 4870.7 4 253.6 5121.2 4 259.9 5378.0

Fastener Details Mechanical Properties
Proof
Yield Strength Tensile Strength
Grade Suggested Nut Temperature Service Nominal Stud Load
Bolt Spec. Bolt Grade Material Nut Spec.
Mark Grade Ratings Environment Size (in) KSI
KSI Mpa KSI Mpa
(Mpa)
-50 to 1200 ° F
B5 B5 AISI 501 Any 1/4 thru 4 - 80 550 100 125
(-45 to 649 ° C)
B6 B6 AISI 410 Any 1/4 thru 4 - 85 585 110 758
B7 1/4 thru 2 1/2 - 105 720 125 862
B7 2H, 4, 7, or 8 Over 2 1/2

- 95 655 115 793
thru 4
-50 to 900 ° F
CrMo Alloy Steel (-45 to 482 ° C) Over 4 thru 7 - 75 515 100 690
AISI 4140, 4142,
or 4105 1/4 thru 2 1/2 - 80 550 100 690
Over 2 1/2
B7M 2HM, 4M, 7M, 19, 8M - 80 550 100 690
thru 4
High
ASTM A193 ASTM A194 Temperature Over 4 thru 7 - 75 515 100 690
Service
B8 B8 Class 1 All - 30 205 75 515
to 3/4 - 100 690 125 862

AISI 304 Cryogenic to
B8 Class 2 8 1500 ° F Over 3/4 to 1 - 80 550 115 793
(815 ° C)
Over 1 to 1 1/2 - 50 345 100 690
B8M Class 1 AISI 316 All - 30 205 75 515
1/4 thru 2 1/2 - 105 720 125 862
CrMoVa Alloy -50 to 1100 ° F Over 2 1/2

B16 B16 4, 7, or 8 - 95 655 110 758
Steel (-45 to 593 ° C) thru 4
Over 4 thru 7 - 85 585 100 690
307A Grade A A, B, C, D, DH, DH3 - - - 60 414

Carbon Steel Amb. to 450 ° F 60 KSI (414 Mpa)
ASTM A307 ASTM A563
Grades (232 ° C) Tensile Strength
307B Grade B - 36 248 60-100 414-690
L7 L7 CrMo Alloy Steel 4 or 7 1/4 thru 2 1/2 - 105 720 125 862
-50 to 1100 ° F
AISI 4140, 4142,
(-45 to 593 ° C)
L7M or 4105 7M 1/4 thru 2 1/2 - 80 550 100 690
NiCrMo Alloy Low

L43 4 or 7 1/4 thru 4 - 105 720 125 862
ASTM A320 Steel AISI 4340 ASTM A194 Temperature
Service
L1 Low Carbon Boron 4 or 7 1/4 thru 1 - 105 720 125 862
L43 B8 Class 1 Cryogenic to All - 30 205 75 515

AISI 304 8 1500 ° F
B8 Class 1A (815 ° C) All - 30 205 75 515
165
166
Fastener Details (Cont.) Mechanical Properties
Proof
KSI Mpa KSI Mpa
(Mpa)
3/4 and under 100 690 125 862
Over 3/4 to 1 80 550 115 793

B8 Class 2 AISI 304

Over 1 to 1 1/4 65 450 105 720
Cryogenic to Low 1 1/4 to 1 1/2 50 345 100 690

ASTM A320 ASTM A194 8 1500 ° F Temperature
(815 ° C) Service 3/4 and under 95 655 110 758
Over 3/4 to 1 80 550 100 690

B8M Class 2 AISI 316
Over 1 to 1 1/4 65 450 95 655
1 1/4 to 1 1/2 50 345 90 620
1/2 to 1 85 (585) 92 634 120 827

A194 or 2 or 2H/C3, D, DH, 120/105 KSI Min.
A325 ASTM A325 Type 1, 2, 3
A563 DH3 Tensile
Over 1 to 1 1/2 74 (510) 81 558 105 720
Amb. to 650 ° F 1/4 to 2 1/2 109 752 125 862

BC Grade BC (343° C)
Over 2 1/2 99 683 115 793
A354
C3, D, DH, DH3 1/4 to 2 1/2 130 896 150 1034
Grade BD
Quenched and Over 2 1/2 115 793 140 965
A563
Amb. to 650 ° F Tempered
1/4 to 1 92 634 120 827
(343° C)
Amb. to 700 ° F
A449 A449 Type 1 Over 1 to 1 1/2 81 558 105 720
(371° C)
Amb. to 650 ° F
Over 1 1/2 to 3 58 400 90 620
(343° C)
Grade 660 A, B, and C 85 585 130 896
Class A
70 483 100 690
(3 and Under)
Over 3 60 414 100 690

Grade 651
Class B
60 414 95 655
High (3 and Under)
-50 to 1000 ° F
A453 A453 Temperature
(-45 to 538 ° C) Over 3 50 345 95 655
Service
Grade 662 Class A 85 585 130 896
Class B 80 550 125 862
Grade 665 Class A 120 827 170 1172
Class B 120 827 155 1069

Fastener Details (Cont.) Mechanical Properties
Proof
KSI Mpa KSI Mpa
(Mpa)
1034-
Grade 1 DH, DH3, 2H 1/2 to 1 1/2 130 896 150-170
1172
A563 or 1034-
A490 A490 Grade 2 1/2 to 1 130 896 150-170
A194 1172
1034-
Grade 3 1/2 to 1 1/2 130 896 150-170
1172
B21, 23 & 24 CL1 1/4 to 4 150 1034
B21, 23 & 24 CL2 1/4 to 4 140 965
B21-24 CL3 Amb. to 700 ° F Special 1/4 to 6 130 896

A540 A540 115-165 793-1138
B21, 23 & 24 CL4 (371° C) Applications 1/4 to 6 120 827
1/4 to 2 105 720

B21, 23 & 24 CL5
2 1/8 to 8 100 690
Grade 1 SAE J995 2 1/4 to 1 1/2 33 (228) 36 248 60 414
1/4 to 3/4 55 (379) 57 393 74 510

Grade 2 2 Over 3/4 to
33 (228) 36 248 60 414
1 1/2
SAE J429 Grade 4 2, 5 Bolts, Screws, Studs 1/4 to 1 1/2 100 690 115 793
Grade 5 5, 8
Grade 7 5, 8
Grade 8 8
Metric Materials
ISO 898/1 4.6 4 35 241 58 40
OR 4.8 4 49 338 61 420
ASTM 5.8 5 61 420 75 517
F568 8.8 8 All 96 662 120 827
OR 9.8 9 104 717 131 903
SAE 10.9 12 136 938 151 1041
J1199 12.9 12 160 1103 177 1220
General Notes:
1. The Data that are listed is for general reference only. The properties of bolts can differ from the norm.

2. Consult Lamons Engineering Department for further technical questions.
3. Blank data indicates that no sufficient information at this time is avaliable for such material.
167
Notes

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Gasket

Chapter 1 : Gasket Selection

Chapter 2 : Gasket Installation

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

2 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

• Proper design of flanged joint;

We will endeavor to outline in this publication those areas we believe to be essential in a

All of these factors dictate proper attention must be given to:

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

• The size of the vessel and/or the flanges;

4 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Raised Face Flange

Flat Face Flange

6 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Male - Female or Recessed Groove Flange

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Lap Joint Flange

8 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Ring Type Joint (RTJ)

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Flange Finish Definition and Common Terminology

10 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Flow Nominal surface

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Root-mean-square deviation (Rq) is a statistical measure of the roughness profile values of

Calculations for statistical parameters of profilometry data.

1. The temperature of the fluid or gas in the service

12 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Section One: Non- Metallic Gaskets

• Elastomeric and Fiber Sheet

SBR (Styrene -Butadiene)

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Buna-N/Rubber (Nitrile, NBR)

EPDM (E thylene Propylene)

Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (Hypalon®)

Vegetable Fiber Sheet

Note: Viton® and Hypalon® are registered trademarks of DuPont.

16 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Applications and Characteristics

Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) 20%

Note: Kelvar® is a registered trademark of DuPont.

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Applications and Characteristics:

Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-43025%

18 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Applications and Characteristics:

Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-450 20%

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Applications and Characteristics:

Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) 20%

ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-5%

20 Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Applications and Characteristics:

Creep Relaxation ASTM F-38B (1/32”) L-540 25%

ASTM Oil 1, 5 hrs./300°F (149°C) 0-10%

Color Dark Gray

Sealing Global - Servicing Local

Applications and Characteristics: