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9 views5 pages

Computer Grpwork Baf-Tnc

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humphreygabriel72
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© © All Rights Reserved
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COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION

COURSE : BACHELOR IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE


NATURE OF ASSIGNMENT : GROUP ASSIGNMENT 1
LECTURER : DR.LUSAKO MWAKILUMA
SUBJECT : DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

NAMES REGISTRATION

1 HUMPHREY O.GABRIEL 03.2093.02.01.2023

2 ALLEN LAUWO 03.4197.01.01.2023

3 GHATI M. OTAIGO 03.9386.01.01.2023

4 EZEKIEL I.MWASANDUBE 03.8137.02.01.2023

5 NORAH TEMU 03.9413.02.01.2023

6 BEVENUTHA EVARIST 03.1584.02.01.2023

QUESTION;

To discuss into details the generation of computer.


First Generation (1940s–1950s): Vacuum Tubes

Hardware: These computers used vacuum tubes for the CPU's circuitry and magnetic drums for
memory. Vacuum tubes were large, fragile, and consumed a lot of power, making these
computers massive in size and prone to overheating.

Performance: They could perform basic arithmetic and logic operations, but their processing
speed was extremely slow compared to modern computers.

Usage: Primarily used for military calculations, scientific research, and large-scale business data
processing.Examples: ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), UNIVAC
(Universal Automatic Computer).

Second Generation (1950s–1960s): Transistors

Hardware: Replaced vacuum tubes with smaller, faster, and more reliable transistors. Magnetic
cores were used for memory storage.

Performance: These computers were significantly faster and more efficient than the first-
generation systems.

Programming: Introduced assembly language and high-level programming languages like


COBOL and FORTRAN, which made programming easier.

Usage: Widely adopted in business, industry, and research.

Third Generation (1960s–1970s): Integrated Circuits

Hardware: Integrated circuits (ICs) allowed multiple transistors to be placed on a single silicon
chip, leading to smaller, more reliable, and cost-effective computers.
Performance: These computers introduced multitasking and real-time processing capabilities.
They also supported monitors and keyboards as input or output devices.

Programming: Operating systems were developed, enabling better resource management and
user interaction.

Usage: Used in business, education, and government applications.Examples: PDP (Personal


Data Processor) and Nova 1200.

Fourth Generation (1970s–Present): Microprocessors

Hardware: The introduction of the microprocessor integrated all the essential components of a
CPU onto a single chip. Memory technologies, such as RAM and storage devices, also advanced.

Performance: These computers became highly powerful, compact, and affordable, making
personal computing accessible to the public.

Programming: Support for graphical user interfaces (GUIs) made computers user-friendly. They
have programming languages and software applications.

Usage: Personal computers (PCs), mobile devices, and servers dominate homes, businesses, and
industries.Examples: Apple Macintosh and modern laptops.

Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond): Artificial Intelligence

Hardware: Focus on massively parallel processing, quantum computing, and nanotechnology.


These technologies aim to break the barriers of traditional computing speed and power.

Performance: Designed to mimic human intelligence by learning, reasoning, and solving


complex problems autonomously.

Programming: Advanced algorithms in machine learning, deep learning, and natural language
processing (NLP).
Usage: Robotics, self-driving cars, virtual assistants (like Siri and Alexa), and predictive analytics.

Potential Future: Quantum computers could revolutionize problem-solving in fields like


medicine, and climate modeling.

In brief, computers evolve day and day the result of demand.As we observe from first
generation from using vacuum tubes up to the use of artificial intelligence is the masive
change.The purpose of demanding new computer generation is enabling work simplification.

Reference:
"Computer Organization and Design" by David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy

"Computers: From the Past to the Present" by Ron White

"Fundamentals of Computers" by V. Rajaraman


"Introduction to Computer Science" by ITL Education Solutions

"The Elements of Computing Systems" by Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken

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